Upload
bhawnabansal
View
233
Download
0
Tags:
Embed Size (px)
DESCRIPTION
ncxnvksl
Citation preview
Meaning, Components and Role of Information Systemsof Information Systems
Data Versus Information
Monthly Sales Report for West Region
Sales Rep: Charles MannEmp No. 79154Emp No. 79154Item Qty Sold PriceTM Shoes 1200 $100
What is a system?• A group of interrelated or interacting elements
forming a unified whole, OR• A group of interrelated components working
together toward a common goal by accepting together toward a common goal by accepting inputs and producing outputs in an organized transformation process (dynamic system).
• Five basic interacting components:– Input - Processing (transformation process)– Output - Feedback– Control
Information Technologies
• Computer hardware technologies• Computer software technologies• Telecommunications network technologies• Data resource management technologies• Data resource management technologies
Using Information in Finding Problems
• Amount of inventory safety stock• Personnel selection• New product pricing• Expenditure control• Expenditure control
Need for Database
• Data needs to be managed in order to be available for processing and have appropriate quality.
• Easy updating of the data.• Easy updating of the data.• Easy sharing of the data.
Data Processing
• Processes transactions and produces reports.• Represents the automation of fundamental,
routine processing to support operations.
Information Systems
• Information System (IS). Collects, processes, stores, analyzes and disseminates information for a specific purpose.
• Computer-based Information System (CBIS).• Computer-based Information System (CBIS).An information system that uses computer technology to perform some or all of its intended tasks.
Definition of an Information System
• An information system can be any organized combination of people, hardware, software, communication networks, and data resources that collects, transforms, and disseminates information in an organization.
• People have relied on information systems to communicate • People have relied on information systems to communicate with each other using a variety of physical devices (hardware), information processing instructions and procedures (software), communication channels (networks), and stored data (data resources) since the dawn of civilization.
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
Hardware
Software
Databases
are used to buildINFORMATION SYSTEMS
Payroll System
Inventory System
IS Vs IT
Databases
Networks
Other related components
SYSTEMS
Marketing System
Customer Service System
Information Systems Framework
Information Systems Framework
An IS Framework for Business Professionals – The IS knowledge that a business manager or professional needs to know include the following:
ü Foundation Concepts: fundamental behavior, technical, business, and managerial concepts like system components and functions, or competitive strategies;
ü Information Technologies: concepts, developments, or management issues regarding hardware, ü Information Technologies: concepts, developments, or management issues regarding hardware, software, data management, networks, and other technologies;
ü Business Applications: major uses of IT for business processes, operations, decision making, and strategic/competitive advantage;
ü Development Processes: how end users and IS specialists develop and implement business/IT solutions to problems and opportunities arising in business; and
ü Management Challenges: how to effectively and ethically manage the IS function and IT resources to achieve top performance and business value in support of the business strategies of the enterprise.
Components of Information System
• People Resources• Hardware Resources• Software Resources• Software Resources• Data Resources• Network Resources• Information Products
People Resources
ØSpecialists: system analysts, software developers, systems operatorsØEnd Users: anyone else who uses information ØEnd Users: anyone else who uses information
systems
Hardware Resources
ØMachines: computers, video monitors, magnetic disk drives, printers, optical scannersØMedia: floppy disk, magnetic tape, optical ØMedia: floppy disk, magnetic tape, optical
disks, plastic cards, paper forms
Software Resources
ØPrograms: operating system programs, spreadsheet programs, word processing programs, payroll programsprograms, payroll programsØProcedures: data entry procedures, error
correction procedures, paycheck distribution procedures
Data Resources
ØProduct Descriptions, customer records, employee files, inventory databases
Network Resources
ØCommunications media, communications processors, network access and control softwaresoftware
Information Products
ØManagement reports and business documents using text and graphics displays, audio responses, and paper formsresponses, and paper forms
Major Roles of IS
Support CompetitiveAdvantage
Support Business
Decision Making
Support of Business Processes and Operations
Major Roles of IS• Three major roles of the business applications of information
systems include:
• Support Business Processes –involves dealing with information systems that support the business processes and operations in a business.
• Support Decision Making – help decision makers to make better decisions and attempt to gain a competitive advantage.
• Support Competitive Advantage – help decision makers to gain a strategic advantage over competitors requires innovative use of information technology.