UNIT #2 – INDUSTRIALIZATION

LESSON #2 -New Inventions and

Free Enterprise (94-95)

New Plan for Composition Book:

NEW VOCABULARY

• Thomas Edison

• Menlo Park

• Alexander Graham Bell

• Laissez-Faire

• Free Enterprise System

• Entrepreneurs

ESSENTIAL QUESTIONS

1. What was America’s role in the “second” industrial revolution?

2. What type of man was the typical entrepreneur in this time?

Intro to lesson

• What is an invention?

• Give examples.

• What’s the most amazing invention you’ve ever seen?

• What’s the most amazing invention you know exists, but you’ve never seen?

• What SHOULD be invented?

Intro to lesson

• What is an invention?

• Give examples.

• What’s the most amazing invention you’ve ever seen?

• What’s the most amazing invention you know exists, but you’ve never seen?

• What SHOULD be invented, that nobody’s yet done successfully?

Start of Industrial Revolution

(England, 1750)

• Most people were living on farms

• Life was hard, but families were close

• Population explosion in late 1700s led to:

– Lots of people willing to work for cheap

• Too many people on farms to sustain population

• People moved to cities, for new opportunity

– Lots of people needing products

• From this, the Industrial Revolution was born

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The “second” Industrial Revolution

• Immigration and births after Civil War

• American industry EXPLODED

• Great men with great minds and great ideas appeared

• They were usually born poor

• But saw opportunity

• Worked hard

• Demanded excellence

• And became self made millionaires

• Powerful… rich men

• Others invented amazing new inventions…

(in USA)

Inventors of America

• Thomas Edison

– “The Wizard of Menlo Park” (NJ

• Research facility

– Famous from invention of phonograph (1877)

– And lightbulb (1879)

• Alexander Graham Bell

– Experimented with transmitting sound

– Invented the telephone (1876)

Other big American inventions

• In Menlo Park– Battery

– Motion picture

• Cyrus Field– Trans-Atlantic cable (1866)

• George Westinghouse (Wm Tesla)– Alternating Current (safe electricity)

• Thaddeus Lowe– Ice machine (1865)

• Home inventions– Dishwasher, washing machine, power sewing machine

What did these other men invent?(find out on p. 94)

Free Enterprise• Early business owners worked hard to get rich

• They resented any government interference

– LASSEZ-FAIRE

– Government should keep hands OFF business

– Believed competition would regulate price

– Believed this way promoted wealth for all

Free Enterprise

• People willing to risk their $$ to make it rich were called ENTREPRENEURS

• USA became one of biggest trade centers in the world during and after Civil War

Are YOU willing to make such an investment in yourself…

… and your future?

1:30-8:30Rockefeller

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