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TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN LIVING ORGANISMORGANISM
SMPK PENABUR
JAKARTA
PLANT TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMPart 1
A. PLANT TRANSPORT SYSTEM
• Transport tissue?
• Where?
A. 1. Water Transport
• Water liquid matter
• Affected by environment
– Moist condition = in
– Dry condition = out
TRANSPIRATION
– Dry condition = out
• Soil plant cell = diff [ ]
• Concentration?
• Solute move from [high] [low] = diffusion• Solute move from [high] [low] = diffusion
• Solvent move from [low] [high] = osmosis
Semipermeablemembrane
Semipermeable Membrane
• Certain molecule, such as water
• As traffic control
• Ex: cell membrane
• Solvent?
• Solute?
Path of Water
Root Hair
osmosis
Epider-mis
CortexEndoder
-misPerisikel Xylem
From root to leaves?
• Capillarity of the stem• Capillary pipe
• Affected by cohesion and adhesion
• Leaves surface tension• Leaves surface tension
– Transpiration
– Used by leaves pull water from xylem
A. 2. Nutrition Transport• Needed by?
• Nutrition = sugar, amino acids
• From leaves to all parts?
HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEMPart 2
B. Human Circulatory System
• Carry?
• Consist of:
– Blood circulation– Blood circulation
– Lymphatic system
• Lymphatic organs
• Lymphatic vessels
B.1. Blood
• Consist of:
– RBC
– WBC
– Plasma 50%– Plasma 50%
B.1.1 RBC
• Contain Hb
• Merah cerah = O2
• Merah keunguan = CO2
• Oxygen transported into all cells
• In cell oxygen is de-attached from Hb
• Absorbed by diffusion
• RBC reformation billirubin (in liver)
B.1.2. WBC
B.1.2. WBC
• Lymphocyte– Lypmh
– Round shape-nucleus
– Cytoplasm don’t have any granule
– Make antibody– Make antibody
• Phagocyte– Bone marrow
– Irregular shape
– Can flow fr blood vessel
– Have nucleus
B.1.3. Platelets
• Produced by Red bone marrow
• Pinched-off cytoplasmic fragments of specialized bone marrow cells
• No nucleus, no granule• No nucleus, no granule
• Vary in shape and sizes
• 150-400k/mm3 blood
• For: blood clotting
Blood Clotting
B.1.4. Blood Plasma
• Mostly water
• Pale yellow
• Contains:
– Protein– Protein
– food substance
– blood cell
B.1.Blood-Function
• As a transport system
• Maintain body temperature
• Protect body
B.1.Blood Type
Blood Type Agglutinogen/Antigen Agglutinin
A A Anti-B
B B Anti-A
AB A and B -
O - Anti A and B
Aglutinogen, aglutinin?
B.1. Blood Type-Rhesus
Karl Landsteiner & Alexander Wiener
• Antiserum agglutinate ur blood = Rh+
• Can lead serious medical complications• Can lead serious medical complications
• Mother-fetus incompability
• Baby?
– Jaundiced
– Fevered
– Quite swollen– Quite swollen
– Enlarged liver and spleen
CIRCULATORY ORGANSPart 3
C.1. HEART
• As a pump
• Four parts:
– Right atrium
– Left atrium– Left atrium
– Right ventricle
– Left ventricle
• Left atrium & left ventricle = bicuspid
• Right atrium & right ventricle = tricuspid
cleft Function
?
The Heart
• It is about the size of a closed fist
• It weighs about 300 g
• It is made up of special muscles which contract and relaxwhich contract and relax
• It pumps throughout a lifetime, at about 70 times a minute
• Section heart: 4 chambers and 4 valves
• Upper chambers atrium, lower chambers ventricles
The chambers• Atria push blood into ventricles and then
ventricles push blood out of heart.
• Ventricles require greater force force to push blood, so it have thicker walls than atria
• Muscular wall called septum, separates left • Muscular wall called septum, separates left side and right side
The valves• Atrio-ventricular valves- Lie between atria and
ventricle.- Tricuspid on the right side- Bicuspid on the left side
• Semilunar valves: lie between left ventricle and aorta; between right ventricle and pulmonary arterypulmonary artery
They act as doors, ensure blood flow in one direction and prevent it from flowing backwards
Heart work
• Two atrium deflate, two ventricle inflate
– Blood from atrium to ventricle
• Two ventricle shrivelled, two atrium expanded
– Right ventricle = to lung– Right ventricle = to lung
– Left ventricle = to other parts
– From lung = right atrium
– Other parts = left arium
• They take a rest for short time
Rich CO2 (fr
all over the
body)
Two vena cava
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Arteripulmonalis
Rich O2 (fr
lung)
Vena pulmon
alis
Left atrium
Left ventricle
AortaAll over
the body
C.2. Blood Vessel
• Artery
– Largest = aorta
– Bring oxygen rich blood from left ventricle to all over the bodyover the body
– Smaller vessel = arteries
– Smallest vessel = capillary vessel
• Vein
The blood vessels• Blood vessels form a network of tubes to bring
blood around our body.
• 2+1 types of blood vessels
Blood pressure
• 120/80
• 120 systole
– Ventricle contracts
• 80 diastole• 80 diastole
– Ventricle relaxes
BLOOD CIRCULATIONPart 4
• Closed circulatory system
• Blood pass heart twice = double circulation
A. Pulmonary Circulation
• Heart – lungs – heart
1. to the superior and inferior vena cava,
2. then to the right atrium2. then to the right atrium3. through the tricuspid valve4. to the right ventricle5. through the pulmonic valve6. to the pulmonary artery7. to the lungs
B. Systemic Circulation
• Heart – all over the body – heart
The blood picks up oxygen in the lungs, and then flows from the lungs:1. to the pulmonary veins1. to the pulmonary veins2. to the left atrium3. through the mitral valve4. to the left ventricle5. through the aortic valve6. to the aorta7. to the body
DISEASES IN HUMAN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM
Part 5
1. Hypertension: blood pressure > normal
2. Hypotension: blood pressure < normalpressure < normal
3. Anemia: erythrocytes < normal
•Men < 13,5 g/100ml•Women < 12 g/100ml• caused by either a decrease in
production of red blood cells or hemoglobin, or an increase in loss or destruction of red blood cells.
4. Sickle Cell Anemia
• Hemoglobin becomes defective and causes the RBC to change the shape
• Normal HgbA sickle HgbS
blood cells.
5. Thalassemia
– erythrocytes easily damaged
– Abnormal Hb
– inherited
6. Leukemia = cancer of the blood cells
When you have leukemia, the bone marrow starts to make a lot of abnormal white blood cells, called leukemia cells. They don't do the work of normal white blood cells. They grow faster than normal cells, and they don't stop growing when they should.
7. Leukocytosis
8. Leukopenia: leucocytes < normal
9. Thrombocytopenia: reduce thrombocytes or platelets
10. Varices: enlargement of vein at legs
• 11. arteriosclerosis: thickening and loss of elasticity in the arterial wall.
• 12. Atherosclerosis: plaque (plak) builds up • 12. Atherosclerosis: plaque (plak) builds up inside arteries. Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood.
13. Heart Attack
•Myocardinal infaction
•Unthreated atherosclerosis
•The damage or death of cardiac muscle tissue resulting from blockage of one or more coronary arteries, which supply arteries, which supply oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle
14. Stroke
•the death of nervous tissue in the brain due to a lack of O
• result from rupture or blockage of arteries in the head