U-Net GSM Operation Manual

Huawei Technologies Proprietary

HUAWEI

GENEX U-Net Wireless Network Planning Software Operation Manual for GSM


Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support and service. Please feel free to contact our local office or company headquarters.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Address: Administration Building, Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.,

Bantian, Longgang District, Shenzhen, P. R. China

Postal Code: 518129

Website: http://www.huawei.com

Email: [email protected]


Copyright 2005 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All Rights Reserved

No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Trademarks

, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, , ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC,

TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium, M900/M1800, TELESIGHT, Quidview, Musa, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA, iTELLIN, HUAWEI OptiX, C&C08 iNET, NETENGINE, OptiX, iSite, U-SYS, iMUSE, OpenEye, Lansway, SmartAX, infoX, TopEng are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

All other trademarks mentioned in this manual are the property of their respective holders.

Notice

The information in this manual is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this manual do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.


About This Manual

Intended Audience

The manual is intended for the following readers:

z Marketing staff z Installation engineers & technicians z Operation & maintenance personnel

Conventions

This document uses the following conventions:

I. General conventions

Convention Description

Arial Normal paragraphs are in Arial.

Arial Narrow Warnings, Cautions, Notes and Tips are in Arial Narrow.

Bold Headings, Command, Command Description are in boldface.

Terminal Display Terminal Display is in Courier New; message input by the user via the terminal is in boldface.

II. Symbols

Eye-catching symbols are also used in the manual to highlight the points worthy of special attention during the operation. They are defined as follows:

Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the

operation.

Note, Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary description.

GENEX U-Net Wireless Network Planning Software Operation Manual for GSM Table of Contents


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Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction to This Manual........................................................................................ 1-1 1.1 Contents and Structures of the Manual ............................................................................. 1-1 1.2 Intended Readers .............................................................................................................. 1-1

Chapter 2 Creating a GSM Project............................................................................................... 2-1 2.1 Overview of Creating a GSM Project................................................................................. 2-1 2.2 Creating a Project .............................................................................................................. 2-1

2.2.1 Procedure................................................................................................................ 2-2 2.2.2 Interface Introduction .............................................................................................. 2-2

2.3 Selecting a Coordinate System ......................................................................................... 2-3 2.3.1 Setting the Projection Coordinate System .............................................................. 2-4 2.3.2 Setting the Display Coordinate System .................................................................. 2-5

2.4 Importing 3D Map .............................................................................................................. 2-6 2.4.1 Importing PlaNet Index Map.................................................................................... 2-7 2.4.2 Importing the Maps with Common Data Formats ................................................. 2-13 2.4.3 Importing a Map with Other Formats..................................................................... 2-16

2.5 Creating a Site ................................................................................................................. 2-17 2.5.1 Creating a Single Site ........................................................................................... 2-17 2.5.2 Moving a Single Site ............................................................................................. 2-18 2.5.3 Deleting a Single Site............................................................................................ 2-19 2.5.4 Setting the Properties of a Single Site and of a Transmitter................................. 2-19 2.5.5 Create a Group of Sites ........................................................................................ 2-22 2.5.6 Setting a Template ................................................................................................ 2-22

2.6 Importing the Network Data ............................................................................................. 2-24 2.6.1 Importing the Antenna Data .................................................................................. 2-25 2.6.2 Importing the Site Data ......................................................................................... 2-25 2.6.3 Importing the Transmitter Equipment Data ........................................................... 2-26 2.6.4 Importing the Transmitter Data ............................................................................. 2-27 2.6.5 Importing the Subcell Data.................................................................................... 2-29 2.6.6 Importing the TRX Data ........................................................................................ 2-30 2.6.7 Importing the Neighbor Cell Data.......................................................................... 2-31 2.6.8 Setting the Network Resources............................................................................. 2-32

Chapter 3 Setting the Propagation Models................................................................................. 3-1 3.1 Overview............................................................................................................................ 3-1 3.2 Propagation Models........................................................................................................... 3-2

3.2.1 Okumura-Hata Model.............................................................................................. 3-3 3.2.2 SPM Model.............................................................................................................. 3-4

3.3 Selecting a Propagation Model.......................................................................................... 3-5



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3.3.1 Setting a Propagation Model Universally ................................................................ 3-5 3.3.2 Setting a Propagation Model Individually................................................................ 3-6 3.3.3 Setting a Propagation Model by Table.................................................................... 3-6

3.4 Calibrating the Propagation Models................................................................................... 3-7 3.4.1 Calibrating the Okumura-Hata Model ..................................................................... 3-7 3.4.2 Calibrating the SPM Model ..................................................................................... 3-9

Chapter 4 Setting the Predications.............................................................................................. 4-1 4.1 Overview............................................................................................................................ 4-1 4.2 Adjusting the Prediction Properties.................................................................................... 4-1 4.3 Setting the Shadow Margin................................................................................................ 4-3 4.4 Drawing a Computation Zone............................................................................................ 4-3

4.4.1 Drawing a Computation Zone ................................................................................. 4-3 4.4.2 Editing a Computation Zone.................................................................................... 4-4 4.4.3 Deleting a Computation Zone ................................................................................. 4-4 4.4.4 Saving a Computation Zone.................................................................................... 4-4 4.4.5 Importing a Computation Zone................................................................................ 4-4

4.5 Creating a Prediction Study ............................................................................................... 4-5 4.5.1 Creating Coverage by transmitter ........................................................................... 4-6 4.5.2 Creating Coverage by Signal Level ........................................................................ 4-8 4.5.3 Creating the Overlapping Zones ............................................................................. 4-8 4.5.4 Creating Coverage by C/I level ............................................................................... 4-8 4.5.5 Creating the Interfered Zones ............................................................................... 4-10 4.5.6 Adjusting the Prediction Property.......................................................................... 4-10 4.5.7 Saving the Prediction Type ................................................................................... 4-11

4.6 Calculating a Prediction Study......................................................................................... 4-12 4.7 Checking the Prediction Report ....................................................................................... 4-12

Chapter 5 Traffic Modeling ........................................................................................................... 5-1 5.1 Overview of Traffic Modeling ............................................................................................. 5-1 5.2 Setting a Terminal Type..................................................................................................... 5-2

5.2.1 Setting the GPRS 900 1800 Property ..................................................................... 5-2 5.2.2 Creating a Terminal Type........................................................................................ 5-3

5.3 Setting the Mobility Types.................................................................................................. 5-3 5.3.1 Setting the 50km/h Properties................................................................................. 5-4 5.3.2 Creating a Mobility Type ......................................................................................... 5-4

5.4 Setting a Service Type....................................................................................................... 5-5 5.4.1 Setting the Property for Mobile Internet Access...................................................... 5-5 5.4.2 Creating a Service Type.......................................................................................... 5-5

5.5 Setting the User Profiles .................................................................................................... 5-6 5.5.1 Setting the Properties for Bussiness User .............................................................. 5-6 5.5.2 Creating the User Profile......................................................................................... 5-7

5.6 Setting a Traffic Environment ............................................................................................ 5-7



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5.6.1 Setting the Properties for Dense Urban .................................................................. 5-7 5.6.2 Creating a Traffic Environment ............................................................................... 5-8

5.7 Setting the Traffic Map....................................................................................................... 5-9 5.7.1 Creating a Map Based on Environments ................................................................ 5-9 5.7.2 Creating a Map Based on User Profiles................................................................ 5-10 5.7.3 Creating a Map Based on Transmitters and Services .......................................... 5-12 5.7.4 Creating a Map Based on Traffic Densities .......................................................... 5-12

5.8 Creating the Traffic Analysises ........................................................................................ 5-14 5.8.1 Calculating a Traffic Analysis ................................................................................ 5-14 5.8.2 Checking the Traffic Analysis Result..................................................................... 5-14

Chapter 6 Network Dimensioning................................................................................................ 6-1 6.1 Overview............................................................................................................................ 6-1 6.2 Setting a Dimensioning Model ........................................................................................... 6-1 6.3 Calculating the Network Dimensioning.............................................................................. 6-2 6.4 Calculating the KPIs .......................................................................................................... 6-2

Chapter 7 Enabling Automatic Frequency Planning ................................................................. 7-1 7.1 Overview............................................................................................................................ 7-1 7.2 Setting the AFP Calculation Model .................................................................................... 7-1 7.3 Performing the Automatic Frequency Planning ................................................................. 7-2 7.4 Checking the Frequency Planning Result ......................................................................... 7-6

Chapter 8 Other Features in U-Net .............................................................................................. 8-1 8.1 Overview............................................................................................................................ 8-1 8.2 Printing and Exporting the Images..................................................................................... 8-1

8.2.1 Printing a Selected Area ......................................................................................... 8-1 8.2.2 Printing a Computation or Focus Zone ................................................................... 8-1 8.2.3 Exporting a Customized Zone................................................................................. 8-2 8.2.4 Copying a Customized Area into Word................................................................... 8-2

8.3 User Configuration............................................................................................................. 8-3 8.3.1 Saving the User Configuration ................................................................................ 8-3 8.3.2 Importing the User Configuration ............................................................................ 8-4

8.4 FAQ.................................................................................................................................... 8-4 8.4.1 How to Import GEO Data in an Easier Way............................................................ 8-5 8.4.2 How to Modify the Global Values in a Transmitter Table........................................ 8-5 8.4.3 How to Find Sites on the Map Quickly .................................................................... 8-5 8.4.4 How to Be Positioned in the Find Site Box Automatically....................................... 8-5 8.4.5 How to Filter Data Quickly....................................................................................... 8-5 8.4.6 How to Find Objects in the Unfolded Files.............................................................. 8-6 8.4.7 How to Expand or Close Files Quickly.................................................................... 8-6 8.4.8 How to Find Objects Easily in the Table ................................................................. 8-6 8.4.9 How to Find Objects in the Map.............................................................................. 8-6 8.4.10 How to Customize the Table Display .................................................................... 8-6



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8.4.11 How to Customize the Font in Table..................................................................... 8-7 8.4.12 How to Predict the Signal Level Received from Transmitters on Path ................. 8-7 8.4.13 How to Obtain Link Budget ................................................................................... 8-7

Chapter 9 Initial Engineering Data............................................................................................... 9-1 9.1 Overview............................................................................................................................ 9-1 9.2 Collecting Data................................................................................................................... 9-1

9.2.1 Basic Data Obtained Directly from the Operation and Maintenance Department .. 9-1 9.2.2 Data Obtained from Equipment Manufacturer, Supplier and Engineering Facilitator (or Outsourcing Maintenance Company) ......................................................................... 9-3 9.2.3 Data from the Current Network Conditions, Specifications or Planning Objective . 9-5 9.2.4 Drive Test Data for Model Calibration..................................................................... 9-6

9.3 Arranging Data................................................................................................................... 9-7

GENEX U-Net Wireless Network Planning Software Operation Manual for GSM Chapter 1 Introduction to This Manual


1-1

Chapter 1 Introduction to This Manual

1.1 Contents and Structures of the Manual

This maual introduces how to perform GSM network planning by using the U-Net. It tells the users to create, predict or dimensioning a project in the GSM technology.

Figure 1-1 shows the structure of the manual.

Figure 1-1 Manual flow chart

You do not need to set the parameter values, since the default values are provided.

1.2 Intended Readers

The intended readers should have a command of:

z Principles of the network planning z Windows basic operations z Genex U-Net

GENEX U-Net Wireless Network Planning Software Operation Manual for GSM Chapter 2 Creating a GSM Project


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Chapter 2 Creating a GSM Project

2.1 Overview of Creating a GSM Project

This chapter introduces how to create a project in U-Net and set the innitial parameters. Figure 2-1 shows the flow chart of this chapter.

Figure 2-1 Flow chart of this chapter

2.2 Creating a Project

The following sections describe how to create a GSM project and the functions of the icons on the interface.

z Procedure z Interface Introduction



2-2

2.2.1 Procedure

To create a GSM project, proceed as follows:

1) Double-click the Genex U-Net.

2) Click on the toolbar or choose the File > New option.

The Project Templates dialog box appears. 3) Choose the GSM GPRS EGPRS option in the shortcut menu. 4) Click OK.

2.2.2 Interface Introduction

Figure 2-2 shows the interface after the project is created.

Figure 2-2 Initial user interface

In addition to the toolbar and the menu bar, the initial interface also consists of the following three windows, as Table 2-1 lists.



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Table 2-1 Windows in the initial interface

Window Description

Explorer

This window consists of three tabs and is mainly used for data managment. The tabs are respectively:

z Data

z Geo

z Modules

Data tab: To manage network data and perform prediction studies.

Geo tab: To manage geographical data.

Modules tab: To manage propagation model.

All the added data are displayed in the window.

Panoramic z To display the areas covered by the geographical data.

z To locate the areas shown in the Map window.

Map

Covering a large area of user interface, the map window shows the following information:

z Map

z Site

z Prediction

z Simulation

Note: Except for the map window, all the other elements (including buttons on the toolbar) can be displayed by checking their boxes from the View menu.

2.3 Selecting a Coordinate System

After importing the map, you need to select a suitable coordinate system to match the site data or drive test data with the imported map.

The U-Net contains a global coordinate systems database, which is constituded by more than one thousand coordinate systems that support all the standard and local coordinates. In the U-Net, two coordinate systems are available:

z Projection coordinate system z Display coordinate system



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In the following, we will introduce the concrete setting methods for the two coordinate systems by taking Dongguan map as an example.

2.3.1 Setting the Projection Coordinate System

The projection coordinate system refers to the mapping between the radian data and plane data by applying certain mathematical rules and methods.

To set the projection coordinate system, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Options option in the Tools menu. The Options dialog box appears.

2) Click on the right side of the Projection.

The Coordinate Systems dialog box appears. 3) Choose the Asia-Pacific option in the Find drop-down list box. 4) Choose Beijing 1954/Gauss-Kruger 19N in the table, as Figure 2-3 shows. 5) Click OK.

Figure 2-3 Setting the projection coordinate system

Note: Set the coordinate system based on the one applied in the 3D map. The relative information can be obtained from the Projection file in the Heights folder.



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2.3.2 Setting the Display Coordinate System

After the projection coordinate system setting, the U-Net sets the display coordinate system in the same way automatically, as shown in the Display box in Figure 2-4.

Figure 2-4 Default display coordinate system

Click OK. Figure 2-5 shows the scale in the map window.

Figure 2-5 Default scale in the display coordinate system

To set the display coordinate system, proceed as follows:

1) Click behind the Display in the Options dialog box.

The Coordinate Systems dialog box appears. 2) Choose the Asia-Pacific option in the Find in drop-down list box. 3) In the Coordinate System window, choose the Beijing 1954, as Figure 2-6

shows. 4) Click OK.



2-6

Figure 2-6 Display coordinate system setting

Note: In U-Net, the and icons stand for projection coordinate system and display coordinate system respectively.

After the display coordinate system setting, the scale in the map window indicates the longitude and latitude, as Figure 2-7 shows.

Figure 2-7 Scale in the coordinate system after setting

Note: The network data format determines which coordinate system should be chosen. That is, when the site data are expressed in longitude and latitude, choose display coordinate system to match data. When the data indicate distance, choose the projection coordinate system for them.

2.4 Importing 3D Map

The U-Net can identify files with many formats, saveing format conversions between documents.



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The U-Net supports the following formats:

z Raster data: DEM, DTM, traffic data, scanned map (for example: BIL, TIF, BMP), MSI Planet and original binary files.

z Vector data: MSI Planet, DXF, MIF-Mapinfo, Arcview Shapefile.

The followings illustrate the procedures of importing 3D map by taking examples of 3D map with the accuracy of 20 meters (Planet index format) and common map data formats (bil, ist, and so on).

2.4.1 Importing PlaNet Index Map

The PlaNet index map falls into the following three categories.

z Heights: Describes the height information of the area. z Clutter: Describes the clutter information of the area (such as high building area,

parks) z Vector: Describes the information related with vectors in the area (such as road,

rivers)

I. Importing the Heights Map File

To import the heights map file, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the File > Import option. The Open dialog box appears.

2) Find the directory where the map is located and choose a file associated with the Heights map and named .index.

3) Click Open. The Data Type dialog box appears.

4) Select the Altitude option and click OK, as Figure 2-8 shows.

Figure 2-8 Data type selection

Take the Dongguan map for example. Figure 2-9 shows the heights map display.



2-8

Figure 2-9 Heights display

You can check the imported map data in the Geo tab in the Explorer window. All the imported heights files are listed in the Digital Terrain Model folders in the Geo tab, as Figure 2-10 shows.

Figure 2-10 Location for heights data



2-9

Note: Clear the box of a certain item; the associated map is not displayed in the map window.

II. Importing Clutter File

To import the clutter file, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the File > Import option. The Open dialog box appears.

2) Find the directory where the map is located and choose a file associated with the clutter map and named .index.


4) Choose the Clutter Classes option, as Figure 2-11 shows. 5) Click OK.

Figure 2-11 Data type selection in the clutter files

Take the Dongduan map for example. Figure 2-12 shows the clutter map display.



2-10

Figure 2-12 Clutter map display

Note:

Click on the toolbar. Press and hold the mouse to dray the map. Click to

return the previous operation.

You can check the imported map data in the Geo tab in the Explorer window. The imported clutter map files are listed in the Clutter Classes tab, as Figure 2-13 shows.



2-11

Figure 2-13 Location for clutter data

III. Importing the Vector Map File

To import the vector map file, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the File > Import. The Open dialog box appears.

2) Find the directory where the map is located and choose a file associated with the vectors and named as .index.


4) Choose the Vectors option, as Figure 2-14 shows. 5) Click OK.

The Vector Import dialog box appears. 6) Click Import.

Figure 2-14 Data type selection in vector files



2-12

Note: The Vector Import dialog box appears when the vector files are imported. You can choose the data location in the Import to drop down list box in different operations.

Take the Dongduan map for example.

Clear the clutter and heights box. Figure 2-15 shows the vector map display.

Figure 2-15 Vector display

Note:

z Click on the toolbar, and click on the map window to zoom in or out the

displayed map.

z Click on the toolbar, and select a certain area to zoom it in to the screen

center.



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You can check the imported map data in the Geo tab in the Explorer window. The reason for an extra Vectors folder here is that the system imports the vectors into the Geo tab. Figure 2-16 shows the imported vector files.

Figure 2-16 Location for the vector data

2.4.2 Importing the Maps with Common Data Formats

The followings also take the Heights, the Clutter, and the Vector map data for example to detail how to import the maps with common data formats.

I. Importing a Heights Map File

To import the Heights map file, proceed as follows:


2) Find the directory where the map is located, and then choose the heights map file (.bil file).

3) Click Open. The File Import dialog box appears, as Figure 2-17 shows.

4) Click Import.



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Figure 2-17 Importing a heights map file

Note: z The U-Net judges the data type of the imported files automatically and displays

them in the first option in the Data Type drop down list box. z There must be another .hdr file with the same name in the directory when the .bil

file is imported. For details concerning the .bil and .hdr file format, refer to the U-Net User Manual.

II. Importing a Clutter Map File

To import a clutter map file, proceed as follows:


2) Find the directory where the map is located, and choose the clutter map file (.bil file).

3) Click Open. The File Import dialog box appears, as Figure 2-18 shows.

4) Click Import.



2-15

Figure 2-18 Importing a clutter map file

III. Importing a Vector Map File

To import a vector map file, proceed as follows:

1) Choose File > Import. The Open dialog box appears.

2) Find the directory where the map is located, and then choose a vector map file (.dxf or .MIF file).

3) Click Open. The Vector Import dialog box appears, as Figure 2-19 shows.

4) Click Import.



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Figure 2-19 Importing a vector file map

2.4.3 Importing a Map with Other Formats

The following map types are not necessary in a project. They, however, make calculation more accurate.

I. Population Map

Import the population map in the same way as that of clutter classes map. The U-Net, however, considers it to be a clutter classes map in the Data Type drop-down list box in the File Import window by default. You need to choose Population option to correct this default value.

II. Navigation Map

A navigation map, an image file, helps you accurately identify objects on the map. There are two methods available to import the navigation map:

z .tif map with .tfw attachment z .tif map with index attachment

Choose Image as the import mode.

For details concerning the .tif and .tfw map formats, refer to the U-Net User Manual.



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III. Clutter Heights Map

The clutter heights map, supplementary to the clutter classes type, records the relative heights to DEM of various clutter classes. Import clutter heights map in the same way as you do with DEM map, for they have same formats.

Choose the Clutter heights option in the Data Type drop down list box in the File Import window.

2.5 Creating a Site

Input the network data after the coordinate system is setup. In the U-Net, most of data are imported from the existing table. For more details concerning data import, refer to 2.6 "Importing the Network Data".

This section profiles how to build a single site or groups of sites on the map and to set their parameters.

2.5.1 Creating a Single Site

To create a single site, proceed as follows:

1) Click on the toolbar.

The cursor turns into . 2) Click the place where you are to create a site.

If a site is created successfully, an icon indicating a site shows on the map.

Note:

Of the icon , the central circle stands for a site, while the arrows around

indicate the transmitters on the site. By default, a site consists of three transmitters. Therefore, to choose a site and a transmitter means to choose a central circle and its surrounding arrows respectively.

You can check the site data in the Data tab of the Explorer window, as Figure 2-20 shows.



2-18

Figure 2-20 Location for the site data

The transmitter-related information is saved in the Transmitters folder of the Data tab, as Figure 2-21 shows.

Figure 2-21 Location for the transmitter data

All the property parameters related to the sites and transmitters use their default values. After importing network parameters, you can set these property parameters. For details, refer to 2.5.4 "Setting the Properties of a Single Site and of a Transmitter".

2.5.2 Moving a Single Site

To move a single site on the map, proceed as follows:

1) Click a site in the map window. 2) Drag this site to other places on the map.



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3) Click OK in the open dialog box.

To avoid any misoperation by the users, the U-Net locks the site position by default. To unlock the site position, proceed as follows:

1) Right-click a site in the map window. 2) Uncheck the Lock Position box in the open menu.

In this way, no prompts are displayed during site removing.

2.5.3 Deleting a Single Site

To delete a single site on the map, proceed as follows:

1) Right-click a site in the map window. 2) Choose the Delete option in the open menu.

Note: You can delete the site data in the same way as performed on the site.

2.5.4 Setting the Properties of a Single Site and of a Transmitter

I. Setting the Properties of a Single Site

To set the properties for a single site, proceed as follows:

1) Choose a site in the Sites folder or in the map window. 2) Right-click on it. 3) Choose the Properties option in the open menu.

The Site Properties dialog box appears, as Figure 2-22 shows.



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Figure 2-22 Site properties

As Figure 2-22 shows, two tabs are available in the Site Properties dialog box. You can get more information about each parameter with the Help.

II. Setting the Properites of a Single Transmitter

By default, a new site has three transmitters around. All the transmitter data are saved in the Transmitter folder in the Data tab of the Explorer window.

To set the properties of a single transmitter, proceed as follows:

1) Choose a transmitter in the Transmitter folder or in the Map window. 2) Right-click on it. 3) Choose the Properties option in the open menu.

The Transmitter dialog box appears, as Figure 2-23 shows.



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Figure 2-23 Transmitter properties

Table 2-2 lists the descriptions of the parameters in the Transmitter property dialog box.

Table 2-2 Tab description in the transmitter properties dialog box

Tab Description

Transmitter tab

z To select types of TMA, antenna feeder or the sites, click Equipment.

z After importing the antenna model, select it in the antenna model drop-down list box.

Propagation tab In this tab, you can choose the main propagation models and extended ones.



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Tab Description

Display tab You can change the display mode of a transmitter on the map. For example, change the legend, font, or color.

Note: z Right-click Transmitters folder in the Data tab in the Explorer window and choose

the Properties option in the open menu to set common properties of all transmitters.

z Choose the Automatic option in the Display type drop-down list box in the Display tab to allocate a color to each transmitter icon.

2.5.5 Create a Group of Sites

To create a goup of sites, proceed as follows:

1) Click on the toolbar.

The cursor changes into . 2) Create a closed polygon in the map window by continuously clicking the map.

Then, a group of icons appear in the polygon to indicate success.

2.5.6 Setting a Template

During the site creation, the U-Net provides a template that defines some major parameters for the sites and the transmitters.

To set a template, proceed as follows:

1) Click the Select Templates drop-down list box on the toolbar, as Figure 2-24 shows.

Figure 2-24 Selecting the site templates

2) Choose the Manage templates option. The Station Templates Properties dialog box appears.

3) Choose one of the existing templates.



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4) Click Properties. The Property dialog box appears, as Figure 2-25 shows.

Figure 2-25 Site template

In the above dialog box, most parameters are the same with that in Site or Transmitter dialog box. Table 2-3 lists the descriptions about two special parameters.

Table 2-3 Description of the special parameters in the property dialog box

Parameter Description

Sector Defines the number of sectors belonging to a site. In other words, it defines the transmitter number.

Hexagon radius Defines the distance between sites during site creation in a specified area.



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As the icon indicates, the shaded area is the hexagon said above. In fact,

the U-Net generates a group of hexagon data and saves them in the Hexagonal Design folder in the Data tab of the Explorer window, as Figure 2-26 shows.

Figure 2-26 Location for the hexagonal data

Note: If you clear the box of a certain item in the Data tab, the associated graph is not shown in the map window.

2.6 Importing the Network Data

In the early stage of network planning, most of data are imported by the users. These data include:

z Radio environment z Site z Transmitter z Equipment z Antenna z Channel configuration z Traffic model



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All the above data can be obtained from network operators. Chapter 9 "Initial Engineering Data" lists the data that can be obtained by the users. Check the data sources when importing data.

The following sections profile on how to import the network data.

2.6.1 Importing the Antenna Data

To import the antenna data, proceed as follows:

1) Choose Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Antennas folder. 3) Choose New option in the open menu.

The Antennas New Elements Properties dialog box appears. 4) Fill in the antenna type, equipment producer and antenna gain in the General tab. 5) Import the attenuation table that corresponds to each antenna azimuth in the

Horizontal pattern and Vertical pattern tabs, as Table 2-4 lists. 6) Input the Beamwidth, FMax, FMin or other customized parameters in the Other

properties tab.

Table 2-4 Antenna data

Horizontal pattern Vertical pattern

Angle Att. Angle Att.

0 0 0 15.58

1 0.08 1 9.69

2 0.07 2 5.62

357 0.13 357 16.25

358 0.06 358 17.63

359 0.08 359 20.35

Note: In the U-Net, you can import the data table by copying (Ctrl+C) and pasting (Ctrl+V).

2.6.2 Importing the Site Data

To import the site data, proceed as follows:



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1) Choose Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Sites folder. 3) Choose Open Table option in the open menu.

The Sites window appears. 4) Choose the Display Columns option in the Format menu. 5) Clear the Altitude (m) and Comments boxes in the open window. 6) Import the site data in the Sites window, as Table 2-5 lists.

Table 2-5 Site data

Name X Y

Site0 113.1234 23.1234

Site1 113.5678 23.5678

Note: If you replace the default projection system with the display coordinate system, the X and Y columns in Table 2-5 change into longitude and latitude respectively. You need to set the display coordinate system based on the existing data format.

2.6.3 Importing the Transmitter Equipment Data

To import the transmitter equipment data, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitter folder. 3) Choose the TMA equipments, Feeder equipments or BTS equipments option in

the Equipment submenu. 4) Import TMA equipments, Feeder equipments, BTS equipments data in the open

window, as Table 2-6, Table 2-7 and Table 2-8 list.

Table 2-6 TMA equipment

Name Noise figure TMA

(dB) Reception gain TMA

(dB) Transmission

losses TMA (dB)

TMA1 5 3 3



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Table 2-7 Feeder equipment

Name Feeder loss per metre (dB/m)

Connector reception loss (dB)

Connector transmission

loss (dB)

Feeder1 0.5 2 2

Table 2-8 BTS equipment

Name BTS noise figure (dB)

BTS1 5

2.6.4 Importing the Transmitter Data

To import the transmitter data, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click Transmitter folder. 3) Choose the Open Table option in the open menu.

The Transmitters window appears. 4) Choose the Display Columns option in the Format menu. 5) Clear the following boxes in the open window.

z Active z DX z DY z Frequency band z Main Calculation radius z Main Propagation model z Hexagon groups z Hexagon radius z Comment z Extended calculation radius z Extended propagation model z Main resolution z Extended resolution

6) Import the transmitter data in the Transmitter window, as Table 2-9 lists.



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Table 2-9 Transmitter table

Parameter Values

Site Site0 Site0 Site0 Site1 Site1 Site1

Transmitter Site0_0 Site0_1 Site0_2 Site0_0 Site0_1 Site0_2

Antenna APX18-206515-T6

APX18-206515-T6

APX18-206515-T6

APX18-206515-T6

APX18-206515-T6

APX18-206515-T6

Height (m) 29 29 29 29 29 29

Azimuth () 30 150 270 30 150 270

Mechanical Downtilt()

0 0 0 0 0 0

Cell Type Macro Cell 900

Macro Cell 900

Macro Cell 900

Macro Cell 900

Macro Cell 900

Macro Cell 900

Frequency band

GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900 GSM900

Hopping mode

Synthesized Hopping

Synthesized Hopping

Synthesized Hopping

Synthesized Hopping

Synthesized Hopping

Synthesized Hopping

HCS Layer Macro Layer Macro Layer

Macro Layer

Macro Layer

Macro Layer

Macro Layer

EIRP (dBm) 40 40 40 40 40 40

Feeder equipment Feeder1 Feeder1 Feeder1 Feeder1 Feeder1 Feeder1

Transmission feeder length 20 20 20 20 20 20

Reception feeder length 20 20 20 20 20 20

Miscellaneous transmission losses

0 0 0 0 0 0

TMA equipment TMA1 TMA1 TMA1 TMA1 TMA1 TMA1



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Parameter Values

BTS equipment BTS1 BTS1 BTS1 BTS1 BTS1 BTS1

Number of TRXs

2 2 2 2 2 2

Antenna diversity gain 0 0 0 0 0 0

Channels 100 102 107 112 117 123

99 103 104 110 114 115

96 99 101 106 113 119

97 101 104 110 113 121

97 105 106 108 112 118

99 103 111 112 116 120

BCCH 123 110 96 101 108 116

BSIC domain ALL BSICs ALL BSICs

ALL BSICs

ALL BSICs

ALL BSICs ALL BSICs

BSIC 0 0 0 0 0 0

Note: The resource allocation parameters (such as Channels, BCCH) can be filled in during the automatic frequency planning at the later stage of the project.

2.6.5 Importing the Subcell Data

To import the subcell data, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitters folder. 3) Choose Subcells > Open Table in the open menu.

The Subcells window appears. 4) Import the subcell data, as Table 2-10 lists.

Table 2-10 Subcell data

Parameter Values

Transmitter Site0_1 Site0_1 Site0_2 Site0_2 Site0_3 Site0_3

TRX type BCCH TCH BCCH TCH BCCH TCH

Requested TRXs 1 1 1 1 1 1



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Parameter Values

Traffic load 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7 0.7

HSN - 34 - 34 - 34

Synchronisation Site0 Site0 Site0 Site0 Site0 Site0

DL power offset 0 0 0 0 0 0

Hopping mode Non Hopping

Synthesized Hopping

Non Hopping

Synthesized Hopping

Non Hopping

Synthesized Hopping

Reception threshold

-94 -94 -94 -94 -94 -94

DTX supported FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE FALSE

2.6.6 Importing the TRX Data

To import the TRX data, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitters folder. 3) Choose Subcells > TRXs in the open menu.

The TRX window appears. 4) Import the data, as Table 2-11 lists.

Table 2-11 TRX table

Transmitter Index TRX type Channels MAIO Freeze

channels

Site0_1 0 BCCH 123 0 FALSE

Site0_1 1 TCH 100 102 107 112 117 0 FALSE


Site0_2 1 TCH 99 103 104 114 115 1 FALSE


Site0_3 1 TCH 99 101 106 113 119 2 FALSE



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Note: The above data, as listed in Table 2-11, can be imported into the TRX table after the automatic frequency planning. For details, refer to Chapter 7 "Enabling Automatic Frequency Planning".

2.6.7 Importing the Neighbor Cell Data

To import the neighbor cell data, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitter folder to open the shortcut menu. 3) Choose Neighbor > Intra-technology Neighbor in the Neighbors submenu. 4) Import the neighbor cell data in the open window, as Table 2-12 lists.

Table 2-12 Neighbor list

Cell Neighbor

Site0_0(0) Site0_1(0)

Site0_0(0) Site0_2(0)

Site0_0(1) Site0_1(1)

Site0_0(1) Site0_2(1)

Site0_1(0) Site0_0(0)

Site0_1(0) Site0_2(0)

Site0_1(1) Site0_0(1)

To create neighbor list automatically, proceed as follows:

1) Choose Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click Transmitter folder to open the shortcut menu. 3) Choose Neighbors > Automatic Allocation.

The Automatic Neighbor Allocation window appears. 4) After having set the parameters, click Run. 5) After calculation, close the Event View window.

The system shows the neighbor allocation result, as Figure 2-27 shows. 6) Click Commit.

The system imports data into the associated neighbor cell tables.



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Figure 2-27 Automatic neighbor allocation result

2.6.8 Setting the Network Resources

This section profiles how to set the related network resources in the GSM project.

I. Setting the Frequency Bands

To set the frequency bands, proceed as follows:

1) Choose Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitter folder to open the shortcut menu. 3) Choose Network Setting > Frequencies > Bands.

The Frequency bands window appears. 4) Set the starting frequency, channel bandwidth, and frequency range.

II. Setting the Frequency Domains

To set the frequency domain, proceed as follows:

1) Choose Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitter folder to open the shortcut menu. 3) Choose Network Setting > Frequecies > Domains.

The Frequency domain window appears. 4) Set a frequency band for each domain.



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5) Select one of the items and click Properties. The Properties dialog box appears.

6) Define one or several groups in the frequency bands and set the frequency number for each group.

7) Click OK.

Note: You can check or modify the mappings between the domain and the group by choosing Network Setting > Frequencies > Groups in the shortcut menu of the Transmitter folder.

III. Setting the HSN and the BSIC

The settings of the HSN and the BSIC are the same with that of the frequency band. You only need to choose the Network Setting > HSNs or the Network Setting > BSICs in the shortcut menu of the Transmitter folder.

IV. Setting an HCS Layer

To set an HCS layer, proceed as follows:

1) Choose Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitter folder to open the shortcut menu. 3) Choose Network Setting > HCS Layers.

The HCS Layer window appears. 4) Set an HCS layer as required and set the layer priority and the MS maximum

mobility speed.

Note: The priority is listed in an ascending order. For example, "2" enjoys higer priority than '1".

V. Set a Cell Type

To set a cell type, proceed as follows:

1) Choose Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitter folder to open the shortcut menu. 3) Choose Network Setting > Cell Types.

The Cell Types window appears.



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4) Choose or add a new cell type. 5) Click Properties.

The Properties dialog box appears. 6) Define the parameters for each TRX type. 7) Click OK.

GENEX U-Net Wireless Network Planning Software Operation Manual for GSM Chapter 3 Setting the Propagation Models


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Chapter 3 Setting the Propagation Models

3.1 Overview

The propagation model, essential to network planning, simulates the real signal propagation environment. The closer the propagation model simulates the reality, the more accurate the network planning is.

The U-Net has a series of propagation models:

z For mobile service, the frequencies range from 30MHz to 2500MHz. z For microwave link and point-to-multipoint system, the highest frequency is up to

60GHz.

These propagation models are to tune and calibrate measurement data.

This chapter introduces the commonly-used propagation models and the calibration methods. Figure 3-1 shows the chapter flow chart.




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3.2 Propagation Models

Table 3-1 lists the descriptions about the propagation models in U-Net.

Table 3-1 Propagation models in U-Net

Propagation model Description

Okumura-Hata model and Cost-Hata model

Define formulas for a maximum of 255 clutter classes with the calibrated Deygout.

SPM (Standard Propagation Model)

It is a popular model based on Hata model.

Supports the following diffractions:

z Deygout

z Epstein-Peterson

z Deygout with correction

z Millington

WLL (Wireless Local Loop)z Used in the LOS and NLOS environments.

z Defines receiver height based on each clutter class.

Other propagation models

Other propagation models are:

z ITU 370

z ITU 526

z ITU529

z Calibrated Longley-Rice

In addition, the U-Net also utilizes an open Application Programming Interface (API) to develop a propagation model or to use a third-party propagation model.

In the U-Net, the propagation models are saved in the Module tab in the Explorer window, as Figure 3-2 shows.



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Figure 3-2 Locations for propagation model

In this chapter, the Okumura-Hata and SPM models are taken as examples to illustrate how to set the propagation models in the U-Net.

Note: The principles and setting methods of Cost-Hata model are the same with Okumura-Hata except that they are applied in different environments.

3.2.1 Okumura-Hata Model

Okumura-Hata is suitable to macro cells with:

z 900MHz1900MHz bandwidth z Short transmission distance

Okumura-Hata gathers all the influences that the radio environment made on the signal transmission. The influences are as follows:

z Path loss z Diffraction z Effective antenna height z Geographical status z Earth curvature z User profile z Enhanced water area

The formula for Okumura-Hata model is as follows:



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Table 3-2 lists the implication of each parameter.

Table 3-2 Parameters in Okumura-Hata formula

Parameter Implication

C1 Related to transmission frequency of the transmitter.

C2 Related to the transmitters antenna height.

C3 Calibration parameter for path loss

C4 Related to the transmitters effective antenna height.

C5 Calibration items for path loss under various radio environments.

3.2.2 SPM Model

The SPM is suitable to the propagation environments with:

z 150MHz 2000MHz bandwidth z 1km20km distance

( ) ( )( ) ( ) ( ) ( )

+++++++=

loshillcluttermeffeff

effTXR KclutterfKHKHdK

nDiffractioKHKdKKPP

,65

4321

loglogloglog

Table 3-3 lists the implication of each parameter in the SPM model.

Table 3-3 Parameters in SPM formula


PR Refers to the reception power (dBm)

PTx Refers to the transmission power (EIRP) (dBm)

K1 Refers to the constant (dB)

K2 Refers to the multiplying factor of Log(d)

d Refers to the distance between receiver and transmitter (m)

K3 Refers to the multiplying factor of log(Heff)

Heff Refers to the antenna effective height (m)



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K4 Refers to the multiplying factor in diffraction calculation. K4 must be positive.

Diffraction Refers to the diffraction loss on the obstacle path (dB)

K5 Refers to the multiplying factor for log(Heff)log(d)

K6 Refers to the multiplying for Hmeff

Hmeff Refers to the mobile antenna height (m)

Kclutter Refers to the multiplying factor for f(clutter)

f(clutter) Refers to the average weight loss based on clutter classes

K(hill,los) Refers to the calibrated factor in mountainous area (when NLOS=0)

Note: All the factors in the above formula are adjustable as required in the real network. For details, refer to 3.4 "Calibrating the Propagation Models".

3.3 Selecting a Propagation Model

The following three ways are available to select a propagation model.

z Setting a Propagation Model Universally z Setting a Propagation Model Individually z Setting a Propagation Model by Table

3.3.1 Setting a Propagation Model Universally

To set a propagation model universally, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitter folder. 3) Choose the Properties option in the open menu. 4) Choose the Propagation tab in the open Transmitter properties dialog box. 5) Choose the propagation model in the Propagation Model drop-down list box in

the Main Matrix area.

In this way, each transmitter in the Transmitters folder uses the specified propagation model.



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3.3.2 Setting a Propagation Model Individually

To set a propagation model individually, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand the Transmitter folder. 3) Right-click a transmitter, and choose the Properties option in the open menu. 4) Choose Propagation tab in the Transmitter Properties dialog box. 5) Choose the propagation model in the Propagation Model drop-down list box in

the Main Matrix area.

Since there is always a one-to-one mapping relationship between clutter class and propagation environment in reality, it is common to set propagation model individually.

3.3.3 Setting a Propagation Model by Table

To set a propagation model by table, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Transmitter folder. 3) Choose the Open Table option in the open menu. 4) Choose the Main propagation model column in the open window. 5) Choose different propagation models for different transmitters in the drop-down

list box, as Figure 3-3 shows.

Figure 3-3 Propagation model selection



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3.4 Calibrating the Propagation Models

The object of propagation model calibration is to mirror the actual environments in reality. The followings take the Okumura-Hata and the SPM as examples to describe how to calibrate the propation models in the U-Net.

3.4.1 Calibrating the Okumura-Hata Model

To calibrate Okumura-Hata model, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Module tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand the Propagation Models folder. 3) Right-click Okumura-Hata and choose Duplicate option in the open menu.

The U-Net names the duplicated model as Copy of Okumura-Hata.

Note: Duplicating a model aims to: z Save the original model parameters. z Be applicable to various networks and areas.

4) Double-click Copy of Okumura-Hata. The Properties dialog box appears.

5) In the Configuration tab, click Formulas to open the Formulas dialog box, as Figure 3-4 shows.



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Figure 3-4 Okumura-Hata property dialog box

6) Click Formulas. The Formulas dialog box appears.

Note: There are five different calibration models available in the Formula dialog box. You can modify the parameters for different environments, add or delete a propagation model by pressing Add or Delete in the dialog box.

7) After having edited the formula, click OK to return to Okumura-Hata Properties dialog box. Figure 3-5 shows different calibration models for each clutter class.

Note: You can use the newly-calibrated propagation model in the transmitter. For details, see 3.3 "Selecting a Propagation Model."



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8) Click OK.

Figure 3-5 Propagation model for each clutter class

3.4.2 Calibrating the SPM Model

Ensure that the CW measurement data are available during the SPM model calibration. The CW data include:

z Longitude and latitude of test points z Signal strength

The CW measurement data can be in either of the following formats:

z *.txt z *.dat z Surey File PlanNET *.hd z Multi-import Files *.ami

I. Importing the CW Measurement Data

Table 3-4 lists the methods to import the CW measurement data in the U-Net.



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Table 3-4 Importing the CW measurement data

Method Step

Method 1

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window.

2) Right-click CW Measurements folder.

3) Choose Newoption in the open menu. The New CW Measurement Path dialog box appears.

4) Fill in the dialog box with the name of test data, related transmitter, the used frequency, testers height, gain and loss.

5) Choose the unit for signal strength in test data in the dialog box.

6) Since X, Y and M columns in the dialog box stand for longitude, latitude, and strength signal of the measurement data respectively, import the data by copying and pasting.

7) Click OK.

Note:

Repeat the above steps until all needed test data have been imported.

Method 2

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window.

2) Right-click CW Measurements folder.

3) Choose Import option in the open menu. The Open dialog box appears.

4) Save the files containing CW data.

5) Click Open. The File Import dialog box appears.

6) Set the related parameters in the General tab.

7) Set the data type (for example, longitude, latitude or signal strength) in the Field column in the Setup tab, as Figure 3-7 shows.

8) Click Import.

Figure 3-6 shows the CW measurement data of a transmitter in Dongguan.



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Figure 3-6 CW measurement data

Figure 3-7 Importing the CW measurement data



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Note: z In Figure 3-7, click Save to avoid repeated selection of data type when importing

files with same format. z You can also import CW data through .ami file in batch. For details, see U-Net User

Manual.

II. Calibrating a Model by the CW Measurement Data

To calibrate the SPM model by the CW measurement data, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Module tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand the Propagation Models folder. 3) Right-click the Standard Propagation Model. 4) Choose Duplicate option in the open menu.

In this way, we get a model named as Copy of Standard Propagation Model. 5) Right-click the Copy of Standard Propagation Model and choose the

Properties option in the open menu. 6) Choose the Parameters tab. 7) Set calculation method for effective antenna height, as Figure 3-8 shows. 8) Set calculation method for diffraction, as Figure 3-9 shows.

Figure 3-8 Effective antenna height calculation



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Figure 3-9 Diffraction calculation

9) Select the Clutter tab and set the following parameters, as Table 3-5 lists.

Table 3-5 Parameters in the clutter tab

Parameter Description

Max distance

Calculates the clutter loss of all pixels in the area of 100 meters around test point.

Note:

The max distance refers to five times of map accuracy. Here we take 20-meter-accurancy map as an example.

Weighting function

Refers to weight distribution of each pixel in the area of 100 meters around test point. Generally, we choose 1-Triangular to indicate that weight forms an orthogonal linear relationship with test point.

Losses per clutter

After model calibration, the U-Net allocates each clutter loss automatically.

Clearance per clutter class

The default value for the clearance per clutter class is 10 meters, which means that the height information is not calculated in the area of 10 meters.

10) In the Calibration tab, choose the previous imported test files in the Measurement path[s] to be used drop-down list box.



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11) Click Calibrate. The Calibration dialog box appears, as Figure 3-10 shows.

Figure 3-10 Before calibration

12) Choose Const, and click Identify. 13) Choose Clutter, and click Identify. 14) Put the rest of them in a descending order according to their correlation value and

choose the first ones. 15) Click Identify until the correlation of all data become zero.

Note: If you calibrate a propagation model by selecting CW measurement data only from one transmitter, the Log (Heff) in Figure 3-10 cannot be calibrated because of one antenna height value.

16) After all the correlations are zero, calibrate them again from Const. When the Std dev value in the Current statistics is less than 8, the calibration is considered good, as Figure 3-11 shows.



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Figure 3-11 After calibration

17) Click OK to return to the previous model property dialog box. 18) Click Statistics to check the statistics after calibration. 19) Click OK.

III. Comparing the CW Measurement Data and the Simulation Coverage Data

The U-Net provides with a mechanism to compare the CW measurement data and the simulation coverage data.

To do this, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand CW Measurements folder. 3) Right-click the test data previously used in calibration. 4) Choose the Properties option in the open menu.

The test data property dialog box is diaplayed. 5) Choose the Parameters tab. 6) Choose the calibrated propagation model in the Propagation Model drop-down

list box (Here choose Copy of Standard Propagation Model). 7) Click Action.

The shortcut menu appears, as Figure 3-12 shows.



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Figure 3-12 Action menu in CW measurement data property dialog box

8) Choose Calculate predictions option. 9) Choose Display statistics option in Figure 3-12 to check the result, as Figure

3-13 shows.



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Figure 3-13 Results of CW data predication

10) In the Description tab, fill in the Model standard deviation column with the values in the Std deviation column in the statistics report, as Figure 3-14 shows.



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Figure 3-14 Description tab in the clutter class property dialog box

Note: Ensure the data in Figure 3-14 is available during the setting of the shadow margin in the predication. For For details concerning shadow margin setting, refer to 4.3 "Setting the Shadow Margin".

11) Right-click the CW measurement data in the Explorer window. 12) Choose the Graphs option in the open menu.

A window appears, as Figure 3-15 shows.

Figure 3-15 Comparation window of the CW measurement data and the simulation data



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Note: In Figure 3-15, the the red line stands for measurement value while the blue one for simulation value. The X-axis stands for sequence number of test points while Y-axis for the signal strength.

13) Choose the to-be-displayed data, as Figure 3-16 shows.

Figure 3-16 Other displaying data

GENEX U-Net Wireless Network Planning Software Operation Manual for GSM Chapter 4 Setting the Predications


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Chapter 4 Setting the Predications

4.1 Overview

In the U-Net, the purpose for the prediction is to be familiar with the network, such as having knowledge of the transmitter coverage and the cell signal strength distribution. After the initial prediction, you can analyze the entire network.

Figure 4-1 shows the chapter flow chart.


4.2 Adjusting the Prediction Properties

To set the prediction properties, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Prediction folder. 3) Choose the Properties option in the open menu.

The Prediction properties dialog box appears.



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4) Choose the Predictions tab. 5) Choose the propagation model in the Default propagation model drop-down list

box. 6) Fill in the calculation precision in the Default resolution column, as Figure 4-2

shows.

Note: z If the propagation model has been selected for the transmitter, you need not to

choose in the Default propagation model. z The calculation precision refers to the map precision that is user-definable. To

enhance accuracy can improve the prediction reliability. It takes, however, longer time to calculate. In this case, you need to balance the cost and benefit.

Figure 4-2 Prediction property

7) Choose the Receiver tab. Fill in the transmitter height, antenna height, loss and protective signal level of the adjacent frequency.

8) Fill in the range of the calculation result in the System tab. 9) Click OK.



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4.3 Setting the Shadow Margin

To set the shadow margin, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Prediction folder. 3) Choose Shadowing Margins option in the open menu.

The Shadowing Margins and Gains dialog box appears. 4) Enter the expected cell edge coverage probability in the Cell Edge Coverage

Probability area. 5) Choose different types of standard deviations to calculate shadowing margin in

the Shadowing margin area. The standard deviations defined for different signals in different clutter classes are listed in the Description tab in the Clutter Classes Property dialog box.

6) Click Calculate. 7) Click Close.

Note: For details concerning the Model standard deviation setting, refer to 3.4.2 "Calibrating the SPM Model".

4.4 Drawing a Computation Zone

Drawing effective computation zone before prediction is necessary, since it can save much work on calculation. Otherwise, the U-Net counts all of the sites.

4.4.1 Drawing a Computation Zone

To draw a computation zone, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Geo tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand the Zones folder. 3) Right-click the Computation zone and choose the Draw option in the open menu.

Now, the cursor turns into in the map window. 4) Draw a closed polygon.



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Note: Similarities and dissimilarity between focus zone and computation zone are: z The features of shortcut keys in the focus zone are the same as that in computation

zone. z The focus zone is edged by the green line and drawn inside the computation zone. z In the focus zone, the prediction report after calculation is generated in the focus

zone rather than in the computation zone.

4.4.2 Editing a Computation Zone

To add an editing point, proceed as follows:

1) Click an existing polygon. 2) Right-click the length of side. 3) Choose the Insert Point option in the open menu.

To remove an editing point, proceed as follows:

1) Click an existing polygon. 2) Right-click on the editing point. 3) Choose Delete Point option in the open menu.

4.4.3 Deleting a Computation Zone

To delete a computation zone, proceed as follows:

1) Click an existing polygon. 2) Right-click on any position in the polygon. 3) Choose the Delete option in the open menu.

4.4.4 Saving a Computation Zone

To save a computation zone, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Geo tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand the Zones folder. 3) Right-click the Computation Zone, and choose the Save as option in the open

menu. 4) Fill in the file name and format in the Save window. 5) Click Save.

4.4.5 Importing a Computation Zone

To import a computation zone, proceed as follows:



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1) Choose the Geo tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand the Zones folder. 3) Right-click Computation Zone and choose the Import option in the open menu. 4) Choose the files to be imported in the computation zone in the open window. 5) Click Open.

The Vector Import dialog box appears. 6) Choose the Computation Zone option in the Import to drop-down list box. 7) Click Import.

4.5 Creating a Prediction Study

To create a prediction study, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Right-click the Predictions folder. 3) Choose New option in the open menu.

The Study Types dialog box appears, as Figure 4-3 shows. 4) Choose a study type, and click OK.

Figure 4-3 Prediction study type

Note: If the data is not available in the TRX table, only the first three predictions can be made. The other prediction can be performed on the condition that the automatic frequency planning is enabled and the TRX table is filled. For details concerning the automatic frequency planning, refer to Chapter 7 "Enabling Automatic Frequency Planning".



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4.5.1 Creating Coverage by transmitter

To create coverage by transmitter prediction study, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Coverage by transmitter option in the Study Types window. 2) Click OK.

The Coverage by transmitter properties dialog box appears. 3) Fill in the name and precision of the prediction in the General tab. 4) Choose the default values in the Display tab. 5) Click OK.

Note: If the prediction precision is not available, the U-Net uses the precision defined in the Prediction property dialog box. For details, refer to 4.2 "Adjusting the Prediction Properties'.

Table 4-1 lists the settings in the Condition tab, as Figure 4-4 shows.

Figure 4-4 Condition tab in the coverage by transmitter



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Table 4-1 Settings of the condition tab

Line Description

First line

Description

To fill in the signal level threshold. The default minimum value is the reception level defined in the subcell table.

Action

Click and select the Sepcifed reception threshold option to customize the minimum value.

Note:

z There is no upper threshold for the maximum value.

z The Signal level (dBm) is a default one and can be changed.

Second line

Options in the drop-down list box:

z All indicates the coverage area of a cell, while the coverage areas of different cells may overlap with each other.

z Best signal level per HCS layer indicates the best coverage area of the cells with the HCS layer. The coverage areas of different cells do not overlap with each other.

z Best signal level of the highest priority HCS layer indicates the best coverage areas of the cells with the highest priority HCS layer. That is, if the Macro is the highest priority HCS layer, its best coverage area is taken into consideration.

Huawei recommends selecting the Best signal level per HCS layer box to view the best cell coverage.

Third and fourth lines

To set the margin and edge coverage probability used in the prediction study.

Last line To set the coverage range of the carrier to be calculated.

The BCCH option is usually selected.

Note: If the margin in the third line is not 0, then, in prediction study, the coverage area of the transmitters overlaps.



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4.5.2 Creating Coverage by Signal Level

To create coverage by signal level, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Coverage by signal level optionin the Study Types window. 2) Click OK.

The Coverage by signal level properties dialog box appears. 3) Set the General and Condition tabs in the same way as what we do in Coverage

in transmitter. 4) Choose the default values in the Display tab. 5) Click OK.

Note: The only difference between coverage by transmitter and coverage by signal level lies in that we set different display types in the Distay tab.

4.5.3 Creating the Overlapping Zones

To create the overlapping zones, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Overlapping Zones option in the Study Types window. 2) Click OK.

The Overlapping zones properties dialog box appears. 3) Set the General and Condition tabs in the same way as what we do in Coverage

in transmitter. 4) Choose the default values in the Display tab.

Note: The only difference between overlapping zones and coverage by signal level lies in that we set different options in the Field drop-down list box in the Display tab.

4.5.4 Creating Coverage by C/I level

To create coverage by C/I level, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Coverage by C/I level option in the Study Types window. 2) Click OK.

The Coverage by C/I level properties dialog box appears.



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3) Set the General tab and the Signal condition area in the Condition tab in the same way as what is done in Coverage by transmitter.

4) Set the Interference condition, as Figure 4-5 shows. 5) Choose the default values in the Display tab. 6) Click OK.

Figure 4-5 Condition tab in the C/I level coverage property dialog box

Table 4-2 lists the descriptions of the elements in the Condition tab.

Table 4-2 Descriptions of the elements in the condition tab

Element Description

Interfered TRXs drop-down list box To select the interference carrier. Here, All indicates to calculate the interference of all carriers.



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Element Description

The second one in the Interfered TRXs area

To set the range of the signal-to-noise ratio.

Note:

The U-Net does not specify the minimum threshold. The maximum threshold is 12dB.

Noise figure To set the value of the noise due to the receiver.

DTX taken into account To decide whether to enable the non-continuous transmission function.

Adjacent channels, Co-channel, Detailed result

z To calculate the interference either due to Co-channel or adjacent channels.

z To decide whether to calculate the detailed result.

4.5.5 Creating the Interfered Zones

To create the interfered zones, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Interfered zones option in the Study Types window. 2) Click OK.

The Interfered zones properties dialog box appears. 3) Set the parameters in the General tab and the Condition tab in the same way as

what is done in the Coverage by C/I level. 4) Choose the default values in the Display tab. 5) Click OK.

Note: For details concerning the parameter setting in the rest prediction studies, refer to the above ones.

4.5.6 Adjusting the Prediction Property

To set the prediction property individually, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand the Prediction folder. 3) Right-click the prediction whose property is to be set.



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4) Choose Properties option in the open menu. 5) Set the parameters to be modified. 6) Click OK.

4.5.7 Saving the Prediction Type

For the common prediction study types, the U-Net can save the settings to avoid repeated inputs.

To save the prediction study types, proceed as follows:

1) Choose the Data tab in the Explorer window. 2) Expand the Prediction folder. 3) Right-click the prediction you want to save. 4) Choose Save as a template option in the open menu. 5) Check the saved prediction study in the Study Types window, as the red lines in

Figure 4-6 shows.

Figure 4-6 Customized prediction studies

Note: You can select among the saved prediction study types when creating new prediction study.



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4.6 Calcula

Documents

U-Net GSM Operation Manual