UlJl

PUBLISHED BY THE STATE ANTI-SLAVER Y S01IETY. " ETERNAL ENMIT Y TO ALL KIND S OP OPPRESSION."

VOLUME 1. BATTLE CREEK, MICHIGAN: FRIDAY, MAY 19, 1848.

TERMS, $1,50 PER YEAR, STRICTLY I1V ADVANCE.

NUMBER 6.

FROM THE COLUMBIAN MAGAZINE.

Recollections of a Physician.NO. II . CHLOROFORM .

One very pleasant, spring-like day, near theclose of January, I was requested to call atNo.—, Place, the messenger staling that,if convenient, I might make the visit at 3o'clock in the afternoon, as the lady who de-sired my attendance would bo then at home.This was rather an unusual summons, as my

s were generally required for personsconfined within doors, if not to their beds.—I t makes littl e difference to the physician, how-ever, whether his patients are really sick oronly afflicted with imaginary ills, but that diff-erence, small as it is, sometimes induces apreference for practice with tho latter class, asthe danger of loosing them in more remote, andthe bill for services rendered wil l fill morepages and be paid with better feeling and great-er punctuality. This view of the subject be-ing likely to involve a consideration of the codeof medical ethics, may not be duly apprecia-ted by the public. I shall therefore waive itsfurther discussion at present and proceed withthe narrative.

Punctual to the hour, I rang the bell at thenumber designated in —^—— Place, and wasushered into the parlor by a servant, whopromised to inform the lady that Dr. B. hadarrived according to her request.

During the few minutes that elapsed beforemy patient made her appearance, I was enga-ged in examining a drawing-book lying openon the table, which had been rolled to a posi-tion where the light of a front window mightfall upon it. The drawings were exquisitlyfinished, and the colors so delicately appliedthat at a littl e distance the copy of the artistabsolutely rivalled some specimens of the Pol-ygati Cordati which rested on the leaf by itsside. Two unopened letters addressed to MissE. were lying on the table. The room wasluxuriously furnished, and several fine paint-ings, copies from the ancient masters, hung a-guinst the wall. Presently a light step washeard approaching, and a young lady entered,remarking with a smile—

" Dr. B., I presume ; I must introduce my-»elf; Miss E. You have rather a wild pa-tient to-day, Doctor; but no matter,you havesober ones enough, I suppose," and she invi-ted me to be seated.

" Doctor," resumed Miss E., " I have sentfor you to consult about a matter rather novel.I have a tamor situated on the left shoulder,which, within the last two months has been rap-idly increasing in size, I first discovered itabout four years ago ; it was then merely asmall prominence, but I have never, until late-ly , had any fears. Now I suppose an opera-tion must be performed for its removal, andthe sooner it is done tht» less, in all probability,I shall have to suffer."

" T r u e ," I answered, "and there wil l beno danger, as your general health appears tobe good, and tumors located in that neighborhood are rarely malignant in character, but anexamination wil l settle the question at once."

" I have had Dr. W., the surgeon, to see it,"she replied, " and he has given his opinionthat no danger and but littl e pain wil l attendthe operation ; but, Doctor, I did not send foryou concerning that," and she smiled, evident-ly confused. " I am almost ashamed to tellyou why I wanted your advice, but I must,even at the risk of your considering me foolish.I am afraid I cannot endure the pain, notwith-standing the assurance of Dr. W., and I want-ed to have your opinion whether there wouldbe any danger in taking the Chloroform V

" Whj', Miss E ." was my reply, astonishedat the object for which I had been sent, " i t isa very difficult matter for physicians to judgewhether the inhalation of this powerful agentwil l be safe or otherwise, as ils effects have innumerous instances confounded all the reas-ons derived a priori from an investigation oftemperament, habit and condition."

" Then there may be danger you think,Doctor, in every case V

" Yes ; we cannot tell in advance what maybe tho result, but the presumption is that youwould not experience any serious evil from itsuse, for the rule, which some have establishedis, if I mistake not, that it can be used withsafety, and fatal consequences are consideredas exceptions."

" But, Doctor, my case then might be class-ed with the exceptions ; the thought of thebare possibility makes me shudder."

" You must not be alarmed so easily, MissE," I replied ; " but my opinion candidly isthis, that Chloroform is a dangerous agent, andits use should be limited to cases of capital op-erations, or when the suffering is thought to beabove human endurance, and my advice toyou is frankly given, not to use it. but to makeup your mind to bear the pain, which wil l notbe very great, as the operation wil l be speedi-ly performed, and you wil l have your sensesin that trying moment unclouded."

While I was speaking, Miss E. had beenwalking backward and forward across the par-lor. In going near the table where the book\of drawings lay open, her eye caught sight ofthe letters, which had been left by the postmanbut a short time before my visit. She tookup one and gazed anxiously at the superscrip-tion, and then tore it open and commencedreading, apparently forgetful of the subject ofour conversation. A rich glow mantled hercheek as her eye ran over its contents,

" Forgive me, Doctor," fhe exclaimed, clo-sing'-he letter; " my conduct must appear

y rude, but this letter is from a friendin England who is about returning home andI was anxious to know the time. 1 must havethe operation performed, very soon, and then if1 should not have courage to submit—why,Doctor, the very thought of the knife almostmaddens me. I know I shall never musterfortitude to endure it ;" and she showed signsof great agitation.

The conference here ended, and having re-ceived a generous fee I returned home. MissE. was about nineteen, tall, but of slight fig-ure, with d*rk eyes and hair, fine expressionof countenance, manners highly polished, andmind richly cultivated. There was a charmin her conversation unusually attractive, aris-ing from the union of a brilliant intellect withgreat beauty of person. I afterwards learnedthat she was engaged to a Mr. R., a younggentleman of fortune, who was now abroadcompleting his education by making the tour ofEurope. The wedding was to be solemnizedas soon as he returned, and the letter she had

just read contained the welcome news that hemight be expected by the next steamer fromLiverpool.

Four days after my visit to Miss E. I wassummoned in great haste to her residence.—When I arrived I found the house in the ut-most confusion; the front door was open andservants were running in every direction.

" Is this the doctor V exclaimed the servantgirl , meeting me as I entered the door; "ifso,then go up stairs, for God.s sake, for my youngmistress is dead ;" and she sobbed as if herheart would break.

I ran up stairs, and seeing a crowd around adoor near at hand, made an opening and gain-ed access to a room without much ceremony.

The first person 1 saw on entering was Dr.W. He appeared to be much alarmed, a thingunusual with him, as the profession are wellaware.

" Dr. B. ," said he, " we have singularwork here. Miss E. took the Chloroform—on-ly twenty five drops. I am afraid she is gonepast recovery."

I took Miss E. 's hand, but found no pulsa-tion. I placed my finger on her temple, wherea slight wound had been made by Dr. W. inopening the temporal artery—no pulsationthere. A looking-glass was procured andheld before her mouth, but no vapor disturbedits surface.

Miss E. had determined on having the operation performed before Mr. R. arrived, andnot having nerve sufficient to undergo the pain,she had concluded to run the hazard of inhal-ing the Chloroform. Dr. W., an eminent sur-geon, was selected to operate, and he alsoadvised Miss E. not to use any agent to pro-duce insensibility, but his objections were o-verruled. The Chloroform was administered,the tumor removed and the dressings appliedbut Miss E. gave no signs of returning con-sciousness. Dr. W. became alarmed and re-quested counsel, and 1 was sent for, as she hadinformed her father, in making arrangementsfor the operation, that if any unpleasant cir-cumstances transpired she wanted my attend-ance.

A number of females having been drawn tothe spot by the news of this strange calamity,we placed the unfortunate patient in theircharge, directing first the immediate use of awarm bath, then frictions with the TicturaCapsici. In the mean time the house wascleared of all the rest but. the physicians andthose connected with the family, A crowdremained in the street opposite, which wasfinally despersed by the police. The opera-tion was performed at one o'clock, P. M., andthe treatment above discribed was continuedwith but littl e interruption until six. We thenordered her to be placed in a warm bed, whichbeing done, we again entered the chamber.

Miss E. did not wear the look of death, butof repose. There was pallidity, but not thebleached appearance attending exsanguination.The eyes were closed as in slumber. She ap-peared as if the powers of life had been sud-denly arrested—so suddenly that no time waspermitted to elapse between the excitement ofhealth and the quietude of perfect insensibili-ty—not time even for the least change of ex-pression—as though the lightning's stroke hadstilled but not defaced this rare specimen ofearth's loveliness. The body was warm and

, the joints flexible, and if the breathing had notI been suspended, the observer would have pro-nounced her in a state of quiet sleep. To us,who knew something about the laws of organ-ic life, the illusions of appearance had no influ-ence. We had but few doubts about the fatality of the issue ; still we had doubts, and weredetermined not to suspend our efforts at resus-citation until palpable signs of decompositionbecome manifest. Dr. W. had to make somevisits which could not be postponed, and I re-mained during the night, watching with thekeenest avidity for the first sign of returninganimation.

The parents of Miss. E. were prostratedwith grief and unable to render any assistance.I have often observed that parents are unsafecounsellors when their children are subjectsof disease, and it is a well known fact lhat phy"sicians cannot prescribe for their own families.The reason is obvious. Deep solicitude unfitsihe mind for calm inquiry and the exercise ofsound discretion. Mrs. E. was naturally of afeeble constitution, and this sudden calamitywas more than she could well support; shewas accordingly consigned to her own apart-ment, where she remained a close prisoner formany weary days and nights. Mr. E. madegreat efforts at composure, but his sufferingwas most intense ; during the whole of thisnight I could hear his restless tread in the ad-joining room as he paced the floor, occasion-ally intermitting to inquire if any change hadtaken place. Josephine, the only remainingmember of this afflicted family, near fourteenyears of age, appeared to have been struckspeechless when she was informed that MissE. did not revive. Although naturally of alively, talkative disposition, not a whisper nowpassed her lips ; her eye, when in the cham-ber, was constantly resting on the placid fea-tures of her sister, and not a tear fell or sighescaped to give relief to her feelings, wroughtup to the highest pitch of anxiety. Like MissE., Josephine was eminently beautiful, andher look, so wildly , feverishly anxious, illus-trated most forcibly the strength of that unsel-fish affection existing between sisters beforeseperation and change weaken its power.

My watch was in vain. In the morning,at eight o'clock, when Dr. W. returned, thebody was in the same condition as when heleft the evening previous. I now retired totake a few hours' rest leaving instructions tobe called instantly if any change occurred.—I had my sleep and returned- The curtainshad been withdrawn, to admit as much light aspossible, and Dr. W. was examining the coun-tenance of Miss. E.

" I t may be all fancy," he remarked, as Icame in, " but I thought I perceived a slightflush on her left cheek. I t may be owing,however, to the direction in which the lightfalls on her countenance."

Upon a close examination, I too fancied thatI could distinguish something like the faintpenciling of nature occasionally observable onthe peach, so delicate as to be almost transpa-rent. Here there was a slight cause for hope,slight enough to be sure, but under the cir-cumstances not'to be disregarded ; and Dr. W.and myself were accordingly soon engaged incomparing opinions as to the future medical

discipline. On a careful consideration of allthe remedies indicated in cases of suspendedanimation, we agreed for the present to renewthe treatment adopted on the preceding even-ing, and directed that every attention shouldbe given to have the body kept in a warmstate. Several competent nurses had beenprocured, and everything that affection promp-ted and wealth could furnish was almost an-ticipated, so great was the anxiety to have every means adopted that could furnish a hope,however slight, of ultimate success.

During the course of this day three physi-cians, celebrated for their skill and experience,were called in to give Dr. W. and myself thebenefit of their opinions. But with regard toall who sat around this board of consultation,experience, the great teacher in relation to ca-ses like the one before us, was wanting, nnd Ipresume the same remark would apply to e-very member of the Medical Faculty in thiscity. Accounts of extremely protracted casesof suspended vitality are often paraded in thepublic journals,but when the evidence on whichsuch strange occurrences are made to rest, issifted, littl e reliance can be placed upon theiraccuracy. Therefore, when a case like thepresent arises, the treatment must be in a greatmeasure empirical. So thought this highlyintelligent board, and for the additional reasonthat the action of Chloroform is not well un-derstood. With respect to the modus operandiof most of the preparations used in medicinethe profession is presumed to be acquainted,and when evil effects follow their use, reme-dies founded upon this knowledge are pointedout. Here is a now anassthetic agent, suddenand powerful in its operation, lessening or pros-trating the sensibility of the nervous system,but not always affecting the mind, staying thewheels of life but leaving the intellect free.—Whether these phenomena are always depen-dent upon chemical changes wrought in theblood, or whether, occasionally, upon simpleexhaustion of the vital principle, are ques-tions to be answered hereafter, when medicalknowledge becomes enriched trom the detailsof a sufficiency of post mortem examinations.The board of consultation adjourned to meetagain on the ensuing day, without recommen-ding anything material in addition to the treat-ment then in practice.

The second day aftor the operation had nowcome. No change had taken place, with theexception of the disappearance of the slightblush we had noticed on the check. The bodyretained its warmth, and the countenance ex-hibited the same happy expression of quietrest. At the meeting of the medical advisersit was suggested by Dr. W., and the sugges-tion promptly acceded to, to try the use of gal-vanism. A machine was procured and imme-diate preparations were made to use it. Aro-matic wine, spirits of ammonia and other stim-ulants were placed near at hand, to be usedif the battery had any influence in restoringvitality. When the instrument had been ad-justed and Dr. W. was about to apply thewires, Josephine, who had been lingering a-bout the room, came to the bedside and tookhold of her sister's hand. Al l eyes were di-rected to the countenance of the patient, tosee if there remained irritability of the mus-cular system sufficient to be affected by theelectric current. The wires were applied,anci almost instantaneously Josephine uttereda piercing cry and fell fainting to the floor.—The confusion attending this unforseen eventinterrupted the experiment, and perhaps wasthe cause of complete failure. When Jose-phine had recovered and was sufficiently com-posed to give an account of the cause of heralarm, she stated that at the moment the wireswere applied she felt a strong grasp from hersister's hand. The electric apparatus was a-gain put in motion and continued fur a longtime. I held Miss E's hand carefully all thewhile, to distinguish, if possible, the least mus-cular movement, but all susceptibility to beaffected by the electric current appeared tohave been lost, and we were reluctantly com-pelled to abandon any further use of the instru-ment. Disappointed and almost disheartened,yet with another feeble ray of hope, suddenlyli t up, we separated with the understandingthat we should assemble at twelve o'clock pre-cisely the next day.

Dr. W. remained with the patient, and I re-turned home, to recruit my wasted energieswith a quiet night's rest. At eight o'clock thenext morning, as I was about making a fewvisits to some patients whose cases had beenneglected, my attention was arrested by somenewsboys crying—" The Extra Sun—newsby the Hibernia—more failures in London,"etc. Having purchased a copy, I made mymorning calls, and then proceeded to the resi-dence of Mr- E. This was the third day, andI found on arriving that the condition of MissE. was unchanged in the least particular. Fur-ther treatment was intermitted until twelveo'clock, when my associates were to assemble.1 had been reading the extra paper, and hadlaid it on a table in the hall, where it appearsMr. E. found it, for 1 heard him remark to hisdaughter in the next room, " Alas ! Josephine,what a meeting we shall have ! The nameof Mr. R. is in the list of passengers by theHibernia, and he wil l be here in the course ofthe day."

Who was Mr. R. \ Was he engaged toMiss E. %—were questions that arose in mymind, as 1 recollected the affair of the letter,on the occasion of my first visit. I f there havebeen love passages between these parties, theone living and full of hope, the other strickennigh if not beyond the possibility of recovery,what fearful scenes await !

But to the consul ation.One of our number recited the case of a

person, who, for some capital offence, had beenexecuted by hanging, and whose body washanded over to the surgeons, and placed uponthe dissecting table. An incision made on thebreast with the scalpel was followed by a slightflow of blood; the circulation was thus renew-ed, and life restored for a brief season. Also,of a cataleptic girl, related by the Abbe Men-on, who was doomed to dissection ; the firststroke of the scalpel awoke her, and she lived.He followed by suggesting the propriety oftrying the knife in the case before us, as thecondition of the body was favorable, and noharm could result. The majority of the board,without deciding on the proposition, conclud-ed to delay the experiment for a day or two.No essential variation in tho management wasrecommended, and the board broke up to meet

again on the following day, unless sooner call-ed together by circumstances that might inter-vene.

Another cause of excilment had arisen be-fore the close of this day, by the appearance,of Mr. R. 1 was not present when he arrivedbut 1 was informed that he came to the doorin all the animation natural to a warm affection,expecting to meet his betrothed in the full pos-session of health and happiness. His impa-tient ring was answered by a servant, station-ed for the purpose of preventing the alarmingintelligence which was in reserve from reach-ing him, from any other source than throughMr. E. He was admitted and conducted insilence to the parlor, where, after a few mo-ments, Mr. E. joined him.Mr. R. was somewhat disturbed at tho blank

and mysterious looks of the servant, and whenMr. E. entered, with a countenance betoken-ing the deepest sorrow, he became thoroughlyalarmed, and anticipated in his mind the reci-tal of some terrible calamity. But he was notprepared for the intelligence, communicatedin a slow and faltering manner by Mr. E., ofthe living death of her he loved most on earth.I f he had heard that her regard for him hadcooled, and that she had transfered her loveto another, or of her sudden death and burial,the shock, severe as it might be, could havebeen borne, and hope crushed might live a-gain ; but to learn that, in all probability, hermind, active and intelligent as ever, was im-prisoned in its earthly temple, from which thepulsations of existence had departed forever—his senses for the time reeled, and it waswith great difficulty that he was preventedfrom rushing into her room, where his uncon-trolled excitement might have terminated inconfirmed madness.

(CONCLUDED NEXT WEEK.)

The Heart.Oh ! could we read the human heart,

Its strange mysterious dppths explore,What tongue could tell or pen impart

The riches of its hidden lore ?

Safe from the world's distrustful eye,What deep and burning feelings play,

Which e'en stern reason's power defy.And wear the sounds of life away !

Think not beneath a smiling brow,To always find H joyful heart;

For wit's bright glow, and reason's flow,Too often hides a cankering dart.

The bird with bruised and broken wing,Oft tries to mount the air ngain,

Among its mates to gaily singIts last melodious, dying strain.

The fire that lights a flashing oye,May by a burning heart be fed,

Which in its nnguish yearns to die,While yet it seems to pleasuro wed.

Oh! do not rashly judge the heart,Though cold and vain it seems to be,

Nor rudely seek the veil to part,That hides its deep, deep mystery.

The Church.We arc desirous, nay we make it our study,

to say and do nothing which shall weaken, inany way, the religious spirit of our land ; foron that we must stand, else we shall surelypeiish.

Yet no man looking abroad, or at home, canfail to see that the Church, in many respects,is not onlv falling behind outdoor workers,

1 but neglecting, sadly neglecting, matters ofmoment—matters which wil l concern us allnow and hereafter. Whence so many benev-olent societies ? Why are the Sons of Tem-perance, and so many benevolent institutions,called into existence ] Do we not all know—must not every man admit, if the Churchdid its whole duty, that it would embrace nec-essarily all the ends which these societies pro-pose to reach, and be, in itself, the temple ofpeace, temperance, benevolence of a living andtrue brotherhood ? To stimulate its ministersand professors to this high endeavor—to makethem aspire after a power which wil l clothethe looped raggedness of poverty and pauper-ism, and roll back the tide of crime that swellsup, threateningly, aga.nst every household ;we speak to them in our humble way, with di-rectness and earnest anxiety.

There are thousands among us who judgereligion by those who profess it. There arehundreds of thousands, who, when they seemembers of the Church doing, or not doing,feel as if they were priviledged to act as theyact. What a responsibility ! How carefulall religious men should be to meet it ! Yetwho among them bravely lives up to the stand-ard our Saviour set, and honestly bids theworld to follow i t ] [Ky . Examiner.]

FROM HOUSTON s REPOKTS.

Debate the in the United States Senate.I'rolrrlioi i of j.rolxrl y in the district of Columbia

TUESDAV, APRIL 20.(CONTINUED.)

I ask again, what is it that has produced thisstrife, called up these denunciations, excitedall thli invective which has been poured uponme, as if 1 was guilty of all the crimes in thedecalogue ? I call upon the Senate and thecountry to take notice of it. I ask, on whatdo gentlemen of the South rely for the protect-ion of any institutions on which they place anyvalue 1 I t wil l be answered, upon the Con-stitution and the law. Well, then, if the safe-guards of the Constitution are rendered inade-quate to the protection of one species of prop-erty, how can it be supposed that there wil l beprotection for any 1 It is because I desire tomaintain in all their strength and utility thesafeguards of the Constitution, that I have in-troduced this bill for the protection of proper-ty in this District. And here Tet me tell theSenator from Alabama, that he wil l have myfull co-operation in any measure to preventkidnapping. I shall expect him to redeem hispledge. Again : I am shocked to hear thehonorable Senator from South Carolina de-nounce this bill as a measure calculated to re-press those citizens from the expression of theirjust indignation.

Mr. CALHOUN. If the Senator wil l allow meI wil l explain. I said no such thing. But Iwil l take this occasion to say, that I would justas soon argue with a maniac from Bedlam aswith the Senator from New Hampshire, onthis subject.

SEVERAL SENATORS. Order! Order!Mr. CAI.HOU.V. 1 do not intend to correct

his statements. A man who says that the peo-ple of this District have no right in their slaves,and that it is no robbery to take their proper-ty from them, is not entitled to be regarded asin possession of his reason.

Mr. HALE . I t is an extremely novel modeof terminating a controversy, by charitablythrowing the mantle of manaical irresponsibil-ity over one's antagonist! Bqt the honorableSenator puts words into my mouth which Inever used. I did not say that owners hadno property in their slaves. I said that theinstitution exists, but I have not given any o-pinion upon the point to which the Senator al-luded. I have never said anything from whichthe sentiment which he imputes to me couldbe inferred. It. does not become me, I know,to measure arms with the honorable Senatorfrom South Carolina, more particularly sincehe has been so magnanimous as to give noticethat he wil l not condescend to argue with me.But there is more than one man in this coun-try, who has, whether justly or unjustly, longsince arrived at the conclusion, that if I am amaniac on the subject of slavery, I am not amonomaniac, for I am not alone in my mad-ness. But sir, I am not responsible here orelsewhere for the excitement that has followedthe introduction of this subject. I intended

simply to give noticemeet the exigency

of a bill calculated toThe honorable Senator

Trust in God.Why despond, O ! thou afflicted traveller,

tossed with tempests and not comforted ] ThySaviour is nigh—his word is pledged far thydeliverence. Though the storm may last longand beat hard upon thy defenceless head—though friends forsake and wrongs oppress,and difficulties rise like mountairs before thee,yet, look up and be calm ; fear not, neither bedismayed, for God is s'ill thy Friend. Hewil l not leave theo, nor forsake thee. He seesthy tears and hears thy sighs ; still trust himand give him thy whole heart,.and a completevictory shall very soon be thine. Yes, thismoment, if thou wil t make the surrender, thyfear9 shall be dissipated, thy rt;piiiing3 shallgive way to gratitude and praise, and light, andlove, and joy shall fill the disconsolate heart.—[Guide to Holiness.]

There is a greatness in this lif e beyondall that is called greatness. Al l earthly seeing—all business, care, weariness, and strife—isbut the clothing of a deeper want—ihe heaven-sent need of virtue—of the happiness whoseessence virtue is.

Perform a good deed—speak a kindword—bestow a pleasant smile—and you wil lreceive the same in return.

A dry dock has been built at Buffalo,which cost $45 ,000, and wil l take up the lar-gest lake craft, with ease.

ESPThe evil of grief is in the struggle againstsuffering, Consent to suffer, and you wil l r:otsuffer at all.

n fact, and, as such, guilty of the attempt tonvolve the South in bloodshed, violence, and

desolation ; and if the arm of the law wastoo short, or the spirit of the law to be slum-aerous, I have declared that the duty of thopeople whose rights were thus put in danger.vould be, to inflict summary punishment up-on the offender. But, says the Senator, vic-tims have been made, and there are other vic-tims ready. I am sure that he could not per-suade mo that he would ever be a victim. Iriave never deplored the death of such victims,and I never shall deplore it. Such officiousintermeddling deserves its fate. I believe nojood man, who is not a maniac, as the Sena-:or from New Hampshire is apprehended tobe, can have any sympathy for those who law-essly interfere with the rights of others. He.nowevsr, wil l never be a victim ! He is oneof those gusty declaimers—a windy speaker—

from Florida calls upon me for proof of thenecessity of this legislation, and says that noviolence has been committed in this District.I do not know what the gentleman calls vi-olence.

Mr. WESTCOTT. There has been no vi-olence except the running away with somenegroes.

Mr. HALE . Well, I believe that some hun-dreds of individuals assembled in front of aprinting office in this city, and assailed thebuilding with missiles, obliging the persons en-gaged in their usual employment to abandontheir legal occupation. If that does not come

Mr. CRITTENDEN. If the gentleman will al-low me, I rise to a question of order. Gentlemen have evidently become excited, and I hearon all sides language that is not becoming. Icall the gentleman to order for his pers»n;ilreference to the Senator from New Hamp-hire.

Mr. FOOTE. I only said, in reply to the Re-marks of the Senator from New Hampshira

Mr. CRlTTENDeN. I did not hear what thoSenator from New Hampshire said, but th«allusion of the gentleman from Mississippi 1consider to be contrary to the rules of the Sen-ate,

Mr. FOOTE. I am aware of that. But sucha scene has never occurred in the Senate—such a deadly assailment of the rights of ihacountry.

Mr. JOHNSON, of Maryland. Has the Chairdecided ?

Mr. FOOTE. Let my words be taken down.The PRESIDING OFFICER. In the opinion

of the Chair, the gentleman from Mississippiis not in order.

Mr. FOOTE. What portion of my remalkj isnot in order ?

The PRESIDING OFFICER. The gentlemanis aware that the question of order is not de-batable.

Mr. WESTCOTT. I ask whether the word*objected to are not, according to the rule, tobe reduced to writing?

Mr. FOOTE. But the Senator from NewHampshire has laid, that if I would visit there.Iwould be treated to an argument. Why, Iwould not argue with him ! What righthave they to argue on this point 1 It is not amatter with which they stand in the least con-nected. They have no rights of property ofthis description, and I rejoice to be able to saythat a large proportion of the intelligent andpatriotic people of New Hampshire do notconcur in the views expressed by the Sena-tor this morning. They take the ground thatthe People of the United States, the Constitu-tion, and the Union, have guarantied the rightsof the South connected with this property, andthat the people of New Hampshire have noright at all to meddle with the subject. Why,is it not a fact, that gentlemen, members ofthis body, amongst them the distinguishedSenator from Massachusetts, whom I regretnot to see in his place, are known to bemore or less hostile to the institution of domes-tic slavery, but have never entertained the doc-trine, that the Congress of the United State*has any jurisdiction whatever over the subject.They have held that any attempt, directly orindirectly, to effect abolition or to encourageabolition by Congressional legislation, is at warwith the spirit and letter of the Constitution.

Mr. HALE . Wil l the Senator allow me toinquire if he can point out a single instance inwhich I have made any aggression upon the

up to the gentleman's definition of violence, I ! rights of property in the SouthI was desirous of in- j Mr. FOOTE. That is the very thing 1do not know what does.

troducing this subject, without an appeal toany matters which might be supposod to liebehind. I believe that these matters havenothing to do with the subject under conrid-eration. But. other gentlemen have chosen togive this subject a different direciton. Now,in the bill which I have all the honor to intro-duce, the provisions are almost identical withthe law which has been in existence in manyof the States, and is now on the statute bookof Maryland. To its enactment here excep-tion has been taken, and 1 am quite willin g

am a-bout to show. When the Senator from NewHampshire undertakes to assert lhat thoseNorthern men who do not concur with himare "cravens," he uses language of false andscurrilous import. It is not the fact that hislanguage wil l be reechoed in any respectableneighborhood in New England. His senti-ments wil l find no response or approval in anyenlightened vicinage in New England, andtherefore he has no right to say that those whoare faithful to the principles of the Constitution,and fail to re-echo the fierce, fanatical, and fac-

that the country should know the grounds on tious declarations ofthe Senator, arewhich opposition is made. If tire subject bepainful, it has not been made so by me. Asto the threats which have been made,of blood-shed and assination, I can only say that therehave been sacrifices already, and there may beother victims, until the minds of all shall be a-wakened to the convictien, that the Constitutionwas made as well for the preservation of thefreedom of discussion, as for the protection ofth« slave owners.

Mr. WESTCOTT. I should like to know ofthe Senator from New Hampshire, if he cansay that any non-slaveholding- State in thisUnion has passed a law by which, in case ofthe abduction of a slave by an Abolition mob,the county or town is to be made responsiblefor the act ?

Mr. HALF.. I do not know sir.Mr. WESTCOTT. It is time enough, then,

when such a law is passed to protect the prop-erly of slave owners, to talk of a law to indem-nify for the destruction of property of Abolitionincendiaries.

Mr. FOOTE. The Senator seems to supposethat I wish to decoy him to the State of Mis-sissippi. I have attempted no such thing.—I have thought of no such thing. I have open-ly challenged him to present himself there oranywhere, uttering such language, and crea-ting such an incendiary spirit as he has mani-fested in the presence of this honorable body,and I have said that just punishment would beinflicted upon him for his enormous criminali-ty. I have said, farther that, if necessary, Iwould aid in tho infliction of the punishment.My- opinion is, that enlightened men wouldsanction that punishment. But, says the Sen-ator, that would be assassination ! I think not.I am sure that the Senator is an enemy to theConstitution of his country—an enemy of oneofthe institutions of his country, which is sol-emnly guarantied by the organic law oftheland—and in so far, he is a lawless person.—I am sure, if he would go to the State of Mis-sissippi,or any other slave state of this Confed-eracy, and utter such language, he would just-iy be regarded as an incendiary in heart and

in heart, and deficient in any ofthe noble sen-timents which characterize high spirited repub-licans.

Mr. HALE . I did not use such language.Mr. FOOTE. Did the Senator not use the

word " craven ] "Mr. HALE . If the Senator wil l allow me,

I wil l inform him, that when the Senator fromSouth Carolina remarked that he supposed itwas thought that the South had lost all feeling,I replied by asking if it was supposed thatthe North had no sensibility, that we had bow-ed our faces to the earth, with our backs tothe sun, and submitted to the lash so long lhatwe dare not look up 1

Mr, FOOTE. The declarations ofthe Sena-tor from New Hampshire just amount to this—that if he met me on the highway, and, ad-dressing me gravely or humorously, (for he igquite a humorous personage,) should say, I de.sign to take that horse which is now in yourpossession, and then announce that he wishedto enter into an argument with me, as to wheth-er I should prefer that the animal should bostolen from the stable or taken from me on thoroad, how could I meet such a proposition ?Why. I should say to him. either you are amaniac, or, if sane, you are a knave. Aiul yetthis very case is now before usT The Senatorfrom New Hampshire introduces a bill obvi-ously intended to rob the people ofthe Dis-trict of their slaves. I wil l read it, and showthat such is the import ofthe bill .know anything about theerence has been made.

paper toI t has been

I do notwhich ref-

sent tome, as to other Senators, during the winter,but I always refrain from opening it. Theeditor of it may be an intelligent man. I have,heard that he is. He is certainly an abolition-ist. I t may be that he has not in his paper o-penly avowed,as the Senator from New Hamp-shire seems very plainly to indicate that hohas approved of this late attempt to steal theslaves from this District. But the publicationof such a paper has tended to encourage suchmovements.

(CONTINUED ON FOURTH

22. MICHIGAN LIBERTY PRESS, MAY 19, 1848. VOL. 1.THE LIBERTY PRESS'

RalTK D BT ERASTCS H1N9ET.

E CREEK, M., MAY 19, 1848.

IVomlnationt.

Ton PRESIDENT,

JOHN P. HALE,OF .NEW H A M P S H I R E .

F O R V I C E P R E S I D E N T ,

LEICESTER KING,To oar Friends and Correspondents.

Not much by way of editorial this week. We leavour columns for the insertion of some of the communicaticnis which have been unavoidably delayedWe hopo our friends will bear in mind the size oour paper, and the unusual amount of important intelligence at home, and from abroad, at this peculiar time, intelligence fraught with such thrilli ninterest to community, that in justice to their demands, we must reserve a large proportion, ofoucolumns for its details. With these considerationswt suggest to correspondents the propriety annecessity of contie rising their comunicationsflsmnc'

:sible, for it i.-s impossible for us to insert ver;,.y articles in that times in a paper of its sizeIso respectfully propose, that they generally

write upon some of the great important topicwhich are agitating the public mind, and whidought to be kept continually before it. We wigive our readers the benefit of other communicalions aow upon our table ere long.

Political.Michigan—The inconsistent course of our Sen

htOT in coogress by which Cuss hopes to gain Southt»rn influence, contrasted with the iojependencourse oiHule will we have no doubt, arouse thesons cf the Peninsula state from their narcotic slumuer of party influence and-wduco them to take idecided stand, in favor of their own rights, and theadvancement of the general interest. We agreewith our correspondent C. G. in his suggestion oof the propriety of calling a mass meeting to takemeasures to forward the great principle of reformSay meet at Jackson, or any other favourable placeWil l the committee take it into consideration ? ILibert}- men will be active and efficient, we mojexpect a large accession to our numbers. Thewhigaof our Stato are divided between Clay, Scott amWebster—preponderance in favor of Clay—Democrats hoist the flag for C'ass, but. are waiting witlanxiety the result of the Baltimore convention.

New York—The Leaguers are strongly opposecto John P. Halo and have accused him of not de-nying hi9 position. But we think his course in theSenate is sufficient evidence of his strict adhor-ance to tho principles and ought to be a conclusivepledge to every Liberty man—The Democraticmembers of New York Legislature at a late meeting passed a series of Resolutions we give the first

" ' A't'S'/vv/, That while the Democracy of NewYork will faithfully adhere to all the compromisesof tho Constitution, and maintain all the reserverrights of the States, they declare—since the crisishas arrived when that question must be met—theiruncompromising hostility to the extension ofslave-

ito territory now free, which has been or mayhereafter accquired, by any action of tho Gov-

ernment of tho United States.'!i shows that their course ii dtcided. How

they will reconcile the difficulties existing amongthem at the Baltimore Convention remains entirelyin the dark. According to the Tribune, the Whiggfavour, the nomination of Clay for President—butthere are exceptions in favor of Scott and Taylor.

N. H.—Although the Democrats enried the StateElecticn yet the libeity reform is progressing, andthst State may well be proud of giving the onlyman who dares independently to advocate the rightsof tho whole American people in the United StatesSomite.

The Independent Democrat and Freeman hn»CJiinnoticed its 4th volume it has done much to reform the State—Success to it.

Missouri.—The Democratic Convention whichnominated A. A. King for Governor forgot theirswns a slave State when they, in remembrance ofFrance, passed the following resolution:

" /{esolved. That Missouri views with greatsympathy and intense interest the efforts of thePeople of France, to throw off the. yoke of tyranny

spotism, imd rear upon tho crumbling ruinsof moOfirehy a free and Republican Government;

them, as we do nil the world, goodi in tiB cause of liberty and equal rights."

:s—Owen Lovejoy is holding a series ofnga in this State. He is a Libeity candidate

for Congress—From his known ability, we shall;o accession to the liberty ranks in that

::—The Democrats seem to be in as great aquandary id Illinois as New York, but the major-ity leans towards freedom and at various meetingshave passed Resolutions against tho extension ofSlave territory. The whigs of Chicago go for Clay.

Maryland—Tho Into convention at Baltimoreresolved to support General Taylor for Presidentand nominated an equal number of Whigs and De-mocrats £ur electors. They adopted ao addressdeclaring tho old questions of Bank, 7'ariff, &c,obsdli ai ' ' at the Wilmot Proviso was the test—that the ol he has sus-

.J lii o principles which he esperi-... y rfi iresent3 in a manner which has secured the;f>9pe . of hi; brother Senators aud of the people at. » [Springfield (Mass.) Gaz]

(COMMUNICATED, )

Legal Collection of Debts.Man hns always been a trading, lending, borrow-

ing animal. He is the only being on earth thatmakes bargains to be fulfilled in future. The ex-changes of other animals are made with referenceto the present time only. The lion never leaves apart of the half-devoured carcass to a hungry com-rade, to be repaid by him at a future day ; nor doesthe dog lend his fellow a surplus bone to gnaw, oncondition of receiving, in a future time of need, a-nother bone in return.

The relation of Debtor and Creditor is foundedupon this ability of making contracts for the future.In all ages, and among all nations, at all advanced inthe arts of life, the relation of debtor and creditorhas existed. This is as it should be. Every manshould be left at liberty to make what bargains hepleases with his neighbors, But it is also true, that,in all ages, and in all nations, possessing a regulargovernment, the whole power of society has beenbrought to bear in favor of the creditor to compelthe debtor to fulfil l his contract with him.

Among some nations of antiquity, it is supposedthat the defaulting debtor became the absolute slaveof the creditor. And among the Jews, the wholeproperty of the debtor was seized by the creditor,and where that was found to be insufficient, thedebtor nnd his whole family were sold for tho ben-efit of the creditor, till the debt should be paidSee the story of tho man who owed 10,000 talentsin the New Testament.

But among modern civilized nations, the lnw hasrestricted the creditor to the whole property of thedebtor, with the privilege of putting the person ofthe debtor into the public prison. This seems tohave been designed as an engine of torture, thatthrough the dread of suffering the debtor might be-induced to pay what he owed. But ns the pros-pect of paying debts might in many cases be utterlyhopeless, provision was made in some parts of ourcountry that after imprisonment for a length oftime, he might "swear-out."

But under the process of imprisonment, tho fam-ily of the debtor, having been stripped of everythingmight become a charge upon the whole comunity.To obviate this, it was found best to exempt fromthe power of the creditor, some articles of indispen-sable necessity to the family of the debtor, as wellas a small supply of the necessaries of life.

Another most important step in legislation on thissubject has been the entire abolition of imprison-ment for debt. This is within the memory of thepresent generation. Many can remembei thestrenuous opposition to the measure which was |made, and the doleful prophecies put forth repect-ing its effects.

The PERSON of the debtor having been thus ex-empted from the power of the creditor, more andmore of his personal property has been exemptedfrom liability. Many of our legislators have had apersonal interest in extending the amount exempt-ed ; and they have also found that in a communitywhere almost every man is a voter, and the greatmass are not wealthy, it is popular to " do some-thing/or the poor man." Hence in our State, nsupply of clothing, provisions, books, furniture, &c,bas been exempted to every family ; and $250 worthof tools, stock, team, or whatever a man needs forcarrying on his business, amounting in the aggre-ate, to about SI,000. Besides this, the most lib-

eral provisions have been made for the support ofwidows and children, in preference to the paymentof creditors.

Tho law recently enacted allowing married wo-men to hold property independently of their hus-band, and free from all liabilities for their debts,was another step diminishing the power of the cred-

for the same purposes, and received his pay. ButB, the twenty first man, instead of being honest andtrustworthy as A supposed, proves to be knavish,indolent or vicious, snd does not pay, Why, nowshould the whole State of Michigan be put in re-quisition, and the judges be paid heavy salaries,twelve jurois be called from their work, a numberof witnesses called to repeated attendance in court,and slieri/fs and lawyers be employed at high ratesof compensation :—and for what? Why, becauseA foolishly made a mistake in trusting B supposinghim to be honest. This is a vast nmountof machine-ry to put in motion to remedy A's mistake. Noris it always effectual then. In a vast proportionof cases, the attempted callections are not made,and the expenses incurred became a partial or to-tal loss to the community. But at the best, sup-posing the whole amount collected, the whole ex-penses of collection often, not always, exceeds theaggregate sum collected. Where, then, is thetransaction? Would it not be better to let everyman trust every man upon his character, and whenhe sustained a loss of foolishly trusting another, toshoulder it without troubling the whole communi-ty with it, and become wiser for the future ? Itwill be understood of course, that future transac-ions made after the abolition of collectors by law,me here spoken of. Existing contracts should begoverned by existing laws,

In another paper, some reasons for making thischange will be presented.

T. FOSTER.

tor.Then came the Homestead law. Every family

must be SOME WHKRK ; and if they cannot own any

ind, they must b» driven about, from place to placeat the mercy of the land holders; or take refugeB the highways. In Texas, 200 acrei of laud are

now exempted from liabilities for debt: in Michi-gan, 40 acres : in Connecticut, an amount not ex-ceeding S300 in value ; and it is plain from theigns of the times, that in a few years, a homesteadf some kind will be granted to the debtor in all the

States.

From this brief history of legislation on the Cred-t System, it is evident to every person that itlas been all IN ONE DIRECTION. The power of the

reditor has been steadily curtailed, and his facilit-es for enforcing the legal collection of his debtsmore and moro cut short.

Tho question now arises, will this system of leg-slation bo preserved, will it become stationary,r will it continue to progress in the same direct-on in which it has always moved ?

That it will not be revised, is evident from thonet that all political power is now in tho hand oflie laboring partofcommunity. It has been throughheir influence that, laws in favor of the debtorlave been enacted; and think you that they willoluntarily imprison themselves again for debt, orive up their homes and the last articles of food andlothingfor their families, merely to gratify the classf Capitalists? Far from it. The power of makingaws lies with the pour; they will not enact anyvhich they conceive to bo against their own inter-st; nnd if at any time, they err in judgment in!iis matter, there will be no lack of keen-eyed po-ticians, on the bright look-out to gain popularityor themselves by pointing out their true interest,nd taking the lead in attaining it.

This system of legislation will not remain stalion-ry where it is. It is now incomplete and unfin-

shed. In some of its parts it is inconsistent withtself. Why exempt from execution 40 acres ofind, and 3'et let every acre of grain or producerow on it be liable to seizure by the creditor ?—iow much does this encourage the owner to CUL-IVAT E his land ? Besides, why exempt one thirdr one half the property in community from liabili-y for debt, and yet leave the remainder liable ?—f the creditor ought to be able to enforce his claimy law, then too much property is now exempted ;'it be not best that it should be thus enforced, then

of it should be exempt. Legislation will notong remains where it is ; and as it cannot go back-aid for the, reasons already given, its forward pro-ress is inevitable. In addition to this it may beemarked, that the vast change on this subjecthich has taken placo within the knowledge of theresent generation, gives most encouraging nssu-ince that the work thus rapidly prosecuted to theresent time, will go forward to completion withnabuted speed and vigor.

It is true, as before stated, that the power of so-ety has always been exerted to enforce paymentom tho debtor. But is there any sufficient rea-

on for this ? A, of his own accord, and for pur-oses of private gain, trusts B to the amount of $5.

He has trusted twenty other inerj the eamearaouDt,

For the Libert y Press.As the time is fast approaching when the (quasi)

freemen of Michigan, will be called upon once moreto use their franchise, for election of President andVice President of the United States. And as fromthe worse than Babel confusion which at presentcharacterizes the position of the Whig and demo-cratic parties there is peculiar encouragemont forthe friends of Liberty, not only to organize, but touse extra exertions in the great cause of Univer-sal freedom & emancipation. But especially, as allEurope is in a blaze with the great subject of uni-versal Liberty how inperatively are we of the U.Slates, called upon, to rid ourselves of the just re-proach of longer continuing the blaze of war, forthe extension of sla very?—not to say, continuingslavery itself, while almost all the Monarchial gov-ernments of the world, are taking active measuresto suppress and abolish the unrighteous, inconsist-ent, Anti-democratic institutions.

Without intending to write a dissertation at pres-ent—with the views above expressed. I wish tothrow out a suggestion for discussion—whether itwill not be advisable to take early measures for hol-ding, some time in September or October next, aa Mass Convention of tho Liberty Party for theState, at some central point, say at Battle Creek,Marshall, Albion or Jackson,

Let us hear from yourself and some other friendsupon the subject.

C. G.P. S. If I can find leisure, I will shortly take

some further notice of t ie Marshall Expounder,whose article you quoted in last number.

For the Libert y Press.MA T 5th, 1848.

I recently intimated to you the purpose of noti-cing the F.xpounder's article published in your pa-per of the 28th April. I now fulfil that intimation ;not for the mere purpose of controversy—nor toset the Expounder right with reference to the Ab-olitionists or the Liberty party, their purposes »ndprinciples. On this latter point you have alreadybeen sufficiently explicit. But having been led,from occasional reading, to consider that paper,not only reputable, in point of talent, but somewhatmore democratic than many of the papers of his par-ty, I deem the article deserving of notice, fromtho fact that the editor expresses satisfaction at thosethings which he predicates of your editorial, whichshows I must have been mistaken in my previouslyformed opinions; or that I am unfortunate, in notfully understanding the Expounder's meaning. Hscommences by saying:

" We are glad to see that the principles of Anti-Slavery are undergoing some modification." Now,waiving the absurdity of supposing that " princi-ples"—Anti-Slavery, or any other—can change, orbecome modified—and allowing for the sake of ar-gument, that " Anti-Slavery principles" couldcbange or become modified—what must be thechange or modification, which they must undergo,if any ! Why of course they must become less An-ti-Slavery, or actually ^ra-Slavery ; less republicanmid democratic, nnd more despotic or arbitray :For I give the Expounder credit for too much dis-cernment as well as talent, to suppose for a mo-ment, he will pretend that American Slavery, anymore than Russian despotism, is democratic. Tosuppose he will take the ground that despotism o-ver one million, is any different, as a matter of prin-ciple, from that exercised over one hundred mil-lions.

But what is it of which the Expounder is glad ?Why one of the things which seem to be a subjectof rejoicing, is, that he assumes the Liberty party

no longer advocate the doctrine that Congress hastho power to abolish the Slave trade between thoStates." This then \%>i subject of gratulation with"The Democratic Expounder! !" Were it true ofthe Liberty party, it should clothe the Expounderwith sackcloth, and the Liberty party with shameand confusion of fuce. But I am forced, howeverreluctantly, to the conclusion, that the Expounderadopts the principle of which he seems so enamoredLet us then, very briefly examine the propo-sition. The clause of the U. S. Constitutionon this 6uhjcct is in Art. 1, S°c. 8, clause 3—" Congress shall have power to regulate com-merce with foreign nations, and among theseveral States, and with the Indian tribes."

I t wil l at once be seen, there is not the slightest modification or restriction, or reservation,in the power granted. And until very recent-ly, there has never been a pretence, that Con-gress was in any manner limited in referenceto the slave trade any more than any othercommerce. Nay, Congress has from the veryfoundation of our government, acted upon theprinciple, and with the unanimous consent ofthe nation, that the wholo subject of foreign,inter-State and Indian trade and commerceunited in the general Government.

Under the clause above quoted, Congresspassed an act abolishing the African slave trade.Why 1 Because it was an inhuman foreigncommerce. And I ask any man acquaintedwith the subject, if the horrors of the " middlepassage," are more inhuman than the AMERI-

SLATE TRADE 1 Again, Congress abol-

ished the African slave trade because the wholosystem of Slavery, foreign and domestic, wasanti-republican, anti-democratic, and anti-chris-tian. Is the American Slave trade, in any re-spect, less anti-republican, anti-democratic oranti-christian, than the African 1 And whohas ever thought of questioning the legitimatepower of Congress in this matter ?

But Congress has also,under the same clauseregulated the inter-State slave trade. In 1820,Congress passed a law prohibiting under se-vere penalties, the inter-State slave trade invessels of less than forty tons burthen. Andthat article is yet in force. Now, I supposeit wil l be somewhat difficult for the Expoun-der to convince himself, much less others, thatif Congress may prohibit the slave trade in one,they may in all classes of vessels—if coastwise,then land-wise. And I shall not stop here toprove that if Congress have power to regulatethey have the whole power over the subject.This was settled by the embargo and non-in-tercourse acts of 1808 and 1809. Nay, it wassternly settled in the so called ' Missouri com-promise," For if Congress may prohibit Sla-very itself North of 36 1-2 degrees of Northlatitude, I suppose they may prohibit Slavery,a fortiori, the Slave trade, North of 26 1-2 de-grees of North latitude. In other words Northof the Gulf of Nexico.

This article, having already grown to toogreat dimensions, I shall be compelled to de-fer to a future occasion, some notice of othermatters, in the Expounder's editorial. C. G.

Union School.The Union School in our village, is every

day increasing in interest and standing. It op-ened on the second term, the first day of May,and now numbers 184 scholars. The continu-ed increase evinces its popularity. There arenow, four Teachers employed of unquestiona-ble ability. T. R. Harrison and lady so de-servedly popular as Teachers the last term arestill retained as suprintendents. The evidenceof the rapid progress of the pupils as exhibit-ed at the examination, at close of last term,was satisfactory, and highly gratifying, to allprese nt. The harmony that prevails in school,gives strong evidence of the advantages, andbenefits, of that system adopted by the in-structors, " that kindness is power." We wouldinvite the patrons, and others, to visit the schooland satisfy themselves of the utility and bene-fits resulting from this system. " By this meth-od alone, equal priviliges are secured to therich and the poor, in their advantages of Edu-cation.

We reccommend to all our readers, ofevery age and eex, a careful perusal of the re-cent debates in Congress, upon the greatsubject of Liberty of speech, and of the press—human rights, etc. Al l thinking intelligentbeings, have their influence, in greater or lessdegree.

That the ladies are equally interrested in ourcountri's good, and hold a vast deal of influ-ence, all wil l admit. Though we confess weshould not wish to see our fair friends at theballot box, (a measure which we see has beenrecently advocated by some)we believe the in-fluence they now possess, (were it efficientlyexerted) to be, not only more becoming1, butfar more potent in its effects upon community.We again invite them to read,and inform them-selves, not only for their own particular andindividual benefit and enjoyment, but that theymay be better qualfiad,to exert the right kindof influence over the youth of our land, asmothers, sisters, or in what ever relations theymay hold to them—for upon these, may yetdevolve the very heat, and burden of this "bat-tle"—Though we hope for a speedy termina-tion of it, securing to the rising generation, theenjoyment of our superior Institutions, un-trameled, and unpolluted, by this "foul plague-spot" Slavery.

Th» following unmistakable preambleand resolutions were passed at the last sessionof the Delaware Legislature which embodythe sentiments of a large majority of the cit-izens of this state who see too clearly thewrongs and evils of slavery to its desire ex-tension and propogation.

We enpy form the Blue Hen's Chickens,Wilmington, Delaware,

" Whereas a crisis has arrived in the publicaffairs of this nation, which requires the fulland free expression of the people through theirlegal representatives; and whereas the UuitedStates is at war with a sister Republic, occa-sioned by the annexation of Texas, with aview to the addition of slave territory to ourcountry, and the extension of the slave powerin our Union; and whereas, in the opinion ofthis General Assembly, such acquisitions arehostile to the spirit of our free institutions, andcontrary to 6ound morality : Therefore, be it

Resolved, By the Senate and House of Rep-resentatives of the S

SO. G. MICHIGAN LIBERTY PRESS, MAY 19, 1848.Congressional.

Th» Senatu was not in session oa Saturday,May 6,

'L he House of Representatives was engaged onprivate claims.

WASmwoTOjr. Monday, May 8.SKXATE.—Mr. V>\\ of N. V. presented the res

olutione of that State in favor of the payment ofFrench claims for spoliations prior to the year 1800.Mr. D. said the subject was one of vast importance,and frcn the justice oi the churns, so long deferred,now endorsed by the Legislature of the Stato ofNaw-York, entitled them to the respectful consideration of the Senate. They were on motion dulyreceived and ordered to be printed.

Mr. Upham of Vt. presented resolutions Rdopt-ed by the Legislature of that State in favor ofWhimsy's Railroad extending from Lake Michi-gan to the Pacific, which were oa motion duly re-ceived and ordered to be printed.

After the transaction of some other unimportantbusiness, on motion, the bill previously reported,adopted as the special order of the day, for the aidand relief of Yucatan, was taken up.

Mr. Houston then rose and made an able speechin support of the bill. He defended the War withMexico, and charged that Annexation caused thewar, and not the march of troops to the left bankof the Rio Grande, which no more produced thewar than the march of Gen. Taylor'iforcei to Cor-pus Christi.

Mr. Cass moved a resolution calling upon thePresident for all correspondence relating to Yuca-tan, which was adopted. Senate adjourned.

Mr. Johnson of Maryland, moved to take up theresolution which ho had previously offered; askingthe President to inform the Senate whether therewere officers employed in the military service ofthe United States whose nominations had not beensent inKt the Senate, and if so, his reasons for with-holding them.

Mr Johnson, making the motion, addressed theSenate in favor of the resolution. He strenuous-ly contended that the Senate had a right to knowwhy the President had not sent in the nominationsGen. Gideon J. Pillow and Gen. Caleb dishing,with the mimes of other officers. He said it wasthe first time in tho history of our Government thatnominations had buen thus unreasonably delayed.

Mr. Niles of Ct. contended that the Presi-dent, as an individual, was not subject to theSenate, or its mandates ; but that he, as thoExecutive, was a coordinate branch of theGovernment, and that, as such, was beyondthe power or control of the Senate, and thatthe Seriate had no power to inquire into, or tocall in question rights granted to him by theConstitution.

-1 ..iii.sun rose, and was about pring to reply, but Mr. Hannegan, of Ind. mov-ed to take up the bill relating to the relief pro-posed to be supplied to Yucatan, in the wayof. military occupation, &phia Barbor aged#5 V»ars,

GRAND MMAGERIE!TRIUITPHJL F.yi'RY OF THE

NEW AND GORGEOUS

C O L O S S E A N C H A R I O T !Drawn by Ten Orey lloincs,

OF THE LARGEST 8IZT,

Containing tlio New York BRASS BAND, which wil lpreoedothe carriages containing the various Auiinels.the whole forming a GBANt) I'ROCESTIO.N.

On euteriiis.' Bach place of Exhibition, The dimen-sions of this stnpenduous work of Sculptural and Decor-ative art, are 'is follows :Height to summit of canopyLength of chariotWeight iu lull

20 fret30

SOOOlbs-

Wil l be Exhibited at Battle, Creek onWednesday May 24, 1S4S. from 1 to 4 P. U.

The Proprietor respectflly announces to the public thaton this occasion they wil l have an opporttuityof witnes-sing the novel and during performance of

Itt 'Uewho, during the past winter, has created so great an

lent in the Eastern cities.and has gained for her-self tho titlo of the

Sho will enter the den of the fiercest animals with therenowned

I l E K I tunder whose instructions she has been taught to prac-rice that almost superhuman exhibition of self-possession,feariless adress,, and indomitable courage,

The ease and tact which she displays in bringing minul* to crouch at her f'crt.

BIIOWS thn wonderful supremacy of the human mindute force and ferocity.

II-r r Driesbach has exhibited in almost every part olthe civilized ling power which he poj-ess'-s nvcr the animal creation. The performances olthe Teacher and tile l'npil, with their pet family ofTusof the \w.-t savage animals, shows mans weride fiil do-minion over the Beasts of the field and the wild deni-zens "i'the Forest.

Tho following is a list of tht Animals in this extensiveMenagarie,

Herr Driesba«h's Trained Animals:A full grown Numidian Lion, Aniastic Lioness, Afri -

can Lio "i- Silver Lion of South America, Af-rican HantingLeopard, Chectaor small Asiatic LeopardCougar,, Pet Tigor from Brazil, Royal Bengal Tigar-

The War Fl< l.li.ml Ilitnnibnl ,AX ARABIA* PACK CAMEL.

Cage No. 1 contains a Canadian Elk." " 2 An African /

, " " 3 An Emu, or New Holland Ostrich, and Kangaroo.

" " 4 A pair of Peruvian Llamas." " 5 Powees, Macaws, Parrots, Armadillo, ant

Egyptian Weazel." " 6 Zebu, or Sacred Bull of Burmah." " 7 Full grown Lion, Lioness, and Leopard" " 8 Asiatic Lioness, Tiger, Puma, and African

Leopard," " 9 Royal Bengal Tiger, the only one in the U

States." " 10 Four North American Panthers." " 11 Pair of Brazilian Tigers, and Prairie Wolves" ' 12 Pairof 8potted, or Grave Bobbing Hyenns" ' 13 Senegal Leopard, and Buach or Strand.Hy

ena-" " ' 4 Russia i and North American Brown anc

Black B-) Cl»-—Children under JO yoars oage 15 cents.

Wil l eUo he h«M s» MirshaU May 23

By Tclfsrraph .New York, May 17tli, 3 o'clock P. M.

The market for stock to day was heavy.—

FLOUR MARIIET—The demand for flour

3 less aciivo to day und heavy. Good brands

irmerthun poor. Sales at $5,95a6 for Oswe-

jo, Genesee common to very good, $6,25.

Corn dull, sales at 57a58c.

The Buffalo Commercial Advertiser of

esterday, says freights range from 50 to 52

or flour to Albany 14 to 15 for wheat, 11 to

2 for corn.

Detroit, May 17th 5. P. M.

The Yucatan troubles have been settled by

he appointment of an Indian Chief for life o-

'er the Indians, and also a Government for

ife over the whites.

DETROIT, May 17.

The flour market exhibited more firmness

yesterday under theadvices by Cambria, which

we published in our last, and buyers seem in-

clined to advance their views from the quota-

ion of the day previous.

There is but a very limited quantity now on

sale in the market, and the receipts continue

ight.

Sales of 2C0 bbls, Livingston Mill s at$4,90;

120 bbls Farmers' Mill s at $1,87 1-2 ; 100

bis Phoenix $4,90, and 100 bbls Marengo at

same price.

Freights are low, shipments being made at

L8c by steam for flour and not much offering

at that price.

Battle Creak Market.—Wheat Si, Oats 38c.

^orn 38c.

J3P* Late accounts from Yucatan state that

he Government has made a treaty with Ja-

:into Pat the Chief of the Indians, the terms

of which are first, that Pat shall be Governor

"or life of the Indians of Yucatan. Second

hat Don Miguel Barbashano shall be Gover-

nor for life of the whites of the State. Third,

hat 2500 muskets taken from the Indians be-

bre the treaty shall be given up to Pat.—

fourth, all debts due by the Indians to their

masters shall be forgiven. Fifth, unoccupied

ands which have been sold by the Govern-

nent shall be again held in common. Sixth.

Ho personal tax shall be paid in Yucatan.—

eventh, provides that the Descho de Estola

thall be reduced.

New Orleans, May, 5th, P. M.

The Schooner Heroine which sailed from

Vera Cruz on the 26th ult. has arrived at N

0. with dates of the 20lh from the City of

Uexico.

Sevier reached the Capital on the 18th.

Strong hopes were entertained that the Mex-

can Congress] would assemble and ratify tho

reaty. Robberies, Murders and outrages of

?very description are (if frequent occurrence

Mexico. Soyier and Clifford were invited

to Queretaro where the Mexicans suppose that

)ur Commissioners will modify the treaty.

Parades is reported to be marching to Quer

etaro to depose the Government. Tho report

mivever is doubted.

'j s~ Readers! we do not wish to inflict uon you tooonstant notices of what is to be found iu our adverti-

sing colnnins, worthy of your attention,—nor do wewish you to believe we arc? always paid for puffing anirticl e into noticeWe rue not. now ptifliug "Vaughn's Lithontriptic" forinjustice t,n the medicine we must say it stands so highthat our pull* would ne\ er frive ita greater latitude, if itrises any higher it must by it* own intrisic merit, it isalready far above any other Panacea of the age. Whileupon the subject we wil l give an extract from a letterdated

,' NEW LONDON, Conn. Sept. 17, 1846.Mr. G C. VAUGHN.—I have the pleasure to write for

more Lithontriptic, and will inform yon that I havemade it my purpose io learn tho result of the trial foevery bottle lold- It has farexceeded my mostsanguiuoexpectations, It is a great article. A man of my ac-quaiutonce has been under medical care fora long time.«o.1 fined to his bed with gravel—he is now able to at-tend to his business. Such has been its effect in allkiuds ofcomplaentu—it will have a great sale. &c. &c.

Yours, F. L. ALL EX.Reader ! get a pamphlet and rend about it, ili e Agenthis them to giveaway. Look into our columns forVaughn's Lithontriptic " the Great American Remedy,"

Atlnii u i«l i-alorl 4l(I«,

NOTICE is hereby given that by virtue of an crder ofSale granted by the 9udge of Probate of the Coun-ty of Calhoun to the undersigned, administrator cf theestate of Thomas Willson, deceased, late of tho Town-ship of LeRoy in said County—I shall sell at publicvendue to the highest bidder, at the Battle Oreek housein tho village of Battle Creek in the County aforsaid onthe 1st, day of July next between the hours ot'ono andtwo o'clock in the afternoon of that day, the follow-ing described real estate to wit: Six Lots on Block Sixin Ea't Bittl e Creek in said County being tho fourEast Lots and tlie two lying south of lots lately ownedby ono Edmund Astley. 6

E. PACKER AdministrateDated May 17, 1S48-

Tub Factory.rIE SUBSCRIBER takes pleasure in Informing thepublic that he has resumed the business of Tubmaking and is ready to supply the public with articlesof his manufacture on as reasonable terms as any otherextabliahmeut in the State. He proposes to manufacturenothing but Wash-Tubs, and he wil l guarantee thul allwork shall be of the best quality, The patronage of thepublio is solicited.

E. UA1LEY.BaUle Creek May. 19 184S.

STATE of MICHIGAN—The Circuit Court for theeoiriiy of Cftlhoun—In Chancery. At a session ofsaid court, hold at Marshall on the i!5th day ol April,A. D., 18-18. Present Hon. Geo. Miles, Circuit Judge.

CLARISSA A. McCOURTIE, Complainant,vernus

OLIVER R. McCOURTIE, Defendant.It satisfactorily appearing to this Court that the de-

fendant, Oliver R. McCourtie, is a non-resident of thisState, and that he resides iu the State of Indiana—Onmotion of William C. Rowley, Solicitor for the Com-plainant, it iy ordered that the said defendant, OliverB. McCourtie, cause his appearance to be entered with-in three months from the date of this orJer, and thatin case of his appearance he cause h's answer to thecomplainant's bill of complaint to be filed and a copythereof to be served on the complainant's Solicitor with-in twenty days altar service of a copy of said bill andnotice of this Order; and in default thereof that the saidbill be taken as confessed by the said defendant, OliverR. Courtie.

And it is further ordered that within twenty days thesaid complainant cattle a copy of this order to be pub-lished in the Michigan Liberty Press, a newspaper pub-lished at Battle Creek, iu the county of Calhoun, andthat the said publication be continued in said paper atleast once in each week for six weeks in succession, orthat she cause a copy of this Order to be personally ser-ved on the said defendant, Oliver R. McCourtie, at Iea6ttweuty days before the time above prescribed for his appearance. (A true copy) JOHN MEACHEM, Regis'r.

WM . C. ROWLEY, Solicitor for Complainant. 4-6w

STAB OF MICHIGAN, ?County of Calhoun ss. £

AT a Court of Prolate held at the office of the Judgethereof in Marshall, on the 5th day of May, A D.,1848. Present Horace A. Noyes, Judge of Probate.

In the matter of the estate of Eleazer McCamly de-ceased.

Upon reading and filing the petition of Sands M'Cam-ly, executor of the last wil l and testament of said de-ceased, duly verified, praying for reasons therein setforth, for license and authority to sell certain real es-tate iu said petition described.

Thereupon it is ordered that the consideration of saidpetition be postponed until the 17th day of June next,atone o'clock iu the afternoon, at the Probate Office inMarshall aforesaid—at which lime and place all personsinterested in the estate are hereby directed to appearbelore the Judge of Probate aforesaid, to show csiu.sewhy a license should not be granted to said executor,to sell so much of the real estate of said deceased asshall be necessary to pay the debts, legacies and expen-ses of settlement of the estate of said deceased.

And it is further ordered that said executor cause acopy of this order to be published in the Michigan Lib-ertv Press, a newspaper printed and circulating in saidcounty, for four successive weeks prior to the time ofhearing in the premises.

4 H A. NOYES, Judge of Probate.

STATE of MICHIGAN—The Circuit Court for thec'ouniy of'Calhoiin—In Chancery. At a session ofsaid court, held at Marshall on ihe 27lh day of April ,in llieyeir one tbougaiDd eignt hundred and Ibrty-eightPresent Hon. George Miles. Circuit Judge.

ORLANDO PATEE, Complainant,versus

GIDEON F. SMITH, BETSEY DUTCHER andSOLOMON DUTCHER, Defendants.

It satisfactorily appearing to this Court that BetseyDulclier and Solomon Dulclier two ol tlie ileCendantr-in this cause are iion-ro*ideiils and that tl;ey residein the Slate of Ohio—On motion of Abner E. Campbell, Solicitor lor the Coni|)lainanl, il iu ordered thatthe said defendants, Bstsey Dincher and SolomonDutcher cause their appearance to be entered withinthree moni-hs Irom ihc date of this order, and that incase of their appearance they cause theiranswer to thecomplainant's bill to be filed a.n'1 a copy thereof to beserved on the complainant's Solicitor within twentydays alter service of a copy of said bill and notice ofthis order; and in default thereof that the sail! bill beiak«n as confessed by the saicj ilei'cndanls BetseyDulclier and Solomon DuoUier.

And it is further ordered that within fventy daysihe said complainant cause a copy at' this order to bepublished in the " Michigan Liberty Pre i.-h tobay cho «>p.

Physicians, Merchants, I*edl«rs, Th .11 short.11 can make 1 > !iing,as I amdeterminod not

to be UNDERSOLD, either at whole tail, byany similar establishment this side of New.York.

A. T. HAVENSBattle Creel;, April , 13, I

" H o l d Y o u r H o r s e s ?'

THE SUBSCRIBER would infonowa nddle aud

Harnessjbuvi hat'i- ' on hand, Asis Coustantlv manufacturing,Saddles, Harness, Bridles,.11.ilt- rs, Trunks, Trunki es, Carpet Bags,Whins. &c., &C.-, which will be hereafter Sold ti—and Cash only—at prioes down, down, .lawn so lowyou wil l think he stole the stock, or that Iheir is somomistake about it. Call and see. et yourPocket Book, Shop on Main St. <House"—Blgn of the mammoth Collor.

Battle Creek. April , 18 IS. R. K. (>6G< M )D

TU BLACKSMITHS —Anvil-. dgeaaclhand liamrtiors, screw plates, and a gocd assort-mentof ivon and steel,for suleby William Brook*

Battle Creek. April 13, 1848.

School Books.

THEY DO SAY that Havens has the best foolscap,letter and billet paper, and that he sells books low-in at any other establishment in town. Call anH

see for yourselves. J

Ma r s h al H o u s e, by L. KINGSBURY, Marsha!all, Michigan. Stage leaves this house for the Northand South.

Dissolutiou.

T HE PARTNERSHIP heretofore existing betweenthe undersigned subscribers is this day dissolved bymutual consent. All persons indebted to the above firmwil l confer a favor by calling aud settling immediately.

S. B, THAYER,C. E. 3AKTLETT.

Battle Creek, April 20, ISIS. 2-4

S T O V E S !! S T O V E S: : :NEW E S T A B L I S H M E NT

rpHE UXDERSIGXED having opened a store oneJL door East of W. H. Colemun.'3, respectfully invitethe attention of the Stove buying community to aa ex

The attenton of tno stove bnyjug comm.nai» i» res- | ̂ nat ion of their Stock before purg ing elsewhere.psctfuLy &O_ . _ o ! ^ - ;t

24 MICHIGAN LIBERTY PRESS, MAY 19, 1848. YOL. 1.(coNTrNUED FROM FIRST PAGE.)

Mr, HALE. When did I avow thatproved of this movement?

Mr. FOOTE. I will show it from this bill.—I challenge the Senator to produce any suchitatute from the statute book of any State ofthis Union

Mr. HALE. I have said that the bill is insubstance identical with one of the statutes ofthe State of Maryland. I have that stattue be-fore me, and will hand it to the Senator.

Mr. JOHNSON, of Maryland. Allow me«ee it.

Mr FOOTE. HOW are we to understand theSenator T He will not acknowledge that hisobject is to encourage such conduct, and lieshuns the responsibility. When we chargeupon him, that he himself has breathed, in thecourse of his harangue of 'his morning, the»ame spirit which has characterized this act,he says, most mildly and quietly, " By nomeans ;I have only attempted to introduce abill conespondins: substantially with the lawon the statute books of most of the States ofthe confederacy." And the Senator sup-poses that all of us are perfectly demented ordo not know the nature of the case, the cir-cumstances or the motives which have actua-ted the Senator. Wil l he undertake to as-sert that he would have ever thought of sucha bill, if these slaves had not been abductedfrom the District in opposition to the con-sent of their owners, by the parties engagedin this marauding expedition ? He cannot de-ny it; and therefore I am authorized to cometo the conclusion, that he introduced the billfor the purpose of covering and protectingthat act, and encouraging similar acts in fu-ture. What is the phraseology of the bill ?[The honorable Senator here read the bill ]Who doubts now, the object of the Senatorfrom New-Hampshire was to secure the Cap-tains of vessels and others engaged in any at-tempts by violence to capture and steal theslaves of this District? No man can doubt it.Then, I ask, have I used language too harsh ?and is it not a fact, that the Senator is en-deavoring to evade a responsibility which heis not willing to acknowledge.

Mr. HALE . Wil l the Senator give way fora moment 1 I will read an extract from thelaw of Maryland to which I referred. Wil lthe Senator be good enough to look at mybill while I read ?

"A n acl relating to Riot* .

" SEC. 1. Be it enacted by the GeneralAssembly of Maryland, That from and afterthe passage of this act, if any county or incor-porated town or city of this State, any church,chapel, or convent, any dwelling-house, anyhouse used or designed by any person, orby any body politic or corporate, as a placefor the transaction of business or depositeof property, any ship, ship yard, or lumberyard, any barn, stable, or other out-house, orany articles of personal property, shall be in-jured or destroyed, or if any property thereinor thereon shall be taken away, injured, or de-stroyed, by any riotous or tumultuous assem-blage of people, the full amount of the dam-age shall be recoverable by the sufferer orsufferers, by suit at law against the county,town, or city, within whosejurisdiction suchriot or tumult occurred. Provided, however,That no such liability shall be incurred bysuch county, incorporated town, or city, un-less the authorities thereof shall have hadgood reason to believe that such riot or tu-multuous assemblage was about to take place,or, having taken place, should have had no-tice of the same in time to prevent said injuryor destruction, either by their own police orwith the aid of the citizens of such county,town, or city ; it being the intention of thisact, that no such liability shall be devolvedon such county, town, or city, unless the au-thorities thereof, having notice, have also theability, of themselves or ivhih their own citi-zens, to prevent said injury. Provided', fur-ther, That in no case shall indemnity be re-ceived where it shall be satisfactorily provedthat the civil authorities and citizens of saidcounty, town, or city, when called en by t'iecivil authorities thereof, have used all reas-onable diligence and all the powers intrustedto them for ihe prevention or suppression ofsuch riotous or unlawful assemblies.

" SEC. 2. And be it enacted, That in any suitinstituted under this act, the plaintiffor plain-tiffs m».y declare generally, and give the spe-cial matter in evidence."

The honorable Senator will surely now dome the justice to say, that the bill was no!draughted with reference to any particularcase, such as that to which he refers. Ihad not the remotest reference to the protec-tion of individuals conerned in transactionsof that character; but if I should undertaketo say that I had not reference to demonstra-tions growing out of that transaction, I shouldbe saying what was false, for it was these de-monstrations which induced me to introduce

rule of action which the Senate thus wiselyaP" prescribed for itself. Upon this question ol

slavery we know there are different opinionsentertained in different quarters of the Union.I stand here,representing the interests of oneportion of that Union ; but I could not, if Iwould, bring myself to a state of excitemntand alarm, in consequence of any menacesthat might be thrown out. I stand upon theconstitutional compromises; and, while ]

t 0 would not invade the rights of other, I amvery sure that the sound portion of the com-munity will not invade our rights. Whyshould we pursue this discussion ? Is it be-lieved that we are to be reasoned out of ourrights 1 Are we to be reasoned out of ourconvictions? No, sir. Then why discuss thesubject ? Why not staud upon our rights,upon our constitutional compromises? Whynot stand thus perfectly passionless, but pre-pared to defend them when they shall be as-sailed ? But are they to be assailed ? Sir,nothing has occured during this session, thathas afforded me more satisfaction, than tohear,from some of the ablest and most distin-guished men in this Union, the declaration,that whilst they are opposed to an extensionof the area of slavery, they are not disposedto trample upon the compromises of the Con-stitution. This is our strength. It is to befound in the patriotism of those who love theinstitutions of our country better than party.I believe the great body of the people are pre-pared to stand upon tha compromises of theConstitution. This is our strength. It is tobe found in the patriotism of those who lovethe institutions of our counlry better than par-ty. I believe the great body of the peopleare prepared to stand upon the compromisesof the Constitution. It is upon this groundthat I stand content and passionless ; and ilI know myself, I shall ever continue to do so.

Sir no good can result from this discussion.I shall vote against the reception of the bill atthis time. And why? Because I think thatthe occasion which is selected for its intro-duction is a very unhappy one. It seems togrow out of the occurrences of an unwarrant-able trespass recently committed upon therights of the citizens of this District, withoutbeing directed to the prevention of such ag-gressions in future, but, on the contrary, hav-ing for its object the suppression of the man-ifestations of the feelings of indignation whichsuch acts naturally create. We, who are theonly legislators for the District of Columbia,are not informed of their wants and wishes inregard to legislation upon this subject. Ifthe people of this District require any otherlaws than they already have, for the purposeof protecting their property against unlaw-ful violence, let them indicate to us theirwishes; and I shall be ready to lend a will -ing ear to their request, and to aid in passingsuch a law as in my judgement may be ne-cessary for their protection. If, on the oth-er hand, the citizens of this District shouldrequire other and more penal laws for thepurpose of protecting theii slave property, Ishall be as ready to vote for a bill for thatpurpose. But I shall never vote for the onenor the other, when I find them pressed for-ward by gentlemen of extreme opinions—gentlemen from remote portions of the Union,having few feelings in common with the citi-zens of the District.

Sir, upon these subjects I am accustomedto look to the silent operation of the law forthe protection of all our rights. In (he Statefrom which I came, there is no excitementwith regard to these subjects. If I knowanything of the character of that loyal, steady,fixed, and moderate State, there is not a-in no State in the Union which will hold toher principles and her rights with more firm-ness than that Siate. But we appeal to thesilent operation of the law ; we knownothinof mob law, or of Lynch law; we know not!ing of exercisesof this description. AlthougI have lived to be an old man, most ofthtime in North Carolina, I have never seeanything in that Slate approximating even ta spirit of popular tumult;

Mr. FOOTE. Wil l the honorable Senatoallow me to ask him whether, in the case oa conspiracy to excite insurrection fcmongthslaves, it would not, in his opinion, justifymob proceedings ?

Mr. MAXCUM . Oh! my dear sir, in former years we had a compen lious mode odisposing of such cases. We have nowmode equally certain, though not so cornpondious. Upon a matter of that nature, wetake a strong ground. But I am not bdriven hastily into legislation that is proposecby gentlemen-who entertain extreme opinionon either side. I am accustomed to look tothe people of the District for an exposition o

the bill.Mr. FOOTE. In one breath the Senator

makes two directly contradictory assertions.He says that he did not draw the bill in re-ference to this case, and in the same breathdeclares that he did. He disclaims in onemoment that which he avows in the next! Iam sorry that I have occupied the attentionof the Senate so long. I have felt deeply onthis subject. We have witnpssed this morn-ing the first attempt on this floor «o violatethe constitutional rights of the South, and Ihope it will be the last. I trust that the in-dignation of the country will be so aroused,that even in the quarter of the country fromwhich he comes, the Senator from NewHampshire, although his sensibilities are notvery approachable, will be made to feel as-hamed of his conduct.

Mr. MANOUM. It has been now about four-teen years, I belive, since the Senate verywisely, by the concurrence of the ablest andmost distinguished men on both sides, cameto the resolution to exclude discussion uponthe inflaming topic of slavery ; and that whenabolition petitions were presented, upon thequestion of reception, a motion should be en-tenaiued—which motion if not debatable —an 1 the vote takenupon it to lay the motion forreception upon the table. There has been,ever since t-his rule was established, a steadyand uniform adherance to it ; but I am sorry

their wants in regard to legislation. Theynecessarily understand them belter than wecan do. Upon their suggestion, I am pre-pared to act either in providing penal enact-ments for the protection of their slave prop-erty, or for protecting other descriptions oproperly from mob violence. I do not intentto enter into the question as to the proprietyof making property holders, to some extent,answerable for any damage that may accruefrom such violence, where they have a policein existence. I understand that in Marylandthey have such a law, applicable to townsand cites where they have a police. But en-tertaining the views I do, believing that thismovement is wholly inexpedient on this occa-sion—having no evidence that it would beprope