Traumatic Dental Injuries 2

7/28/2019 Traumatic Dental Injuries 2

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The contact between maxillary& mandibular

teeth when they approach each other, as

occurs during chewing or at rest.

In occlusion we see molar canine and incisor

relatioinship


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Molar relationship

Mesiobuccal cusp of upper first molar lie in

the mesiobuccal groove of lower firstmolar

Canine relationship

Upper canine lie in between lower 1st and

2nd

premolarsIncisor relationship

Incisal edges of lower incisor in contact

with the cingulum of upper incisors


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Molar relationship Canine relationship

Incisor relationship


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Misalignment between the upper andlower teeth when the jaw is closed,

resulting in a faulty bite


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In 1890 Edward H. Angle published the firstclassification of malocclusion.

The classifications are based on the relationship of

the mesiobuccal cusp of the maxillary first molarand the buccal groove of the mandibular firstmolar


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A normal molar relationship exists but there iscrowding, misalignment of the teeth, cross bites,

etc


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CLASS II

Mesiobuccal cusp of upper first molar lie half

cusp in front of the mesiobuccal groove of lowerfirst molar


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Two divisions

Class II Division 1

when the maxillary anterior teeth are proclinedand a large overjet is present.


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Class II Division 2

when the maxillary anterior teeth areretroclined and a deep overbite exists.


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CLASS III

Mesiobuccal cusp of upper first molarlie half cusp behind the mesiobuccalgroove of lower first molar


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15 % of adolescents and adults have severely

crowded and rotated incisors

Bi-maxillary protrusion is more in Negroes

Class II malocclusion is 25% in children, 15% in

adolescents and 13% in adults

It is more prevalent in whites of Europe.

Class III malocclusion is more prevalent inAsian(2%-5%) than American (< 1%)


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Prevalence of malocclusion in US population

Normal occlusion (30%)

Class I (50%)

Class II (15%)

Class III (


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Recent dental survey reported overallprevalence of 17%

Study of 11-14 yrs olds in north west of Englandreported prevalence of 34.4%

Recent survey of 14 yrs olds in the east end of

London reported prevalence of 23.7% More boys than girls experience dental injuries

Peak age is early adolescence


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Clinical

Incisal protrusion Increased overjet (> 6mm) Inadequate lip coverage

Social/Envoirmental

Contact sports Violence DeprivationOvercrowding Falls Traffic & bicycle accidents Poor envoirments


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1 to 3 yrs legs trauma due to lack of proper senseof caution

7 to10 yrs contact sports

( Foot ball , Badminton , hockey , Cricket , Basket

ball ) Adolescence

Accidents around home trauma to primarydentition

Accidents around schools trauma to permanentdentition

Most common cause of trauma is fall

Commonly effected teeth are maxillary central

incisors


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Distorted esthetics

Compromised speech

Loss of masticatory functions of teeth

Pain

Facial asymmetry


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The end

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Traumatic Dental Injuries 2