Unit 8 Honesty: Is It Going out of Style?. Before Reading_1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingAfter Reading Warm-up Questions 1.What does the video clip describe?

Unit 8

Honesty: Is It Going out of Style?

Before Reading Global Reading After Reading

Warm-up Questions

1.What does the video clip describe? Do you think it funny? Why?

2.Have you ever cheated on exams or thought of cheating on exams? What are the reasons?

3.What do you think of cheating on exams?

4.Do you think we can stop cheating? If yes, how? If no, why?

5.Can you imagine what would happen if there were no exams?

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Detailed Reading

Is Honesty out of Style?

The first step towards greatest is to be honest.诚实是迈向伟大的第一步

Be honest rather than clever. 诚实比聪明更重要

He is wise that is honest. 诚实者 , 智也 No legacy is so rich as honesty. 没有一笔遗产能

象诚实一样丰厚。

Listening Comprehension


Honest Abe

sundry: 各式各样的 dismay ：沮丧

trifle ：琐事 conscientious ：尽责的

Detailed Reading


1.What kind of clerk was Abe when he was working in the store?

2. How much did the woman pay for the items she bought?

3. Did Abe add up the items for a second time? Why?

He was honest and efficient.

Two dollars and six and a quarter cents.

Yes. Because he was not sure as to the accuracy of his calculation.

4. What did Abe decide to do after he found the mistake?

5. How far is the woman’s house from the store?

6. How did Abe feel after he returned the money?

He decided to pay the money back.

Between two and three miles away.

He felt satisfied.


1. State Regents’ examinations

1 ） New York State2) High school students3)Examinations made out

by regents4) Not replace final exam5) Pass score — 65

Detailed Reading


In the state of New York, the Department of Education requires that high school students take year-end examinations in science, math, and language subjects. A regent is a member of a board appointed to govern educational institutions. In New York, the regents make out these required examinations. The regents’ exam does not replace the final examination.

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Detailed Reading

It is a secure test, meaning that other than the regents themselves, no one, not even the teachers, is supposed to see the examinations prior to their administration. The exams are mostly multiple choice questions, though students may be required to write a short essay or solve math problems. A score of 65 is required to pass the exam, the top score being 100.

Text structureLanguage points

Part Division of the Text

Main IdeasParaParts

1 1 — 3

2 4 — 5

3 6 — 13

Cheating may be on the rise.Actions taken and reaction.

Reactions: Why there was less cheating in “the good old days”?

4 14 — 15 Suggestions: Ways to help students gain confidence.

Discourse Analysis

The text is an argumentative writing in style. The author presents sufficient evidence of valid reasons, examples, strong contrasts, etc. to support his idea that dishonesty is increasing in America, but honesty is still an important part of the national character.

1. How to support a statement?

statistics, examples, analysis, counter-argument, analogy （类比） , etc.

2. Find the supporting sentences in each part according to the topic sentences given.

Sentence Topic

There are other indications that high school cheating may be on the rise.

Supporting Sentences

For Part 1:

Recent poll: 61% American high school students ever cheated. A case in point: New York State charge.

Students buy prewritten term papers.

For Part 2:

Topic Sentence

Colleges and universities across the nation have decided to do more than talk about the rise in student cheating.

Supporting Sentence

Campaign at the University of Maryland.

For Part 3:

Topic Sentence

But were they more honest? Maybe yes, a long time ago when life was very different from what it is today.


George Washington’s cherry tree — honesty was seen as an important part of the American character.No fun stories, but ones about morality.

Abe Lincoln’s penny — small social circle.

More signs today — more likely to reveal dishonesty.

For Part 4:

Topic Sentence

There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow.


Theft and cheating

Educators’ finding.

Encourage students to be confident.

Detailed analysis of the text

HONESTY: IS IT GOING OUT OF STYLE?Stacia Robbins

Before Reading

Global Reading

After Reading

admit : v.

She never admits that she is wrong.SS

1) state or agree to the truth of (usu. something bad)

John has admitted (to) breaking the window.SS

2) permit to enter

He was admitted to the hospital suffering from burns.

SS

There were no windows to admit air.SS

3) allow

The facts admit of no other explanation.SS

SentenceSentence WordWord

According to a recent poll, 61 percent of American high school students have admitted to cheating on exams at least once. It can be argued such a response may not mean much. After all, most students have been faced with the temptation to peek at a neighbor’s test paper. And students can be hard on themselves in judging such behavior. However, there are other indications that high school cheating may be on the rise.


More and more states are requiring students to pass competency tests in order to receive their high school diplomas. And many educators fear that an increase in the use of state exams will lead to a corresponding rise in cheating. A case in point is students in New York State who faced criminal misdemeanor charges for possessing and selling advance copies of state Regents examinations.


Pattern:admit sth. to… 向…承认…admit to 通向…admit to sb. that… 向某人承认admit sb. into / to 允许某人进入…吸收某人参加…

admit 常指某人对本想否认或推托的事情因屈服于外力或受良心的责备而作的大胆的承认。

CF:admit & confess“ 承认，坦白”

confess 指对自身不利的事情或犯罪事实的承认或坦白。

This man privately admits that his motive is to gain profits.这人私下承认他的动机是为了牟利。

SS The prisoner confessed to stealing the jewels.犯人供认偷了珠宝。TT




Before Reading Global Reading After Readingbe hard on: be stern or strict with; be an unjust or unlucky burden on

不要对孩子太严厉。SS

Don’t be too hard on the child.TT

It’s hard on John, having to work when the rest of us are vacationing.

SS





indication: n. 1) sign or suggestion

SS There is not much indication that the drought will be over soon.2) pointing to or out

SS

The indication of that arrow is that visitors should turn right here.

Detailed Reading





on the rise: increasing

SS 我们学校的学生人数在不断增加。

The sales volume of the new products has been on the rise since the manager advertised them on TV.

SS

The number of students in our school is on the rise.

TT






corresponding: adj.

1) matchingSS

The peace talk was held between corresponding officials in the two governments.

2) the same

The police found corresponding footprints outside the house where the murder took place.





a case in point : a fit exampleSS

An average student can be a top student with additional work. Cathy is a case in point.

SS

Nearly all major cities in the US are crime-ridden. A case in point is Chicago.






charge: n. 1) accusation

2) price asked for goods or services

3) amount of electricity contained in a substance

The police brought /made a charge of murder against him.

SS 这商店送货服务要收费。TT This store has a charge for

delivery service.

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a negative / positive charge





2. v. 1) accuse

He was charged with stealing the jewels.

2) ask as a price

3) put an amount of electricity into

The hotel charges $2 for washing and ironing a shirt.

Batteries for mobile phones need charging every eight hours.

HONESTY: IS IT GOING OUT OF STYLE?

Stacia Robbins

Before Reading

Global Reading

After Reading

bring / make a charge 指控

dismiss a charge 驳回一项指控

take charge of sth. 负责某事

in charge of sth. 主管某事


Before Reading

Global Reading

After Reading

accuse 意为公开指责或指控某人做了错事，是最常用的词，正式或非正式场合都可以使用。

CF:accuse, charge & blame这几个词都是动词，都有“指责，起诉”之意。

charge 可用作一般用语，如犯有过错而受到指责，但主要用作正式的法律用语，如在法庭上对犯了法的人的控告。

blame 意思是责怪、埋怨。


Before Reading

Global Reading

After Reading

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.

1. The police her with speeding. 2. He was in no way to . 3. He the boy of cheating in the test. 4. They treason( 叛国 ) against him. 5. An investigating committee may

an office holder of wrong doing. 6. Bad workmen often their tools.

chargedblame

accusedcharged

accuse

blame

Before Reading

Global Reading

After Reading

requirement: n. sth. needed or demandedSS 我们将尽全力满足顾客的需要。

The store can supply all your requirements.SS

TT We will try our best to meet the requirements of our customers.

Collocation: meet someone’s requirements

符合某人的要求

Cheating is now considered to be a major problem in colleges and universities. Several professors say they’ve dropped the traditional term paper requirement because many students buy prewritten term papers, and they can’t track down all the cheaters anymore.

Colleges and universities across the nation have decided to do more than talk about the rise in student cheating. For instance, the Department of Psychology at the University of Maryland launched a campaign to stop one form of cheating. As

409 students filed out of their exam, they found all but one exit blocked. Proctors asked each student to produce an ID card with an attached photo. Students who said they’d left theirs in the dorm or at home had a mug shot taken. The purpose of the campaign was to catch “ringers”, students who take tests for other students.


launch:

1. v.1) start; set going

The government launched an attack against corruption.

2) set a ship afloat

3) set a rocket, missile, etc. in motion

SSIt’s expensive to launch an astronaut into outer space.

SS The First Lady was invited to launch the new ship.

2. n. setting in motion

The launch of a new ship is usually celebrated with champagne.

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unlike: prep. not like, different from

Unlike his brother, John is very interested in poetry.

She’s quite unlike her mother.

她很不像她母亲。


in the case of: so far as someone or something is concerned

SS

Poverty depressed most people; but in the case of my father it only urged him to work harder.

SS

We can’t make an exception in the case of Mary.

And these are just two stories out of many. Students in the last century usually didn’t read “fun” stories. They read stories that taught moral values. Such stories pointed out quite clearly that children who lied, cheated, or stole came to bad ends.

Parents may have further reinforced those values. It’s difficult to know. We do know that children didn’t hear their parents talk of cheating the government on income taxes — there weren’t any.

A clue as to why Americans may have been more honest in the past lies in the Abe Lincoln story. Lincoln knew his customer. They both lived in a small town. Would a check-out person at a large supermarket return money to a customer? It’s less likely. On the other hand, would overnight guests at an inn run by a husband and wife, steal towels? It’s less likely.


moral:

SS

Premier Zhou is a man of high moral standards.

1. adj. concerning principles of right and wrong

2. n. that which a story, event, or experience teaches

SS

The moral of the story is that crime does not pay.

You may draw your own moral from this incident.

当 moral 作为形容词，表示“道德上的；有道德的”时，没有比较级。




reinforce: vt. strengthen SS More troops were sent to reinforce the

fortress. SS

Most modern buildings are made of reinforced concrete.

NB: reinforce 的名词形式为reinforcement 。

Detailed Reading




lie in: exist in; be found in

SS Do you believe that “Happiness lies in contentment”?

SS

The greatest charm of the bride’s costume lies in its simplicity.

Perhaps this tells us that people need to know one another to be at their honest best.

The vast majority of Americans still believe that honesty is an important part of the American character. For that reason, there are numerous watch-dog committees at all levels of society. Although signs of dishonesty in school, business, and government seem much more numerous in recent years than in the past, could it be that we are getting better at revealing such dishonesty?

There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow. When times are hard, incidents of theft and cheating usually go up. And when times get better such incidents tend to go down.

Before Reading

Global Reading

After Reading

at one’s best: in one’s best condition or state

To see this part of the countryside at its best, you need to come in April.SS

He acted in all kinds of plays, but he was at his best in comedy.



There is some evidence that dishonesty may ebb and flow. When times are hard, incidents of theft and cheating usually go up. And when times get better such incidents tend to go down.

The school, he said, consisted of one class of twenty-four boys, ranging in age from seven to thirteen. I should have to teach all subjects except art, which he taught himself. Football and cricket were played in the Park, a mile away on Wednesday and Saturday afternoons.

Before Reading

Global Reading

After Reading

reveal: v.

Investigation revealed the women’s 800-meter race champion to be a man in disguise.

His life was threatened for revealing the secret.

1) expose; make known

Their faces reveal shock and disbelief.

Those pictures reveal to us a wonderful world under water.

2) cause to be seen




tend to: be apt to; have a tendency to

SSFarmers tend to use more machinery now.

SS

Children tend to like action movies.

Cheating in school also tends to ebb and flow. But it doesn’t seem linked to the economy.

Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating — a person may feel “they don’t trust me anyway,” and be tempted to “beat the system”. Distrust can be contagious. But, so can trust!


economy: n.

The President promised to improve the state of the economy.

The Industrial Revolution wiped out cottage economy in Britain.

1) control and management of the money, goods and other resources of a community, society or household

2) careful use of money, time, strength, etc.

It is never a shame to practice economy.

Before Reading

Global Reading

After Reading

Collocation:

practice economy 实行节约make economies 节约开支strict economy 严格的节约措施a collective economy 集体经济a free-market economy 自由市场经济

a national economy 国民经济a planned economy 计划经济

Cheating in school also tends to ebb and flow. But it doesn’t seem linked to the economy.

Many educators feel that as students gain confidence in themselves and their abilities, they are less likely to cheat. Surprisingly, some efforts to prevent cheating may actually encourage cheating — a person may feel “they don’t trust me anyway,” and be tempted to “beat the system”. Distrust can be contagious. But, so can trust!


tempt : v.

He tried to tempt me to cheat on the examination.

1) persuade (sb.) to do sth. wrong or foolish

I feel tempted to eat more than is good for my health.

2) attract

The warm sun tempted us to go out.

过时考试作弊对…过于严格通过能力测试学期论文开展一场运动出示身份证拍面部照片

out of style

cheat on examsbe hard on

pass competency tests

term paperlaunch a campaignproduce an ID cardtake a mug shot

过去的好时光 the good old days至于 in the case of

Useful Expressions

美国性格 American character

1.

2.

3.4.

5.6.7.8.

9.10.11.

12. 没有好下场13. 所得税

14. 绝大多数15. 监督委员会16. 社会各阶层17. 揭露不诚实行为18. 有起有伏

come to bad endsincome taxes

the vast majority of

watch-dog committee

all levels of societyreveal dishonesty

ebb and flow

19. 上升20. 减少

go upgo down

21. 对…有信心22. 防止作弊

gain confidence in

prevent cheating

Proverbs and Quotations

1. Honesty is the best policy.

诚实方为上策。

2. Honesty may be dear bought, but can never be an ill penny worth.

诚实或许代价很高，但决不会分文不值。

3. Don’t bury your head in the sand.

不要自欺欺人。

Before Reading Global Reading After ReadingDetailed Reading

4. Nothing is easier than to deceive oneself. — Demothenes, ancient Greek statesman

5. Honesty and diligence should be your eternal mates.— Benjamin Franklin, American President

再没有什么比欺骗自己更容易的了。 —— 古希腊政治家德摩西尼

诚实和勤勉应该成为你永久的伙伴。 —— 美国总统 B. 富兰克林

Before Reading Global Reading After ReadingDetailed Reading

Documents

Unit 8 Honesty: Is It Going out of Style?. Before Reading_1 Before ReadingGlobal ReadingAfter Reading Warm-up Questions 1.What does the video clip describe?