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Topic 3
Infrastructure Maintenance & Rehabilitation
Session 05-07
Matakuliah : S0902 – Manajemen Infrastruktur
Tahun : 2010
Bina Nusantara University
3
Learning outcomes
Mahasiswa dapat menghubungkan
pemeliharaan dan perbaikan infrastruktur terkait dengan aspek-aspek yang
mempengaruhi dalam upaya keberlanjutannya.
Maintenance The action of keeping in effective
condition , in working order , in repair ; deals with the specific procedures, tasks, instructions, personnel, qualifications, equipments and resources needed to satisfy the maintainability req. within a specific use environment. {Hudson,Infrastructure Management p.221]
Maintenance
Is that set of activities required to keep a component , system, infrastructure asset, or facility functioning as it was originally designed and constructed to function [Hudson,Infrastructure Management p.221]
Maintenance
Subset of maintenance : [Hudson,Infrastructure Management p.231] 1. Preventive Maintenance2. Corrective Maintenance 3. Routine Maintenance 4. Hard – time Replacement 5. On-condition Maintenance6. Critical maintenance
MaintenanceRelationship between subset maintenance as shown
Corrective or Reactive Maintenance
Hudson,Infrastructure Management p.232]
Preventive or Proactive Maintenance
On-condition Maintenance
On-condition Maintenance
Hard-TimeReplacement
RoutineMaintenance
MaintenanceSubset of maintenance :
1. Preventive Maintenance : ( proactive maintenance )
is performed to retard or prevent deterioration or failure of a component or system
2. Corrective Maintenance : ( reactive maintenance )
is performed to repair damage and/or to restore infrastructure facilities to satisfactory operation, or
function after failure
MaintenanceSubset of maintenance :3. Routine Maintenance :
is any maintenance done on a regular basis or schedule . It is generally preventative in nature , but may be corrective.
4. Hard – time Replacement : ( HTR )is replacement after a certain length of time, regardless of whether the component has failed or not. It is therefore a type of routine maintenance , but may also be corrective or preventive
MaintenanceSubset of maintenance :
5. On-condition Maintenance : ( OCM )is any maintenance done in response to condition-monitoring actions indicating impending deterioration or failure. By definition it is a type of preventive maintenance
6. Critical maintenance :
is defined by some as the maintenance that must be done immediately to prevent imminent collapse or functional failure
MaintenanceMaintenance standards treatments :1.Preservation 2.Rehabilitation3.Restoration4.Reconstruction
MaintenancePreservation
the act or process of applying measures necessary to sustain the existing form, integrity and materials of historic property
MaintenanceRestoration
the act or process of accurately depicting the form, features and character of property as it appeared at a particular period of time
MaintenanceReconstruction
the act or process of depicting by
means of new construction the form, features and detailing of a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure or object , for the purpose of replicating its appearance at a specific period of time and in its historic location.
RehabilitationRehabilitation :
The act or process of making possible a compatible uses for a property through repair, alterations, and additions , while preserving those portions or features that convey its historical , cultural, or architectural values. [Hudson,Infrastructure
Management p.233]
Rehabilitation
Key ideas of Rehabilitation :[Hudson,Infrastructure Management p.233]
1. Use the property as it was used historically, or find a new use
that minimize retention of distinctive features
Rehabilitation
Key ideas of Rehabilitation :[Hudson,Infrastructure Management p.233]
2. Preserve the historic character . Do not make changes that falsify the historical development
Rehabilitation
Key ideas of Rehabilitation :[Hudson,Infrastructure Management p.233]
3. Repair deteriorated features. Replace a severely deteriorated feature with a matching feature ( eg substituted materials )
Rehabilitation
Key ideas of Rehabilitation :[Hudson,Infrastructure Management p.233]
3. Repair deteriorated features. Replace a severely deteriorated feature with a matching feature ( eg substituted materials )
Infrastructure Alternatives• Infrastructure planning involves multiple ideas• Infrastructure planning involves multiple tasks• Infrastructure planning involves the identification
of alternatives• Infrastructure planning involves the comparison
of alternatives
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and Prioritizing
[Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Simple cost basis :– Construction cost– Investment cost– Annual Cost– Cost per unit of constructed infrastructure– Cost per unit of services or output– Present, future and annual value of a stream of
costs over a specific period of service for an infrastructure facility
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and Prioritizing
[Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Simple cost basis plus consideration of other
Specified engineering factor , including : – Length of useful life– Quality of construction and durability of facilities– Associated problems of maintenance and operation– Susceptibility to unforeseen problems of
construction, maintenance and operation– Flexibility of facilities for expansion and/or
replacement in the future
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and
Prioritizing [Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Life cycle cost basis ( Present value basis ) : – Costs only– Costs offset by savings to beneficiaries of
facilities– Costs offset by savings ang by values of other
types of benefits
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and Prioritizing
[Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Cost basis including adjustment made for additional screening criteria:
– Adjustment of estimates made by others of cost , capacity and output
– Adjustment of estimates made by others to reflect sponsor’s special requirement
– Adjustment of estimates made by others to reflect analyses of local and regional infrastructure system
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and Prioritizing
[Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Additional preliminary cost-driven methodologies
for state and local infrastructure system: – Routine maintenance and replacement decisions
based upon engineering judgments as to a priorities and the availability of fund
– Analyses based upon cost-effectiveness– Comparison of alternatives based upon additional
measure of performance incl. effectiveness in providing services, reliability and cost
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and Prioritizing
[Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Full Financial Analyses: – Development of arrangements to
implement project, with term and conditions of financing.
– Cost per unit of services product, and comparison with existing market prices and with willingness and ability to pay
– Annual years analyses of all monetary input and output at market prices with inflation effect and subsidies.
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and Prioritizing
[Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Economic Analyses ( or benefit cost analyses): – Year by year analyses off all cost and
benefits in which monetary amounts are in terms of their economic values
– Extended analyses that consider regional benefits that are in addition to direct benefits to users of project services and product
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and Prioritizing
[Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Multi Dimensional Analyses:– Matrices, account of several categories
for considering multiple attributes of alternatives
– Display techniques that consider broad multiple objectives
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and Prioritizing
[Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Multi Dimensional Analyses:– Mathematical model and methods designed to
consider trade-off and produce an optimum alternative
– Other decision-oriented methodologies such as AI ( Artificial Intelligence) based method or AHP ( Analytical Hierarchy Process )
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and
Prioritizing [Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Special Studies:– Government agency formal
protocol to perform the planning functions of identification, preliminary screening of alternatives
Infrastructure Alternatives• Methods for comparing and
Prioritizing [Goodman. Infrastructure Planning Handbook p 6.2]
Special Studies:– Regional simulations and other
types of system analyses having outputs in such terms as economic impact and/or degrees of attainment of specified goals or objectives