Tri-Municipal Region Labour Market Profile · Tri-Municipal Region: Labour Market Proﬁle - Summary Report 1 of 64 Tri-Municipal Region Labour Market Profile Summary Report December

Tri-Municipal Region: Labour Market Profile - Summary Report

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Tri-Municipal RegionLabour Market ProfileSummary ReportDecember 2017A comparative overview of Labour Market Information for the Tri-Municipal Region in Alberta. This is one of a series of four reports on the Tri-Municipal Region labour market.

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Table of Contents1. ....................................................................................................................Introduction! 4

1.1. .......................................................................................................Purpose of the Study ! 41.2. ..............................................................................Organization of the Phase 1 Analysis! 5

2. ......................................................................................................Tri-Municipal Region! 63. ....................................................................................................Labour Market Profile! 8

3.1. ........................................................................................................................Population! 83.1.1. ............................................................................................................Population Share! 8

3.1.2. ..........................................................................................................Population Growth! 9

3.1.3. ...............................................................................................Population by Age Group ! 10

3.1.4. ........................................................................................................Family Composition! 13

3.1.5. ...............................................................................................Key Findings: Population! 14

3.2. ....................................................................................................................Labour Force! 153.2.1. .............................................................................................Labour Force Participation! 16

3.2.2. ...................................................................................................................Employment! 17

3.2.3. ..................................................................................Full Time / Part Time Employment! 19

3.2.4. ......................................................................................................Unemployment Rate ! 20

3.2.5. ..........................................................................................Key Findings: Labour Force! 21

3.3. ..................................................................................................Employment by Industry ! 223.3.1. ...................................Tri-Municipal Region Compared With Edmonton CMA/Province! 23

3.3.2. ....................................................................................Work at Home by Major Industry! 25

3.3.3. .........................................................................Key Findings: Employment by Industry! 26

3.4. .............................................................................................Employment by Occupation! 273.4.1. ...............................................Tri-Municipal Region Detailed Occupation (4 digit NOC)! 29

3.4.2. ...................................................................Key Findings : Employment by Occupation! 32

3.5. ..................................................................................................................Labour Supply ! 333.5.1. ........................................................Highest Level of Educational Attainment Overview! 33

3.5.2. .............................................................................................Post Secondary Education! 34

3.5.3. .......................................................................................Post Secondary Field of Study! 35

3.5.4. ......................................................................................................................Skill Levels! 36

3.5.5. ........................................................................Work to Home by Municipality Overview! 37

3.5.6. ........................................................................................Work to Home by Municipality! 38

3.5.7. .........................................................................................Work to Home Transportation! 40


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3.5.8. ...............................................................................................Local Labour Market Gap ! 41

3.5.9. ................................................................................Underemployed Labour Resources! 43

3.5.10. ........................................................................................Key Findings: Labour Supply! 44

3.6. ......................................................................................................Income & Affordability ! 453.6.1. .............................................................................................Median Household Income! 45

3.6.2. .......................................................................................Household Income Distribution! 46

3.6.3. .......................................................................................Income by Family Composition! 47

3.6.4. .............................................................................Economic Family Income Distribution! 48

3.6.5. .......................................................................................................Housing Affordability! 49

3.6.6. ..............................................................................................................Housing Tenure! 50

3.6.7. ....................................................................................................Monthly Shelter Costs! 51

3.6.8. ......................................................................................Low Income Measure After Tax! 52

3.6.9. ......................................................................................................................Child Care! 53

3.6.10. .............................................................................Key Findings: Income & Affordability! 53

3.7. ...................................................................................Employers in Tri-Municipal Region! 553.7.1. ...............................................................................................Key Findings: Employers! 55

4. ...................................................................................................................Conclusions! 574.1. ........................................................................................................................Next Steps! 60

5. ..................................................................................................Appendix A: Technical! 616. ....................................................................................................Appendix B: Sources! 62


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1. IntroductionLabour Market Information emerges as key to helping governments, businesses, non-governmental organizations and individuals respond to the changes that are happening throughout the economy. Understanding labour patterns and trends is essential to remain competitive in an economy and labour market that has changed in terms of demographics, occupation skills required, technological advances and future training demands.

In an age when careers and occupations are changing rapidly, timely and accurate labour market information is essential for informed decision-making by businesses, governments, non-

governmental organizations and individuals.

1.1. Purpose of the StudyLabour market information covers the principal elements of the labour market and its operations. The principal elements are the demand for labour and the supply of labour. The purpose of the 2-phase comprehensive study is to provide relevant, timely, and accurate labour market information to stakeholders, including job seekers, employers, industry, post secondary institutions, and government agencies. This study is designed to inform people of employment opportunities, assist in career planning for residents and migrants to the Region, help attract newcomers to existing and emerging opportunities, and respond to current and future labour market realities within the Region.

The purpose of this series of reports in the Phase 1 Labour Market Profile is to provide detailed labour market analysis for:

The Tri-Municipal Region;The three participating municipalities that comprise the Tri-Municipal Region: City of Spruce Grove, Town of Stony Plain and Parkland County; andThe two indigenous communities within the Tri-Municipal Region: Paul First Nation and Enoch Cree Nation.

The detailed labour market analysis within Phase 1 will inform the development of Phase 2. The Phase 2 Labour Market Survey will provide a more in depth understanding of the Tri-Municipal Region labour force, identify gaps and issues, and deliver methods to potentially address these gaps and issues.

Labour market information needs to be presented in a clear, understandable and useable form and support evidence-based

decision-making in both the workplace and career planning.


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1.2. Organization of the Phase 1 AnalysisThe Phase 1 analysis is organized into four reports, each under separate cover, as follows:

Summary Report: This report provides an overview of the detailed labour market analysis for the Tri-Municipal Region and includes summary statistics and analysis of how the Tri-Municipal Region compares to the Edmonton Metropolitan Region and Province of Alberta.Municipal Reports (3): A municipal report containing detailed labour market information and analysis for each participating municipality: City of Spruce Grove, Town of Stony Plain and Parkland County.

For information about the sources of data used in the Phase 1 analysis, see Appendix B in each report.


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2. Tri-Municipal RegionThe Tri-Municipal Region is is located west of the City of Edmonton and forms part of the Greater Edmonton Metropolitan Region. The Tri-Municipal Region extends approximately 80 km west of the City of Edmonton to the Pembina River. The southern boundary is marked by the North Saskatchewan River, while the northern boundary separates Parkland County and the rest of the Tri-Municipal Region from Lac Ste. Anne and Sturgeon Counties.

The Tri-Municipal Region is well connected to major transportation routes, including the Yellowhead TransCanada Highway, Highway 16A, Highway 60, and Highway 43 which connect to the Mackenzie and Alaska Highways. The City of Edmonton’s ring road, Anthony Henday Drive, provides fast and convenient travel throughout the Edmonton Metropolitan Region and quick access to the Edmonton International Airport.

Tri-Municipal Region Map


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The Tri-Municipal Region has been defined to include three municipalities and two First Nations.

City of Spruce Grove: The City of Spruce Grove is Alberta’s 9th largest city, located 11 km west of the City of Edmonton. The City is adjacent to the Town of Stony Plain and surrounded by Parkland County.Town of Stony Plain: The Town of Stony Plain is Alberta’s 3rd largest town, located approximately 17 km west of the City of Edmonton. The Town is adjacent to the City of Spruce Grove and surrounded by Parkland County.Parkland County: Parkland County is Alberta’s 3rd largest County, located immediately west of the City of Edmonton. The County surrounds the City of Spruce Grove and Town of Stony Plain.Enoch Cree First Nation: Enoch Cree First Nation, part of Treaty No. 6 Territory, borders the City of Edmonton’s west side and is situated within Parkland County.Paul First Nation: Paul First Nation, part of Treaty No. 6 Territory, occupies land along Wabamun Lake approximately 70 km west of the City of Edmonton and is situated within Parkland County.


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3. Labour Market ProfileThis Summary Report provides an overview of selected labour market information for the Tri-Municipal Region and municipalities and First Nations in the Region. The purpose of this analysis is to gain insight into the workforce of the Region and identify key labour market findings as a step towards the development of a labour market strategy and program and policy measures that could enable advancement of the Region.

3.1. PopulationIn 2016, the Tri-Municipal Region’s population totalled 86,634. The local population is directly related to the local workforce. It also has a direct connection to the number and types of businesses and other employers located in the community and the workforce requirements of those enterprises.

3.1.1. Population ShareIn 2016, the Tri-Municipal Region’s population represented 6.6% of the Edmonton CMA population of 1.32 million. Within the Tri-Municipal Region, Spruce Grove and Parkland County have the largest shares of the population at 39% and 37% of the total population respectively. Stony Plain has 20% of the population, followed by Enoch First Nation at 2.0% and Paul First Nation at 1.8%.

Tri-Municipal Region Population Share (2016)1

Spruce Grove’s 2016 population was 34,066.

Spruce Grove

39%

Stony Plain’s 2016 population was 17,189.

Stony Plain

20%

Parkland County’s 2016 population was 32,097.

Parkland County

37%


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1 The 2017 Municipal Census population of Spruce Grove was 34,881.

3.1.2. Population GrowthThe Tri-Municipal Region has grown significantly faster than the Edmonton CMA. Between 2001 and 2016 the Tri-Municipal Region grew at an average annual rate of 3.0% compared to 2.1% for the Edmonton CMA. This follows the trend with CMAs in Canada, where population growth is slower among ‘central municipalities’ (the municipality that lends its name to the corresponding CMA) than ‘peripheral municipalities’ (all other municipalities within a CMA). The Tri-Municipal Region growth rate is comprised of peripheral municipalities, while the Edmonton CMA growth rate is disproportionately from the City of Edmonton.2

Within the Tri-Municipal Region, Spruce Grove has grown the fastest at 5.2%, twice the rate of the Edmonton CMA. At 4.0%, Stony Plain has also outpaced the Edmonton CMA. Paul First Nation grew at an average annual rate of 2.8% and Enoch First Nation at a rate of 1.4% per year. Parkland County grew at the lowest rate at 1.1% per year, about half the rate of the Edmonton CMA. While the rural population across Canada has been declining, Parkland County’s population has continued to grow steadily over the period of analysis.3

Tri-Municipal Region Population Growth (2001-2016)4

Spruce Grove Stony Plain Parkland County Enoch FN Paul FN

0

10,000

20,000

30,000

40,000

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Pers

ons

Year


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2 Statistics Canada, Municipalities in Canada with the largest and fastest-growing populations between 2011 and 2016 http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/98-200-x2016001-eng.pdf

3 Statistics Canada, Canadian Demographics at a Glance, second edition http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/91-003-x/91-003-x2014001-eng.pdf

4 Data points between Federal and Municipal Census data have been estimated by Applications Management Consulting Ltd.

http://publications.gc.ca/collections/collection_2017/statcan/98-200-x2016001-eng.pdf




http://www.statcan.gc.ca/pub/91-003-x/91-003-x2014001-eng.pdf




3.1.3. Population by Age GroupThe age breakdown of the Tri-Municipal Region varies significantly between municipalities, as depicted below.

Municipal Population Distribution by Age Cohort (2016)5

Spruce Grove Stony Plain Parkland County Tri-Municipal

0%

2.5%

5%

7.5%

10%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Popu

latio

n D

istri

butio

n (%

)

AgeThe City of Spruce Grove has a younger population, with a median age of 34.0 years, while Parkland County and the Town of Stony Plain have an older population, each with a median age of 38.2 years. Some notable differences in the age composition of each community include:

The Spruce Grove 25-34 year age cohort is significantly higher than the average for the Region. This is indicative of a higher proportion of young families as noted by the higher than average proportion of children 0-4. The Parkland County 50-59 year age cohort, which includes mature workers established in their careers, is significantly higher than the average for the Region. This is largely a result of the aging in place of those 35-49 years in 2001 to the 45-64 years age cohorts in 2016. As well, there is a significantly lower proportion of the Parkland County population in the young adult age category (20-29), who generally are at the start of their careers.Stony Plain has an age profile that is generally consistent with the average for the Tri-Municipal Region, with the exception of the 75+ age cohorts which are higher for Stony Plain than the average for the Region. This is largely a result of the aging in place of those 60-74 years in 2001 to the 75+years age cohorts in 2016.


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5 Tri-Municipal Total includes Enoch and Paul First Nation data.

Parkland CountySpruce Grove

Parkland County

The First Nation populations of Enoch and Paul are significantly younger than the average for the Tri-Municipal Region as a whole. The median age for Enoch is 25.2 years and the median age for Paul is 21.1 years. The younger population distribution for the First Nations is most pronounced for:

The age cohorts 0-24, where First Nations populations are significantly higher than the average for the Tri-Municipal Region; and The 45-64 age cohorts and older, where First Nations populations are significantly lower than the Region.

These population distribution trends in Enoch and Paul are consistent with trends for Aboriginal populations nationally, where the proportion of Aboriginal peoples in younger age cohorts is higher and older age cohorts is lower than for the non-Aboriginal population.6

First Nations Population Distribution by Age Cohort (2016)7

Enoch FN Paul FN Tri-Municipal

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Popu

latio

n D

istri

butio

n (%

)

Age


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6 Statistics Canada, Aboriginal peoples in Canada: Key results from the 2016 Census http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/171025/dq171025a-eng.pdf


First Nation

First Nation

http://www.statcan.gc.ca/daily-quotidien/171025/dq171025a-eng.pdf




The age breakdown of the Edmonton CMA is similar to that for the province. However, the Tri-Municipal Region has some significant differences as compared to these larger regions:

There is a larger proportion of the population in the 0-14 year age cohorts, representing growth in young families in the Tri-Municipal Region.There is a lower porportion of the population in the 20-34 year age cohorts. This latter variation results in the Tri-Municipal Region having a smaller young working age population than the Edmonton CMA and province.The deficit in the 20-34 age cohorts is partially made up with the higher proportion of the population aged 45-64, indicative of the importance of mature workers in the Tri-Municipal Region.While the Tri-Municipal Region has a lower proportion in the 75+ age cohorts, if trends toward aging in place continue, future growth in the number of older adults can be expected.

Population Distribution by Age Cohort (2016)8

Tri-Municipal Edmonton CMA Alberta

0%

1%

2%

3%

4%

5%

6%

7%

8%

9%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100

Poop

ulat

ion

Dis

tribu

tion

(%)

Age


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Tri-Municipal

Tri-Municipal

3.1.4. Family CompositionThe Tri-Municipal Region Family Composition has a higher proportion of Couple Familes, both with and without children as compared to the Edmonton CMA and province. Correspondingly, there is a smaller proportion of families in the Tri-Municipal Region comprised of Individuals Not In Families, 26.3% versus 36.3% for the Edmonton CMA and 35.2% for the province. However, the Tri-Municipal Region has a higher proportion of Lone Parent Families, 9.6% compared to 9.5% for the Edmonton CMA and 8.9% for the province.

Family Composition (2016)

Family Type SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

Couple family with Children

Couple only family

Lone parent families

Individuals not in families

34.3% 29.2% 36.5% 33.3% 41.4% 34.2% 30.8% 31.1%

26.4% 28.7% 36.2% 12.1% 4.3% 29.9% 23.5% 24.8%

10.4% 10.4% 6.2% 28.3% 35.7% 9.6% 9.5% 8.9%

28.9% 31.7% 21.0% 26.3% 18.6% 26.3% 36.3% 35.2%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Within the Tri-Municipal Region, there is some variation in the Family Composition between municipalities.

Parkland County has the highest proportion of Couple Families, both with and without children.Stony Plain has the highest proportion of Individuals Not In Families.Spruce Grove and Stony Plain have a higher proportion of Lone Parent Families, while Parkland County has a relatively low proportion.

There is also some variation in the Family Composition of the municipal and First Nations’ populations.

Generally the First Nations’ populations are comprised of a greater proportion of Couple Families With Children and Lone Parent Families than the municipal populations.Municipal populations generally have a higher proportion of Couple Only Families and Individuals Not In Families than the First Nations’ populations.


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3.1.5. Key Findings: PopulationThe Tri-Municipal Region’s population is growing faster than the Edmonton CMA as a whole.

The age breakdown of the Tri-Municipal Region creates some challenges in providing a local worforce in the age cohorts from 25-34.

The Tri-Municipal Region has a higher proportion of its workforce in the older age cohorts from 50-64.

There is a slightly higher proportion of Couple Families With Children and Lone Parent Families in the Tri-Municipal Region than the Edmonton CMA as a whole. This creates the potential need for more child care to allow more members of the family the opportunity to work.


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3.2. Labour ForceThe Working Age Population is defined as those persons aged 15 years and older. The Labour Force is a subset of the Working Age Population, and is defined as persons having a job or business and unemployed persons who are available for work and are actively seeking employment. Those deemed to be Not In The Labour Force represent the rest of the Working Age Population.9

Within the Tri-Municipal Region, Spruce Grove and Parkland County have the largest proportion of population in the Labour Force and working. Spruce Grove is comprised of: 52% employed; 4% unemployed; and 20% not participating in the labour force. Parkland County is comprised of: 52% employed; 5% unemployed; and 24% not participating in the labour force. Parkland County has the lowest proportion of its population that is not working age, while Spruce Grove has the highest proportion of its population that is outside working age.

On the other hand, Stony Plain is comprised of: 48% employed; 5% unemployed; and 25% not participating in the labour force. Stony Plain has the smallest proportion of its population in the Labour Force and working and the highest proportion of its population Not in the Labour Force.

Tri-Municipal Region Population Components (2016)

52%

4%20%

23%

52%

5%24%

19%

48%

5%25%

22%

Spruce Grove Stony Plain Parkland County


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9 Those Not In The Labour Force were either unwilling or unable to offer or supply labour services under conditions existing in their labour markets.

3.2.1. Labour Force ParticipationThe Labour Force Participation for municipalities in the Tri-Municipal Region have consistently averaged above 70% through most of the period of analysis.10 Spruce Grove and Parkland County had the highest participation rates in the Tri-Municipal Region in 2016, at 74% and 70% respectively. The participation rate in Stony Plain was lower, at 68%. Recent decline in participation rates for municipalities in the Region have been largely a result of the economic downturn that resulted from the oil price drop beginning in the fall of 2014.

The Labour Force Participation Rates in Enoch and Paul First Nations’ are lower and vary considerably more than the municipal figures. Enoch was the only municipality or First Nation in the Tri-Municipal Region to experience increase in its labour force participation rate, from 58% in 2011 to 64% in 2016. Meanwhile, Paul has been experiencing decline in its labour force participation rate, from 56% in 2006 to 41% in 2016.

Labour Force Participation Rate (2001-2016)11


0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Parti

cipa

tion

Rat

e (%

)

Year


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10 Federal Census data is available for 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016. 2011 data is from the National Household Survey Community Profile data. All other data points have been estimated by Applications Management Consulting based on an analysis of regional labour market trends using Edmonton CMA Labour Force Survey Estimates for the period 2007 to 2016.

11 Data points between the Federal Census data are estimates provided by Applications Management Consulting Ltd.

3.2.2. EmploymentEmployment includes all persons working either full time or part time.12 In 2016, the Tri-Municipal Region’s employed population totalled 43,560.13

The Tri-Municipal Region’s employed population represents 6.3% of the Edmonton CMA’s employed population of 694,180. This is somewhat lower than the Tri-Municipal Region’s share of Edmonton CMA population (6.6%). This follows historical trends between 2001 and 2016, as the proportion of the Tri-Municipal Region’s share of the Edmonton CMA’s population has been consistently higher than its share of the Edmonton CMA’s employed population. This is due in part to the Tri-Municipal Region having a larger proportion of its population in the 0-14 year age cohorts compared to the Edmonton CMA.

In the Tri-Municipal Region, Spruce Grove and Parkland County have the largest shares of the employed population at 41% and 38% of the total population respectively. Stony Plain has 19% of the employed population, followed by Enoch First Nation at 1.4% and Paul First Nation at 0.7%.

Tri-Municipal Region Employment (2016)

17,790 Spruce Grove residents were employed in

2016.

Spruce Grove

41%

8,320 Stony Plain residents were employed in 2016.

Stony Plain

19%

16,530 Parkland County residents were employed in

2016.

Parkland County

38%


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12 Employment includes all persons doing any work at all at a job or business, that is, paid work in the context of an employer-employee relationship, or self-employment. It also includes unpaid family work, which is defined as unpaid work contributing directly to the operation of a farm, business or professional practice owned and operated by a related member of the same household.


Employment in the Tri-Municipal Region has grown significantly faster than the Edmonton CMA. Between 2001 and 2016 the Tri-Municipal Region employment grew at an average annual rate of 2.7% compared to 2.2% for the Edmonton CMA. It is to be expected that as the Tri-Municipal Region’s population is growing faster its employment would grow faster than the Edmonton CMA as well. Growing populations generally demand greater amounts of goods and services, which in turn creates more employment opportunities.

Of the municipalities within the Tri-Municipal Region, Spruce Grove and Stony Plain employment has grown the fastest since 2001, at 4.7% and 3.7% respectively. Paul First Nation employment grew at an average annual rate of 5.4% and Enoch First Nation employment at a rate of 4.7% per year. Parkland County was the only municipality or First Nation in the Tri-Municipal Region not to outpace employment growth in the Edmonton CMA. Parkland County’s employment grew at the lowest rate since 2001, 0.6% per year. Notably, between 2011 and 2016 Parkland County’s employment shrank by 1.2%.

Tri-Municipal Region Employment Growth (2001-2016)14


0

5,000

10,000

15,000

20,000

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Empl

oyed

Per

sons

Year


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14 Data points between the Federal Census data are estimates provided by Applications Management Consulting Ltd.

3.2.3. Full Time / Part Time EmploymentFull-time employment consists of people who usually work 30 hours or more per week at their main or only job. Part-time employment consists of people who usually work less than 30 hours per week at their main or only job.

The workforce in each of the municipalities in the Tri-Municipal Region were more typically engaged in Full-Time Employment than the Edmonton CMA and province.

Full Time / Part Time Employment (2015)15

Tri-Municipal Region Full Time employment was 82%

with Part Time 18%.

Tri-Municipal

82%

Edmonton CMA Full Time employment was 79% with

Part Time 21%.

Edmonton CMA

79%

Alberta Full Time employment was 78% with

Part Time 22%.

Alberta

78%

The proportion of the Tri-Municipal Region’s total employment that is Full Time has gradually increased over the period of analysis.

Spruce Grove: The proportion of Spruce Grove’s total employment that is Full Time increased from 77% in 2000 to 84% in 2015.Stony Plain: The proportion of Stony Plain’s total employment that is Full Time increased from 74% in 2000 to 84% in 2015.Parkland County: The proportion of Parkland County’s total employment that is Full Time increased from 77% in 2000 to 80% in 2015.


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15 For the 2016 Federal Census, the reference year for full time / part time data is the previous calendar year 2015. Federal Census data for 2015 is currently available for Edmonton CMA and Alberta. Tri-Municipal Region data for 2015 has been estimated by Applications Management Consulting Ltd.

3.2.4. Unemployment RateThe Unemployment Rate refers to the number of workers employed expressed as a percentage of the total population 15 years of age and over. The Tri-Municipal Region unemployment rate was 9.0% in 2016.16

The Tri-Municipal Region unemployment rate has been below that of the Edmonton CMA and the province for most of the period of analysis. Most notably, the Tri-Municipal Region unemployment rate is not estimated to have increased as dramatically following the world wide financial crisis of 2008. During this period Edmonton CMA and provincial unemployment rates increased to almost 7% while it is estimated that the Tr-Municipal Region unemployment rate peaked at about 5.5%. However, the Tri-Municipal Region has not been sheltered from the oil price shock of 2014 and has seen increasing unemployment rates above those of the Edmonton CMA and the province. Most recently, the economic downturn resulting from a significant decline in energy prices has pushed the Tri-Municipal Region unemployment rate to 9% in 2016.

Tri-Municipal Region Unemployment Rate (2001-2016)17

Tri-Municipal Edmonton CMA Alberta

0%

2%

4%

6%

8%

10%

2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 2015

Une

mpl

oym

ent R

ate

(%)

Year


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17 Data points between the Federal Census data are estimates provided by Applications Management Consulting Ltd. Tri-Municipal Total includes Enoch and Paul First Nation data.

3.2.5. Key Findings: Labour ForceThe historic Labour Force Particpation Rates in Tri-Municipal Region First Nations’ are lower and more volatile than that for the rest of the Region. As a result there is an untapped pool of underemployed First Nations’ on-reserve workers in the Region.

The Tri-Municipal Region’s employment is growing faster than the Edmonton CMA as a whole.

The workforce in each of the municipalities in the Tri-Municipal Region were more typically engaged in Full-Time Employment than the Edmonton CMA and province.

While the Tri-Municipal Region’s unemployment rate has tracked below the Edmonton CMA and the province for most of the period of analysis, it was higher than both in 2016.


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3.3. Employment by IndustryThe workforce residing in the Tri-Municipal Region employment by 2-digit NAICS industry classification is provided below.18

Tri-Municipal Region Employment by Industry - % of Municipal/First Nations Total (2016)

Industry SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M

11 Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting

21 Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction

22 Utilities

23 Construction

31-33 Manufacturing

41 Wholesale trade

44-45 Retail trade

48-49 Transportation and warehousing

51 Information and cultural industries

52 Finance and insurance

53 Real estate and rental and leasing

54 Professional, scientific and technical services

55 Management of companies and enterprises

56 Administrative and support, waste management and remediation services

61 Educational services

62 Health care and social assistance

71 Arts, entertainment and recreation

72 Accommodation and food services

81 Other services (except public administration)

91 Public administration

0.7% 1.2% 4.2% 0.0% 4.4% 2.1%

4.0% 5.9% 5.5% 1.4% 2.9% 4.9%

1.5% 2.2% 2.2% 0.0% 5.9% 1.9%

15.8% 16.7% 17.4% 12.3% 13.2% 16.5%

5.6% 4.4% 5.5% 1.4% 0.0% 5.2%

5.9% 5.4% 4.7% 2.2% 0.0% 5.2%

13.0% 11.5% 9.3% 7.2% 2.9% 11.1%

5.0% 6.2% 6.0% 3.6% 2.9% 5.6%

1.2% 0.8% 0.8% 0.0% 0.0% 0.9%

2.9% 2.4% 2.8% 1.4% 0.0% 2.7%

1.7% 2.5% 1.8% 2.2% 0.0% 1.9%

5.0% 4.2% 7.0% 2.2% 0.0% 5.5%

0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.0% 0.0% 0.2%

2.9% 3.0% 3.6% 6.5% 8.8% 3.3%

6.1% 4.7% 4.6% 6.5% 7.4% 5.3%

9.6% 9.5% 7.7% 13.0% 10.3% 8.9%

1.8% 1.8% 1.8% 12.3% 13.2% 2.0%

6.6% 6.6% 3.9% 5.1% 4.4% 5.5%

5.2% 5.4% 6.0% 3.6% 0.0% 5.5%

5.3% 5.2% 5.3% 18.8% 23.5% 5.6%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%


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18 NAICS (North America Industrial Classification System) is a standardized way of classifying employment establishments for the purpose of collecting, analyzing, and publishing statistical data related to the economy and labour force. http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3VD.pl?Function=getVD&TVD=118464

http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3VD.pl?Function=getVD&TVD=118464




Total employment of Tri-Municipal Region workers is estimated at 47,000. There are many similarities across municipalities in the breakdown of this total by industry group (2-digit NAICS):

Construction employs the largest number of Tri-Municipal Region workers at 16.5% of the total. This industry employs the most workers for each of the municipalities and is among the top three employers for the First Nations’.Retail trade employs the second highest number of Tri-Municipal Region workers at 11.1% of the total.Health care and social assistance employs the third largest number of Tri-Municipal Region workers, at 8.9% of the total. This sector employs over 9% of the workers residing in the Region for each municipality or First Nations’ except for Parkland County, where only 7.7% of employed residents work in this industry.The proportion of the local workforce employed in Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting is higher for Parkland County.There are several industries that employ 5% to 6% of the Region workforce, including:

• Public administration• Transportation and warehousing• Accommodation and food services• Professional, scientific and technical services• Other services• Education services• Manufacturing; and• Wholesale trade.

While there are many similarites across the Tri-Municipal Region municipalities in terms of the types of industries residents are employed in, there are some significant differences between municipalities and First Nations’ populations. For example, the largest industry for First Nations’ workers is Public Administration, representing 18.8% of employment in Enoch and 23.5% in Paul First Nation. Arts, enterainment and recreation is one of the top three industries for First Nations’ workers, comprising 12.3% of employment in Enoch and 13.2% of employment in Paul.

3.3.1. Tri-Municipal Region Compared With Edmonton CMA/ProvinceComparing the Tri-Municipal Region workforce with that of the Edmonton CMA and province yields some interesting disparities. This not surprising given the high degree of mobility of workers in the Edmonton region.

The Tri-Municipal Region has a higher proportion of workers employed in Construction as compared to both the Edmonton CMA and province.There are also a higher proportion of workers employed in Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction as compared to the Edmonton CMA.


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The Tri-Municipal Region has a lower proportion of workers employed in Health care and social assistance and Professional, scientific and technical services industries as compared to both the Edmonton CMA and province.

Employment by Industry - % of (2016)19

Industry Tri-MEdm CMA

ABGap with

Edm CMAGap with

AB



22 Utilities

23 Construction

31-33 Manufacturing

41 Wholesale trade

44-45 Retail trade














2.1% 0.8% 2.8% 1.3% -0.7%

4.9% 3.1% 6.3% 1.8% -1.4%

1.9% 1.0% 1.0% 0.9% 0.9%

16.5% 11.8% 10.4% 4.7% 6.1%

5.2% 6.2% 5.6% -1.0% -0.4%

5.2% 4.1% 3.6% 1.1% 1.6%

11.1% 11.2% 11.0% -0.1% 0.1%

5.6% 4.8% 5.1% 0.8% 0.5%

0.9% 1.5% 1.5% -0.6% -0.6%

2.7% 3.3% 3.1% -0.6% -0.4%

1.9% 1.9% 1.8% 0.0% 0.1%

5.5% 7.0% 7.4% -1.5% -1.9%

0.2% 0.1% 0.2% 0.1% 0.0%

3.3% 3.8% 3.9% -0.5% -0.6%

5.3% 7.0% 6.5% -1.7% -1.2%

8.9% 11.6% 10.9% -2.7% -2.0%

2.0% 1.9% 2.0% 0.1% 0.0%

5.5% 6.9% 6.8% -1.4% -1.3%

5.5% 4.8% 4.7% 0.7% 0.8%

5.6% 7.2% 5.4% -1.6% 0.2%

Total 100% 100% 100%


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3.3.2. Work at Home by Major IndustryA work from home or work at home arrangement involves working from home and differs from the teleworking/telecommuting arrangement in that it does not require that the employee stay electronically connected to the work location during business hours.

Based on regional population and employment forecasts completed by Applications Management Consulting, the number of Work At Home workers by industry have been estimated.

Work at Home by Major Industry (2016)20

Industry SG SP PC Tri-M

Primary industries (Note 1)

Manufacturing (NAICS 31-33)

Construction (NAICS 23)

Utilities (NAICS 22)

Transportation, storage and communication (Note 2)

Wholesale trade (NAICS 42)

Retail trade (NAICS 44-45)

Finance, insurance and real estate (Note 3)

Commercial services (Note 4)

Non-commercial services (Note 5)

Public administration (NAICS 92)

50 25 405 480

16 8 43 67

20 14 103 137

0 0 0 0

56 10 40 106

15 3 19 37

33 7 22 62

12 11 67 90

133 71 299 503

113 66 99 278

7 0 1 8

Total 453 215 1,098 1,766

Notes:(1) Includes Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting (NAICS 11) and Mining (NAICS 21)(2) Includes Transportation and warehousing (NAICS 48-49) and Information (NAICS 51)(3) Includes Finance and insurance (NAICS 53) and Real estate, rental and leasing (NAICS 53) (4) Includes Professional, scientific and technical services (NAICS 54), Management of companies and enterprises (NAICS 55), Administrative support, waste management and remediation services (NAICS 56), Arts, entertainment and recreation (NAICS 71), Accommodation and food services (NAICS 81), and Other services (NAICS 81)(5) Includes Education services (NAICS 61) and Health care and social assistance (NAICS 62)


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20 Tri-Municipal Total does not include Enoch and Paul First Nation data.

It is estimated that 1,766 Tri-Municipal Region residents worked at home in 2016. This represents 3.8% of the local regional employed workforce. Most of the work at home activity in the Tri-Municipal Region occurs in Parkland County (62%) with 26% in Spruce Grove and 12% in Stony Plain.

The two largest industry sectors where workers are employed at home are Commercial services and Primary industries, both with approximately 500 workers. Most of the Primary industries workers are located in Parkland County and would be working on farms and in agriculture. The other major industry sectors with work at home employment are: Non-commercial services; Construction; and Transportation, storage and communication.

The prevalence of work at home is greater in the Tri-Municipal Region as compared to the Edmonton CMA. Only 3.1% of all Edmonton CMA workers are estimated to be working at home. Outside of the greater proportion of workers in Primary industries in the Tri-Municipal Region, the proportion of work at home in other industry sectors is similar to that for the Edmonton CMA.

3.3.3. Key Findings: Employment by IndustryThe top three industries by 2-digit NAICS industry classification are the same in each municipality: Construction; Retail trade; and Health care and social assistance.

Public administration is the top industry by 2-digit NAICS industry classification in the First Nations’.

Parkland County has a notable proportion of its local workforce employed in the Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting industry.

There is potential to create more work at home opportunities in Parkland County, particularly with Primary industries activity as most of these workers would be working on farms and in agriculture.

There is potential to support home based businesses to establish themselves in a commercial area in Spruce Grove and Stony Plain, especially with respect to activity in the Commercial services industry.


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3.4. Employment by OccupationThe Tri-Municipal Region residents are predominantly employed in three Major Occupation groups: Trades, transport and equipment operators; Sales and service; and Business, finance and administration. Collectively these major occupation groups account for over 60% of the Region’s employment. While there is variation in the proportion of occupations across municipalities and First Nations’, these three major occupation groups consistently comprise the majority of workers.

Tri-Municipal Employment by Major Occupation 2016 (1 digit NOC)21

Major Occupation SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M

0 Management occupations

1 Business, finance and administration occupations

2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations

3 Health occupations

4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services

5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport

6 Sales and service occupations

7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations

8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations

9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities

2,185 950 2,605 65 10 5,815

3,060 1,320 2,910 120 55 7,465

900 420 1,045 15 15 2,395

1,120 460 940 15 10 2,545

1,860 760 1,240 95 55 4,010

335 155 310 15 0 815

4,020 2,065 2,905 215 95 9,300

4,555 2,360 4,690 145 80 11,830

485 230 845 30 40 1,630

555 285 480 10 15 1,345

Total 19,075 9,005 17,970 725 375 47,150

Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations exhibited the largest growth in employment among Tri-Municipal Region workers since 2001, adding over 4,600 jobs over the past 15 years. Many of these workers would be employed in the Construction industry, which is the dominant industry for Tri-Municipal Region workers. Sales and service occupations added the second highest job totals in the Region between 2001 and 2016 – over 2,900 jobs. Many of these workers would be employed in the Retail trade industry, as this industry employs the second highest number of Tri-Municipal Region workers.


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21 National Occupation Classification (NOC) is a system to classify jobs. Classification definitions are available at: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3VD.pl?Function=getVD&TVD=314243

https://www.statcan.gc.ca/eng/subjects/standard/naics/2017/index




Comparing the breakdown of employment by occupation for the Tri-Municipal Region with the Edmonton CMA and province reveals a very similar pattern, with some notable variances.

The Tri-Municipal Region has a higher proportion of workers in Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations - 25.1% as compared to 18.7% and 18.0% for the Edmonton CMA and province respectively. This reflects the higher proportion of workers employed in the Construction industry as compared to the Edmonton CMA and province.The Edmonton CMA in particular, has a higher proportion of workers employed in Health occupations - 7.3% compared to 5.4% for the Tri-Municipal Region. This is consistent with the higher proportion of workers employed in the Health care and social assistance industry in the Edmonton CMA as compared to the Tri-Municipal Region.Similarly, the Edmonton CMA and province have a higher porportion of workers in Sales and service occupations than the Tri-Municipal Region. While the Tri-Municipal Region has a similar proportion of workers employed in the Retail trade industry, it has a lower proportion of workers employed in the Accommodation and food services and Information and cultural industries than the Edmonton CMA and province.

Share of Employment by Major Occupation (2016)22

Major Occupation Tri-MEdm CMA

ABGap with

Edm CMAGap with

AB

0 Management occupations

1 Business, finance and administration occupations

2 Natural and applied sciences and related occupations

3 Health occupations

4 Occupations in education, law and social, community and government services

5 Occupations in art, culture, recreation and sport

6 Sales and service occupations

7 Trades, transport and equipment operators and related occupations

8 Natural resources, agriculture and related production occupations

9 Occupations in manufacturing and utilities

12.3% 10.6% 11.6% 1.7% 0.7%

15.8% 16.0% 15.6% -0.2% 0.2%

5.1% 7.4% 7.7% -2.3% -2.6%

5.4% 7.3% 6.6% -1.9% -1.2%

8.5% 10.9% 10.1% -2.4% -1.6%

1.7% 2.3% 2.2% -0.6% -0.5%

19.7% 22.1% 21.7% -2.4% -2.0%

25.1% 18.7% 18.0% 6.4% 7.1%

3.5% 1.9% 3.2% 1.6% 0.3%

2.9% 2.9% 3.2% 0.0% -0.3%

Total 100% 100% 100%


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3.4.1. Tri-Municipal Region Detailed Occupation (4 digit NOC)23

The top 20 most numerous occupations for the Tri-Municipal Region in 2016 are listed in the tables on the following pages. These occupations have been ranked with oocupation having the most number of persons employed being first.

While there were some significant shifts in the top occupations of the workforce in the Tri-Municipal Region municipalities, in aggregate, these shifts are largely neutralized. Most notably, there was a significant increase in the rank of Construction managers (NOC 0711), which rose from 27 in 2001 to 15 in 2016. However, this occupation was not one of the fastest growing in the Tri-Municipal Region. Most of the largest growth occurred for workers in selected trades and construction.

The number one occupation in the Tri-Municipal Region, Retail salespersons (NOC 6421), exhibited the largest increase in employment between 2001 and 2016 (717 workers).The second largest increase in employment was for Retail and wholesale trade managers (NOC 0621), followed closely by Electricians (NOC 7241), with an increase of 378 jobs and 364 jobs respectively.The fourth largest increase in employment was for Construction trades helpers and labourers (NOC 7611) with an increase of 351 jobs.

When comparing the top 20 detailed occupations for the Tri-Municipal Region municipalities with the Edmonton CMA, there is a lot of congruency. There are two notable exceptions.

Generally construction and trades occupations are over represented in the Tri-Municipal Region as compared to the Edmonton CMA, just as the Construction industry employs a greater proportion of Tri-Municipal Region workers. This includes the following occupations:

• Construction trades helpers and labourers (NOC 7611)• Electricians (NOC 7241)• Carpenters (NOC 7271)• Construction managers (NOC 0711)

The other exception to relative congruency of the top 20 occupations is Managers in agriculture (NOC 0821) where the Tri-Municipal Region has a significantly greater porportion of the workforce than the Edmonton CMA as a whole (1.1% for the Tri-Municipal Region vs 0.4% for the Edmonton CMA).


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23 Detailed occupation (4 digit NOC) data has been estimated by Applications Management Consulting Ltd. National Occupation Classification (NOC) is a system to classify jobs. Classification definitions are available at: http://www23.statcan.gc.ca/imdb/p3VD.pl?Function=getVD&TVD=314243





Tri-Municipal Region Top 20 Occupations - 2016 Rank (4 digit NOC)24

RankRankRank

2001 2016 +/- Occupation 2001 2016 Change

1 1 6421 Retail salespersons

2 2 0621 Retail and wholesale trade managers

3 3 7511 Transport truck drivers

9 4 +5 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related support occupations

6 5 -1 6611 Cashiers

13 6 +7 7611 Construction trades helpers and labourers

7 7 3012 Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses

15 8 +7 7241 Electricians (except industrial and power system)

5 9 -4 1221 Administrative officers

4 10 -6 1241 Administrative assistants

8 11 -3 1411 General office support workers

16 12 +4 7271 Carpenters

11 13 -2 7237 Welders and related machine operators

12 14 -2 1111 Financial auditors and accountants

27 15 +12 0711 Construction managers

14 16 -2 7452 Material handlers

10 17 -7 0821 Managers in agriculture

25 18 +7 6513 Food and beverage servers

17 19 -2 4032 Elementary school and kindergarten teachers

22 20 +2 6731 Light duty cleaners

1,134 1,851 717

612 990 378

591 825 234

430 762 332

450 750 300

361 712 351

442 711 269

341 705 364

453 699 246

462 697 235

439 664 225

317 652 335

374 546 172

365 541 176

248 509 261

342 500 158

418 488 70

260 473 213

317 447 130

271 434 163


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24 Tri-Municipal Top 20 Occupations includes Enoch and Paul First Nation data. Wage and salary information for occupations in the Tri-Municipal Region is not currently available. Wage and salary information for most occupations in the Edmonton Economic Region and Alberta can be found at: https://alis.alberta.ca/occinfo/wages-and-salaries-in-alberta/.

https://alis.alberta.ca/occinfo/wages-and-salaries-in-alberta/

https://alis.alberta.ca/occinfo/wages-and-salaries-in-alberta/

Tri-Municipal Region vs Edmonton CMA - 2016 Tri-M Rank (4 digit NOC)25

RankRankRank

Edm Tri-M +/- Occupation

% of Total Employment% of Total Employment% of Total Employment

Edm Tri-M Change

1 1 6421 Retail salespersons

2 2 0621 Retail and wholesale trade managers

9 3 7511 Transport truck drivers

3 4 +5 6711 Food counter attendants, kitchen helpers and related support occupations

5 5 -1 6611 Cashiers

13 6 +7 7611 Construction trades helpers and labourers

4 7 3012 Registered nurses and registered psychiatric nurses

14 8 +7 7241 Electricians (except industrial and power system)

7 9 -4 1221 Administrative officers

6 10 -6 1241 Administrative assistants

8 11 -3 1411 General office support workers

18 12 +4 7271 Carpenters

19 13 -2 7237 Welders and related machine operators

12 14 -2 1111 Financial auditors and accountants

28 15 +12 0711 Construction managers

22 16 -2 7452 Material handlers

64 17 -7 0821 Managers in agriculture

11 18 +7 6513 Food and beverage servers

10 19 -2 4032 Elementary school and kindergarten teachers

15 20 +2 6731 Light duty cleaners

4.0% 4.1% 0.1%

2.1% 2.2% 0.1%

1.5% 1.8% 0.3%

2.1% 1.7% -0.4%

1.7% 1.7% 0.0%

1.2% 1.6% 0.4%

2.0% 1.6% -0.4%

1.1% 1.6% 0.5%

1.6% 1.5% -0.1%

1.6% 1.5% -0.1%

1.6% 1.5% -0.1%

1.1% 1.4% 0.3%

1.0% 1.2% 0.2%

1.3% 1.2% -0.1%

0.8% 1.1% 0.3%

1.0% 1.1% 0.1%

0.4% 1.1% 0.7%

1.3% 1.0% -0.3%

1.3% 1.0% -0.3%

1.1% 1.0% -0.1%


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3.4.2. Key Findings : Employment by OccupationThe top three major occupation groups by 1-digit NOC classification are the same in each municipality: Trades, transport and equipment operators; Sales and service; and Business, finance and administration.

Retail salespersons (NOC 6421) is the top detailed occupation by 4-digit NOC classification in all three municipalities in the Tri-Municipal Region.

There are five construction and trades occupations that are in the top 20 occupations in all three municipalities in the Tri-Municipal Region: Construction trades helpers and labourers (NOC 7611), Electricians (NOC 7241), Carpenters (NOC 7271), Welders and related machine operators (NOC 7237) and Construction managers (NOC 0711).

The Tri-Municipal Region has a notable proportion of its local workforce employed as Managers in agriculture (NOC 0821).


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3.5. Labour SupplyThe workforce living in the Tri-Municipal Region has been evaluated across a variety of parameters, including education attainment, skill levels, work to home trips and available workers in traditional underemployed worker categories.

3.5.1. Highest Level of Educational Attainment OverviewThe Tri-Municipal Region generally has a lower educated workforce compared to the Edmonton CMA and province. The share of Tri-Municipal Region workers that have No high school is 19% versus 15% for the Edmonton CMA and 17% for the province. The Enoch and Paul First Nations have significantly higher proportions of the workforce that have not finished high school than the rest of the Region. Among Tri-Municipal Region municipalities/First Nations’, Spruce Grove has the lowest share of workers that have No high school.

Similarly, the Tri-Municipal Region has a lower proportion of its workforce that has completed a Post Secondary education (51% as compared 57% for the Edmonton CMA and 55% for the province). The Enoch and Paul First Nations have significantly higher proportions of the workforce that have no post secondary education than the rest of the Region. Among Tri-Municipal Region municipalities/First Nations’, Parkland County has the highest share of workers that have Post Secondary education.

Highest Level of Educational Attainment Overview (2016)

Highest Educational Attainment

SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

No high school

High school

Post secondary

16.4% 20.5% 18.5% 38.7% 59.5% 19.0% 15.4% 16.9%

31.7% 30.9% 29.1% 25.7% 17.9% 30.2% 28.1% 27.9%

51.9% 48.5% 52.5% 35.7% 22.6% 50.8% 56.5% 55.2%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%


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3.5.2. Post Secondary EducationComparing the Tri-Municipal Region with the Edmonton CMA and province, post secondary attainment in the Tri-Municipal Region is generally concentrated in apprenticeship or trades and college certificates or diplomas. The proportion of the Tri-Municipal Region workforce with Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma is 28% of the total with some post secondary education as compared to 17% to 18% for the Edmonton CMA and province. Similarly, the Tri-Municipal Region has a higher proportion of post secondary graduates with a College certificate or diploma (42%) as compared to the Edmonton CMA and province (34% and 35% respectively). As a result, the proportion of the Tri-Municipal workforce with a Bachelor’s degree or above is significantly lower than the Edmonton CMA and provincial average.

The post secondary breakdown for the Tri-Municipal Region workforce is consistent with the dominance of construction and trades occupations. Reliance on the Construction industry and related sectors reinforces continued reliance. In this case, the Tri-Municipal region attracts more workers to the Region with apprenticeship or trades and college certificates or diplomas as opposed to workers with higher education attainment due to existing job opportunities. As a result existing and new businesses continue to grow job opportunities at this level of education attainment, but may have less opportunity to grow the number of jobs that are in other sectors and/or require higher education levels. Employers in the Tri-Municipal Region also have the ability to attract employees with higher education attainment who live elsewhere in the Edmonton CMA.

Post Secondary Breakdown (2016)

Post Secondary Attainment SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M

Edm CMA

Alta

Apprenticeship or trades certificate or diploma

College certificate or diploma

University below bachelor

Bachelor's degree

University above bachelor

25.0% 29.0% 31.2% 25.6% 55.6% 28.4% 17.4% 17.5%

44.4% 42.5% 40.2% 52.4% 33.3% 42.4% 34.0% 34.8%

4.5% 6.9% 4.8% 9.8% 4.4% 5.1% 5.7% 5.3%

20.9% 17.5% 17.2% 9.8% 4.4% 18.6% 29.7% 30.0%

5.2% 4.1% 6.6% 2.4% 2.2% 5.5% 13.2% 12.4%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%


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3.5.3. Post Secondary Field of StudyThe most common Field of Study is Architecture, engineering and related technologies representing over one-third of the total workforce with Post Secondary education living in the Tri-Municipal Region. This is significantly higher than the Edmonton CMA and province figure of 26%. There is also a higher share of the Agriculture, natural resources and conservation in the Tri-Municipal Region workforce than the Edmonton CMA.

The proportion of the Tri-Municipal workforce share of post secondary field of study is lower for most other categories. Notably, Humanities and Social and behavioural sciences and law are both below the average for the Edmonton CMA and province as is Physical and life sciences and technologies. This reflects the lower proportion of workers with a Bachelor’s degree or above.

Post Secondary Field of Study (2016)

Field of Study SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

Education

Visual and performing arts, and communications technologies

Humanities

Social and behavioural sciences and law

Business, management and public administration

Physical and life sciences and technologies

Mathematics, computer and information sciences

Architecture, engineering, and related technologies

Agriculture, natural resources and conservation

Health and related fields

Personal, protective and transportation services

Other fields of study

8.0% 8.1% 5.4% 4.8% 4.3% 6.9% 7.1% 6.9%

2.2% 2.6% 2.1% 2.4% 0.0% 2.2% 2.9% 2.8%

2.8% 2.2% 2.5% 2.4% 4.3% 2.5% 4.0% 3.9%

7.3% 6.5% 5.8% 9.6% 10.6% 6.6% 9.1% 9.0%

19.2% 18.1% 17.3% 31.3% 14.9% 18.4% 19.9% 20.4%

1.7% 1.8% 2.7% 0.0% 0.0% 2.1% 4.4% 4.1%

2.0% 1.8% 1.9% 0.0% 4.3% 1.9% 3.6% 3.4%

31.1% 33.1% 37.4% 21.7% 34.0% 33.9% 26.3% 26.2%

2.0% 1.7% 3.4% 2.4% 0.0% 2.5% 1.8% 2.5%

17.0% 16.1% 15.3% 13.3% 8.5% 16.1% 15.9% 15.3%

6.8% 7.9% 6.2% 12.0% 19.1% 6.9% 5.1% 5.4%

0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%


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3.5.4. Skill LevelsSkill levels have been developed jointly by Statistics Canada and Human Resources and Skills Development Canada for each detailed occupation. Skill levels consider the amount and type of education and training required to enter and perform the duties of each occupation. As well, determining skill level considers the experience required to be qualified to undertake the complexity and responsibilities typical of the occupation.

The breakdown of the skill levels of the Tri-Municipal Region workforce is similar to that of the Edmonton CMA. The Tri-Municipal Region workforce has a somewhat lower proportion of workers at Skill Level A (requiring a university degree) and a slightly higher proportion of workers at Skill Level B (requiring 2 to 3 years of post-secondary education). This is consistent with post secondary education breakdown, where there were proportionally fewer workers with a Bachelor’s degree or above than with apprenticeship or trades and college certificates or diplomas.

Skill Levels (2016)26

Skill Level SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

Management

Skill Level A

Skill Level B

Skill Level C

Skill Level D

11.3% 11.4% 12.4% 11.8% 11.1%

15.9% 14.8% 15.5% 15.6% 18.6%

35.3% 36.2% 36.6% 36.0% 33.8%

26.9% 27.1% 26.1% 26.6% 26.5%

10.5% 10.4% 9.4% 10.1% 10.1%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

Notes:

Management: This skill type category contains legislators, senior management occupations and middle management occupations. While management occupations are defined as a skill type, they are also found throughout all other skill type areas of the classification.

Skill Level A: Requires a university degree (bachelor’s, master’s or doctorate).

Skill Level B: Requires two to three years of post-secondary education at community college, institute of technology or CÉGEP or two to five years of apprenticeship training or three to four years of secondary school and more than two years of on-the-job training, occupation-specific training courses or specific work experience. Occupations with supervisory responsibilities are also assigned to skill level B. Occupations with significant health and safety responsibilities (e.g., fire fighters, police officers and licensed practical nurses) are assigned to skill level B.

Skill Level C: Requires completion of secondary school and some short-duration courses or training specific to the occupation or some secondary school education, with up to two years of on-the-job training, training courses or specific work experience.

Skill Level D: No formal educational requirements. Involves short work demonstration or on-the-job training.


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26 Skill levels data estimated by Applications Management Consulting Ltd. First Nations’ data and Alberta data is not available.

3.5.5. Work to Home by Municipality OverviewAlmost half of the workers who live in the Tri-Municipal Region (48%) also work in the Region. This result demonstrates how the larger Tri-Municipal Region is more self-sufficent as an ‘entity’ than each of the municipalities and First Nations’ that comprise it.27 Most of the rest of the Tri-Municipal Region workforce commutes to the City of Edmonton for work (40%). The rest of the local workforce (12%) commutes primarily to other neighbouring municipalities in the Edmonton Metropolitan Region.

When considering where the workforce employed in the Tri-Municipal Region live, the proportion that live and work in the Tri-Municipal Region is 63% of all jobs in the Region. The City of Edmonton is residential home to only 25% of the workers employed in the Tri-Municipal Region.

The Tri-Municipal Region has a relatively self-sufficient labour market, despite the interconnectedness of the Edmonton Metropolitan Region and the potential for a high labour mobility commuting in and out. The Tri-Municipal Region has been successful at filling local jobs with workers who live in the Region, while also being able to attract workers living in the larger Edmonton Metropolitan Region to work in the Tri-Municipal Region.

Tri-Municipal Work to Home (2016)

Where Tri-Municipal residents go to work.

Where Residents Work

St. Albert610

Edmonton6,050

Lac Ste. Anne555

Other1,605

Tri-Municipal Region15,105

Leduc County710

Edmonton12,600

St. Albert550

Other2,530

Tri-Municipal Region15,105

Tri-Municipal

Where Tri-Municipal workers live Where Tri-Municipal residents work

Workers Living In...Where people who work in Tri-

Municipal Region live.


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27 When looking at the work-to-home destinations of individual municipalities in the Tri-Municipal Region, Edmonton is the most popular destination in each community.

3.5.6. Work to Home by MunicipalityThe Tri-Municipal Region workforce filling local jobs represents 48% of the total workforce at over 15,100 jobs. Edmonton represents the second largest location of work for the Tri-Municipal Region workforce at 12,600 jobs. When the Tri-Municipal Region is broken down by municipality, Spruce Grove is the most popular work location (6,665 jobs), followed by Parkland County (3,955 jobs) then Stony Plain (3,890 jobs). The Tri-Municipal Region has been successful in providing jobs for nearly half of its employed residents.

Where Tri-Municipal Region Residents Work (2016)

Live in Tri-Municipal---> Work in ____ SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M

Tri-Municipal Region

Edmonton

Spruce Grove

Parkland County

Stony Plain

Leduc County

St. Albert

Enoch FN

Strathcona County

Wood Buffalo

Drayton Valley

Sturgeon County

Devon

Leduc

Onoway

Redwater

Other

6,455 3,555 4,530 405 160 15,105

5,790 2,010 4,690 90 20 12,600

4,130 1,030 1,505 6,665

1,280 785 1,845 45 3,955

995 1,740 1,155 3,890

280 115 315 710

255 115 180 550

50 25 405 480

210 100 170 480

225 85 145 455

20 300 320

100 45 100 245

40 120 160

60 80 140

50 30 50 130

50 30 40 120

130 20 310 0 135 595

Total 13,665 6,105 11,030 495 200 31,495


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The proportion of the Tri-Municipal Region jobs filled by workers from the Region represents 63% of the available jobs (15,105 jobs of the 23,925 jobs in the Tri-Municipal Region). Individually, by municipality, Spruce Grove is the largest single home to workers in the Tri-Municipal Region (6,455 jobs), followed by Edmonton (6,050 jobs), Parkland County (4,530 jobs) and Stony Plain (3,555 jobs). The Tri-Municipal Region has also been able to attract workers living in the larger Edmonton CMA to work in the Tri-Municipal Region.

Where Tri-Municipal Workers Live (2016)

Work in Tri-Municipal---> Live in ____ SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M

Tri-Municipal Region

Spruce Grove

Edmonton

Parkland County

Stony Plain

St. Albert

Lac Ste. Anne County

Enoch FN

Sturgeon County

Strathcona County

Devon

Paul FN

Spring Lake

Yellowhead County

Wabamun

Leduc

Other

6,665 3,890 3,955 480 115 15,105

4,130 995 1,280 50 6,455

1,310 670 3,410 660 6,050

1,505 1,155 1,845 25 4,530

1,030 1,740 785 3,555

185 85 340 610

110 195 250 555

405 405

85 40 140 265

35 40 170 245

20 20 115 30 185

45 115 160

40 65 45 150

125 125

20 35 55 110

20 80 100

70 20 335 0 0 425

Total 8,540 5,080 9,020 1,170 115 23,925


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3.5.7. Work to Home TransportationMode of Commuting on work to home trips for the Tri-Municipal Region workforce is dominated by motor vehicle (as a driver) with 89% of all work to home trips, as compared to 78% of trips for workers living in the Edmonton CMA and province. Correspondingly, the proportion of work to home trips by the Tri-Municipal Region workforce by public transit and walking are both lower. This is partially due to the geographical size of and limited transit opportunities within the Region.

Work to Home Mode of Commuting (2016)

Mode of Transportation SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M

Edm CMA

Alta

Car, truck, van - as a driver

Car, truck, van - as a passenger

Public transit

Walked

Bicycle

Other method

87.8% 87.3% 92.1% 76.3% 81.7% 89.0% 77.5% 77.7%

5.1% 5.1% 3.9% 15.3% 10.0% 4.9% 5.1% 5.2%

2.1% 1.3% 1.2% 1.7% 5.0% 1.6% 11.3% 10.1%

2.7% 3.6% 1.2% 5.1% 3.3% 2.4% 3.7% 4.5%

0.4% 0.5% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.3% 1.0% 1.1%

1.9% 2.1% 1.7% 1.7% 0.0% 1.9% 1.5% 1.5%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%

A greater proportion of Tri-Municipal Region workers have a short (less than 15 minutes and 15 to 29 minutes) commute as compared to Edmonton CMA and province workers. This is largely a result of commute times being shorter in smaller communities. Almost half of Tri-Municipal Region residents work in the Region.

Work to Home Commuting Duration (2016)

Comuting Duration SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M

Edm CMA

Alta

Less than 15 minutes

15 to 29 minutes

30 to 44 minutes

45 to 59 minutes

60 minutes and over

30.2% 31.2% 14.4% 70.6% 35.6% 25.4% 21.1% 26.9%

28.9% 24.1% 34.2% 16.0% 30.5% 29.7% 39.5% 36.7%

23.6% 23.8% 27.8% 6.7% 16.9% 24.8% 25.1% 21.9%

10.8% 12.3% 13.5% 3.4% 6.8% 11.9% 8.3% 7.7%

6.6% 8.7% 10.0% 3.4% 10.2% 8.2% 6.1% 6.8%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%


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A somewhat higher proportion of Tri-Municipal workers had longer commute times (45 to 59 minutes and 60 minutes and over) than did Edmonton CMA and province workers (20% versus 14% for Edmonton CMA and 15% for province workers). Over half of Tri-Municipal residents commute to neighbouring municipalities for work, with 40% commuting to the City of Edmonton.

3.5.8. Local Labour Market GapThe Tri-Municipal Region has a Labour Market Gap measured as the difference between the number of workers in the local labour force compared to the local jobs. The Labour Market Gap is defined as the difference between the number of jobs (by industry) in the region as compared to the number of workers in the region employed in that industry. Overall this gap is estimated to be more than 16,000 jobs in 2016. This represents 52% of the local jobs market.

Where the labour market gap shows that the local workforce does not have enough jobs in an industry to employ the local workforce indicates there is an opportunity to grow these industries in the Tri-Municipal Region. The industries with the largest absolute gap are: Construction; Wholesale trade; and Retail trade.

There are two industry sectors where the Tri-Municipal Region has more jobs than local workers: Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction; and Utilities. These are the only two sectors where the Tri-Municipal Region has, on a net basis, an inflow of workers. These sectors largely encompass the power generation plants and associated suface mining activites in Parkland County. With the evolution of the power generating sector away from coal, it is likely that this local employment base will go down in future years.

In a metropolitan regional context where labour resources are highly mobile, it is not surprising to find local labour market gaps.


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Tri-Municipal Region Labour Market Gap (2016)28

Industry Jobs Workers Gap %



22 Utilities

23 Construction

31-33 Manufacturing

41 Wholesale trade

44-45 Retail trade














731 1,005 -274 -37%

3,392 2,290 1,102 32%

1,491 910 581 39%

4,919 7,770 -2,851 -58%

1,109 2,465 -1,356 -122%

746 2,470 -1,724 -231%

2,702 5,230 -2,528 -94%

1,238 2,635 -1,397 -113%

407 435 -28 -7%

927 1,270 -343 -37%

516 890 -374 -72%

2,105 2,595 -490 -23%

15 90 -75 -500%

840 1,555 -715 -85%

1,897 2,485 -588 -31%

2,951 4,210 -1,259 -43%

580 950 -370 -64%

1,468 2,595 -1,127 -77%

1,242 2,570 -1,328 -107%

1,600 2,645 -1,045 -65%

Total 30,876 47,065 -16,189 -52%


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28 Jobs in the Tri-Municipal Region by industry (2 digit NAICS) is based on work completed by Applications Management Consulting Ltd. and includes Enoch and Paul First Nations data.

3.5.9. Underemployed Labour ResourcesAn evaluation of the underemployed segments of the labour force in the Tri-Municipal Region reveals there are likely upwards of 1,000 workers who are not actively in the workforce and may need some supports to effectively engage in the workforce.

Aboriginal: Indigenous people living off-reserve have significantly higher rates of unemployment than the general workforce in Alberta. It is estimated this segment of underemployed labour resources in the Tri-Municipal Region is approximately 340 persons.Youth: Young adults (age 15-24 years) in the workforce also have significantly higher unemployment rates than the average for Alberta men and women, 14.2% and 11.8% respectively. It is estimated this segment of underemployed labour resources in the Tri-Municipal Region is approximately 535 persons.Mature: Mature workers (age 55-64) had higher unemployment rates, averaging 0.5% higher than the average for the workforce as a whole. It is estimated this segment of underemployed labour resources in the Tri-Municipal Region is approximately 100 persons.New Immigrants:29 The unemployment rate for new immigrants was significantly higher than the average for the general workforce in Alberta, almost 5.0% higher than the provincial average.30 It is estimated this segment of underemployed labour resources in the Tri-Municipal Region is approximately 30 persons.

The breakdown of underemployed workforce resources in Tri-Municipal Region is provided below.

Underemployed Labour Resources in the Tri-Municipal Region (2016)31

Category SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

Aboriginal

Youth

Mature

New Immigrants

138 62 137 337

204 102 229 535

30 18 48 96

17 9 3 29

Total 389 191 417 997


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29 New immigrants are defined as those who have been in Canada for 5 years or less.

30 Immigrants who have been in Canada for more than 5 years tend to have average or below average rates of unemployment when compared to the general workforce.

31 More information is available at: https://work.alberta.ca/labour/labour-force-profiles.html. First Nations’ data, Edmonton CMA data and Alberta data is not available.

https://work.alberta.ca/labour/labour-force-profiles.html

https://work.alberta.ca/labour/labour-force-profiles.html

There are many possible reasons why these groups have higher than average rates of unemployment. A significant factor for indigenous groups and youth are typically lower levels of education and/or experience. With mature workers and new immigrants, the relevancy of their work experience is sometimes questionable in the eyes of potential employers. Underlying socio-economic factors as well as employer discrimination can also contribute to these results.

3.5.10. Key Findings: Labour SupplyThe level of post secondary attainment is somewhat lower in the Tri-Municipal Region than the Edmonton CMA and province, particularly for the First Nations’ popuations. There is potential opportunities to offer additional education and training in order to increase the level of education attainment and decrease unemployment among underemployed groups in the Tri-Municipal Region.

Post secondary attainment in the Tri-Municipal Region is generally concentrated in apprenticeship or trades and college certificates or diplomas. Similarly, the workforce skill level is concentrated in Skill Level B (requiring 2 to 3 years of post-secondary education).

Even with the potential for a high degree of labour mobility in the Edmonton Metropolitan Region, the Tri-Municipal Region’s workforce is highly employed within the Tri-Municipal Region.

Work to home travel in the Tri-Municipal Region is dominated by auto trips. As the Region grows there will be an increasing need to provide transit to allow workers alternatives to auto trips.

The labour market gap between the size of the local workforce and available jobs in the Tri-Municipal Region creates an opportunity for the local workforce to help grow these industries in the Region.


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3.6. Income & AffordabilityThe available supply of workers in the local economy depends on a number of variables, including income and cost of living factors.

3.6.1. Median Household Income32

The Median Household Income of workers in the Tri-Municipal Region is higher than that of the Edmonton CMA and province (over $110,000 versus less than $95,000). Both Spruce Grove and Parkland County have higher Median Household Income than the Edmonton CMA and the province. Stony Plain’s Median Household Income is roughly comparable to the Edmonton CMA and province. The Median Household Incomes in Enoch and Paul First Nations were signiciantly lower than the rest of the Tri-Municipal Region.

Median Household Total Income (2015)33

Spruce Grove

Stony Plain

Parkland County

Enoch FN

Paul FN

Tri-Municipal

Edmonton CMA

Alberta

$0 $20,000 $40,000 $60,000 $80,000 $100,000 $120,000$93,935

$94,447

$110,549

$41,771

$68,288

$115,005

$94,248

$107,878

Median Household Total Income ($)


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32 The median income of a specified group is the amount that divides the income distribution of that group into two halves, i.e., the incomes of half of the units in that group are below the median, while those of the other half are above the median. Median incomes of households are calculated for all units, whether or not they had income.

33 For the 2016 Federal Census, the reference year for all income data is the previous calendar year 2015.

3.6.2. Household Income Distribution34

Total income refers to receipts from certain sources of all household members, before income taxes and deductions, during a specified reference period.

The Median Household Total Income data above indicates Parkland County households earned more than the median household in Spruce Grove and Stony Plain. This is evidenced by the greater proportion of Parkland County families in the highested income band categories. Spruce Grove also tends to have a higher proportion of families in the greater than $100,000 income band. Stony Plain on the other hand has a slightly higher proportion of families in the lower income bands. This can partially be attributed to the larger proportion of Couple Families in Parkland County and Spruce Grove, which have a higher likelihood of having two income earners as compared to Stony Plain where there is a higher proportion of Individuals Not In Families.

Tri-Municipal Region Household Income Distribution by Income Band (2015)35

Spruce Grove Stony Plain Parkland County Tri-Municipal

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 60 70 80 90 100 125 150 200

Hou

seho

ld In

com

e D

istri

butio

n (%

)

Income (000’s)


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34 Total income includes: employment income from wages, salaries, tips, commissions and net income from self-employment (for both unincorporated farm and non-farm activities); income from investment sources, such as dividends and interest on bonds, accounts, guaranteed investment certificates (GICs) and mutual funds; income from employer and personal pension sources, such as private pensions and payments from annuities and registered retirement income funds (RRIFs); other regular cash income, such as child support payments received, spousal support payments (alimony) received and scholarships; income from government sources, such as social assistance, child benefits, Employment Insurance benefits, Old Age Security benefits, Canada Pension Plan and Québec Pension Plan benefits and disability income.

35 For the 2016 Federal Census, the reference year for all income data is the previous calendar year 2015. Tri-Municipal Region Total includes Enoch and Paul First Nation data.

3.6.3. Income by Family CompositionThe distribution of household income varies significantly depending on family composition. Particularly whether the household has one or two income earners as well as the number of dependents in the household.

Generally, Median Total Incomes are higher in the Tri-Municipal Region than the Edmonton CMA and province. This is most pronounced for Couple Families With Children and Individuals Not In Families. Incomes of Tri-Municipal Region Couple Only Families and Individuals Not In Families are similar to those in the Edmonton CMA but higher than provincial figures.

Median Total Income by Family Composition (2015)36

Family Type SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

Couple Family With Children

Couple Only Families

Lone Parent Families

Individuals Not In Families

140,623 143,045 158,790 98,816 64,128 146,474 135,226 133,186

107,205 96,683 106,971 91,648 N/A 104,717 104,291 101,283

67,584 61,760 71,424 52,864 39,744 65,366 65,372 62,909

50,321 42,825 44,134 37,248 12,160 46,183 43,174 42,598

It is noted there is significant variation in family incomes within the Tri-Municipal Region. Within each family type, incomes vary significantly across municipalities. This variation may be partially explained by differences in population demographics. Parkland County has a higher proportion of mature workers aged 50-59 established in their careers, while Spruce Grove has a higher proportion of workers aged 25-34 who generally are at the start of their careers. Stony Plain has a higher proportion of people not in the workforce, such as older retired adults aged 75+ without employment income.

Incomes are notably lower in Enoch and Paul First Nations’ in all categories. This is consistent with the variation in employment rates noted earlier in this report.


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36 For the 2016 Federal Census, the reference year for all income data is the previous calendar year 2015.

3.6.4. Economic Family Income DistributionPresented below is the position of families in the Tri-Municipal Region based on their relative position to the national distribution of family income. The percentage of Tri-Municipal families is presented for each decile ranked by after tax family income.

Generally the Tri-Municipal Region has a greater proportion of families with incomes in the top half of the population (67%) as compared to the Edmonton CMA (63%) and province (62%). Parkland County has the highest proportion in the top half (71%) followed by Spruce Grove and Stony Plain. Enoch and Paul First Nations’ both have a greater proportion of families in the bottom half of the income distribution.

Among Tri-Municipal Region municipalities, Parkland County and Spruce Grove have the highest proportion of their populations employed and the highest proportion of people in the top half of the income distribution. Conversely, Stony Plain has the highest proportion of its population not in the labour force and the highest proportion of people in the bottom half of the distribution.

Family Income After Tax by Decile (2015)37

Decile (10 highest - 1 lowest) SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M Edm CMA

AB

10

9

8

7

6

In the top half of the distribution

In the bottom half of the distribution

5

4

3

2

1

16.3% 15.3% 25.2% 9.8% 0.0% 19.0% 17.3% 18.1%

16.3% 16.0% 16.1% 6.2% 2.2% 15.7% 14.1% 13.1%

13.7% 12.5% 12.3% 6.5% 3.1% 12.6% 11.8% 11.2%

12.1% 10.6% 9.5% 8.9% 4.7% 10.6% 10.4% 10.0%

9.9% 10.8% 8.2% 10.7% 6.3% 9.4% 9.4% 9.2%

68.2% 65.2% 71.3% 41.7% 16.4% 67.3% 62.9% 61.6%

31.8% 34.8% 28.6% 58.3% 83.6% 32.7% 37.1% 38.4%

9.3% 8.4% 7.6% 10.4% 8.5% 8.5% 8.6% 8.6%

7.3% 7.9% 6.3% 8.0% 11.6% 7.2% 7.7% 7.9%

6.0% 7.1% 5.6% 8.0% 7.2% 6.1% 7.1% 7.5%

4.8% 6.4% 4.1% 11.2% 19.2% 5.2% 6.6% 7.0%

4.4% 5.1% 5.1% 20.7% 37.1% 5.7% 7.2% 7.4%

Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%


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37 For the 2016 Federal Census, the reference year for all income data is the previous calendar year 2015. Adjusted after-tax income of economic families for all persons in private households.

3.6.5. Housing AffordabilityHousing Affordability is measured on the basis of ‘shelter-cost-to-income’ ratio. Where shelter costs are high relative to income (i.e. in excess of 30%) housing is considered to be ‘unaffordable’.

The proportion of families spending more than 30% of their income on housing is lower in the Tri-Municipal Region (17.5%) than in the Edmonton CMA (21.9%) and province (20.9%). Of Tri-Municipal Region municipalities, Spruce Grove has the highest proportion of families in this position, at 19.0%. This can be partially attributed to having the highest Median Monthly Shelter Costs in the Tri-Municipal Region. Parkland County has the smallest proportion of families in this position, at 14.8%. This is in part because Parkland County has the highest Median Total Income in theTri-Municipal Region. It is noted the average for the Tri-Municipal Region does not include the First Nations’ families as this data is not available.

Housing Affordability - Proportion of Families Spending More Than 30% of Income on Housing (2016)38

Spruce Grove

Stony Plain

Parkland County

Enoch FN

Paul FN

Tri-Municipal

Edmonton CMA

Alberta

0% 4% 7% 11% 15% 18% 22%20.9%

21.9%

17.5%

14.8%

18.9%

19.0%

% of Families Spending More Than 30% of Income on Housing


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38 For the 2016 Federal Census, the reference period for shelter cost data is 2016, while household total income is reported for the previous calendar year 2015. First Nations’ data is not available.

3.6.6. Housing TenureHousing Tenure refers to whether the household owns or rents their private dwelling.39 In 2016 the majority of Tri-Municipal families (82%) owned their dwelling unit, with 18% renting. There is no Band Housing in the three municipalities.

The Tri-Municipal Region has a signficantly higher proportion of home ownership (82%) than the Edmonton CMA (70%) and province (72%). This is especially true for Parkland County where home ownership represents almost 92% of households. The higher proportion of home owners and low proportion of renters could reflect a lack of diversity in the housing mix in the Tri-Municipal Region, or the high cost of renting compared to the Edmonton CMA and province. First Nations’ home ownership data is not available and therefore not included in the Tri-Municipal Region figure.

Percent of Households by Housing Tenure (2016)40

Housing Tenure SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

Owned

Rented

Band Housing

76.9% 75.4% 91.8% 82.0% 69.6% 72.4%

23.1% 24.6% 8.2% 18.0% 30.4% 27.6%

0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%

Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%


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39 A household is considered to own their dwelling if some member of the household owns the dwelling even if it is not fully paid for, for example if there is a mortgage or some other claim on it. A household is considered to rent their dwelling if no member of the household owns the dwelling. A household is considered to rent that dwelling even if the dwelling is provided without cash rent or at a reduced rent, or if the dwelling is part of a cooperative.

40 First Nations’ data is not available.

3.6.7. Monthly Shelter CostsShelter cost refers to the average monthly total of all shelter expenses paid by households that own or rent their dwelling. In 2016 Spruce Grove households paid the highest median monthly shelter costs in the Tri-Municipal Region at over $1,720 per month if they owned their dwelling unit, and renters paid almost $1,400 per month. Parkland County had the lowest monthly shelter costs for owners, with owners paying less than renters. Stony Plain had the lowest monthly shelter costs for renters.

The Median Monthly Shelter Costs in the Tri-Municipal Region are roughly comparable to the Edmonton CMA and provincial averages. While the cost of ownership in the Tri-Municipal Region is between the Edmonton CMA and provincial averages, it is somewhat more expensive to rent in the Tri-Municipal Region. First Nations’ shelter costs are not available and therefore not included in the Tri-Municipal Region figure.

Median Monthly Shelter Costs by Housing Tenure (2016)41

Housing Tenure SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

Owned

Rented

1,723 1,469 1,299 1,498 1,536 1,481

1,399 1,301 1,340 1,360 1,255 1,243


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41 First Nations’ data is not available.

3.6.8. Low Income Measure After TaxThe Low Income Measure, after tax (LIM-AT), refers to a fixed percentage (50%) of median-adjusted after-tax income of private households. Adjustment for household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase as the number of members increases.42

The proportion of families determined to be low income is significantly lower in the Tri-Municipal Region (6.5%) than for the Edmonton CMA (9.3%) and province (9.3%). Spruce Grove has the lowest incidence of low income in the Tri-Municipal Region at 5.7% of all families. The higher incidence of low income in Stony Plain is reflective of the higher proportion of people in the lower income bands. First Nations’ prevalence of low income is not available and therefore not included in the Tri-Municipal Region figure.

Prevalence of Low Income Based on the LIM-AT (2015)43

Spruce Grove

Stony Plain

Parkland County

Enoch FN

Paul FN

Tri-Municipal

Edmonton CMA

Alberta

0% 2% 3% 5% 7% 8% 10%9.3%

9.3%

6.5%

6.7%

7.6%

5.7%

Low Income Families (%)


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42 For example, a household of five has greater needs than a household of two. This adjustment for different household sizes reflects the fact that a household's needs increase, but at a decreasing rate, as the number of members increases.

43 For the 2016 Federal Census, the reference year for all income data is the previous calendar year 2015. First Nations’ data is not available.

3.6.9. Child CareThe availability of a large segment of the workforce depends on the availability of affordable quality child care. Licensed child care spaces as approved by the Province represent one, albiet important, segment of formal child care.

The Tri-Municipal Region has 1,780 licensed child care spaces. This results in an average of 8.5 children aged 0-12 per licensed space. This rate is significantly higher than that for the Edmonton CMA which is 5.3 children aged 0-12 per licensed space.44

Spruce Grove has a favourable child/space ratio compared to the Edmonton CMA, however the rate is higher in Stony Plain and the number of licensed child care spaces in Parkland County is small, contributing to a higher Tri-Municipal Region average.

Children Aged 0-12 Per Licensed Child Care Spaces (2016)45

Category SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-MEdm CMA

Alta

Licensed Child Care Spaces

Children Age 0-12 per Lic Child Care Space

1,351 389 40 1,780 40,116

5.0 7.5 125.5 8.5 5.3

3.6.10. Key Findings: Income & AffordabilityWhile the median household total income for the Tri-Municipal Region was higher than the Edmonton CMA and province, the incomes in the First Nations’ were significantly lower.

There is significant income disparity among municipalities and First Nations’ in the Tri-Municipal Region within family groups. The most notable finding is the proporiton of First Nations’ families with incomes in the lowest deciles.

A much higher proportion of the Tri-Municipal Region own their dwelling compared to the Edmonton CMA and province. Meanwhile, monthly shelter costs for renters are higher in the Tri-Municipal Region.

The incidence of low income and housing affordability are generally less important in the Tri-Municipal Region than the Edmonton CMA and province as a whole.


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44 Licensed child care spaces include those in the following programs: Daycare Program, Family Day Home Program, Out of School Care and Pre-School Program. More information is available at: https://open.alberta.ca/opendata/childcareinformation. First Nations’ data and Alberta data is not available.

45 A lower number of children per licensed space is better as it indicates a greater availability of formal child care.

https://open.alberta.ca/opendata/childcareinformation

https://open.alberta.ca/opendata/childcareinformation

The availability of licensed child care spaces in the Tri-Municipal Region is on average lower than that for the Edmonton CMA. This may result in lower than average participation in the workforce of families with children needing formal child care.


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3.7. Employers in Tri-Municipal RegionThe table on the follow page provides an estimate of the proportion of businesses operating in each municipality by major industry group.

There is a greater proportion of businesses in Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting in the Tri-Municipal Region as compared to the City of Edmonton, largely due to the farming activity in Parkland County. However, it is noted there are a greater proportion of businesses in this category in both Spruce Grove and Stony Plain than on average for the Edmonton CMA.The Tri-Municipal Region has almost two times the proportion of Construction businesses than does the City of Edmonton (25.1% versus 12.9%). This is consistent with the higher proportion of the Region workforce in trades and construction related industries and occupations.There is a lower proportion of Health care and social assistance businesses in the Tri-Municipal Region as compared to the City of Edmonton (4.5% versus 11.8%). The Tri-Municipal Region also has a lower proportion of businesses in Accommodation and food services and Retail trade as compared to the City of Edmonton. This is reflective of a greater concentration of these businesses closer to the core of the Edmonton Metropolitan Region and the high degree of labour mobility.

Data for Paul First Nation and the province is not currently available.

3.7.1. Key Findings: EmployersWhile there are many similarities in the proportion of businesses in the Tri-Municipal Region as compared to the City of Edmonton, there are some notable differences. It is expected that there are opportunities for the Tri-Municipal Region to grow into some of the industries in which it currently is under represented.


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Proportion of Business Entities by Industry (2016)46

Industry SG SP PC Enoch Paul Tri-M Edm AB



22 Utilities

23 Construction

31-33 Manufacturing

41 Wholesale trade

44-45 Retail trade














0.9% 0.7% 5.0% 0.0% 2.5% 0.2%

2.2% 0.9% 3.1% 0.0% 2.2% 0.7%

0.2% 0.1% 0.5% 0.0% 0.3% 0.0%

23.9% 25.8% 26.0% 11.8% 25.1% 12.9%

3.1% 2.4% 4.8% 0.0% 3.6% 3.9%

2.8% 3.3% 4.2% 0.0% 3.5% 5.3%

12.1% 8.6% 5.2% 5.9% 8.6% 10.9%

6.1% 6.3% 10.1% 0.0% 7.7% 6.0%

0.5% 0.9% 0.3% 0.0% 0.5% 0.8%

2.4% 3.3% 0.9% 17.6% 2.1% 3.1%

3.9% 4.4% 4.4% 5.9% 4.2% 4.7%

12.6% 13.6% 11.7% 0.0% 12.4% 14.4%

0.2% 0.6% 0.7% 5.9% 0.5% 0.8%

4.1% 4.7% 5.3% 17.6% 4.8% 4.8%

0.9% 0.7% 0.8% 0.0% 0.8% 1.1%

4.8% 5.6% 3.6% 5.9% 4.5% 11.8%

1.2% 1.6% 1.5% 11.8% 1.4% 1.0%

6.3% 4.2% 2.3% 11.8% 4.3% 7.0%

11.8% 12.1% 9.3% 0.0% 10.8% 9.9%

0.1% 0.1% 0.3% 5.9% 0.2% 0.8%

Total 100% 100% 100% 100% N/A 100% 100% N/A


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46 More information is available under Business Activity at: https://regionaldashboard.alberta.ca/#/. First Nations’ data and Alberta data is not available. Figures for Edm include the City of Edmonton only. Paul First Nation data and Alberta data is not available.

https://regionaldashboard.alberta.ca/#/

https://regionaldashboard.alberta.ca/#/

4. ConclusionsDuring the period of analysis from 2001 to 2016, the Tri-Municipal Region has experienced significant population growth, at rates outpacing the Edmonton CMA as a whole. Spruce Grove’s population in particular grew at more than twice the rate of the Edmonton CMA. While Parkland County experienced slower growth than the Edmonton CMA, its population growth has been steady.

Within the Tri-Municipal Region, there are some population trends that are important in relation to the workforce. There is a lower porportion of the population in the 20-34 year age cohorts. This latter variation results in the Tri-Municipal Region having a smaller young working age population than the Edmonton CMA and province. The deficit in the 20-34 age cohorts is partially made up with the higher proportion of the population aged 45-64, indicative of the importance of mature workers in the Tri-Municipal Region. There is also a larger proportion of the population in the 0-14 year age cohorts, representing growth in young families in the Tri-Municipal Region. The slightly higher proportion of Couple Families With Children and Lone Parent Families in the Tri-Municipal Region than the Edmonton CMA as a whole creates the potential need for more child care to allow more members of the family the opportunity to work.

The Tri-Municipal Region has also experienced significant employment growth, at rates faster than the Edmonton CMA as a whole. While Spruce Grove’s employment rate was twice that of the Edmonton CMA over the period of analysis, Parkland County experienced slower employment growth than the Edmonton CMA from 2001 to 2016 and overall decrease in employment between 2011 and 2016.

The historic employment trends in the Tri-Municipal Region over the period from 2001 to 2016 indicate a strong local workforce with opportunities for expansion. The workforce in each of the municipalities in the Tri-Municipal Region were more typically engaged in Full-Time Employment than the Edmonton CMA and province. While the Tri-Municipal Region’s unemployment rate was higher than the Edmonton CMA and province in 2016, historically it has tracked below both for most of the period of analysis. The historic Labour Force Participation Rates in Tri-Municipal Region First Nations’ are lower and more volatile than that for the rest of the Region. As a result there is an untapped pool of underemployed First Nations’ on-reserve workers available to local employers in the Tri-Municipal Region.

There are a few notable industries that dominate employment of the workforce residing in the Tri-Municipal Region. The top three industries by 2-digit NAICS industry classification that employ the greatest proportion of workers are the same in each municipality in the Region: Construction, Retail trade, and Health care and social assistance. Public administration is the top industry in both of the First Nations’ in the Region. The Tri-Municipal Region has a higher proportion of its local workforce employed in the Construction industry than the Edmonton CMA and province. The Tri-Municipal Region also has a higher proportion employed in the Agriculture, forestry, fishing and hunting industry.


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Occupational trends in the Tri-Municipal Region reflect industry findings. The top three major occupation groups by 1-digit NOC classification are the same in each municipality in the Region: Trades, transport and equipment operators; Sales and service; and Business, finance and administration. There is a higher proportion of the Tri-Municipal Region workforce employed as Trades, transport and equipment operators than the Edmonton CMA and province. Retail salespersons (NOC 6421) is the top occupation in all three Tri-Municipal Region municipalities and there are five construction and trades occupations that are in the top 20 occupations in all three municipalities. The Tri-Municipal Region also has a notable proportion of its local workforce employed as Managers in agriculture (NOC 0821).

Trends in the Tri-Municipal Region labour supply point to opportunities to support the local workforce in terms of education attainment and skill levels. The level of post secondary attainment is somewhat lower in the Tri-Municipal Region than the Edmonton CMA and province, particularly for the First Nations’ popuations. There is potential opportunities to offer additional education and training in order to increase the level of education attainment and decrease unemployment among underemployed groups in the Tri-Municipal Region. Post secondary attainment in the Tri-Municipal Region is generally concentrated in apprenticeship or trades and college certificates or diplomas. Similarly, the workforce skill level is concentrated in Skill Level B (requiring 2 to 3 years of post-secondary education). The post secondary education and skill level findings are not surprising, given that the Construction industry comprises the highest proportion of the workforce in the Tri-Municipal Region.

The work to home commuting flows in the Tri-Municipal Region indicate that the Region has a relatively self-sufficient labour supply. Even with the potential for a high degree of labour mobility in the Edmonton Metropolitan Region, the Tri-Municipal Region’s workforce is highly employed within the Tri-Municipal Region. Almost half of the workers who live in the Tri-Municipal Region (48%) also work in the Region. The proportion of the Tri-Municipal Region jobs filled by workers from the Region represents almost two-thirds (63%) of the available jobs. Expansion of the Tri-Municipal Region’s employment opportunities would help retain an even greater proportion of the workforce within the Region, as well as attract workers living in the larger Edmonton CMA to work in the Tri-Municipal Region. Work to home travel in the Tri-Municipal Region is dominated by auto trips. As the Tri-Municipal Region grows there will be an increasing need to provide transit to allow workers alternatives to auto trips.

The labour market gap between the size of the local workforce and available jobs in the Tri-Municipal Region creates an opportunity for the local workforce to help grow certain industries in the Region. The industries with the largest absolute gap, where the local workforce does not have enough jobs in an industry to employ the local workforce, are Construction, Wholesale trade, and Retail trade. There are only two sectors where the Tri-Municipal Region has, on a net basis, an inflow of workers because there are more jobs in an industry than local workers: Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction and Utilities.


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There are some segments of the Tri-Municipal Region workforce that are underemployed, such as Aboriginals, youth, mature workers and new immigrants. As a result, there exists an opportunity to expand the supply of skilled workers available to local employers.

The available supply of workers in the Tri-Municipal Region also depends on a number of variables, including income and cost of living factors. Overall, the Tri-Municipal Region has favourable incomes. The median household total income for the Tri-Municipal Region was higher than the Edmonton CMA and province in 2016. However, the incomes in the First Nations’ were significantly lower. There also exists significant income disparity among municipalities and First Nations’ in the Tri-Municipal Region within family groups. The most notable finding is that well over half (58.3% for Enoch and 83.6% for Paul) of First Nations’ families have incomes in the bottom half of the income distribution.

The incidence of low income and housing affordability are generally less important in the Tri-Municipal Region than the Edmonton CMA and province as a whole. However, it should be noted that data for the First Nations’ was not available. The proportion of families spending more than 30% of their income on housing is lower in the Tri-Municipal Region than in the Edmonton CMA and province. The proportion of families determined to be low income is significantly lower in the Tri-Municipal Region than for the Edmonton CMA and province. Median monthly shelter costs in the Tri-Municipal Region are roughly comparable to the Edmonton CMA and province. While the cost of ownership in the Tri-Municipal Region is between the Edmonton CMA and provincial averages, it is somewhat more expensive to rent in the Tri-Municipal Region. Rates of ownership in the Tri-Municipal Region are notably higher than in the Edmonton CMA and province.

The availability of licensed child care spaces in the Tri-Municipal Region is on average lower than that for the Edmonton CMA. This may result in lower than average participation in the workforce of families with children needing formal child care.

Trends in the proportion of businesses in the Tri-Municipal Region by industry reflect the findings that Construction is the dominant industry in the Region. It is expected that there are opportunities for the Tri-Municipal Region to grow into some of the industries in which it currently is under represented in terms of business entities.


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4.1. Next StepsThis compendium of selected labour market information for the Tri-Municipal Region has resulted in the identification of some key findings and observations regarding the current labour market status for the Region as a whole and for the municipalities and First Nations in the Region.

The detailed labour market analysis presented in the Phase 1 Labour Market Profile, included in this Summary Report and the Municipal Reports, will inform the development of Phase 2. The Phase 2 Labour Market Survey will provide a more in depth understanding of the Tri-Municipal Region labour force, identify gaps and issues, and deliver methods to potentially address these gaps and issues. This 2-phase comprehensive study will be utilized to develop a labour market strategy for the Tri-Municipal Region.

Some identified gaps and limitations in the availability of data and information for the Tri-Municipal Region that could be addressed by Phase 2 are summarized as follows:

Wage and salary information is not available for the Tri-Municipal Region from publicly available information sources. As a result, it is unknown as to how competitive local employers are in attracting workers.The barriers and gaps apparent in the available workforce and employment opportunities is significant. Additional information is required regarding the potential for the local job market to expand and narrow this gap.Data suggests that there are segments of the Tri-Municipal Region workforce that are underemployed. Underemployed groups, such as Aboriginals, youth, mature workers and new immigrants, often face particular barriers to employment. More information is needed to determine how to support these hidden labour markets.While major industry and occupation breakdowns of the Tri-Municipal Region workforce are known, information about the experiences and decisions of local employers within these sectors is needed to support expansion of employment opportunities.More information about the businesses currently operating in the Tri-Municipal Region is needed in order to provide targeted, effective services to local employers and job seekers.Key findings regarding the available supports for Tri-Municipal workers as provided by employers and other groups is only partially available. For example, there is some disparity in the availability of local licensed child care in the Region. However, the availability of these and other worker supports as provided by employers is unknown.The employer perspective regarding worker needs and shortages is unknown from the publically available information. This is a critical piece of information required to complete a labour market strategy. A more fulsome understanding of these issues will help determine how the Tri-Municipal Region labour market may be able to better suit employer needs.Some information for the Enoch and Paul First Nations’ is not available. There are some potential benefits of greater integration of the First Nations’ workforce in the Tri-Municipal Region.


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5. Appendix A: TechnicalApplications Management Consulting Ltd has an Employment Demand and Supply Model that projects employment by detailed industry and ocupation. This model, in conjunction with our regional population forecasting model have been used to estimate where the data is not available.

This includes the following information contained in this report:

Population Growth (page 9): Where census information is not available, Applications has estimated the intervening years using our Population Employment Forecasting Model. This model calibrates historic municipal population and employment data to regional (Census Metropolitan Area - CMA) totals.Labour Force Participation Rates (page 16): Data for non-census years has been estimated from annual Labour Force Data at the regional CMA level and allocated to municipalities within the region.Employment Growth (page 18): Data for non-census years has been estimated from annual Labour Force Data at the regional CMA level and allocated to municipalities within the region.Full Time / Part Time Employment (page 19): Data for 2015 has been estimated from annual Labour Force Data at the regional CMA level and allocated to municipalities within the region.Unemployment Rates (page 20): Data for non-census years has been estimated from annual Labour Force Data at the regional CMA level and allocated to municipalities within the region.Work At Home by Industry (page 25): This data was taken from work Applications’ completed for Alberta Transportation where regional population and employment estimates were made for over 1,300 Traffic Zones. This data included an estimate of employment associated with ‘work at home’ by 2 digit NAICS. These ‘work at home’ estimates are based on a special run of this data from Statistics Canada census and advanced to 2016. Detailed 4 Digit NOC (page 31): Applications’ Employment Demand and Supply Model works at a 4 digit NOC level. The industry employment levels for each municipality have been run through this model to estimate the occupational employment by industry and by detailed occupation. Skill Level (page 36): Skill levels are assigned to each 4 digit NOC. Once the detailed NOC analysis was completed, skill levels were assigned to estimate the total number of workers in each skill level group.Labour Market Gap (page 42): Jobs data was taken from work Applications’ completed for Alberta Transportation where regional population and employment estimates were made for over 1,300 Traffic Zones. Workers data is from the Federal Census 2016.


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6. Appendix B: SourcesUnless otherwise footnoted, data used is from the Federal Census. Federal Census data contained in this report is from 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016. 2011 data is from the National Household Survey Community Profile data.

Federal Census data includes the following information contained in this report:

Population Share (page 8): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Population Growth (page 9): Information used is from the Federal Census 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016.Population by Age Group (pages 10-12): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Family Composition (page 13): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Working Age Population (page 15): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Labour Force Participation Rates (page 16): Information used is from the Federal Census 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016.Employment (page 17): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Employment Growth (page 18): Information used is from the Federal Census 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016.Full Time / Part Time Employment (page 19): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Unemployment Rates (page 20): Information used is from the Federal Census 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016.2 Digit NAICS (pages 22-24): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.1 Digit NOC (pages 27-28): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Highest Level of Educational Attainment Overview (page 33): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Post Secondary Breakdown (page 34): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Post Secondary Field of Study (page 35): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Work to Home by Municipality (pages 37-39): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Work to Home Transportation (page 40): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Median Household Income (page 45): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Household Income Distribution (page 46): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Income by Family Composition (page 47): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Economic Family Income Distribution (page 48): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Housing Affordability (page 49): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.


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Housing Tenure (page 50): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Monthly Shelter Costs (page 51): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.Low Income Measure After Tax (page 52): Information used is from the Federal Census 2016.


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