1. Three Types of Doctors 2. Careers in Medicine in the US Before Reading_Main Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 3. Warm-up Questions

1. Three Types of Doctors

2. Careers in Medicine in the US

Before Reading_Main

Before Reading Global Reading Detailed Reading After Reading

3. Warm-up Questions

General Practitioners

Researchers

Specialists

A general practitioner cares for patients with all kinds of illness. He may not have training in any one field of , but develops a wide knowledge of all kinds of illness. He babies, diagnoses diseases, surgery, and sets broken bones. The general practitioner often becomes extremely in the art of medical practice.


General Practitioners

Directions: Listen to the following paragraph and fill in the blanks.

special_______ medicine________delivers_______ performs_______

skillful_______

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Specialists

Directions: Listen to the following paragraph and fill in the blanks.

Certain fields of medicine require specialtraining and skill. One specialist is a surgeon, who treats diseases by means of operations. Some doctors prefer to treat only certain kinds of illness, thus becoming specialists in their fields. Other doctors often consult them when a patient needs their special skill and knowledge. For example, a general practitioner might refer a pregnant woman to an obstetrician. The obstetrician cares for her and delivers her baby. A pediatrician, who specializes indiseases, then takes over the care of the infant.

advanced________

surgical_______

chosen_______

childhood________

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Researchers

Some doctors do not practice medicine after they complete medical training. They prefer to devote their time to medical research. These doctors often help teach future physicians in medical schools. At the same time, they use the laboratories and hospital facilities of the medical schools to conduct research programs.

Many medical researchers work in large hospital centers, while many physicians conduct research programs in addition to their private practices.

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Careers in Medicine in the US

Directions: Listen to the paragraph and write down the steps to become a real doctor.To become a medical doctor in the US, one must

attend four years of college and receive a bachelor’s degree, followed by four years of medical school. Then he becomes an intern in a hospital and receives supervised practical training. As an intern, he has to “make rounds” with other doctors, visiting hospital patients. He is supposed to help give special treatments and answer emergency calls in the hospital at any time of day and night. Finally he becomes a resident at a hospital. Like the intern, he learns by observing the work of others. But the resident has much more responsibility than the intern. He often assists experienced surgeons during operations. In an emergency, he may take over the work of the staff surgeon. Internship and residency combined take three to five years,

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depending on one’s areas of specialization. Hospitals have several interns and many residents on their staff. A resident who is completing his / her residency period and who has thereby distinguished himself / herself is selected to be chief resident, a position of greater responsibility.

Keyto attend 4 years of medical college and receive a bachelor’s degree_______________________________________________________

followed by 4 years of medical school_______________________________

an intern in a hospital_________________

a resident at a hospital__________________

selected to be a chief resident ________________________


Warm-up Questions

It is busy, stable, clean exhausting, well-paid, respectable, responsible, etc.1. What do you think of a doctor’s life?

Medical Knowledge, sense of duty, self-confidence, rich experience, etc.

2. What makes a successful surgeon?

3. Have you ever been operated on? What do you think of the medical profession in China?

4. Do you want to be a doctor? Why or why not?

5. Are you afraid of making mistakes? What helps you overcome them? Can you give an example?

1. Part Division of the Text

2. Further Understanding

Questions and Answers

Oral Practice


For Part I

For Part II

Questions and AnswersFor Part III

Blank Filling

Multiple Choice

Head Matching

Part Division of the Text

Main IdeasLinesParts

1 1 — 9

2 10 — 45

3 46 — 52

The author raises the question and gives the answer.(Confidence is the key to success.)

The author supports the main idea by giving examples.

The author repeats and strengthens the main idea. (Conceit encourages a doctor in trying moments.)


When he can say to himself ,“There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently, treat just as well as or better than any other surgeon” — then, and not until then is he indeed a surgeon.



How does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a “surgeon”?

1. What question did Dr. Nolen ask himself as the year of his chief residency came to an end?

His answer was self-confidence.

2. What was his answer?

3. When can a doctor say to himself that he is indeed a surgeon?

Directions: Go through the first two paragraphs and answer the following questions.


Oral Practice

Go over paragraph three again and form a dialogue between a new resident at a hospital and one of his parents. He gives vent to his anxiety and his parents try to comfort him. Make full use of the information in this paragraph.


Blank Filling

Directions: Read the second part again and fill in the information to show the changes of the author.

Changes Past Now Reason for change

Sleeping Had trouble getting back to sleep.

_________________________

Sleeping was no longer a problem.__________________________

Learned to accept decision making as a constant problem for a surgeon and could live with it.

___________________________________________________________________________

Making decisions

Reviewed all the facts of the case and wondered if he had made a poor decision.

________________________________________________________________

Any decision he had made was bound to be a sound one.

_____________________________________________

Had knowledge and experience._____________________________


Changes Past Now Reason for change

During operation

There were butterflies in his stomach and he sweated through the operation.

___________________________________________________________

No need to sweat any more and could handle whatever he found.

____________________________________________________

Had the knowledge, the skill and the experience to handle any surgical situation in practice.

______________________________________________________________________________

Making mistakes

Was afraid of it._____________ Still dreaded errors—would do best to avoid them.

_________________________________________

Knew they were part of a surgeon’s life._________________________________


Multiple Choices

1. When he first became a resident, Dr. Nolen had trouble going to sleep because ____________.

A) he was not confident that he had made a right decisionB) he was nervous about what would happen to other doctorsC) he was waiting for the emergency callD) he was reviewing all the facts of a certain case

KEY

2. In the last month of his residency, sleeping was no longer a problem because ___________.

A) he has got used to the emergency callsB) he has learned to make no mistakesC) he has gained confidence in himselfD) he was sure that the decisions he had made were all sound ones

KEY


3. What can you infer from the sentence “I had sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures”?

A) The author has done all kinds of surgical operations.B) The author was very busy every day.C) The author was nervous in dealing with these operations.D) The author found his work very exciting.

KEY

4. Now the author has learned to __________.

A) take the sole responsibility for the mistake in judgmentB) avoid making mistakes in judgmentC) anticipate the problem in advanceD) take it easy when he has made a mistake

KEY


5. According to Dr. Nolen a surgeon needs conceit to____________.

A) answer the emergency callsB) bring him through times of doubt and uncertaintyC) perform a difficult operationD) live with his mistakes in judgment

KEY


Head MatchingThis text has seven paragraphs. Choose the suitable heading for each paragraph from the list of headings (1-7). Write the appropriate number after each heading. There are more headings than paragraphs so you will not use all of them.

I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XII.

The time when a doctor finally becomes a “surgeon”.Self-confidence is the key to the making of a surgeon.A surgeon needs conceit to encourage him.Decisions I had made were sound ones.Examples to show the lack of confidence.Dreaded the ringing of the telephone call.Had butterflies in stomach when performed operation.Not afraid of making mistakes.Equally confident in the operating room.Mistakes are part of a surgeon’s life.Sleeping was no longer a problem.Sweated over operations for five years.

II


Example Para 1 Answer I

Para 2 Para 3 Para 4 Para 5 Para 6 Para 7

___V___

XI ___IX___

VIII___

III___



What does the author want to emphasize in the last part?

Conceit encourages a doctor in trying moments.


A famous surgeon tells about the importance of self-confidence from his own experience.


How does a doctor recognize the point in time when he is finally a “surgeon”? As my year as chief resident drew to a close I asked myself this question on more than one occasion.

The answer, I concluded, was self-confidence. When you can say to yourself, “There is no surgical patient I cannot treat competently, treat just as well as or better than any other surgeon” — then, and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. I was nearing that point.

The Making of a Surgeon

SentenceSentence WordWord

Dr. Nolen






Dr. Nolen




Dr. Nolen



1. Why does the author use double negation here?

Double negation for emphatic purpose. 双重否定，表示强调。若改成肯定句后，语气变弱。

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2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.

我能胜任对任何外科病人的治疗，我的治疗和其他外科医生一样高明，甚至比其他医生更高明。




Dr. Nolen



making: n.

只有艰苦的工作才能造就他。SS

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1) the process of being made or coming into being

2) the qualities needed

He has the makings of a doctor.SS

Hard work will be the making of him.TT

The making of the Chinese is an interesting subject.

SS

Collocation: make believe 假装；假扮make for 匆匆走向；扑向make out 写出；辨认出；理解make up 补充；捏造，编造；组成make up for 补偿；弥补

Einstein had in him the makings of a great scientist.SS




Dr. Nolen



recognize: vt.

你变化太大了，我几乎认不出了。SS

I can hardly recognize you because you’ve changed such a lot.

TT

Jane recognized Mary in the photograph. SS

1) know or identify (somebody or something) again that one has

seen or heard before

2) admit or be willing to accept somebody or something as being real

They refused to recognize our government.SS

我们承认他的行为是不对的。SS

We recognized that his act was not right.TT




Dr. Nolen



draw to a close: come to an end, draw to an end

SS 这学期就快结束了。

TT This semester is drawing to a close.

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SS The debate drew to a close finally.




Dr. Nolen



conclude: vt.

The jury concluded that the man was not guilty.SS

医生们经过讨论，认为病人太虚弱，不宜手术。SS

1) come to believe after consideration of known facts

2) come or bring to an end

We concluded the meeting at 8 o’clock.SS

He concluded his speech by saying “thank you”.SS

Doctors concluded after the discussion that the patient was too weak to be operated on.

TT

NB: conclude 的名词形式是 conclusion。 conclusion 常与下面的动词、介词搭配，如：

arrive atcome to a draw a reach a

conclusion 得出结论

in conclusion 综上所述，总之jump to a conclusion 轻率地下结论

我们 8 点结束了会议。TT




Dr. Nolen


voyage


SS

treat: vt.

It is said that he was being treated for a rare skin disease.

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SS 西医往往是治标不治本。TT Western medicine tends to treat symptoms and not cause.

use drugs, exercises, etc. in order to cure a person of a disease or heal an injure

treat, cure & heal 这三个动词都有“ 治疗，诊治”的意思。

treat 指为某人诊断治疗，强调治疗过程，不强调治疗结果。cure 指治愈，治好，使病人恢复健康。heal 尤指伤口痊愈，治愈。

CF:

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the form where necessary.

1. Which doctor is her for her illness?

2. Doctor him of his disease.

3. The wound is not yet.

4. It is said that rest in bed may a cold.

5. I will take three months for the broken bone to up.

treating_______

cured______

healed________

cure_____

heal____



Take, for example, the emergency situations that we encountered almost every night. The first few months of the year I had dreaded the ringing of the telephone. I knew it meant another critical decision to be made. Often, after I had told Walt or Larry what to do in a particular situation, I’d have trouble getting back to sleep. I’d review all the facts of the case and, not infrequently, wonder if I hadn’t made a poor decision. More than once at two or three in the morning, after lying awake for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself. It was the only way I could find the peace of mind I needed to relax.






1. Who are Walt and Larry?

Walt and Larry are pet names for Walter and Lawrence, two very common English names. Here the author only means that after he had told this person or that person what to do…

2. Can you offer them an equivalent Chinese translation?

张三李四

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Why doesn’t the author use “frequently” instead of “not infrequently”?

这里的 not infrequently 等于 frequently 。此种用法是双重否定，等于肯定，目的是加强语气。 not + 带否定的前缀词是一种常见的双重否定结构，表示肯定的意思。



He doesn’t feel improper at all.SS

This is not unreasonable.SS

TT 他根本不觉得有什么不妥。

TT 这不是没道理的。




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SS

encounter: vt.

他们在旅行中遇到许多困难。

SS I encountered an old friend of mine on my way home.

TT They encountered many difficulties during their trip.

meet unexpectedly, be faced with (something bad, especially a danger or difficulty)

encounter & meet这两个动词都有“碰到、遇到”的意思。

encounter 注重强调一种偶然和意外，还强调遭遇之意。meet 是常用词，不如 encounter 正式。

CF:


1. Many men were lost in the forest when they a lion.

2. It was so kind of you to come all the way to us.

3. They the enemy in border clashes.

encountered__________

meet_____

encountered__________



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SS

critical: adj.

We are at a critical time in our history.

SS 他的情况很危险。TT His condition is reported as being critical.

1) of a crisis; at a turning point of danger or difficulty

SS He made a critical remark on the latest shown film.

SS 她用挑剔的眼光去看每一件事。TT She looks on everything with a critical eye.

2) finding fault, judging severely



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have trouble doing something: have difficulty (in) doing somethingSS 我的汽车发动不起来。

TT The little boy has trouble getting the ball moving.

SS 这小男孩转不动球。TT I had trouble getting my car started.

Collocation: have difficulty (in) doing something 做某事有困难have good time doing something 有足够时间做某事have problem doing something 做某事有问题have fun doing something 做某事有趣



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SS The music will help you relax.

TT Let’s relax ourselves by going on a picnic.

SS 我们今天去野餐，放松一下。

relax: v. become less active or rigid



Now, in the last month of my residency, sleeping was no longer a problem. There were still situations in which I couldn’t be certain my decision had been the right one, but I had learned to accept this as a constant problem for a surgeon, one that could never be completely resolved — and I could live with it. So, once I had made a considered decision, I no longer dwelt on it. Reviewing it wasn’t going to help and I knew that with my knowledge and experience, any decision I’d made was bound to be a sound one. It was a nice feeling.

In the operating room I was equally confident. I knew I had the knowledge, the skill, the experience to handle any surgical situation I’d ever encounter in practice. There were no more butterflies in my stomach when I opened up an abdomen or a chest. I knew that even if the case was one in which it was impossible to anticipate the problem in advance, I could handle whatever I found. I’d sweated through my share of stab wounds of the belly, of punctured lungs, of compound fractures. I had sweated over them for five years. I didn’t need to sweat any more.








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1. What does it refer to?

It refers to the things mentioned above. 即医生不敢确定自己做的决定是否正确是常有的事，这个问题永远也无法完全解决。


在某些情况下我仍然不能确定自己做的决定是否正确，但我已学会把这看成是一名外科医生经常会遇到的问题，一个永远也无法完全解决的问题——我已能适应它了。





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Paraphrase the sentence.

I was no longer nervous or anxious when I was performing an operation.





1. Paraphrase the sentence.

I had been nervous and anxious while painstakingly treating the serious wounds such as stab wounds in the abdomen, punctured lungs and compound fractures. I had been nervous for five years and I needn’t be so nervous any more.


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在我手上，我战战兢兢地治疗过像腹部刺伤、肺部穿孔以及复合性骨折等病例。这类外科手术我已经战战兢兢地干了五年，现在我不必再担惊受怕了。




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constant: adj.

Constant changes of the society make some people feel puzzled and at a loss about what to do.

SS

他总是抱怨头痛。SS


1) happening all the time; continuous

TT He has a constant complaint about his headache.

Temperature is at a constant 26 degrees in this room.SS

2) fixed, unchanging



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resolve: vt.

One way to resolve the present financial problem is to practice economy.

SS

两国的纠纷已经和平解决了。SS

TT The dispute between the two countries has been resolved peacefully.

1) find an answer to

2) decide or determine

The Cabinet met to resolve the crisis.SS

TT 内阁开会以解决危机。

John resolved that nothing could hold him back. SS

CF:

resolve 主要指对问题或情况进行细微的分析或思索，以得出结论或找到解决途径。例如：

resolve& solve这两个动词均含“解决”之意。

solve 普通用词，含义广，指为有一定难度的问题找到满意的答复。例如：The teacher teaches his students to solve a mathematical equation.

SS

TT 那位教师教他的学生解数学方程式。

他决心要成功。SS

TT He resolved to succeed.



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live with: accept something unpleasant without complaint

SS

我们不喜欢史密斯的课，但是为了能够毕业，我们不得不忍受。

我不能忍受噪音了。

TT We don’t like Professor Smith’s class, but we have to live with it in order to graduate.

SS



TT I can’t live with the noise.

Collocation: live for 为…而生活live high 过奢侈生活live up to 遵守（诺言）；不辜负（期望）；live with oneself 保持自尊心



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dwell on: think about; speak or write a lot about

SS

不要再过多地思考过去。过去的就让它过去吧。

The speaker dwelt on that subject for more than one hour.

TT Don’t dwell so much on your past. Let bygones be bygones.SS





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bound:

SS

只要你像我一样努力，你一定会成功的 .

Hitler was bound to fail because of evil acts.

TT You are bound to succeed if you work as hard as me.

SS



1. adj.

1) be certain; be sure

2) going (for, to) SS The bus is bound for Shanghai at 2:30.

2. vi. jump upward or forward

SS

他欣喜万分。

The ball struck the wall and bounded back to me.

TT His heart bounded with joy.

SS



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sound: adj.

要任何人在任何时候都做出正确的判断并非易事。TT It is not easy for anyone to make sound

judgment at anytime.

SS



1) not wrong, based on reason

2) in good condition; healthy, without disease or damage

SS The missing boy returned home yesterday safe and sound.

我怀疑他头脑是否清楚。TT I wonder if he is sound in his mind.SS



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handle: vt. deal with; treat or manage一位称职的老师应该知道如何管理学生。

TTA qualified teacher should know how to handle students in class.

SS



SS 我们俩都会骑自行车了。

Handle with care for there are glass cups inside.

TT We both can handle our bicycles.SS

CF:

handle 从原义“手柄”，引申作“处理”解时，意思是管理和操纵。manage 指处理日常事务与工作，也可指经营管理。deal with 既可指处理具体事情，也可指处理或解决具有抽象意义的问题。cope with 指成功地处理或对付更为重大，更为严重的问题或事物。

handle, manage, deal with & cope with 这些动词或短语都含有“处理，对付”之意。


1) I'm sorry I'm late. I had an urgent call to .deal with________

2) Kerry has been asked to a new department. manage________

3) Local authorities have to the problems of homelessness. cope with________

4) The police the traffic very efficiently.handle______



butterflies in one’s stomach: feel nervous or anxious


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当我第一次站在公众面前时，心里紧张极了。TT I had butterflies in my stomach when I first stood in front of the

public.

SS

SS The young violinist always has butterflies in his stomach whenever he performs.




anticipate: vt. see beforehand


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Don’t anticipate your income before you finish the job.

TT He anticipates a beautiful evening.

SS

SS 他期待着一个美丽的夜晚。

NB:anticipate 后面不可加不定式，可跟动名词和名词。例如：

TT 你预料会有麻烦吗 ?

Do you anticipate meeting any trouble?SS




in advance: beforehand; before in time; ahead of time


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他事先去定了票。

TT He went to book the ticket in advance.

SS

It is unwise to spend your salary in advance.SS




over: prep. during; while engaged in, in the course of


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他们边喝茶边谈话。

TT They talked over tea.

SS

The repairman was so tired that he fell asleep over his work.

SS




Nor was I afraid of making mistakes. I knew that when I was out in practice I would inevitably err at one time or another and operate on someone who didn’t need surgery or sit on someone who did. Five years earlier — even one year earlier — I wouldn’t have been able to live with myself if I had had to take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment. Now I could. I still dreaded errors — would do my best to avoid them — but I knew they were part of a surgeon’s life. I could accept this fact with calmness because I knew that if I wasn’t able to avoid a mistake, chances were that no other surgeon could have, either.

This all sounds conceited and I guess it is — but a surgeon needs conceit. He needs it to encourage him in trying moments when he’s bothered by the doubts and uncertainties that are part of the practice of medicine. He has to feel that he’s as good as and probably better than any other surgeon in the world. Call it conceit — call it self-confidence; whatever it was, I had it.








Put this sentence into its normal order.

I was not afraid of making mistakes either. nor “的意思是而”且，也不，相当于 neither。 nor若放在句首，句子需部分倒装。


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1. Why does the author say that he would err at one time or another?

Because it is part of a surgeon’s life.


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2. Paraphrase the sentence.I knew it clearly that I would make mistakes sometimes when I was in practice in the future. That mistake might be that I would operate on someone who didn’t need surgery or neglect someone who needed it urgently.


我知道，在我出去开业行医时，说不定什么时候我会不可避免地出差错。我会给不需要手术的病人开刀，也可能会把急需手术的病人忽略过去。



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operate on: (of a doctor) performs a surgical operation on someoneSS Doctors decided to operate on the wounded soldier at once.

他的胃必须动手术。SS



TT He will have to have his stomach operated on.




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sit on: neglect; do nothing about

我们不应忽视那些急需我们帮助的人。SS


TT We shouldn’t sit on those people who need our help urgently.

SS I sent my complaints to the store manager just in time, but he had sit on it for a long time.

Collocation: sit down 坐下sit for 参加sit up 熬夜sit in 静坐示威sit in on 列席，旁听





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responsibility: n. duty, obligation

他拒绝为错误承担责任。SS

TT He refused all the responsibility for the mistake.SS Everyone should learn to take responsibility for his

own actions.Collocation:

accept (a)assume (a)take (a) responsibility for share (the) bear (the) exercise (the)

承担责任

refuse ( the) responsibility forshirk (the)

拒绝、逃避责任





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chances are / were (that): it is / was likely (that)

他有可能要摔下来。SS

Chances were that they had departed.SS

TT Chances are that he will fall down.





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trying moments: moments that try one’s nerves

Every one may have trying moments in his lifetime.SS





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bother: v. annoy; trouble; worry

不要烦我了，让我安静会儿吧。SS

Don’t bother me with so many foolish questions.

SS

TT Don’t bother me. Just leave me alone.

别为我的早饭操心，这儿有什么我就吃什么。SS

TT Don’t bother about my breakfast. I’ll eat what is here.

CF:

bother 指使人烦恼，引起的紧张不安或感到不耐烦。例如：

disturb 较正式用词，多用被动态。指扰乱，使人不能平静或妨碍别人工作、思维或正常秩序，是程度较深的烦恼。例如：

bother, disturb, trouble & annoy 这些动词均有“使人不安或烦恼”之意。

I'm sorry to bother you, but could you tell me the way to the station?

SS

TT 对不起打扰一下 , 请问去车站怎么走 ?

Before closing the door to his office, he told his secretary that he was not to be disturbed.

SS

TT 在关上办公室门前，他告诉秘书不要打扰他。





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trouble 指给人在行动上带来不便或在身心上造成痛苦。例如：

annoy 强调因被迫忍受令人不快、讨厌的事而失去平静或耐心，多指一时的打扰或恼怒。例如：

She suffers memory lapses that trouble her children. SS

TT 她患上记忆力衰退症，这让她的孩子很忧虑。

The sound of footsteps on the bare floor annoyed the downstairs neighbors.

SS

TT 楼上地板传来的脚步声吵得楼下住户心烦。


1. Interview

2. Summary Writing

3. Useful Expressions

4. Word Matching

5. Multiple Choices

6. Spot Dictation

7. Writing Practice

8. Talking About the Pictures

9. Proverbs and Quotations


Interview

Suppose you are a journalist, and your partner is a successful surgeon. Ask him / her some questions such as:

1. Why did you lose a lot of sleep at night during the first few months of the year as a chief resident?

2. What did you do to find the peace of mind you need to relax?3. How did you come to think that you didn’t sweat anymore?4. Why weren’t you afraid of making mistakes when you were out in practice?5. What made you a successful surgeon?


Summary Writing

Dr. Nolen believes that (自信是外科医生成功的关键 ) . When you can say to yourself (我完全有能力治疗所有的外科病人 ) “ ,” then ， and not until then, you are indeed a surgeon. In the first few months of the year, he dreaded (听到急诊电话的铃声 ) . He often wondered that he had made a poor decision. Now he is confident both in making decisions and in the operating room for he is sure that (以他的知识和经验，他可以应付遇到的所有的病例 )

Moreover, he is not afraid of making mistakes. He has learned to (承担判

断上失误的全部责任 ) ,because mistakes are part of a surgeon’s life. He has got conceit to(帮他度过难熬的时刻 )

self-confidence is the key to the making of a surgeon______________________________________________self-confidence is the key to the making of a surgeon______________________________________________

There is no surgical patient I can’t treat competently___________________________________________

the ringing of the emergency calls___________________________

he had the knowledge and experience to handle any surgical situation he’d encounter___________________________________________________________________________.

take sole responsibility for a mistake in judgment_____________________________________________

encourage him in trying moments___________________________.

1. 及时

2. 自信心

3. 即将结束

4. 不止一次…

5. 做决定

6. 在某一特定的情况下

7. 不妥当的决定

8. 寻找内心的平静

in time

self-confidence

draw to a close

on more than one occasion

make a decision

in a particular situation

a poor decision

find the peace of mind

Useful Expressions


9. 深思熟虑的决定

10. 手术室

11. 经常遇到的问题

12. 开业

13. 提前14. 容忍

15. 说不定何时

16. 承担全部责任

a considered decision

the operating room

a constant problem

be in practice

in advance

live with

at one time or another

take sole responsibility for


17. 判断上的失误

18. 考验人的时刻

19. 为某人做手术

20. 生活中的一部分

a mistake in judgment

trying moments

operate on someone

be part of one’s life



Word Matching

fear

meet

rest

solve

correct

see beforehand

manage

unavoidable

dread

encounter

relax

resolve

sound

anticipate

handle

inevitable


only

annoy, trouble

difficult

tolerate

come to an end

ahead of time

make mistakes

of surgery

sole

bother

trying

live with

draw to a close

in advance

err

surgical

escape avoid


Multiple Choices

1. I can accept the fact with ____________.

A. silence B. calmness C. quietness D. taciturn

KEY

2. It’s my ___________ opinion that you should resign.

A. considered B. considering C. considerate D. thought

KEY

Choose ONE best answer for each of the following sentences.


3. There is no patient I can’t _______ competently, treat just as well as or better than any surgeon.

A. cure B. heal C. operate D. treat

KEY

4. I knew it was impossible to ________ the problem in advance; I could handle whatever I found.

A. participate B. predict C. anticipate D. foresee

KEY


5. After lying ______ for an hour, I’d get out of bed, dress and drive to the hospital to see the patient myself.

A. awake B. waken C. waking D awaking

KEY

6. As my year as chief resident _________ I asked myself this question on more than one occasion.

A. drew to an end B. drew to a close C. drew near the end D. drew to a conclusion

KEY


7. I had trouble___________ my car started this morning.

A. to get B. to getting C. of getting D. getting

KEY

8. She is hard to please and always looks at everything with _______ eyes.

A. critic B criticism C. critical D. criticized

KEY


9. He has to __________ the fact that he is no longer healthy.

A. live on B. live with C. live up to D. live for

KEY

10. I am afraid I have _______ you with a great many questions.

A. upset B. annoyed C. bored D. bothered

KEY


Spot Dictation

Directions: Listen to the passage and fill in the blanks.

Medicine is the science and art of healing. Medicine is a science because it is based on gained through careful study and experimentation. It is an art because it depends on how doctors and other medical workers apply this knowledge when dealing with patients.

The goals of medicine are to lives, to relieve suffering, and to

the dignity of ill individuals. For this reason, medicine has long been one of the most professions. Thousands of men and women who work in the medical profession spend their lives caring for the sick.

When strikes, hospital workers rush emergency aid to the injured. When epidemics , doctors and nurses work to prevent the spread of disease. Researchers in the medical profession continually search for better ways of

knowledge_________skillfully_______

save______maintain_______

respected_________

disaster________threaten_______

fighting_______disease.

■


A Brief Introduction

Writing Practice — Parallelism

Parallelism is used for the following effects: to gain emphasis; to create a pleasant rhythm in a prose passage; and to cut down on the number of words needed to express an idea.

Parallel structure means using the same pattern of words to show that two or more ideas have the same level of importance. This can happen at the word, phrase, or clause level. The usual way to join parallel structures is with the use of coordinating conjunctions such as “and” or “or”.


Examples:

Mary likes hiking, swimming, and bicycling. (-ing forms) Mary likes to hike, to swim, and to ride a bicycle. (Infinitive)The production manager was asked to write his report quickly, accurately, and thoroughly. (Adverbs)The young film star was tall, dark, and handsome. (Adjectives)

Phrases Buying a car and beginning her job were the next steps in her life. (-ing phrases)The teacher said that he was a poor student because he waited until the last minute to study for the exam, completed his lab problems in a careless manner, and lacked motivation. (Past tense phrases)

Single words:


ClausesThe coach told the players that they should get a lot of sleep, not eat too much, and do some warm-up exercises before the game.

The salesman expected that he would present his product at the meeting, that there would be time for him to show his slide presentation, and that prospective buyers would ask him questions.


1. Phuong Tran has wit, charm, and she has an extremely pleasant personality.Phuong Tran has wit, charm, and a pleasing personality.

Homework

Directions: Rewrite the following sentences to correct any faulty parallelism.

2. In English class, Tony learned to read poems critically and she appreciated good prose.

In English class, Tony learned to read poems critically and to appreciate good prose.

3. Rose's QPA is higher than Ralph.

Rose's QPA is higher than Ralph's.

4. He wanted three things out of college: to learn a skill, to make good friends, and learning about life.

He wanted three things out of college: to learn a skill, to make good friends, and to learn about life.


5. Coach Wang was a brilliant strategist, a caring mentor, and friend.Coach Wang was a brilliant strategist, a caring mentor, and a good friend.

6. We found the film repulsive, offensive, and we thought it was embarrassing.

We found the film repulsive, offensive, and embarrassing.

7. Mr. Hampton kept his store clean, neat, and he made it conveniently arranged.

Mr. Hampton kept his store clean, neat, and conveniently arranged.

8. Professor Ann rewarded her students for working hard on the final project and going beyond the call of duty.

Professor Ann rewarded her students for their hard work on the final project and going beyond the call of duty.


Talking About the Pictures

Self-confidence is the Making of a Surgeon. In the past… Now…

Mistakes! No! They are part of a surgeon’s life…


Self-confidence is the Making of a Surgeon.


In the past…


Now…


Mistakes! No! They are part of a surgeon’s life…

Proverbs and Quotations

1. The secret of success is constancy to purpose.

成功的秘诀是目标坚定。

2. Hard and honest work is the surest way to success.

艰辛而诚实的工作是可靠的成功之路。

3. Behind every successful man there are a lot of unsuccessful years.

每个成功者的身后，都有许多不成功的岁月。


4.

Success is never final and failure never fatal. It is courage that counts.

肤浅的人相信运气，成功的首要秘诀是自信。

没有最终的成功，也没有致命的失败。决定的因素是勇气。


Shallow men believe in luck. Self-trust is the first secret of success.

5.

Self-distrust is the cause of most of our failures.

绝大多数的失败均因缺乏自信。

6.

Documents

1. Three Types of Doctors 2. Careers in Medicine in the US Before Reading_Main Before ReadingGlobal ReadingDetailed ReadingAfter Reading 3. Warm-up Questions