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Urban Metabolism Analysis to Be2er Understand Complex Urban Systems Stephanie Pincetl, Director California Center for Sustainable Communi?es October 14, 2014 Interna?onal Symposium on Life Cycle Assessment for Pavements

Urban&Metabolism&Analysis&to& Be2er&Understand&Complex ...€¦ · Urban&Metabolism&analysis&of&Los& Angeles&County& 11 & & & & & & & & & *CCSC!has!already!completed!for!LA!County!(25%!of!statewide!energy!consumpBon)!

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Page 1: Urban&Metabolism&Analysis&to& Be2er&Understand&Complex ...€¦ · Urban&Metabolism&analysis&of&Los& Angeles&County& 11 & & & & & & & & & *CCSC!has!already!completed!for!LA!County!(25%!of!statewide!energy!consumpBon)!

Urban  Metabolism  Analysis  to  Be2er  Understand  Complex  Urban  

Systems  Stephanie  Pincetl,  Director  California  Center  for  

Sustainable  Communi?es    October  14,  2014  

Interna?onal  Symposium  on  Life  Cycle  Assessment  for  Pavements    

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Urban  Metabolism  

•  The  sum  total  of  the  technical  and  socio-­‐economic  processes  that  occur  in  ci?es  resul?ng  in  growth,  produc?on  of  energy  and  elimina?on  of  waste.  

                                                                                                                                             Kennedy  et  al  2007  

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•  Our  built  environment  is  a  large  in-­‐use  repository  or  stock  humans  have  accumulated  

•  Humans  use  approximately  60  billion  tons  of  material  every  year,  or  the  equivalent  of  the  natural  produc?on  of  all  plants  on  earth  

•  Urban  metabolism  studies  are  the  quan?fica?on  of  the  flows  into  ci?es  or  communi?es  (electrons,  water,  wood,  air,  other  materials,  food.  .  .)  flows  out  as  pollu?on,  other  waste  or  losses  in  the  form  of  heat  and  distribu?on  losses,  plus  what  has  remained  inside.  

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Brussels,  Belgium  early  1970s.  Souce:  Duvigneaud  and  Denayeyer-­‐De  Smet  1977    

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What  is  Missing  in  UM  Today?    

•  Systems  approach  –  LCA  and  environmental  impacts  (EIO-­‐LCA)  

•  Embedded  Energy  •  Ground-­‐up  analysis  •  Linking  to  policy  drivers  –  the  so]  infrastructures  of  codes,  conven?ons,  rules,  laws  and  cultural  expecta?ons.  

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Los  Angeles  County,  a  UM  2.0  Experiment  in  Research  

•  UM  a  good  integra?ve  framework  •  Lends  itself  to  systems  analysis  •  With  more  ground-­‐up  data,  relevance  could  be  enhanced  

•  Highly  empirical  to  start  •  Policy  drivers  to  be  derived,  or  selected.  •  Mission:  science  for  ac?on  

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NASA  views  of  Los  Angeles  County    Image  above:  sensors  for  GHG  emissions  Monitoring,  proposed  by  NASA  

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Our  Approach  

•  Quan?fying  flows  from  the  ground  up  •  Matching  the  flows  to    – census  characteris?cs,  – Building  types,  vintages,  sizes,  construc?on  types  – NAICS  codes  – Cal  Enviro  Screen  and  other  as  possible  

•  Pucng  a  face  on  the  uses/users  •  Linking  to  embedded  energy  and  materials    

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Different  than  top  down  –  NASA–  or  imputed  use  generated  by    models  or  generalizing    from  a  few  studies  based  on  self-­‐reported    data  or  small  survey  samples.    Can  yield    baselines  and  longitudinal  understandings.    

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Urban  Metabolism  analysis  of  Los  Angeles  County  

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                 *  CCSC  has  already  completed  for  LA  County  (25%  of  statewide  energy  consumpBon)  

A Flexible and Responsive Research Platform

ENERGY DATA REPOSITORY

Researchers

Local Gov’t

Utilities

Agencies

CA State Utilities

County Assessor

Census

Building Energy Data

Weather & Climate Models

DATABASE

Standardize Aggregate, Analyze, Evaluate

Se

cu

rity

P

erm

iss

ion

s

DATA SOURCES END USERS

Other

(EE,LCA, Solar, etc.)

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Median  residen*al  electricity  use  by  city  council  district    FY  2011-­‐2012,  LADWP  

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•  Interac?ve  GIS  tools  allow  users  to  play  with  data  and  get  a  big  picture  sense  of  how  energy  pa2erns  vary  across  space  and  relate  to  different  variables  

 

•  h2p://devmaps.environment.ucla.edu/profiles/neighborhoods/  

•  h2p://devmaps.environment.ucla.edu/profiles/ci?es/  •  h2p://devmaps.environment.ucla.edu/memo/results  

•  h2p://devmaps.environment.ucla.edu/ci?es/  

Sample Interactive Maps

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Quin*le  Ranking  of  Los  Angeles  County  Industry  Sectors  Economic  Round  Table      

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Embedded  GHGs  in  Urban  Fabric  

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Los  Angeles  Embedded  Energy  

•  Single  Family  energy  factors  

Chester  et  al.  2014  

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Factors  by  Category  and  Time  Period                Chester  et  al    

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Building  Count  by  Vintage  and  Type                      Chester  et  al  2014  

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GHG  Emissions  by  Vintage  and  Type            Chester  2014  

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Next  Steps    

•  Matching  up  the  buildings  and  current  energy  use  

•  Developing  trade-­‐off  analysis  between  densifica?on  and  re-­‐use  and  new  building  

•  Thinking  about  roads  and  freeways  and  what  the  embedded  energy  means  

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Income Water Consumption

Mini,  C.,  T.S.  Hogue,  and  S.  Pincetl,  2014:  PaMerns  and  Controlling  Factors  of  ResidenBal  Water  Use  in  Los  Angeles,  California,  Water  Policy,  doi:10.2166/wp.2014.029  

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NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION  

California  Center  for  Sustainable  Communi?es  at  UCLA  Grants:  NSF  WSC  #1204235,  Haynes  Founda?on  

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NOT FOR DISTRIBUTION  

California  Center  for  Sustainable  Communi?es  at  UCLA  Grants:  NSF  WSC  #1204235,  Haynes  Founda?on  

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Next  Steps  and  Developing  the  Conceptual  Framework  

•  Funding  to  expand  to  all  of  Southern  California  and  the  rest  of  the  state  

•  Developing  policy  briefs  and  ac?onable  analysis  for  stake  holders  

•  Using  the  research  to  help  move  to  a  post  carbon  energy  system  

•  Publishing  peer  reviewed  papers  and  a  web  atlas  •  Working  on  theorizing  this  approach  under:  Thick  Mapping,  an  IntegraBve  Framework.