1.________________ n.& vt. 命令2. ________________ adv. really

3._________________ n.& vt. 要求，请求4._________________ vt. 辨认出，承认5._________________ n. 闪电

command

actually

request

recognize

lightning

6._______________ adj. 本国 / 地的 7._______________ adj. 直的 adv. 直接8._______________ adj. 较后的，后者的9._______________ n. 汽油；气体；毒气10.________________ n. 街区 vt. 阻塞11.identity n. __________________

12.eastern adj.__________________

13.official adj.___________________官方的；正式的；公务的

native

straight

latter

gas

block

本身；本体；身份东方的，东部的

14.voyage n. _____________________

15.gradual adj. _____________________

16.vocabulary n. _____________________

17.elevator n. _____________________

18.apartment n. _____________________

19.expression n. _____________________

20.accent n. _____________________

航行；航海；海上旅行逐渐的；逐步的

词汇；词汇量；词表

单元住宅词语；表达

口音；重音；重音符号；强调

电梯；升降舵；升降机

___________adj. 基础的；根本的

___________adv. 基本上；实际上；主要地

___________n. 基础；要素；基准 )basis

1.base vt. 以……为根据 n. 基部；基地；基础

basic

basically

⑴Merry ， whose husband serves in an air bas

e ， believes that the _______ (base) of a good m

arriage is trust.

⑵ Our friendship is based ___ trust and honesty.

⑶We improve our reading comprehension ____

the base of reading a lot.

on

basis

on

2.fluent adj. 流利的；流畅的

_____________adv 流利地；流畅地

_____________n. 流利；流畅fluency

fluently

Miss Dent ， who speaks English _____⑴

_, says that ________develops graduall⑵

y over considerable time and through lots

of practice. (fluent)

fluency

fluently

_____________adv 频繁地

_____________n. 频繁；频率

3.frequent adj. 频繁的；常见的

frequency

frequently

⑴ Dr. Kent ， a geographer ， is a frequ

ent visitor to places where the _________

(frequent) of earthquakes is high.

⑵ Earthquakes occur ____________ (fre

quent) in this area.

frequency

frequently

___________adj. 无用的；无效的___________adj. 用过的；习惯的___________adv. 无用地；无价值地___________n. 使用者；用户___________n. 使用；用法；词语惯用法___________v. 重新使用，循环使用

4.use v & n. 使用

reuse

useless

used

uselessly

user

usage

⑴ Bruce isn’t what he _____ (use) to be. Now he

is used to _____(rise) early and making full use o

f his time. He says that one’s energy should ____

____ (use) to do something______ (use) for societ

y.

⑵ This is a ________(use) knife-the handle has b

roken!

⑶Water heaters are sized to meet the needs of _

______ (use).

used

rising

be used useful

useless

users

5.express vt. 表达；表示 n. 特快专递；特快列车

___________n. 表情；短语expression

After sending an express to the Foreign Languag

es Press, Mr. Hess hurried back to the school. T

wo students were waiting for him to tell them th

e differences between two _________ (express). ⑴Failing to solve it ， he ________ (express) re⑵gret and at the same time an embarrassed __⑶_________ (express) appeared on his face.

expression

expressions

expressed

1.___________________ 扮演一个角色；参与2.___________________ 例如……；像这种的3.___________________ 走近；上来；提出4.___________________ 以……为基础5.___________________ 充分利用；充分使用6.___________________ 目前；现在7.___________________ 即使；尽管even if/though

play a part

such as

come up

be based on

make full use of

at present

8. _______________ 与……交流；与……相连9.believe it or not _______________

10.because of ________________

11.at the end of the 16th century____________

12.by the end of the 16th century____________

13.come from all over the world_____________

14.move from one place to another

___________________

15.than ever before______________________

communicate with

信不信由你

因为；由于

在十六世纪末到十六世纪末

来自世界各地

从一个地方搬到另一个地方比以往任何时候

1. 美国英语以英国英语为基础。 (be based on)

2. 信不信由你，美国英语现在比以往任何时候起的作用都越来越重要。 (play a part ， than ever before)

2.Believe it or not ， American English is playing a more and more important part than ever before.

1.American English is based on British English.

3. 目前，很多人因为想实现美国梦而学习美国英语。 (at present ， because of)

4. 李华认识到了美国英语的重要性，成了学习美国英语的一员。 (recognize)

4.Li Hua has recognized the importance of (learning) American English and becomes one of those learning American English.

3.At present ， millions of people take up American English because of (trying to achieve) their American dream.

5. 李华说他会不断努力，即使困难重重，也不会放弃。 (frequent ， come up)

6. 他充分利用时间，丰富词汇，练习听说。 (make use of ， enrich ， vocabulary)

6.He makes full use of his time ， enriching vocabulary and practicing listening and speaking.

5.Li Hua says that he’ll make frequent efforts and won’t give it up even if many learning difficulties may come up.

7. 我相信他一定能掌握到美国英语。 (have a good command of)

8. 他一定能说一口流利的美国英语。 (fluent)

8.He will be able to speak American English fluently.

7.I believe he’ll have a good command of American English.

So why has English changed 1______ time?

Actually all languages change and develop 2

_____ cultures meet and communicate with each

other. At first 3 ____ English spoken in

England between about AD 450 and 1150 was

very different from the English spoken today.

over

when

the

It was based more 4 ___ German than the Engl

ish we speak at present. Then gradually betwee

n about AD 800 and 1150 ， English became 5

____ (little) like German because those 6 ___ r

uled England spoke first Danish and later Fren

ch. These new settlers enriched the English lan

guage and especially 7_____ vocabulary.

on

less

who

its

So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make

use of a wider vocabulary than 8 ___ before. In

1620 some British settlers moved to America.

Later in the 18th century some British people 9

___________ (take) to Australia too. English

began10___________ (speak) in both countries.

ever

were taken

to be spoken

直接引语与间接引语 ( 要求与命令 ) ：句型转换：1.The students said to their teacher ，“ Would

you please sing us a song?”

The students ______ their teacher _____ sing

______a song.them

asked to

2.The secretary said to the woman on the phon

e ，“ Could you hold on a minute” ?

The secretary _____ the woman on the phone

____ hold on a minuteto

asked

3.Tom’s father said to him angrily ，“ Get ou

t!”.

Tom’s father ________ him _____ get out.

4.Mrs.Smith said to her daughter ，“ Never d

rive after drinking!”.

Mrs. Smith _______her daughter ______ drive

after drinking.

never to

ordered to

warned

5.The mother said to her child ，“ Turn down

the radio!”.

The mother ____ her child ____turn down the

radio.

完成下列句子：6. 她临终前恳请她的兄弟照顾她的孩子。She ______ her brother with her dying breath

_______________________.to look after her children

told to

begged

7. 为了抓小偷，他命令把所有的门都锁上。To stop the thief ， he ordered all the doors

_____________.

8. 医生竭力劝我不要吸烟。The doctor strongly advised me __________ at

all.

not to smoke

to be locked

9. 经理要求她说话时摆脱浓重的南方口音。Her manager _________ her____________

______________________ when talking.

10. 女主人请客人们坐下 .

The hostess ______ the guests ___________ .to sit down

requested to get rid of her

strong southern accent

asked

present sth.to sb./present sb.with sth. 把……交给某人；向某人颁发……

at present=at the present time=now 目前，现在

be present at 出席；到场 (反义： be absent from)

1.present adj. 出席的，在场的，现在的 vt.出席，展现，颁发 n. 现在，赠品，礼品

⑴ All the people ____________________ ( 出席晚会的 )were her supporters.

⑵ The mayor presented a gold cup ____ the w

inner in the competition yesterday

运用：用适当的词填空或根据提示完成句子。

present at the party

to

request sb.to do sth. 要求某人做某事

request that sb (should) do 要求某人做某事

2.request v.& n. 请求，要求

⑴ He requested me ________ (write) a letter of

recommendation.

⑵ He requested that I ________________(write)

a letter of recommendation.

⑶ The passengers _____________(request) to sh

ow their passports.

运用：用所给词的适当形式填空。

are requested

to write

should write/write

recognize ...as/to be 认可 / 承认……为

recognize +宾语从句 意识到；承认

3.recognize vt. 认出；承认

比较： realize vt. 实现；意识到，认识到

⑴ I recognize him__________________________________ . ( 他是个聪明人 ).

⑵ Though they hadn’t met for many years ， they ___________________ ( 认出了对方 )at the first sight.

运用：根据提示，完成下列句子。

recognized each other

as a clever man/to be a clever man

command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事

command that sb (should) do 命令某人做某事

have a good command of精通

4.command n.& vt. 命令；指令；掌握

⑴ She has ___ very good command of the English language.

⑵ He commanded me________ (leave) at once.

⑶ He commanded that I _________________ (leave) at once.

运用：用适当的词填空或用所给词的适当形式填空。

should leave/leave

a

to leave

联想：像 command 一样，其后的名词性从句

的谓语用“ (should)+ 动词原形”的常用词有：

一个“坚持 (insist)” ；

两个“命令 (order ， command)” ；

三个“建议 (suggest ， advise ， propose)” ；

四个“要求 (demand ， ask ， require ， req

uest)” ；

1.come up 走近；上来；长出；发芽 come up to 达到 (某标准 ) ；升到 (某点 ) come up with 想出 (办法；主意 ) ；提出 (意见 )

⑴ The water _____________ my neck.

⑵ The boy _____________ a new idea of solving the problem.

⑶ He __________ the policeman and asked the way.

运用：用以上短语的适当形式完成下列句子。

came up to

came up to

came up with

2.because of 因为；由于 ( 短语介词 ) because 因为；由于 ( 连词 ) 同义： as a result of ， due to ， thanks to

⑴ He came late to school again _______ he got up too late.

⑵ The girl cried __________ what the teacher said.

⑶ we have to cancel our trip _________ the bad weather.

运用：用 because 或 because of填空。

because

because of

because of

⑴ I like drinks __________ tea and coffee.

⑵Many great men have risen from poverty(贫穷 )—Lincoln and Edison ， ____________ .

3.such as 短语介词，只能放在名词前for example副词词组，可放句首、句中或句末

运用：用上述两个短语完成下列句子。

for example

such as

提示：该短语中的 it 无意义，与该短语类似的还有： take it easy(别紧张；别担忧；放松些 ) 。

4.believe it or not 信不信由你 ( 用作插入语 )

翻译：信不信由你，世界上根本没有鬼。

Believe it or not ， there is no ghost in the world.

翻译：中国在当今世界扮演着重要的角色。

___________________________________in the world today.

5.play a role/part in 在……担任角色或起作用

China is playing an important part/role

翻译：我们应该充分利用每一分钟。

We should try to_________________________________ .

6.make use of=use 利用；使用 make good/full use of 充分利用

make good/full use of every minute

1.原句： Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English. 以英语为母语的人，即使他们所讲的语言不尽相同，也可以相互交流。 (L1.P10)

说明： even if=even though 引导让步状语从句。

句型： even if ... 即使……

⑴ 即使失败，我也不灰心。I wouldn’t lose heart even if_____________ .

⑵ 即使困难重重，你也不能放弃。Even if there are many difficulties, you _____

______________.

⑶ 即使你失败，我们也会支持你。We’ll stand by you _______ you fail.

仿写：将下列句子译成英语。

even if

I should fail

shouldn’t

give up

2.原句： It was based more on German than

the English we speak at present.当时的英语更多地是以德语为基础的，而现代英语不是。(L7.P10)

句型： ... more ... than ... 比……更……；与其说……不如说……

⑴ 他看起来比他弟弟更像父亲。He looks more like his father than ___________.

⑵ 他看起来不像他母亲，更像他父亲。He looks more like his father than__________

________ .

⑶ 幸运的是，他受的伤不重，只是受惊了。Luckily, he was __________more than______.

仿写：将下列句子译成英语。

hurt

his brother

like his

mother

frightened

3.原句： Believe it or not ， there is no such

thing as standard English. 信不信由你，世界上根本没有什么标准英语。 (L2.P13)

句型： There is no such ... as...( 世界上 )没有什么……

⑴ 天下没有免费的午餐。 _________________ thing as a free lunch.

⑵ 没有坚强的意志力，就没有伟大的才华。 _______________ thing ____ a great talent without great willpower.

⑶ 世上没有你梦想中的那种地方 _________________________you dream of all over the world.

仿写：将下列句子译成英语。

There is no such place as

There is no such

There is no such as

4.原句： This is because in the early days of radio ， those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. 这是因为在早期的电台节目里，人们期望新闻播音员所说的英语是最好的英语。 (L3.P13)

比较： This/It is why...(+结果 ) 这就是……的原因。

句型： This/It is because... (+原因 ) 这是因为……

⑴ 这是因为我喜欢英语。This/It is because______________. ⑵ 他失败了。这是因为他不够努力。He has failed. This/It is __________ he didn’t work hard enough. ⑶ 我想这就是他来参加酒会的原因。I think this is ______ he came to the party.

仿写：将下列句子译成英语。

why

I like English

because

课本原句： Then gradually between about AD

800 and 1150 ， English became less like Germ

an because those who ruled England spoke firs

t Danish and later French.然后，渐渐地，大约在公元 800年到 150年期间，英语不那么像德语了，因为那时的英国统治者起初讲丹麦语后来讲法语。 (P10)

结构分析这是一个含有两个从句的复合句。主句的主干 ( 主语和谓语动词 )是 ⑴ __________;

because 引导的是一个原因状语从句，在这个原因状语从句中， who ruled England是一个 ⑵ _

____ 从句，修饰 those 。定语

English became...

一、完形填空

本短文写作者向学弟和学妹谈自己大学期间学习的一些经历以及英语能力使学习者在就业时可能拥有优势。

1.B 。 common 普遍的，常见的。

2.C 。成绩不好，没有机会。

3.A 。进入大学后。

4.D 。中学的学习态度没了。

5.C 。沉迷于玩耍。

6.A 。完全迷失了自己。7.D 。大四时，意识到未来社会的挑战。8.B 。逐渐明白。9.B 。没有过硬的本领，将被残酷的竞争吞没。10.C 。从头开始 very是形容词，有强调的意思。

11.A 。从后面的 project知道参加的比赛是程序设计。12.B 。获奖学金。13.C 。行动上积极地提高自己。14.D 。毕业时决定。15.B 。寻找自己的位置。

二、语法填空本文是一篇关于英国一直作为混合种族社会的历史渊源和人口结构的报道。11.by 。在被动语态中引导动作的执行者，用 b

y 。12.were brought 。主语 Africans 与 bring是被动关系，用被动语态。13.Over 。句中 over the years 表示“多年以来”，介词 over 表示“在……期间”。

14.their 。指“数以千计难民的”，用形容词

性物主代词作定语。

15.whose 。引导定语从句并在从句中作定语。

16.other 。指“其它的”地方。

17.cultures 。考查名词的复数。

18.a 。指“一份”报告或“一篇”报道。

19.growth 。作 made up 的宾语，用名词。

20.latest 。在冠词 the 与名词之间应当用形容词作定语， latest 表示“最新的，最近的”。

Bye-bye