Tuesday, October 15th

Entry Task

List 4 pieces of important information about your rock. Be thorough, we will be sharing.

Schedule:• Rock Project

Homework• Finish Rock Project

Objective: I can understand important information about my rock

Please have on desk:• Research for your rock• All other work will be

checked off later this week

Wednesday, October 16th

Entry Task If you would like extra credit we will be taking volunteers to share their rock project

Schedule:• Rock Project Presentation

Objective•I can understand important information about different types of rocks

Homework: •Rock Project due tomorrow

Please Have on Desk:• Rock Project

Thursday, October 17th Entry Task Think about any information that you feel unsure about when it comes to rocks. List 3 things you would like further information on or for me to clarify.

Schedule:• Rock Vocabulary

Homework:• Chapter 3 vocabulary-

due tomorrow• Chapter 3 review-page

105-106 #1-34 (due Monday)

• Chapter 2/3 Test on Tuesday!!!

Objective: I can understand important terms associated with rocks

Friday, October 18th Entry Task

1.Write down the big idea for chapter 2 2.Write down the key concepts for each section in chapter 23.Write down the big idea for chapter 3 4.Write down the key concepts for each section in chapter 3

Schedule:• Rock Notes• Chapter 2/3 review

Objective: •I can understand important information about minerals and rocks

Homework• Chapter 3 review-page 105-

106 #1-34• Chapter 2 review- page 69-70

# 1-29 in your notebook (due Tuesday)

• Chapter 2/3 Test on Tuesday!!!

ROCKS•A Rock is a naturally

formed solid that is usually made up of one or more types of minerals

ROCKS vs. Minerals

Rocks1.Proportions of minerals

vary2. Minerals can be

jumbled together3.None to 1 or more

minerals can be present

Minerals1. Is the same elements in

the same proportions2. There is an orderly

crystal structure

Examples of Rocks

Rocks with no mineralsOBSIDIAN – glass like and does

not have a crystal structure

COAL- is made of dead plants

1 or more mineralsLIMESTONE- can be made

entirely of calcite

GABBRO- made of several types of minerals

Our world is built of rocksRock is so common and has many purposes

1. Building houses and skyscrapers

2. Sources of metal like iron aluminum and copper

3. Carvings of statues and art4. Pavement on roads and

highways

They last a long time

Ancient structures, monuments and sculptures were made from rock

• Great wall of china• Pyramids in Egypt• Mount Rushmore

Rocks change as they move through the rock cycle

The Rock cycle is a set of natural processes that form, change, and break down, and reform rock.

• Rocks are classified by how they form• There is no particular order to the rock cycle• There is no beginning and no ending• These changes take thousands to million of years

TYPES OF ROCKS page 791. IGNEOUS- Forms when molten rock cools and

becomes a solid (lava and magma) –rock book

2. SEDIMENTARY- Forms when pieces of older rocks, plants, and other loose materials are pressed together at the earths surface (weathering and erosion)

3. METAMORPHIC- Forms when older rocks buried deep in the crust change into new types of rock (heat and pressure)

IGNEOUS ROCKSRocks that form when molten (melted)

rock cools and becomes a solidTemperatures deep within the Earth are so hot 1400 F-

2300F rock will melt

MAGMAMolten Rock that is below the surface of the Earth

LAVAWhen magma reaches the surface of the Earth it is called Lava

1. CompositionIgneous rocks are classified by how much silica

content they have

Igneous rocks are mostly made of silicate minerals (silica and oxygen)

Color will give you a good estimate of the amount of Silica

HIGH LEVELS OF SILICA LOW LEVELS OF SILICA

Color= Light Color= Dark

GRANITE BASALT

RHYOLITE GABBRO

2. Origins of Igneous rocksMagma and Lava form different types of igneous rocks

INTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK

One that forms when magma cools within the Earth (INside)

Granite same composition

Same composition

Gabbro

EXTRUSIVE IGNEOUS ROCK

One that forms when lava cools on Earth surface (EXterior)

RhyolitePumice

Basalt

3.TEXTURE- the size of its mineral crystals-Depends on how fast the magma or lava cool

Intrusive- Stay below the Earth

LARGE CRYSTALS FORM FROM MAGMA

1.The interior is very hot2.High temperature allows for slow cooling3.Slow cooling allows time for LARGE CRYSTALS

Extrusive- At the surface

SMALL CRYSTALS FORM FROM LAVA

1.The surface is cooler than inside Earth2.Low temperatures cause lava to cool fast3.There is no time for large crystals to form

ROCK FORMATIONSIgneous rocks make long-lasting landforms

INTRUSIVE ROCK FORMATIONS

• Magma can slowly cool inside a volcano.

• Over time, wind and water can wear away surrounding rock to expose the intrusive rock.

• These landforms are harder and longer lasting than other types of rocks

EXTRUSIVE ROCK FORMATIONS

• Lava erupts in different ways

• 1. low silica lava, like basalt, flows easy in thin layers (Hawaii, Columbia Plateau)

• 2. High silica lava builds steep cone shaped volcanoes and erupt explosively (Mt. St. Helens)

Devils rock and Ship rock Are examples of Intrusive Rock Formations

Low Silica lava flow form extrusive rock formation in thin layers

HAWAIIAN ISLANDS

MT. ST. HELENSHigh Silica Lava forms Extrusive land formation

with violent erupts

3.3 Sedimentary Rocks

• Some rocks form from rock particles• Most sedimentary rocks form from loose

material that gets pressed together.• Sediments are materials that settle out of

water or air.• Sediments can be loose pieces of rocks and

minerals or even plant and animal remains.

Sedimentary rocks develop layers

Types of Sedimentary Rock

• Made of other rock particles, classified by particles size.– Big particles (pebbles and bigger) conglomerate,

puddingstone– Smaller particles – sandstone, shale, , mudstone.

• Made of plants or shells– Plants (formed in swamps) coal– Shells (dissolved or not) limestone, chalk

3.4 Metamorphic Rock

• Heat and Pressure can change a rock• Because pressure and temperature increase

with depth, rocks change more when they are buried deeper in the crust.

• The deeper the rock, the more heat and pressure it is exposed to, the more it changes.

Foliated vs. Nonfoliated Rocks

• Foliation is an arrangement of minerals in flat or wavy parallel bands.

• Foliation occurs when rocks are under pressure.– Rock must contain more than one type of mineral.

• Nonfoliated rocks occur when heat and pressure are applied to rocks that contain only one kind of mineral– Limestone becomes Marble

Foliated vs. Nonfoliated Rocks