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Updating and Climate Proofing of the Philippine Master Plan for Forestry
Development
For. Edna D. Nuestro Head, Planning and Project Management Service Division Forest Management Bureau
Background
1990
25-year Philippine Master Plan for Forestry Development (MPFD)
To revitalize the declining forestry sector in the Philippines
15 major programs under 3 umbrella programs
• Man and the Environment
• Forest Management and Products Development
• Institutional Development
Background
1999
United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) fact finding mission preliminary review
Successes in selected areas (CBFM, PA & Biodiversity conservation, watershed management)
However several programs did not progress (SFMA legislation, forest plantation and tree farms)
New developments and concerns in forestry (local / international) emerged affecting plan implementation (forest certification, C & I, role of forests & forestry in poverty eradication recognized
2002 to 2003 - DENR w/ FAO Support revised the 1990 MPFD
2013 - Updating and climate proofing of the RMPFD
Tasks of the Technical Assistance Team
• Re-evaluate, update, and climate proof the Philippine
Forestry Master Plan, taking into consideration the need for strong partnership with key stakeholders;
• Identify and recommend remedial measures, including further strengthening of policies and institutions, to hasten full attainment of the Master Plan’s objectives;
• Lay down a phased implementation of the Master Plan to guide DENR-FMB and DENR Field Offices in accomplishing and monitoring its implementation.
The 2003 Revised MPFD
Focus: Sustainable forest management, poverty alleviation and food security in upland communities in the Philippines Vision: A sustainably managed watershed and forest resources providing environmental and economic benefits to society with globally competitive industries contributing to the national economy and upliftment of upland communities’ welfare.
The 2003 Revised MPFD Objectives
1. Sustainably manage the watershed/forests by capable institutions with active participation of capable stakeholders
2. Rationalize forest based industries with sustainable sources of raw materials
3. Provide globally competitive forestry education and training 4. Enhance protective and biodiversity values of forests 5. Improve quality of life of upland communities 6. Enhance decision making processes through improved MIS, relevant
M &E, continuing forest resources assessment, forest resources accounting, criteria and indicators and forest certification
7. Enhance forestry institutions’ effectiveness, efficiency and competence in forest administration, conservation and management, forest protection, forestry research and extension
8. Enhance policy situation to provide the right environment for sustainable forest management
Forestry Master Plan
Targets
Status of Accomplishments
1. All regions starting
to implement
strategies towards
SFM within 1-5 yrs.
All regions (except NCR) are implementing
the following SFM strategies:
Forestland Boundary delineation
Forest Land Use Planning
Co-Management
CBFM
Convergence initiatives
Tenure Issuance
Establishment of Protected areas
Adoption of the Watershed Ecosystem
Management Framework (WEM)
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Forestry Master Plan
Targets
Status of Accomplishments
2. Productive collaboration
among DENR, LGUs and
other watershed
stakeholders in
responsible forest
management within 5
years
Achieved in all regions as evidenced by
active participation of LGUs and other
watershed stakeholders in forest
management through: Watershed management councils
Multi-sectoral forest protection committees (MFPCs)
Protected area management boards (PAMBs)
Co-Management Steering Committees
Multiple Monitoring Team (MMT)\
Anti – Illegal Logging Task Force
FLUP integrated in CLUP
Barangay Forest Program
LGU involvement in NGP
Management of ecotourism by LGUs
Urban Farming ( Quezon City)
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Forestry Master
Plan Targets
Accomplishments
3. 150 watersheds
- Characterized & prioritized in 2 yrs.
- With integrated management plans prepared in 5 yrs.
- With management body in place within 5 years
114 watersheds characterized and
prioritized
99 plans prepared
Watersheds with organized Watershed
Management Councils (WMCs): Reg. 5 -Ligmanan Pulantuna ; PA have PAMBs
Pola watershed (Reg. 4A)
Real – Infanta (Reg. 4B)
9 proclaimed watersheds in region 6 with active WMC (3
are within PA with PAMB)
Region 7 Carood, Abatan river, Loboc
WMCs formed in Reg.8 but some are not very active
2 watersheds in Reg. 9 with active WMCs
Regions 10, 11, 13 has 1, 2 and 6 WMC organized
respectively
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Forestry Master Plan Targets Accomplishments
4. Forestlands boundary
relocated and demarcated;
production and protection
forests delineated within 10
yrs.
• 75 out of 80 provinces delineated
and assessed but not yet
demarcated
• Delineation of protection/
production forests on going
through FLUP
5. All forestlands under sustainable management by capable managers, all open areas closed within 12 years
11 million hectares are under various kinds of tenure instruments and management arrangements, while 4 million hectares are still under open access.
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Forestry Master
Plan Targets
Accomplishments
6. Forestry and related policies harmonized within 5 years
• Some policies were harmonized such as the
following: - DENR-NCIP JAO 2008-01
(documentation of indigenous practices and
knowledge ); DENR-DILG JMC 2003-01; DA-
DAR-DENR JMC 2010-01 (Enhanced
convergence initiatives); DMC 2005-05
(harmonizing definition of terms );
• However, the passage of the SFMA which is
envisioned to harmonize most of the
conflicting forestry policies, was not achieved
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Forestry Master Plan
Targets
Accomplishments
7. Sustainable
management of 1.5
million ha of residual
forests, self sufficiency
in wood in 10 years
Minimal achievement
Many areas are still untenured and
those tenured (PAs and CADTs) are de
facto open access.
Importation of wood continue
8. Establishment,
maintenance and
renewal of 460,000 ha.
Of commercial forest
plantations within 12
yrs
Only about 164,000 hectares of
commercial plantations were
reportedly developed in IFMA areas
128,558 ha. developed in NGP in 2011
but most of these are not for
commercial purposes
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Forestry Master Plan Targets Accomplishments
9. At least 300,000 ha of
permanent grazing lands
sustainably managed by 2010
Only about 78,949 hectares are
covered by FLGLA mostly in:
CAR – 6,605 hectares
Reg. 2 – 14,179 ha.
Reg. 3 – 9,680 ha.
Reg. 4B – 11,615 ha.
Reg. 5 (Masbate) – 9,498 ha.
Reg.10 – 9,144 ha.
Reg. 12 – 13,768 ha.
No permittees in regions 7,8,9,
13 and NCR
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Forestry Master Plan Targets Accomplishments
10. Poverty in the uplands
minimized by 50% within 15
years
ERDB study ( Jan. 2013) of CBFM-
CARP projects in the Philippines
indicate 26% increase in average
annual income of CBFM-CARP
beneficiaries from Php 48,739 in
2007 to Php 61,203 in 2011.
However, this average annual
income is still below poverty
threshold of about Php 84,000 per
year per family (2009)
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Forestry Master Plan Targets Accomplishments
11. Responsible forest
based industries within 5
yrs.
• Difficult to ascertain because there
are no clear indicators to measure
12. Philippine forest
administration fully
capable and responsive
within 10 years
• Hard to ascertain for lack of
agreed indicators
• The general perception is that
DENR is technically capable but
there are so many constraints
Status of RMPFD Implementation
Summary
2 of the targets were achieved;
Significant achievement in 2 areas – forestlands delineation & watershed characterization;
6 of the targets were not achieved significantly – Forestry and related policies harmonized, grazing lands management, development of commercial plantations, management of residual forests, sustainable management of forestlands, and poverty in the uplands minimized; and
Cannot determine achievements In 2 other target areas – responsible forest based industries and responsive PFA;
Facilitating Factors
Donor assistance; SFM strategies are already part of the regular programs of
DENR and are included in the general appropriations There are existing policies and mechanisms in place within
DENR that promote stakeholders’ collaboration Increased awareness of stakeholders on the value of forests
in mitigating impacts of disasters associated with climate change
Weak advocacy for the passage of key legislations;
Congressional approval of forestland boundaries still pending;
SFMA has not been passed by Congress;
Overlapping of areas, e.g. CBFMA, PACBRMA, CADT/CALC;
Difficulty in securing and renewal of tenure instruments &
harvesting permits (centralized approval, many requirements,
difficulty in securing clearance, from NCIP, & LGUs);
Diminishing private sector participation in the management &
protection of residual forests due to E.O. 23;
Problems and Issues
No agreed indicators to measure some of the targets;
Lack of baseline information;
No clear IRR on co-management;
Weak mechanisms for external linkages with LGUs and other
stakeholders; and
Funding problems for the operation of WMCs, PAMBs and
other management bodies;
Problems and Issues
Challenges
1. Facilitate the passage of key legislations – SFMA & Draft bills defining forestlands boundaries
2. Complete demarcation of boundaries of forestlands and PAs 3. Complete delineation of production- protection forests thru
FLUP integrated into the CLUP 4. Facilitate approval of watershed management plans and
establishment of management bodies 5. Improve central data base system to support management
decision making 6. How do we improve management of existing forests and
expand plantation development to meet the increasing demands for forest product and ecosystem services?
Challenges
7. Strengthening resiliency of ecosystems and communities to climate change
8. Enhance the governance of forestlands and PAs and improve policy environment to facilitate approval of tenure instruments and permits
9. Improve support system to CADT and CBFM holders 10. Strengthen DENR mechanisms for external linkages especially
with LGUs 11. Enhance the capabilities of DENR personnel considering their
expanding roles and multiple clients 12. Explore other sustainable sources of financing forest
management programs
The Vision
Propose to maintain the existing vision: Sustainably managed watersheds and forest resources providing environmental and economic benefits to society with globally competitive industries contributing to the national economy and upliftment of upland communities’ welfare.
Objectives
Propose to retain objectives of the 2003 RMPFD with few modification/ addition:
To enhance the productive and biodiversity values of forests in order to meet demands for forest goods and ecosystem services
To enhance resiliency of forest ecosystems and forest dependent communities to impacts of climate change
1. Characterization of the remaining 36 watersheds completed, integrated management plans of the 150 watersheds approved and functional management bodies in place within 3 years
2. SFMA and bills defining forestland boundaries legislated within 5 years
3. Forest based industries with sustainable source of raw materials within 15 years
4. Methodologies for assessing SFM of FMUs using criteria and indicators established within 3 years
5. At least 150,000 hectares of permanent grazing lands sustainably managed by 2020
6. Boundaries of forestlands and PAs demarcated, production and protection and protection forests delineated by 2020
Strategic Targets
7. Establishment, maintenance and renewal of 460,000 ha. Of commercial forest plantations within 10 years
8. 6.5 million hectares of close and open forests protected, conserved and sustainably managed in 10 years
9. All open access forestlands placed under tenure by 2020
10. Average annual income of upland communities increased by 50% in 2020
11. Establish within 5 years the necessary guidelines and mechanisms for implementing REDD+ and payment for ecosystems services as sources of financing forest management programs.
12. Create the national, regional, provincial and community working groups on climate change within DENR in 3 years
Strategic Targets
Examined:
• Projected climate changes and potential impacts to forestry
• Demand for forest goods and ecosystem services
• Governance mechanisms to facilitate adaptation to changing climate
• Activities / programs needed to support implementation of the climate resilient forestry master plan
Developing the Strategies
Strategic framework:
• IEM focus complemented by FLUP integrated into the LGU’s CLUP
• Based on regional comparative advantage
• Tenure based management by accountable tenure holders
• Collaborative partnership among stakeholders
Developing the Strategies
1. IEC and Advocacy
- for the passage of key legislations and policies (Congressional approval of forestland boundaries & SFMA)
- DENR to mobilize key stakeholders especially LGUs, to ensure passage of these bills
- Strengthen further the professional association (SFFI)
- Strengthen the association of forestry schools (PFEN)
- Promote web advocacy
Support Programs
2. Develop sustainable financing mechanisms ( PES, REDD+, PPP, etc.)
- Assess environmental services provided by forest ecosystem
- Establish clear guidelines for PES, REDD+
- Promote PPP and develop investment portfolio
- Facilitate negotiations between providers and beneficiaries of ecosystem services
Support Programs
3. Monitoring and Evaluation
- results based monitoring system to establish accountabilities among tenure holders and DENR staff
- Establish baseline information (natural forests per tenure holder per province, poverty incidence, inventory plantations, etc)
- Improve MIS
- Implement C & I in assessing sustainability of FMU; develop the audit system linked to certification
Support Programs
4. Continue institutional strengthening and capability building (due to expanded values of forests and clients and climate change concerns)
- capabilities for collaborative partnership
- vulnerability assessment among DENR & LGUs
- Political communications
- conflict management
- Social marketing
- IEM planning
- FLUP and its integration into the CLUP
5. Research
- Researches related to climate change to be intensified
- Drought/ fire resistant forest species
Support Programs
THANK YOU!