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US History Survey
7th lecture
colonial conflicts & changes,
1760s & 1770s
British colonies in N America
• can you identify the colonies?
poverty & wealth:colonial merchants
poverty & wealth:colonial planters
“free” workers
women’s work
boat builders
enslaved workers
wealth & poverty
• Who was poor? Why?– widows with young children (some husbands
killed in war)
– urban workers (fluctuations in economy)
– enslaved people
– almost all free people of color
– many Indians living among whites
Class conflicts
• Landowners and tenants
• Employers & workers in cities
• Slave owners & enslaved
French & Indian War, 1754 – 1763(aka Seven Years War)
results of French & Indian War
• British desire for land expansion
• Land speculators• British defeated French
@ Quebec & Montreal
• Indians wanted Appalachians as border.
• Treaty of Paris – French lost all lands on mainland.
• Britain claimed all land east of Mississippi River.
• Indians could no longer play off Europeans against each other.
• Colonists connected with each other.
Parliament
mercantilism
• Benefit for the mother country. • Sugar Act, 1764 – tax on imported sugar &
enforcement of customs’ service regulations.• Stamp Act, 1765 – taxed all paper goods.• Declaratory Act, 1766 – Parliamentary supremacy
over colonies. Ability to enact legislation. • Townshend Revenue Acts, 1767 – taxed
commodities, lead, glass, paint, paper, tea.• Tea Act, 1773 – monopoly to Brit. E. India Co.• quartering of British troops.
Stamp Act, 1765
Non-importation associationsNon-consumption
• Massachusetts boycott of British products.
• Daughters of Liberty – weaving homespun fabric for clothing.
• 1768 British troops occupied
Boston.
Boston Massacre, 1770
• Crispus Attucks, 1st casualty – former slave.
Boston Tea Party, 1773
1st Continental Congress, 1774, Philadelphia
1st Continental Congress
• representatives elected by town meetings & colonial assemblies. (British governors had dissolved colonial legislatures.)
• wanted to avoid war.• policy of economic coercion.• created Committees of Observation & Safety,
which took over local government.• began to refer to selves as states. • rights of Englishmen being violated.
battles at Lexington & Concord, Massachusetts, 1775
• British troops to capture American ammunition.