WELCOME

Md.Mainuddin Assistant Teacher(social Science)Puichari Islamia Fazil Madrasah

Banskhali, Chittagong.Mobile: 01816-255547

E-mail: friendlymd.mu@gmail.com

ENGLISH SECOND PAPERCLASS: EIGHT

TIME: 45 MINUTES.

The boy is kicking the ball strongly.

The ball is receiving an action

Receiver of an action

The boy is throwing a ball into the box.

Actor of an action

A ball is being thrown by

the boy into the box.

VOICEClass Eight

Time: 45 minutes

After completing this lesson the students will be able-To define the voice.To classify the voice.To narrate the transformation of voice. To describe some important ideas on it.

[Assertive sentence: primary stage of transformation]

LEARNING OUTCOME

VOICE-DEFINITION IN BANGLA

The thief is arrested by a policeman.

The girl is writing a letter.

The picketer has been arrested by the policemen.

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Let’s see some more examples.

Note that

MORE EXAMPLES

1 2 3

3 2 1

Active: Joe gave a ring to Mary.

subject directsubject

Passive: A ring was given to Mary by Joe.

subjectDoer of action in “by” prepositional phrase.

Change the active into passive.

EVALUATION

PASSIVE VOICE: The report was written by Kristen (the subject, ‘the report’, was acted upon).

ACTIVE VOICE: Kristen wrote the report (the subject, Kristen, acts).

The court held that the plaintiff had no claim.

Active or passive? Should this be changed?Explanation: In each clause in the sentence, the subject is

the actor (court and plaintiff).Changing the sentence to the passive would create this

(বি�সদশৃ/কঠিন/বে�মানান)awkward sentence:It was held by the court that no claim was had by the plaintif

IMPORTANTS ACTIVE TO PASSIVE VOICE: You must add:( +) extra to

be: am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being. & agent (prepositions as by/with/to etc.)

PASSIVE TO ACTIVE VOICE: You must delete:( -) extra to be: am, is, are, was, were, be, been, being. & agent (prepositions as by/with/to etc.)

When To Use the Active and Passive VoiceHow do you decide when to use the active voice and when to use passive

voice? Well, both are grammatically correct. However, the emphasis of the subject and object changes. Below is a list of advantages for both

which will help to guide your decision.

Advantages of the active voice:•Active sentences are shorter. •Active sentences are more direct. (This ensures the subject takes responsibility for the action.) •Active sentences are more engaging for the reader. •Active sentences are often less confusing and less ambiguous. •Active sentences allow you to express an authoritative tone.

Advantages of the passive voice:•Passive sentences allow the subject to avoid responsibility for the action. •Passive sentences can show a neutral or objective tone. •Passive sentences are used when the subject is obvious, unimportant, or unknown. •Passive sentences allow you to shift the focus of the subject.(This allows you to highlight what is truly important for your sentence.)

You have to write out 15 more

assertive sentences with affirmative and

negative mode of active voice and

change them into passive voice.

You can use any ref. book for this

preparation.