UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA–2content.kopykitab.com/.../sample/sample_10990.pdf · 2018. 3. 22. · ©Publishers Publishers UPKAR PRAKASHAN 2/11A, Swadeshi Bima Nagar, AGRA–282 002 Phone

UPKAR PRAKASHAN, AGRA–2

ByDr. L. N. Koli

[M. Com. (ABST), NET (JRF), SLET, Ph.D., D.Lit.]

&Madan Singh

© Publishers

Publishers

UPKAR PRAKASHAN2/11A, Swadeshi Bima Nagar, AGRA–282 002Phone : 4053333, 2530966, 2531101Fax : (0562) 4053330E-mail : [email protected], Website : www.upkar.in

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ISBN : 978-93-5013-575-4

Code No. 1861

Printed at : UPKAR PRAKASHAN (Printing Unit) Bye-pass, AGRA

CONTENTS

● Previous Years’ Solved Papers

Part-A (Core Group)

Unit–IBusiness Environment ............................................................................................ 3–50

* Objective Questions ........................................................................................... 33

Unit–IIFinancial and Management Accounting ................................................................. 51–132


Unit–IIIBusiness Economics ............................................................................................... 133–177

* Questions ............................................................................................................ 162

Unit–IVBusiness Statistics and Data Processing................................................................. 178–233


Unit–VBusiness Management ............................................................................................ 234–289


Unit–VIMarketing Management ......................................................................................... 290–329


Unit–VIIFinancial Management ........................................................................................... 330–366


( iv )

Unit–VIIIHuman Resource Management............................................................................... 367–405


Unit–IXBanking and Financial Institutions ......................................................................... 406–460


Unit–XInternational Business ............................................................................................ 461–499


Part-B (Optional)

Elective–IAccounting and Finance ......................................................................................... 500–546


Elective–IIMarketing ............................................................................................................... 547–587


Elective–IIIHuman Resource Management............................................................................... 588–621


Elective–IVInternational Business ............................................................................................ 622–657


Elective–VIncome Tax Law and Tax Planning........................................................................ 658–688


SYLLABUS

PAPER–II & III (A)(CORE GROUP)

Unit–IBusiness Environment

Meaning and Elements of Business Environ-ment.

Economic environment, Economic Policies,Economic Planning.

Legal environment of Business in India,Competition policy, Consumer protection,Environment protection.

Policy Environment : Liberalization, Priva-tisation and globalisation, Second generationreforms, Industrial policy and implementation.Industrial growth and structural changes.

Unit–IIFinancial & Management Accounting

Basic Accounting concepts, Capital andRevenue, Financial statements.

Partnership Accounts : Admission, Retire-ment, Death, Dissolution and Cash Distribution.

Advanced Company Accounts : Issue,forfeiture, Purchase of Business, Liquidation,Valuation of shares, Amalgamation, Absorptionand Reconstruction, Holding Company Accounts.

Cost and Management Accounting : RatioAnalysis, Funds Flow Analysis, Cash FlowAnalysis, Marginal costing and Break-evenanalysis, Standard costing, Budgetary control,Costing for decision-making Responsibilityaccounting.

Unit–IIIBusiness Economics

Nature and uses of Business Economics,Concept of Profit and Wealth maximization.Demand Analysis and Elasticity of Demand,Curve Analysis, Law.

Utility Analysis and Indifference of Returnsand Law of variable proportions.

Cost, Revenue, Price determination indifferent market situations : Perfect competition,Monopolistic competition, Monopoly, Price dis-crimination and Oligopoly, Pricing strategies.Unit–IVBusiness Statistics & Data Processing

Data types, Data collection and analysis,sampling, need, errors and methods of sampling,Normal distribution, Hypothesis testing, Analysisand Interpretation of Data.

Correlation and Regression, small sampletests—t-test, F-test and chi-square test.

Data processing—Elements, Data entry, Dataprocessing and Computer applications.

Computer Application to Functional Areas—Accounting, Inventory control, Marketing.

Unit–VBusiness Management

Principles of Management.

Planning—Objectives, Strategies, Planningprocess, Decision-making.

Organising, Organisational structure, Formaland Informal organisations, Organisational culture.

Staffing.

Leading : Motivation, Leadership, Commit-tees, Communication.

Controlling.

Corporate Governance and Business Ethics.

Unit–VIMarketing Management

The evolution of marketing, Concepts, Con-cept of marketing, Marketing mix, Marketingenvironment.

( vi )

Elements of consumer behaviour, Marketsegmentation.

Product decisions.

Pricing decisions.Distribution decisions.Promotion decisions.

Marketing planning, Organising and Control.

Unit–VIIFinancial Management

Capital Structure, Financial and Operatingleverage Cost of capital, Capital budgeting Work-ing capital management Dividend Policy.

Unit–VIIIHuman Resources Management

Concepts, Role and Functions of HumanResource management, Human Resource Planning,Recruitment and Selection Training and Develop-ment, Succession Planning.

Compensation : Wage and Salary Adminis-tration, Incentive and Fringe benefits, Morale andProductivity.

Performance Appraisal.

Industrial Relations in India, Health, Safety,Welfare and Social Security, Workers' Participa-tion in Management.

Unit–IXBanking and Financial Institution

Importance of Banking to Business, Types ofBanks and Their Functions, Reserve Bank ofIndia, NABARD and Rural Banking.

Banking Sector Reforms in India, NPA,Capital adequacy norms.

E-banking.

Development Banking : IDBI, IFCI, SFCs,UTI, SIDBI.

Unit–XInternational Business

Theoretical foundations of international busi-ness, Balance of Payments.

International liquidity, International Econo-mic Institutions—IMF, World Bank IFC, IDA,ADB.

World Trade Organisation—Its functionsand policies.

Structure of India's Foreign Trade :Composition and direction, EXIM Bank, EXIMPolicy of India, Regulation and promotion ofForeign Trade.

PAPER–III (B)[ELECTIVE / OPTIONAL]

Elective–I : Accounting and FinanceAccounting standards in India, Inflation

Accounting, Human Resource Accounting, Res-ponsibility Accounting, Social Accounting.

Money and Capital Market, Working of Stockexchanges in India, NSE, OTCEI, NASDAQ,Derivatives and Options.

Regulatory Authorities : SEBI, RatingAgencies; New Instruments : GDRs, ADRs.

Factoring, Measurement of risk and returnssecurities and portfolios.

Computer Application in Accounting andFinance.

Elective–II : MarketingMarketing Tasks, Concepts and Tools,

Marketing Environment.

Consumer Behaviour and Market Segmenta-tion.

Product decisions.

Pricing decisions.

Distribution decisions.

Promotion decisions.

Marketing Researchs.

On-line marketing.

Direct Marketing; Social, ethical and legalaspects of marketing in India.

Elective–III : Human Resource Management

Concept; Role and Functions of HumanResource Manager.

Human Resource Planning, Job analysis, Jobdescription and specifications, Use of Job analysisinformation, Recruitment and Selection.

Training and Development, SuccessionPlanning.

( vii )

Compensation : Wage and Salary adminis-tration, Incentives and Fringe benefits, Morale andProductivity.

Appraisal of Performance.

Industrial Relations in India, Health, Safety,Welfare and Social Security, Workers partici-pation in Management.

Elective–IV : International BusinessForeign Direct Investment and Multi-

national Corporations—MNCs Culture, MNCsand LDCs, Joint Ventures.

Regional Economic Integration : SAARC,ASEAN, EC, NAFTA India and WTO, Intellec-tual Property Rights.

Foreign Exchange—Exchange rate, Mecha-nism, Risk management, Transfer of internationalpayments, Convertibility of Rupee, Current andCapital Accounts; Issues and Perceptions, Deriva-tives and Futures.

Foreign investment Institutions; Instruments :GDRs, ADRs, FIIs—their role in Indian CapitalMarket.

Elective–V : Income-tax Law and Tax Planning

Basic concepts, Residential status and taxincidence, exempted incomes, computation oftaxable income under various heads.

Computation of taxable income of individualsand firms.

Deduction of tax, filing of returns, differenttypes of assessment; Defaults and penalties.

Tax planning : Concept, significance andproblems of tax planning, Tax evasion and taxavoidance, methods of tax planning.

Tax considerations in specific businessdecisions, viz., make or buy; own or lease, retainor replace; export or domestic sales; shut-down orclosure; expand or contract; invest or disinvest.

Computer Application in Income tax and Taxplanning.

UGC–NET Commerce–II (J–16) | 1

CommerceUGC-NET/JRF Exam.

(July 2016)Solved Paper


July 2016

Commerce(Paper–II)

Note—This paper contains fifty (50) objectivetype questions of two (2) marks each. All questionsare compulsory.1. For the following statements of Assertion (A)

and Reason (R) indicate the correct code fromthe alternatives given—Assertion (A) : Liberalization meanscorporatisation of departmental undertakingsand public undertakings.Reason (R) : Freedom to public sector under-takings to access capital market.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is correct

explanation of (A)(B) Both (A) and(R) are true but (R) is not the

correct explanation of (A)(C) (A) is true, but (R) is false(D) (A) is false, but (R) is true

2. Match the items of List-I with List-II and indicatethe correct code—List-I(a) Fiscal Policy(b) Technology Policy(c) Macro-Economic Policy(d) Monetary Policy

List-II1. Mitigation of National harzards2. Balance of Payment3. Fiscal Federalism4. Inflation

Codes :(a) (b) (c) (d)

(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 1 2 4(C) 4 3 1 2(D) 2 1 4 3

3. Which of the following factor is not directlyresponsible for slowing down the growth ofinfrastructure ?(A) High level of perceived political risk(B) High level of sunk cost(C) High probability of time and cost over-run(D) Introduction of competiton in all sectors

4. Out of the following which is not a majorcomponent of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) ?(A) Personal Consumption Expenditure(B) Gross Private Domestic Investment(C) Net Personal Income(D) Net Exports

5. Which of the following is not a forum of Con-sumer Dispute Redressal System ?(A) Local Forum(B) District Forum(C) State Forum (State Commission)(D) National Commission

6. X Ltd. purchased 70 per cent of the shares of YLtd. at a price of ` 1,00,000. Share capital of YLtd. was of ` 70,000 and its accumulated profitsamounted to ` 90,000. What would be theamount of Minority Interest in the consolidatedBalance Sheet ?(A) ` 25,000 (B) ` 70,000(C) ` 1,00,000 (D) ` 40,000

7. Match the items in List-I with the items in List-IIand indicate the correct code—List-I(a) Debt-Equity Ratio(b) Proprietary Ratio(c) Interest coverage ratio(d) Capital gearing ratio

4 | UGC–NET Commerce–II (J–16)

List-II

1.Net Profit before interest and tax

Interence on long term loans

2. Equity share capital + Reserves

Preference share capital+Interest bearing finance

3.Long term debts

Shareholder’s Funds

4. Shareholder’s FundsTotal Assets


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 3 4 1 2(C) 3 4 2 1(D) 2 3 4 1

8. Ram and Shyam are partners in a firm withcapital of ` 4,80,000 and ` 3,10,000, respec-tively. They admitted Ganesh as a partner with

14 th share of profit. Ganesh brings ` 3,00,000

as his capital. Ganesh’s share of goodwill willbe—(A) ` 1,10,000 (B) ` 27,500(C) ` 17,500 (D) ` 70,000

9. Which of the following is a deferred revenueexpenditure ?(A) Legal expenses incurred on the purchase

of land(B) Expenses on a mega advertisement campaign

while launching a new product(C) expenses incurred on installation of a new

machine(D) Wages paid for construction of an addi-

tional room in the bulding

10. The amount of depreciation charged to profitand Loss Account varies every year under—(A) Fixed instalment method(B) Annuity method(C) Diminishing balance method(D) Insurance policy method

11. Ordinal utility analysis of consumer’s behaviouris considered superior to the cardinal utilityanalysis mainly due to—(A) Assumption of the rationality of the

consumer’s behaviour(B) possibility of the derivation of the

consumer’s demand(C) bifurcation of price effects into income and

substitution effects(D) Consideration of the available limited re-

sources for satisfying consumer’s demand

12. For the following statements of Assertion (A)and Reason (R) indicate the correct code—Assertion (A) : Price reduction normally leadsto an increase in the demand for a commodity.Reason (R) : Price reduction leads to the entryof new buyers of the commodity in the market.

Codes :(A) (A) is correct, but (R) is not correct(B) (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct(C) Both (A) and (R) are correct and (R) offers

full explanaiton of (A)(D) Both (A) and (R) are correct but (R) does

not offer full explanation of (A)

13. The minimum Long Run Average Cost (LAC)can be determined on a—1. LAC curve for a normalo production

function2. LAC curve for a linear production function3. Planning curve4. Envelope curve

Codes :(A) 1, 2, 3(B) 2, 3, 4(C) 1, 3, 4(D) 1, 2, 4

14. Monopoly is not considered desirable from thepoint of view of the society mainly because themonopolist endeavours to—(A) Earn net revenue on sale of all goods

including those involving no cost ofproduction

(B) Earn net revenue on sale of goods in shortrun as well as long run


(C) Charge different prices for the same productfrom the different categories of buyers

(D) Produce below economic capacity levelwhen he exhibits satisfaction with normalprofit only

15. Product-line pricing strategy includes whichcombination of the following ?1. Public utility pricing2. Complementary goods pricing3. Spare parts pricing4. Load factor pricing

Codes :(A) 1, 2, 3 (B) 2, 3, 4(C) 1, 2, 4 (D) 1, 3, 4

16. When the data are classified only on the basisof descriptive characteristics which cannot bequantified is known as—(A) Geographical classification(B) Chronological classification(C) Qualitative classification(D) Quantitative classification

17. Which one of the following is false description ?(A) In a moderately asymmetrical distribution,

the empirical relationship between Mean,Mode and Median suggested by KarlPearson isMean – Mode = 3 (Mean – Median)

(B) Coefficient of variation is an absolute mea-sure of dispersion

(C) Measure of skeweness indicates thedirection and extent of skewness in thedistribution of numerical values in the dataset

(D) Kurtosis refers to the degree of flatness orpeakedness in the region around the modeof a frequency curve

18. Match the items of List-I with the items of List-IIand indicate the code of correct matching—List-I(a) Coefficient of determination(b) Spearman’s Rank correlation coefficient(c) Regression coefficient of x on y variable(d) Karl Pearson’s formula for calculating γ

List-II

1.x

xy y

σγ σ

2.

2

2

61 –

( – 1)

d

n n

Σ

3. xn y

xyσ

Σσ

4. γ 2


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 1 4 2 3(C) 4 3 2 1(D) 3 2 4 1

19. Statements–I . When the null hypothesis is truebut as per the hypothesis-testing, it is rejected,it is known as beta type error in hypothesis test-ing.II . Chi-square test is exclusively a non-para-metric test.

Codes :

(A) Both the statements are true(B) Both the statements are false(C) Statement–I is true while Statement–II is

false(D) Statement–I is false while Statement–II is

true

20. Computers that recognize data as discretesignals are called ?(A) Analog computers(B) Digital computers(C) Hybrid computers(D) Super computers

21. Herbert Simon’s concept of administrative manassumes that—1. He has satisfying approach in decision

making rather than the maximising approach.2. He can make decisions without determining

all possible alternatives.3. He is completely rational in decision making.


Codes :(A) 1 only (B) 2 only(C) Both 1 and 2 (D) 1, 2 and 3

22. Which of the following statement(s) is/arecorrect about scalar chain principle as givenby Fayol ?1. Each communication, going up or down,

must flow through each position in the lineauthority.

2. Chain of communication cannot be brokenunder any circumstances.

Codes :(A) Only 1 is correct(B) Only 2 is correct(C) Neither 1 nor 2 is correct(D) Both 1 and 2 are correct

23. A mission statement should be—1. Self-explanatory2. Elaborative3. Distinctive3. Feasible

Codes :(A) 1 only (B) 1 and 2(C) 1, 2 and 3 (D) 1, 3 and 4

24. Match List-I and List-II and indicate thecorrect code—List-I(a) Equity theory(b) Vroom’s theory(c) Porter and Lawler model(d) Herzberg’s theory

List-II1. Motivation depends on ratios of inputs and

outcomes of self and others2. People are motivated to achieve a goal to

the extent that they expect that certainaction will help them to reach the goal

3. There exists a complex relationship amongmotivation, performancedf and satisfaction

4. A challenging job that has opportunitiesfor achievement, recognition, responsibilityand growth will motivate employees


(A) 1 2 3 4(B) 2 1 3 4(C) 3 2 1 4(D) 1 3 2 4

25. For the following statements of Assertion (A)and Reason (R) indicate the correct code—Assertion (A) : ‘Grapevine’ tends to be moreactive during periods of change, excitement,anxiety and sagging economic conditions.Reason (R) : Employees use this communica-tion to fill in important information gaps andclarify management decisions.

Codes :(A) (A) is right and (R) is worng(B) (A) is wrong and (R) is right(C) Both (A) and (R) are right and (R) explains

(A)(D) Both (A) and (R) are right but (R) does

not explain (A)

26. Which type of differentiation is used to gaincompetitive advantage through the way a firmdesigns its distribution coverage, expertise andperformance ?(A) Channel differentiation(B) Services differentiation(C) People differentiation(D) Product differentiation

27. Which one of the following is the most likelyresult of a marketing strategy that attempts toserve all potential customers ?(A) All customers will be delighted(B) Customer-perceived value will be increased(C) The company will need to follow up with

a demarketing campaign(D) Not all customers will be satisfied

28. Which of the following is not a primary activityin Michael Porter’s value chain ?(A) Inbound logistics(B) Operations(C) Outbound logistics(D) Procurement


29. Which of the following represents consistencyof results when the test instrument is usedrepeatedly ?(A) Validity(B) Reliability(C) Relativity(D) Sensitivity

30. For the following statements of Assertion (A)and Reason (R) indicate the correct code—Assertion (A) : Too many stimuli make a personaccommodated to those sensations. Sensoryadaptation is a problem that concerns manyadvertisers, which is why they try to changetheir advertising campaigns regularly.Reason (R) : To cut through advertising clutterand to ensure that consumers perceiveadvertisement, marketers try to increase sensoryinput.

Codes :(A) (A) is right and (R) is worng(B) (A) is wrong and (R) is right(C) Both (A) and (R) are right but (R) does

not explain (A)(D) Both (A) and (R) are right and (R) explains

(A)

31. Which of the following is not a feature ofpayback period method ?(A) It is simply a method of cost recovery and

not of profitability(B) It does not consider the time value of

money(C) It does not consider the risk associated

with the projects(D) It is very difficult to calculate

32. Which of the following is not a soruce of creditinformation of prospective customers ?(A) Letter of credit (B) Bank Reference(C) Trade Enquiry (D) Credit Bureau

33. The portion of earnings which is distributedamong shareholders in the form of dividend iscalled—(A) Proprietary Ratio(B) Earnings-yield Ratio(C) Payout Ratio(D) Retention Ratio

34. Select the correct code regarding motives forholding inventories by firms—1. Transaction motive2. Environmental motive3. Precautionary motive4. Speculative motive5. Competitive motive

Codes :

(A) 1, 2, 3, 4 (B) 1, 2, 4, 5(C) 1, 4, 5 (D) 1, 3, 4

35. Which of the following formulae is related tooperating leaverage ?

(A)Contribution

Operating Profit

(B)Sales – Variable Cost

Earning before Interest and tax

(C)Percentage change in EBIT

Percentage change in sales

(D) All of the above

36. Which of the following is not true in case ofHRM ?(A) Employees are seen as an investment to

be nurtured as well as a cost to be controlled(B) Conflicts are dealt with by team members

within their teams(C) Preference is for collective bargaining of

pay and conditions(D) Emphasis is on competitive pay and

conditions to stay ahead of competitors

37. Which one of the following is an advantage ofMagazines as a source of recruitment ?(A) Less expensive(B) Long lead time for advertisement place-

ment(C) Reach a diverse audience(D) Many unmotivated applicants

38. Examine the following statements and choosethe correct code—Assertion (A) : Human Resource planningmust always be seen with in the strategy mak-ing context.


Reason (R) : Human Resource planning pro-cess removed from the realities of the businesswill be a waste of time.

Codes :(A) Both (A) and (R) are correct(B) Both (A) and (R) are wrong(C) (A) is correct, but (R) is wrong(D) (A) is not correct, but (R) is correct

39. Match the items of List-I with the items ofList-II and select the correct code—List-I(a) Golden parachutes(b) Gain sharing(c) Stock-option(d) Annual bonus

List-II1. The right to pourchase a stated number of

shares of a company stock at today’s priceat some time in the future

2. An incentive plan that engages employeesin a common effort to achieve productivityobjectives and share the gains

3. Payments companies make in connectionwith a change in ownership or control ofa company

4. Plans designed to motivate short termperformance of managers and are tried tocompany profitability


(A) 3 1 2 4(B) 1 2 3 4(C) 2 3 1 4(D) 3 2 1 4

40. Which one of the following is not a function ofplant council ?(A) Recommend and improve safety, health

and welfare measures(B) Determination of productivity schemes

taking into consideration the localconditions

(C) Planning, implementation and reveiw ofmonthly targets and schedules

(D) Review of working of shop level bodies

41. For the following statements of Assertion (A)and Reason (R) indicate the correct code—Assertion (A) : “Banks globally are facing morechallenges now, and Macro sustainability is anecessity but not sufficient for sustainableeconomic growth.”Reason (R) : “Putting regulations in place isonly one part and their implementation isequally important for achieving growth andsustainability.”

Codes :

(A) (A) and (R) both are true and (R) iscorrect explanation of (A)

(B) (A) and (R) both are true but (R) is not thecorrect explanation of (A)

(C) (A) is true and (R) is false(D) (A) is false and (R) is true

42. Banking on telephone service includes—1. Automatic balance voice out2. Inquiry all term deposit account3. Direct cash withdrawl4. Utility bill payment5. Voice out last five transactions

Codes :

(A) 1, 2, 3 and 5(B) 1, 2, 4 and 5(C) 2, 3, 4 and 5(D) All 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5

43. Which one of the following banks currentlyranks number one in India in terms of marketcapitalization ?(A) State Bank of India(B) ICICI Bank(C) UTI Bank(D) IDBI Bank

44. Match the items of List-I with the items in List-IIand suggest the correct code—List-I(a) Interbank call market(b) Commercial Bills(c) Commercial paper market(d) Treasury bills

continue

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