Unit 1: Principles of Anatomy and physiology in Sport

Joint movements Kevin Browne

Aims of the lesson

• In relation to the assignment this lesson will focus on P2

• P2 Describe the different classifications of joints

• Identify and describe joint movements in their specific terms

• Describe at least six different terms of movement and where they occur in the body

General movements

• General movement apply to more than one joint in the body

• These type of movement have specific anatomical names

• For example flexion, extension • List as many other anatomical names that you

may know for movement( you will have covered these in level 2 sport or GCSE PE.

Movement type Description Example

Flexion Decreasing the angle of a joint, or bending a limb

Bending the knee

Extension Increasing the angle of a joint, or straightening a limb

Straightening the knee

Abduction Taking a limb away from the mid-line of the body

Lifting the arms from the side of body

Adduction Taking a limb towards the mid-line of the body

Lowering the arms towards the side of the body

Rotation When a limb rotates about it's own axis

Looking over your shoulder

Movement type Description Example

Circumduction When one end of the limb describes a circle

Doing the butterfly stroke in swimming

Supination Rotation of the forearm causing the palm of the hand to face up

Turning your hands from facing down, to turning up

Pronation Rotation of the forearm causing the palm of the hand to face down

Turning your hands from facing up to facing down

Eversion At the ankle when the sole of the foot is turned outwards

Kicking a football with the instep

Inversion At the ankle when the sole of the foot is turned inwards

When you twist your ankle it is excessive inversion

Movement type Description Example

Dorsi flexion At the ankle joint when the toes are pulled upwards towards the shin

When you do a calf stretch

Plantar flexion At the ankle when the toes are pointed downwards

When you stand on tip toes

Depression Downward movement of the shoulder girdle

Pushing the shoulder blades down

Elevation Upward movement of the shoulder girdle

Shrugging the shoulders

Horizontal flexion & extension Occurs when the arm (at shoulder height) moves across the body, and back out to the side.

Bringing the arm across and then away from the body

Movement type Description Example

Hyper extension Excessive extension beyond straight

A crab position in gymnastics

Lateral flexion Bending to the side Tilting of the head

Protraction The shoulders are drawn forwards

Rounding of the shoulders

Retraction The shoulders are drawn backwards

Opening out the chest

Directional Terms

Directional Terms

Directional Terms

Summary

• Write at least 3 examples in sport using the terminology that we have learnt today

• Swap them with a partner • Feedback to the class.

Homework Log on to the sports blog and under you course complete the activity for homework. The work will be collected in the next lesson