Name: Group:

1

Trypanosoma equiperdum

(Excavata: Euglenozoa – Kinetoplastidea)

What other cells (except trypanosomes) can be seen in the microscope slide?

Are trypanosomes intracellular or extracellular parasites?

There are pictures of the two important vectors of trypanosomes. Name these vectors.

Which species of Trypanosoma spp. are transmited by these vectors?

Notes:

nucleus

kinetoplast

flagellum

undulating membrane

trypomasigot

promastigot

epimastigot

amastigot

50

m

Magnification:

Name: Group:

2

Other examples of common or mimportant „protists“: Ciliates – Paramecium

sp. (1), ruminant symbionts Entodinium (2) and Isotricha (3); Excavata –

Trichomonas vaginalis (4) and Giardia intestinalis (5); formainifera (6)

What are the functions of pulsating vacuole, macro- and micro- nucleus in

Paramecium sp.?

What are the „shells“ (correct term is „test“) of Foraminifera made of?

What is the function of symbiotic protists for ruminants?

Notes:

50

m

1 2

3

4

6

5

Name: Group:

3

Eimeria sp.

(Chromalveolata: Apicomplexa – Coccidea)

Complete the pictures of an oocyst before and after sporulation.

How many sporocysts can be seen in an infectious oocyst?

Are coccidia monoxenous or heteroxenous? What does it mean?

Which apicomplexa are transmited by mosquitoes of the genus Anopheles? (See the

differences in sitting position between mosquitoes of genus Anopheles and Culex.)

Notes:

Anopheles sp. Culex sp.

50

m

Magnification: before sporulation

after sporulation

Name: Group:

4

Myxobolus cyprini – spores

(Metazoa: Myxozoa)

Draw the polar capsules, that are stained to intense violet color.

What is stored in the polar capsules? What is the function of this

structure?

What is a syncytium? What are the two ways it can form?

Which group of organisms are Myxozoa related to?

Notes: schéma spóry

??

sporoplasma

50

m

Magnification:

Name: Group:

5

Opisthoconta – Metazoa:

Sponges - Porifera

What is the food of sponges? How do they ingest it?

Notes:

Kyveta.

Basic types of body shapes in sponges

(bold dark is layer of choanocytes - choanoderm): ascon sycon leucon

choanocyte

Name: Group:

6

Cnidaria:

Anthozoa – corals; Muricea placomus (1);

Hydrozoa – Eudendrium ramosum

What materials is the skelet of corals made of?

What type of reproduction is used by cnidarians in stage of polyp?

Notes:

Scheme of cnidocyte before and after „firing“ Hydra sp.

Name: Group:

7

Cnidaria Hydrozoa: Geryonia proboscidalis (hydromedusa)(1); Aequorea discus(2)

Scyphozoa: Rhizostoma pulmo (medusa)(3

What mode of reproduction use cnidarians in the stage of medusa?

Explain term metagenesis.

Where can be found rhopalia and what is their function?

How does the gastrovascular system work?

Notes:

glass container

1 2

3

Name: Group:

8

flatworms – Platyhelminthes

flukes - Trematoda

parasitic Gorgodera sp.

Complete the picture by drawing mouth and central

suckers (tzv. acetabula).

What is the reptoductive system of

flukes composed of?

Poznámky:

branched gut without anus

uterus with ova

magnification:

testes

ovarium

Other important species:

common

liver fluke

Fasciola

hepatica

Lanced fluke

Dicrocoelium

lanceolatum

Schistosoma sp.

♂

♀

1000

m

Name: Group:

9

flatworms – Platyhelminthes

tapeworms – Cestoda

tapeworm – Taenia pisiformis – scolex

Complete the picture with suckers (bothria). How many bothria are present in this

species?

To which order of flatworms belongs

this species?

What is the definitive host for this species?

Poznámky:

magnification:

Scolex of other important species:

Fish tapeworm Diphyllobothrium latum

Pork tapeworm

Taenia solium

Beef tapeworm Taenia saginata

500

m

Name: Group:

10

flatworms – Plathelminthes

tapeworms – Cestoda

Taenia sp. – „cyst“

Draw the rostellum.

Could it be Taenia solium or Taenia saginata? Why?

Which type of cyst is thi: a) cysticercus, b) coenurus, c) echinococcus?

Notes:

bothria

magnification:

500

m

Name: Group:

11

flatworms – Plathelminthes

class: Monogenea

frog parasite Polystoma integerrimum

Draw the opisthaptor with suckerlets and hooks. How many suckerets has this species?

Monogenea are: a) endoparasite of mammals

b) ectoparasites of fish and amphibians

c) free living d) endoparasite sof fish

Notes:

Mouth sucker

pharynx

gut

magnification:

Gonopore(opening of the

genital duct)

ovary

Important fish parasite: Diplozoon sp.

1000

m

Name: Group:

12

phyllum Acanthocephala “thorny-headed worms”

Acanthocephalus sp.

Draw the hooked proboscis. What is it used for?

What kind of digestive tract have Acanthocephalla?

Notes:

magnification:

Proboscis cavity opening

1000

m

Name: Group:

13

round worms, nematodes – Nematoda

pinworm US (or threadworm GB) – Enterobius vermicularis

Draw end part of body female and male. How is the sexual dimorphism manifested?

Are pin worms biohelmints or geohelmints? What does it mean?

What is autoinfection, how does it happen in case

of the seatworm?

notes:

pharynx

anus

gonopore

uterus with ova

Magnification::

Shapes of pharynx of nematodes: 1. filarioid, 2. oxyuroid, 3. dorylaimoid, 4. rhabditoid

1. 2. 3. 4.

1000

m

Name: Group:

14

roundworms – Nematoda

„pork worm“ – Trichinella spiralis

Complete the picture of encysted Trichinella. What life stage is it? (larva / adult)?

Are trichinellas biohelmints or geohelmints?

What type of digestive tract do the nematodes have?

Notes:

Magnification:

cuticle

4 layared hypodermis

muscles

gut

gonads (ovaria or !! testes)

100

m

muscle