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7/27/2019 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2)
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T YPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS
Instructor:Associate Professor Dr. Wannee DeoisresStudent:
Nguyen Thi Mai HuongID: 55910286
7/27/2019 Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (2)
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Objectives After this class participant will be able to:
1. Define the definition the type 2 diabetes disease2. Understand the cause of type 2 diabetes3. Identify the symptoms, and complications of type 2
diabetes4. Understand type 2 diabetes management
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DEFINITION Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a heterogeneous group of
disorders characterized by variable degrees of insulinresistance, impaired insulin secretion, increased glucoseproduction, and abnormal fat metabolism
(Jameson, 2010)
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THE RELATED CAUSES
+ The metabolic syndrome+ Overweight+ Over 40 years of age+ Closely related to people with diabetes
+ Women who had gestational diabetes or who had largebabies in previous pregnancies.
(Dunning, 2009)
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THE CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Insulin, a hormone that regulates the body’s use of glucose(blood sugar), is released by the cells of the pancreas whichare called the islets of Langerhans.
The causes of type 2 diabetes related to the metabolism in thecell
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QRVaryEQOVk
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THE CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES The causes of type 2 diabetes include:
Mutation of the gene synthesizes IRS proteinMutation of the insulin receptor ENPP-1Mutation of the glucose receptor GLUT-4Excess fat
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THE CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Mutation of the gene synthesizes IRS proteinIRS Protein can not phosphorylate insulin glucose to accumulate in the extracellular space
increases glucose levels in the blood
IRS protein: Insulin receptor substrate protein
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THE CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Mutation of the insulin receptor ENPP-1ENNP-1 cannot let insulin through glucose andinsulin to accumulate in the extracellular space increases glucose and insulin levels in the blood
ENNP-1: Ecto-nucleotidepyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase-1 protein
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THE CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Mutation of the glucose receptor GLUT- 4GLUT – 4 can not transport glucose into the cell
glucose to accumulate in the extracellular space increases glucose levels in the blood
GLUT-4 : Glucose transporter type 4 protein
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THE CAUSES OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Excess fatCRPN-10 cannot enough for break down fat fatto accumulates in the extracellular spaceobstructing the channels of ENPP-1 and GLUT-4 this causes an accumulation of fat, glucose andinsulin in the extracellular space increase glucose,insulin and fat in the blood.
CRPN-10: Calpain-10 protein
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THE SYMPTOMS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES + Main symptoms:
Increase thirsty feeling
Increase hunger feelingFrequent urination
+ Complications symptoms
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Hypoglycemia:< 3.0mmol/L
(<54 mg/dL)
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Hyperglycemia:> 10 mmol/L
(>180 mg/dL)
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ACUTE COMPLICATION Infections: dental disease, candidiasis and urinary tract
infections
Fat atrophy/ hypertrophy and insulin allergy
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COMPLICATIONS OF TYPE 2 DIABETES
Long-term complicationsMacrovascular disease or disease of the major blood
vesselsMicrovascular disease or disease of the small vesselsNeuropathyComplications of pregnancy
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CONTROL BLOOD GLUCOSE
Regular:Monitoring blood glucose and should recorder every day
MedicineDietExerciseMeet doctor
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Monitoring blood glucoseand should recorder every day
Medicine
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Diet
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S HOUT
NOT EAT
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S HOULD EAT LITTLE SWEET FRUIT
Limited
ect
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Exercise
Meet doctor
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P REVENT HYPERGLYCEMIA
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Long-term complications Attention signs or symptoms of the body and come to meet
doctor.
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