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Towards an Energy Smart Retail Mall GREAT WORLD CITY SHOPPING CENTREPresented By

Joseph Loh

(KQP, GMP)

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AgendaAgendaAgendaAgendaAgendaAgendaAgendaAgenda

1. Humble beginning of Great World City2. G-Energy Global main scope of work at GWC3. Finding and Observation of Audit Results

• Chiller Plant• AHU• Lighting System• MV system

4. Conceptual Proposal on HVAC and Lighting System

5. Conclusion

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• In the early '30s, Mr Lee Choon Yung developed the site into an amusement park

• In 1941, it was sold to the Shaw Organisation

• The site was later also used as the Air Defence Rescue Office of the British Army

• In 1942, the park was transformed into a camp for Australian prisoners-of-war

• Later, the PoWs were housed in shacks behind the park so that it could resume business. But for the next 3 1/2 years, gambling was the predominant activity there.

• Grand reopening of the Great World Amusement Park in 1958

The First ‘Integrated Resort’ ….??

Tua Seh Kai

The park closed down on March 31, 1964, although the cinemas and restaurants continued operating till 1978.

IN 1979, Mr Robert Kuok, Malaysia's "Sugar King", bought the site from Shaw. Midpoint Properties, a member of the Kuok group of companies, was named the developer and it proposed building a residential and shopping complex there.

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5

G-Energy Global Main Scope of Work at GWC

• To evaluate the performance of the following energy system and explore for Energy Conservation Opportunities:

-Air-Conditioning Chillers Plantroom

-Air Handling Units

-Mechanical Ventilation

-Lighting System

-Lifts and Escalators

• Benchmark efficiencies for the new proposed system and identify potential savings on with new optimized chiller plantroom system

• Re-configure all AHU control strategies to achieve better system efficiency with relative humidity control capability

• Provide design consultancy and manage project to ensure contractor fulfill all their contractual responsibilities

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Building Fact Sheet:

• 2 Office Towers (East & West) – 18 Storey• Retail Mall – 4 Storey + 2 Basement

(Clothes, Cinemas, F&B Outlets, Gym and Electronics)

• 4 chilled Water Branches- East Retail Mall- West Retail Mall + Office- Office- Cinema

• 3 levels of Basement Carparks• Total Approx. GFA: 135,000 m2

And the theme goes on ... even the toilets are painted with exotic scenes

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Audit work involved using EASe Grant:

• Chiller Plantroom and Airside System

• Building Lighting System

• Building M/V System & Carpark Exhaust System (CO measurement)

• Lifts & Escalators

An ornamental carousel is throwback to the real one at the old World.

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Chiller Plantroom

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Old Chiller Configuration List

7 x Water-cooled Chillers and 4 x Air-cooled Chillers

Old Pump Configuration List

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Old Cooling Towers Configuration List

Building Total Cooling Load ProfilePlantroom Tonnage Profile

-

500

1,000

1,500

2,000

2,500

3,000

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

10:0

011

:00

12:0

013

:00

14:0

015

:00

16:0

017

:00

18:0

019

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20:0

021

:00

22:0

023

:00

Time

To

nn

age

Weekdays

Weekends

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Cooling Load Demand HistogramPlantroom Tonnage Histogram

27.6%

7.5%

3.5%

1.5% 1.1% 1.0%0.7% 0.6% 0.7%1.4%

3.6%4.5% 4.9% 4.7%5.1%

2.5% 2.2%

0.7%1.1% 0.6%

2.0%

8.2%9.0%

4.6%

0.7%0.0%0.0%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

1300

1400

1500

1600

1700

1800

1900

2000

2100

2200

2300

2400

2500

2600

More

Bin

Occ

urr

ence

Building Plantroom Power ProfileTotal Plantroom Power Profile

0

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

3000

3500

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

10:0

011

:00

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013

:00

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015

:00

16:0

017

:00

18:0

019

:00

20:0

021

:00

22:0

023

:00

Time

kW

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Plantroom Efficiency Profile

0.0

0.5

1.0

1.5

2.0

2.5

3.0

3.5

4.0

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

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011

:00

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22:0

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:00

Time

kW/T

on

Building Plantroom Efficiency Profile

0.8kW/Ton0.65kW/Ton

About 90% of the time operating between 1.1 to 2.4kW/Ton

Plantroom System Efficiency Histogram

0.4%0.1%0.1%0.4%0.4%

2.1%

11.8%

24.0%

11.1%

4.2%

6.2%

1.7%1.9%2.3%1.8%

3.9%3.7%

5.8%

3.9%

0.9%0.5%0.7%0.8%0.8%0.6%0.6%

9.3%

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

25%

30%

0.5 0.6

0.7

0.8 0.9 1

1.1 1.2

1.3

1.4 1.5

1.6

1.7 1.8

1.9 2

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.5 2.6

2.7

2.8 2.9 3

Mor

e

Bin

Occ

urr

ence

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Existing SystemProposed System 0.65 to 0.8 kW/Ton

Comparison of Plantroom Chiller System Efficiency

Building Plantroom Efficiency vs TonnageEfficiency vs Tonnage

0.0

1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

- 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000

Tonnage

Eff

icie

ncy

kW

/To

n

10

E f f i c i e n c y v s T o n n a g e

0 . 0

1 . 0

2 . 0

3 . 0

4 . 0

5 . 0

6 . 0

- 5 0 0 1 , 0 0 0 1 , 5 0 0 2 , 0 0 0 2 , 5 0 0 3 , 0 0 0

T o n n a g e

Eff

icie

ncy

kW

/Ton

P l a n t r o o m T o n n a g e H i s t o g r a m

2 7 . 6 %

7 . 5 %

3 . 5 %

1 . 5 % 1 . 1 % 1 . 0 % 0 . 7 % 0 . 6 % 0 . 7 %1 . 4 %

3 . 6 %4 . 5 % 4 . 9 % 4 . 7 % 5 . 1 %

2 . 5 % 2 . 2 %

0 . 7 % 1 . 1 % 0 . 6 %

2 . 0 %

8 . 2 %9 . 0 %

4 . 6 %

0 . 7 %0 . 0 % 0 . 0 %

0 %

5 %

1 0 %

1 5 %

2 0 %

2 5 %

3 0 %

1002 00 300

400500

6007 00 800

9001000

11001 20

01300

1 400

15001 60

01700

18001 90

02000

2 100

22002300

24002500

2 600

Mo re

B i n

Occ

urr

ence

Retail East Cooling Load ProfileRetail East Tonnage Profile

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200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

10:0

011

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12:0

013

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015

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017

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019

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021

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023

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Time

To

nn

age

1st & 2nd day of CNY

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Retail East Supply & Return Chilled Water Temp Profile

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

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011

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12:0

013

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015

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017

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019

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021

:00

22:0

023

:00

Time

Tem

p C

Supply 7 to 8.2C

Return ranging from 10 to 12C

Retail East CHWT Differential ProfileRetail East Chilled Water Temp Differential Profile

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

10:0

011

:00

12:0

013

:00

14:0

015

:00

16:0

017

:00

18:0

019

:00

20:0

021

:00

22:0

023

:00

Time

Tem

p C

5.5C

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Retail East Chilled Water Flowrate Profile

-

1,000

2,000

3,000

4,000

5,000

6,000

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

10:0

011

:00

12:0

013

:00

14:0

015

:00

16:0

017

:00

18:0

019

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20:0

021

:00

22:0

023

:00

Time

GP

M

Retail East System Curve

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

- 1,000 2,000 3,000 4,000 5,000 6,000Flowrate (GPM)

Hea

d (F

eet)

Current4,000 – 5,500 GPM

Actual Requirement2,400 – 3200 GPM

Current 60 – 100ft

Actual Requirement30 – 50ft

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Office Cooling Load ProfileOffice Tonnage Profile

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

10:00

11:00

12:00

13:00

14:00

15:00

16:00

17:00

18:00

19:00

20:00

21:00

22:00

23:00

Time

To

nn

age

Office CHWS & CHWR Profile

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Office System Curve

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000

Flowrate (GPM)

Hea

d (

Fee

t)

Current

Actual Requirement

Office System Curve Profile

Retail West + Office Tower Cooling Load ProfileRetail West + Office Tonnage Profile

-

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

800

900

1,000

0:00

1:00

2:00

3:00

4:00

5:00

6:00

7:00

8:00

9:00

10:0

011

:00

12:0

013

:00

14:0

015

:00

16:0

017

:00

18:0

019

:00

20:0

021

:00

22:0

023

:00

Time

To

nn

age

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West Tower CHWS & CHWR Profile

West Tower Flow Rate Profile

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Retail West System Curve

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500

Flowrate (GPM)

Hea

d (

Fee

t)

CurrentActual Requirement

Current Max.11,000 GPM

Actual Max. Requirement7,500 GPM

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Prepared ByPrepared By

GG--ENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTDENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTD

33

Chillers Performance

Poor Part Load Chiller Efficiency

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SS530 0.58kW/Ton

Poor Performance due to Aging600RT perform at 500RT

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Poor Part Load Performance300RT performing at 250RT

0.7 to 1.0 kW/Ton

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Prepared ByPrepared By

GG--ENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTDENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTD

39

Air Handling Units

AHU Airflow Measurement

Over-supply of Airflow resulting in HighEnergy Consumption And Poor Off-Coil Temp

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15.3 - 17.5°C / 97% RH

AHU Supply Airflow Measurement

23.2°C / 73% RH

AHU Return Airflow Measurement

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AHU CO2 Measurement

CO2 concentration on high side

Prepared ByPrepared By

GG--ENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTDENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTD

44

Building Light Fittings

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Light Fittings Findings

• Retail shopping corridors and toilets are using energy

efficient PLC compact light fittings

• Existing light fittings used in carpark and Staircases

are of T8 Fluorescent type

Retail Light Fittings Measurement

Using PLC FittingsAbove Required Level

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Capark Light Fittings Measurement

Below Required Level

Using T8 Tubes

Staircases Light Fittings Measurement

Below Required Level

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Building M/V System and

Carpark Exhaust

Building M/V System Airflow Measurement

Good Selection !Able to comply CP 13Resulting lesser energy required to operate

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Building M/V System Airflow Measurement

Unable to comply CP 13Resulting more energy required to operate

Building M/V System Airflow Measurement

Unable to comply CP 13Resulting more energy required to operate

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Good Selection !Able to comply CP 13 on energy efficiencyResulting lesser energy required to operate

Carpark Exhaust System Airflow Measurement

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Carpark Exhaust System Airflow Verification

Unable to comply CP 13Insufficient Ventilation Rate

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Carpark Exhaust System CO Measurement

CP 13 requirement to maintain 25ppmHigh CO concentration during lunch time

Prepared ByPrepared By

GG--ENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTDENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTD

56

Recommendations

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Proposed New Chiller Plantroom System Configuration (Including AHU)

Financial Analysis Base on 2.5% Inflation Rate Using 3% increase on Tariff per year

Proposal

Proposed Chiller Configuration + AHU

Improvement RefrigerantPeak Hours

(1400RT)Off-Peak Hours (200 to 300RT)

Expected Saving

NPV @ 2.5% using 15 years life

cycle

IRR using 15 years life cycle

11 x 250RT + 4 x

700RT R134a 4 x 700RT1 x 250RT or 1 x

700RT $ 1,080,000 $11,356,133 23.11%

21 x 200RT + 1 x VSD 550RT + 2 x 1200RT R134a

2 x 1200RT + 1 x 550RT

1 x 200RT or 1 x VSD 550RT $ 1,110,000 $11,810,470 23.79%

31 x 250RT + 4 x

750RT R123a 4 x 750RT1 x 250RT or 1 x

750RT $ 1,250,000 $13,430,710 24.39%

41 x 200RT + 1 x

375RT + 2 x 1200RTR134a+

R1232 x1200RT +

1 x 375RT1 x 200RT + 1 x

375RT $ 1,110,000 $12,010,470 24.83%

51 x 200RT + 1 x

375RT + 2 x 1200RT R134a2 x1200RT +

1 x 375RT1 x 200RT + 1 x

375RT $ 1,080,000 $11,756,133 25.23%

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Conventional Air Handling SystemConventional Air Handling System

ZZZ

TREATED/UNTREATED OUTSIDE AIR

6.7º C 12.2º C

14º C

30

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Conventional Air Handling System Conventional Air Handling System (When Room temperature gets low)(When Room temperature gets low)

ZZZ

TREATED/UNTREATED OUTSIDE AIR

6.7º C 16º C

18º C

More Innovative Design Air Handling SystemMore Innovative Design Air Handling System

Modulation Valve

Filter

CO2 Sensor

Chilled Water

Supply

VSD

Damper

Outside AirCooling coil

CHILLEDWATERRETURN

CHILLEDWATERSUPPLY

8ºC

8ºC

13.5ºC

< 14º C

24.5ºC

33ºC

10º C

14º C

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61

62

32

63

64

With Pre-cool Coil

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65

66

34

67

Building M/V System Potential Savings

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M/V System Proposal

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Staircases Light Fittings Savings

Carpark Light Fittings SavingsBase on 2500 Tubes T5 Replacement:

14 Months / 2.3 Years

Expected Pay Back

$ 62,000

$125,000

Expected Investment Cost (Excl. Installation)Expected Investment Cost (Incl. Installation)

$ 54,750Annual Potential Saving

$ 76,650$ 131,400Annual Electrical Cost

383,250 kWhrs657,000 kWhrsAnnual Electrical Consumption

AchievableExisting

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Summary of Building System Savings

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Trees to offset = 17,027 Trees/year

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Conclusion

Energy bill is typically the building’s single largest operating expense. By adopting a more professional approach to identify Energy Conservation Opportunities (i.e. conducting data acquisition), not only it can helps us to improve our design, it optimizes initial investment and provides high level of confident to achieve energy saving in a more holistic way.

Job Security

Salary Increment

Additional Bonus

Increase Profit for the Company

Prepared ByPrepared By

GG--ENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTDENERGY GLOBAL PTE LTD

74

Thank You!