UNIT 7 GRAMMARPRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

• USOS:- En acciones pasadas que guardan algo de relación con el presente.

Ex: I have studied in this school since 2008. (sigue estudiando…)- En acciones pasadas que afectan al presente o tienen consecuencias en el

momento en el que se habla.Ex: I have run 3 kms and I´m tired. (acaba de hacer los 3kms)

- En acciones muy recientes (lleva JUST y se traduce “acabar de”).Ex: I have just arrived home – acabo de llegar a casa.

PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE

TRADUCCIÓN: I have eaten – he comidoFORMAS:Afirmativa: suj + have/has + participle

ex: I have swept my houseNegativa: suj + have not (haven´t) / has not (hasn´t) + participle

ex: She hasn´t done her homeworkInterrogativa: (wh) have/has + suj + participle

ex: have you had any unusual pets?*respuestas breves = yes, I have / No, I haven´t

USO DE ADVERBIOS CON PRESENT PERFECT

• EVER = alguna vez. Se usa en frases interrogativas y se sitúa entre have y el participio Ex. Have you ever held a snake?

• NEVER = nunca. Se sitúa entre have y participio. Ex: I have never eaten fish.

• ALWAYS = siempre. También situado entre have y part. Ex. I have alwaystrained hard.

• JUST = acabar de. También entre have y part. Ex: I have just met him.

USO DE ADVERBIOS CON PRESENT PERFECT

• YET = Siempre se sitúa al final de la frase. En frases negativas significa “todavía, aún” mientras que en interrrogativas significa “ya”.

Ex: I haven´t eaten yet (todavía) / Have you studied yet? (ya)

ALREADY = ya. En afirmativas se sitúa entre have y participio mientras que en interrogativa puede aparecer además al final de la pregunta.Ex: Have you studied already? Have you already studied?

USO DE ADVERBIOS CON PRESENT PERFECT

• RECENTLY : recientemente • LATELY: últimamente

Siempre situados al final de la frase.

Exs. Have they been here recently?I haven´t seen them lately

FOR/SINCE

• FOR: Indica la duración de la acción y se traduce como “durante” o “desde hace” Ex: I have studied in the USA for 10 years

• SINCE: indica el momento en el que empezó la acción. Se traduce como “desde”. Ex: I haven´t seen him since Tuesday.

EXERCISE 1: TRANSLATE

• 1. Mi hermana ha bebido alcohol.Af. Neg. Int.

2. Tus amigos han guardado el secreto.Af. Neg. Int.

SOLUTIONS EXERCISE 1

• 1.• Af: My sister has drunk alcohol• Neg: My sister hasn´t drunk alcohol• Int: has my sister drunk alcohol?

• 2.• Af: your friends have kept the secret• Neg: your friends haven´t kept the secret• Int: have your friends kept the secret?

EXERCISE 2 COMPLETE USINGADVERBS

• USE EVER, NEVER, ALWAYS, ALREADY, YET, JUST.

• 1. Have your parents …………. travelled to New York? No, they have ……… travel to NY.

• 2. Paul hasn´t done his homework ………. • 3. I can hear my dady´s car in the garage. I think he has ………… arrived.• 4. Have you prepared the food ……..?

SOLUTIONS EXERCISE 2

• 1. EVER / NEVER• 2. YET• 3. ALREADY or JUST• 4. YET or ALREADY

EXERCISE 3. WRITE FOR OR SINCEIN THE EMPTY GAPS.

• 1. I have studied English ………… 2006• 2. My friend has lived in Málaga …….. 8 years• 3. I haven´t seen John ……….. Years• 4. I have fallen in love with her ……….. the first time I saw her

SOLUTIONS EXERCISE 3

• 1. since• 2. for• 3. for• 4. since