ULTIMATE PIT DESIGNING USING GEMCOM SURPAC
ULTIMATE PIT DESIGNINGUSING GEMCOM SURPACUNDER GUIDANCE
OFKASHINATH PALASSISTANT PROFESSORDEPTT. OF MINING ENGG.
INDEX ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION TO GEMCOM SURPAC SCOPE OF THE
PROJECT GEOLOGICAL DATABASEo CREATING A GEOLOGICAL DATABASEo
DISPLAYING DRILLHOLESo ADDING STYLES TO GEOLOGICAL PATTERNSo
CREATION OF DRILLHOLE LAYOUTo CREATING SURFACE DTMo CREATING
SECTIONSo DIGITISING SECTIONS SOLID MODELLINGo TRIANGULATIONo
VALIDATIONo MAKING SOLID BLOCK MODELo CREATING A BLOCK MODELo
DISPLAYING A BLOCK MODELo ADDING CONSTRAINT TO BLOCK MODELo ADDING
ATTRIBUTES TO BLOCK MODELo BLOCK MODEL REPORTPIT DESIGNINGo
CREATING SLICES FROM BLOCK MODELo DIGITISING AND EXPANSION WITHOUT
RAMPSo ULTIMATE PIT DESIGNSURPAC BENEFITS Comprehensive tools
include: drillhole data management, geological modelling, block
modelling, geostatistics, minedesign, mine planning, resource
estimation, and more. Increased efficiencies within teams result
from better sharing of data, skills and project knowledge. All
tasks in Surpac can be automated and aligned to company-specific
processes and data flows. Software ease-of-use ensures staff
develop an understanding of the system and of project data quickly.
Surpac is modular and easily customised. Surpac reduces data
duplication by connecting to relational databases and interfacing
with common file formats fromGIS, CAD and other systems. Integrated
production scheduling with GemcomMineSched. Multilingual support:
English, Chinese, Russian, Spanish, German and
FrenchABSTRACTMajority of the production being from surface mines,
hence there is a requirement of a more precise,strategic and
systematic mine planning and designing for these. The economic
value of a mineraldeposit is a function of its ore reserves. During
the exploration and feasibility phases of a miningproject, the need
for timely and reliable ore reserve estimates is of critical
importance particularly as abasis for mine planning in the early
production years. Conventional methods are time consuming andonly a
limited number plans can be considered before the work is done.
Also, a greater devotion fromthe side of the doer is required. So,
a good chance of many manual errors persists. The
computerizedmethods do away with these difficulties and offer a
better approach towards mine designing andplanning.
Introductry work flow:-l using string tools to create a simple
pit designl preparing data for use in basic pit designl using pit
design tools to create ramps, crests, toes, and berms
-------------------------------- DTM FORMATION
13-Nov-14------------------------------------------------- DTM
formed from : dh_aryan2.str DTM File : dh_aryan2.dtm Object ID : 1
Number of Triangles : 98 Maximum/Minimum E : 1067.030 / 380.502
Maximum/Minimum N : 1739.503 / 766.000 Maximum/Minimum Z : 629.557
/ 568.440 Strings to act as breaklines : Y Perform breakline test :
N Common point check distance : 0.005
Database Data Extent Report Nov 13, 2014
Database: upd_aryanNumber of drillholes :54 Total length drilled
:2525.00
Hole Id Northing Easting Elevation Depth
--------------------------------------------------------------MIN.
NORTHING SMG1202 766.000 640.000 593.652 17.000 MAX. NORTHING
SMG0002 1739.503 895.269 572.584 45.000 MIN. EASTING SMG0804
1078.764 380.502 580.268 34.000 MAX. EASTING SMG0706 1183.441
1067.030 574.950 50.000 MIN. ELEVATION SMG1104 838.343 840.924
568.440 21.000 MAX. ELEVATION SMG0301 1485.283 708.820 629.557
25.000 MIN. DEPTH SMG1101 842.389 480.528 599.631 16.000 MAX. DEPTH
SMG0805 1083.163 664.546 611.000 77.000 Page 1 of 1
Different sections shown in different colour used for ore body
block modelling SOLID MODELLINGCreating solid by Triangulation :-
solids triangulate between segments select the adjacent segmentsand
they get triangulated
solids validation validate object
BLOCK MODEL
To visualize the possibility of a deposit & in order to get
a detailed estimation on the basis of smallest possible block block
model is prepared By a rule of thumb minimum size of a block should
not be less than average drill hole interval , height of ablock is
generally kept as the preferred bench heightAdd constraint to the
block model
Orebody block model after adding constraints
PIT DESIGNING
Sections can be made along the constrained block at regular
vertical spacings, here 10 m. These sectionshelp in getting a
better visualization of the variation of grade along the
orebody& pit can be designedeasily by extending the digitised
ore in vertical direction . block model sections create
select normal to z axis in section type give section range from
block model summary report applygive a location where slices to be
formed get saved check constrain model define fe in model attribute
applyselect constraint in type select constraint of ore
applyWithout Mine Ramps : Digitise the bottom slice in a new layer
delete the layer containing sliceSlice 531.027 m rlTo make the
first bench , design pit design set slope gradient
design pit design expand segment by bench height
give a bench height , 10 here direction of expansion applyIt is
to be remembered that the segment will expand upwards forming a
bench only if the digitisedsegment is clockwise in direction , even
if we give up in direction but segment drawn is anticlockwise in
nature , the bench will be expanded upwards but with inward slope
wrt digitised segment .Oncewhen the segment is heightened with
bench height , it is expanded along berms as .. design expand
segment by berm widthThe expanded segment will look as follows
Ramp expansion at different levels
To get the pit from string file formed by digitized segments ,
surfaces dtm file function from stringfile select the saved file
apply The following dtm surface was formed .
Blue colour orebody alongwith waste (in brown colour)
Ultimate pit design to be excavated at the end of mining
activity
Lab/field work carried outWe get data from Tata Noamundi iron
ore opencast projectAssay valueCollar valueGeologySurvey dataIn lab
we use surpac to make the Ultimate pit design-Analysis of
investigation>After arranging the raw data and making pit design
we analyse it to get: . Optimum place to start box cut to exploit
the area .get extend and design of benches and ramp needed to
extract the ore.extend of mining area to be leasedConclusion
Thus we get the optimum pit design so that we can know the
extend of lease hold area and extent of ming.We understand the
proper location from where we have to start box cut.We get the
solid model of deposit to know about the type and grade of ore.
WORK TO BE DONE :Using variogram modeling for reserve
estimationDetermine the primary and secondary variogram to know
about the direction of maximum continuity
REFERENCES
Dowd ,P. A, Onur A. H,Optimizing Open Pit Design and Sequencing,
Proc. 23rd International APCOM Symposium,1992, pp- 411-422,
,1992.Hustrulid, W., Kutcha, M., Open pit mine planning and design,
volume 1, Chapter 6 Production planning, pp- 601-605, A.A. Balkema
publications, Rotterdam, Netherlands, 1995.Lerchs H., Grossmann I.
F., Optimum design of open pit mines, Canadian Institute of Mining
Trans., 68, pp. 17-24, 1965. Ronson, K.A,Computerized open pit
planning and the development and application of a software open pit
planner ,2001. DATA Hole id,from-to(in m) ,%feSMG0001 0 1 59.1
SMG0001 1 2 57.73 SMG0001 2 3 53.33 SMG0001 3 4 59.1 SMG0001 4 5
62.13 SMG0001 5 6 59.1 SMG0001 6 7 61.85 SMG0001 7 8 60.48 SMG0001
8 9 56.35 SMG0001 9 10 60.2 SMG0001 10 11 62 SMG0001 11 12 64
SMG0001 12 13 64 SMG0001 13 14 64 SMG0001 14 15 63 SMG0001 15 16 57
SMG0001 16 17 62 SMG0001 17 18 60 SMG0001 18 19 57 SMG0001 19 20 60
SMG0001 20 21 64 SMG0001 21 22 64 SMG0001 22 23 63 SMG0001 23 24 63
SMG0001 24 25 63 SMG0001 25 26 66 SMG0001 26 27 63 SMG0001 27 28 66
SMG0001 28 29 66 SMG0001 29 30 66 SMG0001 30 31 65 SMG0001 31 32 66
SMG0001 32 33 66 SMG0001 33 34 66 SMG0001 34 35 66 SMG0001 35 36 66
SMG0001 36 37 66 SMG0001 37 38 66 SMG0001 38 39 65 SMG0001 39 40 65
SMG0001 40 41 64 SMG0001 41 42 65 SMG0001 42 43 64 SMG0001 43 44 64
SMG0001 44 45 64 SMG0001 45 46 63 SMG0001 46 47 62 SMG0001 47 48 62
SMG0001 48 49 53 SMG0001 49 50 56 SMG0001 50 51 57 SMG0001 51 52 49
SMG0001 52 53 35 SMG0001 53 54 31 SMG0001 54 55 25 SMG0002 0 1
47.56 SMG0002 1 2 39.03 SMG0002 2 3 46.73 SMG0002 3 4 49.2 SMG0002
4 5 40.96 SMG0002 5 6 52.5 SMG0002 6 7 52.23 SMG0002 7 8 45.63
SMG0002 8 9 63.5 SMG0002 9 10 62.6 SMG0002 10 11 62 SMG0002 11 12
59 SMG0002 12 13 60 SMG0002 13 14 61 SMG0002 14 15 63 SMG0002 15 16
61 SMG0002 16 17 54 SMG0002 17 18 53 SMG0002 18 19 52 SMG0002 19 20
65 SMG0002 20 21 65 SMG0002 21 22 66 SMG0002 22 23 66 SMG0002 23 24
67 SMG0002 24 25 64 SMG0002 25 26 65 SMG0002 26 27 65 SMG0002 27 28
65 SMG0002 28 29 65 SMG0002 29 30 65 SMG0002 30 31 64 SMG0002 31 32
64 SMG0002 32 33 65 SMG0002 33 34 65 SMG0002 34 35 65 SMG0002 35 36
65 SMG0002 36 37 66 SMG0002 37 38 66 SMG0002 38 39 66 SMG0002 39 40
66 SMG0002 40 41 66 SMG0002 41 42 16 SMG0002 42 43 15 SMG0002 43 44
17 SMG0002 44 45 16 SMG0101 0 1 47.01 SMG0101 1 2 52.78 SMG0101 2 3
56.08 SMG0101 3 4 57.18 SMG0101 4 5 62.4 SMG0101 5 6 63.23 SMG0101
6 7 64.05 SMG0101 7 8 61.03 SMG0101 8 9 64.88 SMG0101 9 10 61
SMG0101 10 11 64 SMG0101 11 12 63 SMG0101 12 13 62 SMG0101 13 14 59
SMG0101 14 15 62 SMG0101 15 16 65 SMG0101 16 17 62 SMG0101 17 18 61
SMG0101 18 19 23 SMG0101 19 20 50 SMG0101 20 21 14 SMG0101 21 22
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