Unit 3 Unit 3 Whatever Whatever Happened toHappened to

Manners?Manners?

Unit 3 Unit 3 Whatever Whatever Happened toHappened to

Manners?Manners?

Contents• Pre-reading questions• Background information• Language points • Structure analysis

Text I Whatever Happened to

Manners?• Pre-reading questions

1.Do you often say “Thank you” when others do you a favor?

2. What do you think a good manner really is?

Table MannersTable MannersChina vs. AmericaChina vs. AmericaTable MannersTable MannersChina vs. AmericaChina vs. America

Eating Habits in China• Sample every dish on table• When eating rice hold bowl close

to mouth• Eat lightly at meals, could be up to

20 courses

Eating Habits in America

• Food is passed to the right• Try little of everything• Keep table cloth clean• Food lifted to mouth• Repulsive to talk with mouth full• No elbows on table

China’s Chopsticks • Chopsticks for

eating rice• Polite if try to use

chopsticks• Bad luck in set

parallel on top of bowl, or dropped

• Rude if chopsticks are stuck straight up in bowl

Americans Utensils• Start with the outer

utensils, and work in towards your plate

• Only spoon provided is soup spoon

• Salad fork has thicker tine at left

• Fish fork and knife• Most inner fork and

knife are for meat• If tea or coffee or

going to be served a teaspoon will be brought out with it

Chinese Hot Towel

• Tot towel is provided at end of meal• So one can wipe hands and mouth at en

d of meal

American Napkin

• Once seated put napkin on lap

• Only meant to dab the lips and not get dirty

• After meal place napkin loosely near plate

• Napkin should not be crumpled or twisted

• At informal occasion is used to clean up mess that occurred during meal

Chinese Table Manners• Not rude to reach in

front of someone to grab something

• Polite to reach for food with chopsticks

• Chinese host like to put food on your plate for you

• Place bones or seeds in different dish

• Your host will fill up your dish if it is empty

• Never take the last bit from a serving dish

American Table Manners

• Food is passed around the table

• If something is out of your reach, you ask politely for someone to pass it to you

• Not rude to leave plate full

• Not rude to leave your plate empty

• Not rude to take last item off dish

Business Table Manners in China

• Banquets start around 6:30-7:00 p.m.

• Last about 2 hours

• Arrive 30 minuets before you guests

• Business is not always discussed during a meal

• Never eat before your host

• Return the favor

Business Table Manners in America

• Arrive early, especially if you are the host

• Pay for the meal in advance

• Courteous to hold the door open for male and female

• Business is discussed during the meal

Special Occasions in China

• Big elaborate meals• Usually held at restaurants that

consist of 10 or more courses• Rice is not served

Special Occasions in America

• Usually only gather for special occasions or holidays

• Families travel across country for special meals

• Extra cooking and preparing

Values in China• Still have customs and traditions• Have not let things become

unimportant• Significance into their meals• Personal approach

Values in America• Manners surround being polite and

proper• Traditions have become unimportant

thus have forgotten about them• No customs in table manners, only

what looks nice• No significance

Language points

appreciate: vt.1) recognize with gratitude; be grateful for

e.g. We appreciate your helping us.

e.g. There’s no point buying him expensive wines — he doesn’t appreciate them.

2) to recognize or understand that something is valuable, important or as described

Derivations:

appreciation: n. appreciative: adj.

Synonyms:

enjoy, understand

Comparison:

appreciate: It means “to be thankful or grateful for something,” as well as “to like or value something for its good qualities.”

e.g. We really appreciate all the help you gave us last weekend.

appreciate, enjoy

pull out:

e.g. A car suddenly pulled out in front of me.一辆汽车突然横冲到我面前。

1) (of a motor vehicle, boat, etc.) to move out of a sideways

2) to leave or depart

e.g. When I arrived, the train was pulling out of the station.

gracious: adj.1) behaving in a pleasant, polite, calm way

e.g. The losing team were gracious in defeat. He was most gracious to everyone, smiling and thanking them.

Synonyms: courteous, nice

2) characterized by kindness and warm courtesy especially of a king to his subjects

e.g. The queen was gracious enough to invite us.女王亲切地邀请了我们。He is gracious to his inferiors.他待下级和蔼可亲。

priceless: adj. describing an object which has such a high value, especially because it is rare, that the price of it cannot be calculated

e.g. In its spacious halls are displayed over 8,000 priceless relics.在它宽敞的大厅里，展出了 8000 多件珍贵文物。Her one priceless asset is her unflappability.她有一点是非常难能可贵的，就是她遇事冷静。

Synonym: precious

Comparison:priceless, precious

e.g. Pandas are precious creatures.熊猫是珍贵的动物。

priceless: refering to something that is worth a lot of money or can not be calculated in monetary termsprecious: emphasizing the fact that something is valuable, rare and important, and should not be wasted, lost or used badly

e.g. You should make good use of every precious minute to study.

你应很好利用宝贵的每一分钟去学习。

Her knowledge and experience would make her a priceless (= extremely useful) asset to the team.

她的知识和经历对于整个团队来说是无价之宝。

panache: n. a stylish, original and very confident way of doing things that makes people admire you

e.g. The orchestra played with great panache.交响乐团的演奏十分优雅动听。

Synonyms:

dash, style, elegance

complimentary: adj. praising or expressing admiration for someonecompliment: n.

compliment vt. to praise or express admiration for someone

Collocation:

compliment sb. on sth.

e.g. I must compliment you on your handling of a very difficult situation.

Synonyms:praise, applaud, flatter

Derivations:

compliment, complement

Comparison:

praise somebody for something

compliment:

make something else seem better or more attractive when combining with it

complement:

put off: to hold back to a later time

e.g. She keeps putting off going to the dentist.她老是拖延着不去看牙病。Don’t put off until tomorrow what can be done today.今日事今日做。

Synonyms:postpone, delay, prolong

irritation: n. when someone is made angry or annoyed, the person tends to develop irritation or feel annoyed by a source of irritation or annoyance

e.g. The traffic noise is a constant irritation to city dwellers.车辆的噪音对城市居民是永无止境的骚扰。

Derivations:

irritate vt.irritable adj.irritating adj.

punctuality n. the quality or habit of being on time

e.g.Our boss urged on us the significance of punctuality.老板向我们强调守时的重要性。

Derivation:

punctual adj.

count1) vt. to say the names of numbers one after the other i

n order, or to calculate the number of people or things in a group

e.g. Count your money carefully to make sure it’s all there.

2) vi. to have value or importance; to matter

e.g. I’ve always believed that happiness counts more than money.My opinion doesn’t count for anything around here (= no one values my opinion).

Collocations:count sb. in: to include someone in an activity or arrangement

“Do you want to come swimming tomorrow?” “Yes, count me in.”

count on sb.: to be confident that you can depend on someone

I can count on my parents to help me.

e.g.

e.g.

Derivation:

countable adj.

cherish1) vt. to love, protect and care for someone or something

that is important to youe.g. One of our cherished privileges is the right of free sp

eech.我们所珍视的权利之一是言论自由。Although I cherish my children, I do allow them their independence.

2) vt. to keep hopes, memories or ideas in your mind because they are important to you and bring you pleasure

e.g. I cherish the memories of the time we spent together.我们在一起的时光珍藏在我的记忆当中。

Synonyms:care for, treasure, value

routine:1) adj. ordinary and not special or unusual

e.g. It was a rather routine performance.那是很一般的演出。

2) n. a usual or fixed way of doing things

e.g. They did it as a matter of routine.他们那样做只是例行公事。

I take for granted that you have read this book.We must not take our parents’ care for granted. 我们不能认为父母的关心是理所当然的。

take … for granted: 1) take sth. for granted: to believe something to be tru

e without even thinking about it

e.g. I didn’t realize that Melanie hadn’t been to college — I suppose I just took it for granted.

2) take sth. or sb. for granted: if you take situations or people for granted, you do not realize or show that you are grateful for how much you get from them

e.g.

Synonyms:assume, presume

infectious: adj.

1) able to pass a disease from one person, animal or plant to another

e.g. Flu is an infectious disease characterized by fever, aches and pains and exhaustion.流感是一种传染病，其特征是发热、全身疼痛和疲乏无力。

2) describing something that has an effect on everyone who is present and makes them want to join in

e.g. He expressed infectious enthusiasm to his voters.他对他的选民表现出的热情很有感染力。

What is this essay concerned with?

Text analysis

This essay is concerned with the necessity and significance of good manners.

(1) the main idea is used as the main framework of the text;

(2) the deductive method is employed in most of the paragraphs;

1. How is the essay organized?

Structural analysis

The essay is organized chiefly by means of the following methods:

(3) the writer’s personal experiences and some typical examples are made good use of as convincing evidence;

(4) some key phrases, each of which stands in a single line, are used as subtitles.

The writer puts forward her viewpoint: nowadays, many people show a lack of good manners; they are less friendly or less polite than people in the past.

2. Work out the structure of the text by completing the table.

Paragraph(s) Main idea

1

The writer raises and proves her opinion: good manners are a sort of hidden beauty secret, which can make one feel better with a nice image.

2-4

Paragraph(s) Main idea

The writer points out and illustrates the favorable influence of some specific good manners on the receivers.

5-10

The writer concludes that good manners are infectious; meanwhile, she expresses her sincere wish for a polite society.

11

Detailed Reading

• 护肤 : skin care• 洗面奶 : facial cleanser/face wash(foaming,milky,cream,g

el)• 爽肤水 : toner• 紧肤水： firming lotion• 柔肤水： toner/smoothing toner • 护肤霜 : moisturizers and creams• 隔离霜，防晒： sun screen/sun block• 美白： whitening• 日霜： day cream 晚霜： night cream• 眼霜 : eye gel• 面膜 : facial mask/masque 眼膜 : eye mask• 沐浴露 : wash 洗发水 : shampoo 护发素 : hair conditioner

• 彩妆 : cosmetics

• 粉底 : foundation (compact,stick)

• 粉饼 : pressed powder 散粉： loose powder

• 眉笔： brow pencil

• 眼线液（眼线笔）： liquid eye liner, eye liner

• 眼影 : eye shadow

• 睫毛膏 : mascara

• 唇线笔 : lip liner唇膏 : lip color/lipstick

• 腮红 : blush

• 卸装水 : makeup remover卸装乳 : makeup removing lotion

• 修指甲 : manicure/pedicure

• 指甲油 : nail polish/color/enamel

• 去甲油： nail polish remover 护甲液： nail saver