Government at a Glance 2015

Country Fact Sheetwww.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

Administrative expenditure and employment measures have contributed to reduce costs

The compensation of government employees as a share of GDP decreased by 1.1 percentage points between 2009 and 2013, for the same period public sector employment as a percentage of the labour force declined by 1.5 percentage points (from 22.9% to 21.5%). Following the global financial and economic crisis, the U.K adopted several measures to reduce costs through changes in human resources management practices. Compensation measures included pay freezes and reduction in performance related pay or bonuses. In addi-tion, recruitment freezes not replacing retiring staff and increases in outsourcing and privatisation have also occurred.

Chapter 2: Public Finance and Economics Production costs as a percentage of GDP

Chapter 3: Public Employment and CompensationPublic sector employment as a percentage of total employment

Chapter 6: Human Resource ManagementCompensation reforms implemented since 2008Employment reforms in select OECD countries’ central public administrations

The UK supports stakeholder engagement through regulatory consultation and open data

Stakeholder engagement in regulatory processes -- from drafting of legislation to conducting inspections -- is required in many cases, and the UK has demonstrated innovative practices such as using ICTs to conduct public consultations on draft regulations and on plans to change existing regulations. In terms of providing citizens with information, the UK ranks third in the OURdata Index 2014 (Open, Useful and Re-usable Gov-ernment Data), with a score of 0.82. This Index looks at government efforts to make public data available and easily accessible and to pro-actively support their re-use.

Chapter 8: Regulatory GovernanceRequirements and types of stakeholder engagementUse of ICT to consult in different stages of regulation development

Chapter 10: Digital GovernmentOURdata Index: Open, Useful, Reusable government data

Asset disclosure requirements are relatively highfor the executive and legislative branches; lower than average for the judiciary

Disclosure of private interest of public officials is one of the tools for managing conflict of interest in gov-ernment. In 2014, according to the OECD composite on asset disclosure across branches of government, requirements in the UK are high for the executive (59.1/100) and legislative (75/100) branches, relative to OECD averages (45/100 and 63/100 respectively). Oppositely, with a score of 12.5/100 disclosure re-quirements are below average (33/100) for the judicial branch. For “at risk” areas, such as tax and custom officials, procurement agents and staff of financial authorities, the UK reports a similar value to the OECD average (27/100).

Chapter 7: Public Sector IntegrityLevel of disclosure and public availability of private interests across branches of government

United Kingdom

Government revenues(2013, 2014)

Government expenditures(2013, 2014)

Government gross debt *(2013, 2014)

% of GDP % of GDP % of GDP

Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts Source: OECD National Accounts

G@G /dataG@G /data

-15% -10% 0%-5% +5% +10% +15%

United Kingdom

-4.2%-5.7%

2014 2013

-5.7%

2013

Fiscal balance *(2013, 2014)

% of GDP

Public investment(2013, 2014)

% of of total govt. expenditures

How to read the figures:

U.K.

Country value in blue (not represented if not available)

Average of OECD countries in green

Range of OECD country values in grey

Public Finance & Economics Public Employment & Compensation

Public Finance and Economics

GOVERNMENT INPUTS: FINANCIAL AND HUMAN RESOURCES

29.3%

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

22.7%United Kingdom

20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

2013

41.9%

44.5%(2014)

45.5%(2013)

United Kingdom

0% 5% 10% 15% 20%

2013

7.8%

5.9%(2014)

5.5%(2013)

United Kingdom 100.8%

2013

111.6% 100%

0%2014

109.3%100%

0% 2013

0% 50% 100% 150% 200% 250%

United Kingdom

Values have been rounded. n.a. refers to

data not available

Source: OECD/Eurostat National Accounts* SNA definition, see Notes

Source: OECD National Accounts. * See Notes

Public Employment and Compensation

G@G /data

58.0%

65.9%United Kingdom

0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100%

Public sector employment filled by women (2013)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

Share of women ministers *(2015)

Source: Inter-Parliamentary Union Parline Database. * See Notes

Public sector employmentas % of total employment (2013)

Source: International Labour Organization (database)

21.3%

23.5%United Kingdom

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%

20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

2013

37.7%

38.8%(2014)

39.8%(2013)

United Kingdom

GOVERNMENT PROCESSES

Institutions Regulatory Governance Public Procurement Public Sector Integrity Digital Government

Digital Gov.

High Moderate Low

30%59%11%

ModerateUnited Kingdom

G@G /data

Level ofinfluence of the

Centre of Governmentover line ministries

(2013)

Institutions

Source: OECD 2013 Survey on Centre of Government

Women in Government

Primary lawsSubordinateregulations

Stakeholder engagement to inform o�cials about the problem and

possible solutions

Primary lawsSubordinateregulations

Consultation on draft regulations or proposed rules

For major primary laws

For all primary laws

3%15%65%15%2%

6%9%

62%23%0%

68%6%

18%6%2%

53%18%24%5%0%

For all subordinate regulations

For all primary laws /subordinate regulations

For major primary laws /subordinate regulations

For some primary laws /subordinate regulations

NeverNotapplicable

For some subordinate regulationsUnited Kingdom

G@G /data

Source: OECD Regulatory Policy Outlook (forthcoming)

Stakeholder engagement and consultation (2014)

Regulatory Governance

Strategic public procurement - Objectives(2014)

G@G /data

Public Procurement

0% 10% 20% 30% 40%

29.0%

50%

31.1%

United Kingdom

Source: OECD National Accounts

Procurement expenditure(2013)

% of government expenditures

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Public Procurement

Public Sector Integrity

2632

64

44

Judicial Branch “At risk” areasLegislative BranchExecutive Branch

Low level

Medium level

High level

28

13

7559

United KingdomUnited KingdomUnited KingdomUnited Kingdom

Level of disclosure of private interestsacross branches of government

(2014)

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Managing Conflict of Interest in the Executive Branch and Whistleblower Protection

0.58

0

0.2

0.4

0.6

0.8

1

0.83United Kingdom

OUR Data Index:Open, Useful, ReusableGovernment Data (2014)

Composite indexfrom 0 lowest to 1 highest

Source: 2014 OECD Survey on Open Government Data

Support for greenpublic procurement

A strategy / policy has been developed by some procuring entities

A strategy / policy has been developed at a central level

Support forSMEs

Support for innovativegoods and services

13 26 1

A strategy / policy has been rescinded

A strategy / policy has never been developed

2 10 25 0 3 10 23 0 3

United Kingdom

GOVERNMENT OUTPUTS AND OUTCOMES

Notes Fiscal balance as reported in the System of National Accounts (SNA) framework, also referred to as net lending (+) or net borrowing (-) of government, is calculated as total government revenues minus total government expenditures. Structural fiscal balance, or underlying balance, represents the fiscal balance adjusted for the state of the economic cycle (as measured by the output gap which resulted as the dif ference between actual and potential GDP) and one-off fiscal operations. Government gross debt is reported according to the SNA definition, which dif fers from the definition applied under the Maastricht Treaty. It is defined as all liabilities that require payment or payments of interest or principal by the debtor to the creditor at a date or dates in the future. All debt instruments are liabilities, but some liabilities such as shares, equity and financial derivatives are not debt. Share of women ministers data for the United Kingdom refers to the cabinet ministers previous to 7th May, 2015 elections.

Core Government Results and Service Delivery

Out of pocket expenditure as a % of final household consumption Access to healthcare (2012)

Source: OECD Health Statistics 2014

Satisfaction and confidence across public services (2014)

Average

Range

71%

Judicial system

Education system

77%

20

40

60

80

100

Health care

67%65%

54%60%

National government42%42%

United Kingdom

Source: Gallup World Poll

-15%

-10%

-5%

0%

5%

United KingdomTop10%

0.2%

Bottom10%

-0.5%

Top10%

Bottom10%

-1.6% -0.8%

Changes in household disposable income,by income group (2007-2011)

Source: OECD Income Distribution Database

Limited government powers(2014)

United Kingdom0.80

0.76

[0.37-0.92]

Source: The World Justice Project

Equity in learning outcomes (2012)PISA mathematics score variance by socio economic background

14.8%

5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30%

12.5%United Kingdom

Source: OECD, PISA 2012 results: Excellence through equity, 2013

% of citizens expressing confidence/satisfaction

Government at a Glance 2015With a focus on public administration, OECD Government at a Glance 2015 provides readers with a dashboard of key indicators assembled with the

goal of contributing to the analysis and international comparison of public sector performance across OECD countries. Indicators on public finances

and employment are provided alongside composite indexes summarising aspects of public management policies, and indicators on services to

citizens in health care, education, and justice. Government at a Glance 2015 also includes indicators on key governance and public management

issues, such as regulatory management, budgeting practices and procedures, public sector integrity, public procurement and core government

results in terms of trust in institutions, income redistribution and efficiency and cost-effectiveness of governments.

http://dx.doi.org/10.1787/gov_glance-2015-en

The Excel spreadsheets used to create the tables and figures in Government at a Glance 2015 are available via the StatLinks provided throughout the publication:

For more information on the data (including full methodology and figure notes)and to consult all other Country Fact Sheets: www.oecd.org/gov/govataglance.htm

2.8%

0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5%

1.3%United Kingdom