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TNPSC GROUP I MAIN - 2019 MODEL EXAM – PAPER I

Time: 3 hours Total marks: 250

SECTION A 15 x 3 = 45

Answer any FIFTEEN questions only out of EIGHTEEN questions. Answer not exceeding 30 words each UNIT- I: Modern history of India and Indian culture

1. Write a short note on Durgabai Deshmukh Jh;f;fhgha; Nj~;Kf; gw;wp rpWFwpg;G tiuf

துரக்ாபாய் தேஷ்முக் (Durgabai Deshmukh,15 ஜூலை 1909 – 9 தே 1981) இந்திய

சுேந்திரப் தபாராளியாக இருந்ோர,் வழக்கறிஞர,் சமூக தோழிைாளி ேற்றுே்

அரசியை்வாதி.

அவர ் இந்திய அரசியைலேப்பு சட்டேன்ற உறுப்பினராகவுே் ேற்றுே்

இந்தியாவின் திட்டமிடை் ஆலையேத்ின் உறுப்பினராகவுே் இருந்ோர.்

தபை்கள் விடுவிப்புக்கான தபாதுநை ஆரவ்ைராகவுே்,1937ை் ஆந்திர ேகளிர ்

சலபலய (ஆந்திர ேகளிர ்ோநாடு) துவங்கிலவே்ோர.் அவர ்ேே்திய சமூக

நை வாரியே்தின் நிறுவனர ் ேலைவராகவுே் இருந்ோர.்1953இை்்

சி.டி.தேஷ்முக்லக ேைந்ோர.்

சி.டி.தேஷ்முக், 1950-1956இை் இந்திய ரிசரவ்் வங்கியிை் முேை் இந்திய

கவரன்ராகவுே் இந்திய ேே்திய அலேசச்ரலவயிை் நிதி அலேசச்ராகவுே்

பைிபுரிந்ேவராவார.்

2. What is the significance of Wardha Congress Session? thh;jh fhq;fpu]; khehl;bd; Kf;fpaj;Jtk; ahJ?

தவள்லளயதன தவளிதயறு இயக்கே் (Quit India Movement) 1942 இை்

இந்தியாவிை் ஆரே்பிக்கப்பட்ட ஒேத்ுலழயாலே இயக்கே் ஆகுே்.

இவ்வியக்கே் ேகாே்ோ காந்தியின் இந்திய விடுேலைக்கான அலழப்பிலனே ்

தோடரந்்து ஏற்படுே்ேப்பட்டது. இது ஆகஸ்ட் புரட்சி என்றுே்

அலழக்கப்படுகிறது. பிரிே்ோனிய அரலச அடிபைிய லவே்து

தபசச்ுவாரே்்லே தேலசக்கு அலழப்பதே இேன் முக்கிய தநாக்காக

இருந்ேது. இந்திய தேசிய காங்கிரஸ் பே்பாயிை் ஆகஸ்ட் 8, 1942 இை் கூடட்ிய

ோநாட்டிை் இந்ே இயக்கே்லே முன்தனடுேத்ுச ் தசை்ைே் தீரே்ானே்

நிலறதவற்றியது.

B

https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1942https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BEhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%92%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BFhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_8

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ஜூலை 1942இை் வாரே்ாவிை் கூடிய காங்கிரஸின் தசயற்குழு தவள்லளயதன

தவளிதயறு இயக்கே்துக்கான ஆயே்ேே்லேே் தோடக்கியது. அலேயடுே்து

ஆகஸ்ட் 8 ஆே் நாள் ோநாட்டிை் தபசிய ேகாே்ோ காந்தி தசய் அை்ைது தசே்து

ேடி என்று முழங்கி தவள்லளயதன தவளிதயறு இயக்கே்லேே் தோடங்கி

லவே்ோர.் இேற்கடுே்ே நாள் ஆகஸ்ட் 9 1942 இை் தபருே்பாைான காங்கிரஸ்

ேலைவரக்லள பிரிே்ோனிய அரசு சிலறப்பிடிே்ேது.

இேற்குப் பின்னதர விடுேலைப் தபாராட்டே் தபாதுேக்களின் தபாராட்டோக

உருதவடுே்ேது. ஆனாை் ஓராை்டுக்குள் காைனிய அரசு இவ்வியக்கே்லே

ஒடுக்கிவிட்டது.

3. Name the three personalities who were underwent INA Trail ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZt rjp tof;fpy; Fw;wk; rhl;lg;gl;l %d;W ,e;jpah;fs; ahh;? - ~heth]; fhd; - FUgf;]; jpyhd; - gpNuk; rfy;

4. Define Satyagraha

rj;jpahfpufk; - tiuaW

சே்தியாகிரகே் (Satyagraha (சேக்கிருேே்: सत्याग्रह; சே்யா: "உை்லே", ஆக்ரஹ: "சே்தியே்திலிருந்து அை்ைது அகிே்லசயிலிருந்து பிறந்ே சக்தி" என்பது

தபாருள்).[1]என்பது ஒரு காந்திய தபாராட்ட முலறயாகுே். சே்தியாகிரகே்திை்

ஈடுபடுபவர ்சே்யாகிரகி என அலழக்கப்படுகிறார.்

ேகாே்ோ காந்தியாை் சே்தியாகிரகே் என்ற தசாை் உருவாக்கப்பட்டது. இவர ்

இந்திய ேக்களின் உரிலேகளுக்காக தேன்னாபிரிக்காவிை் நடே்திய

தபாராட்டங்களிை் முேன் முேைாவோகவுே், பின்னர ்இந்திய விடுேலை

இயக்கே்தின் தபாதுே் இந்ேப் தபாராட்ட வடிலவப் பயன்படுே்தினார.்

சே்தியாக்கிரகக் தகாட்பாடானது ோரட்்டின் லூேர ் கிங் ேற்றுே் தஜே்ஸ்

தபை்ைலின் ஆகிதயார ் அதேரிக்காவிை் தேற்தகாை்ட குடிசார ் உரிலேகள்

இயக்கே் ேற்றுே் சமூக நீதிக்கான பரப்புலரகளின்தபாதுே், இதே தபான்ற பை

இயக்கங்களிலுே் ோக்கே்லே ஏற்படுே்தியது

5. What are the objectives of Indian National Congress? ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpurpd; Nehf;fq;fs; ahit? - cah; mjpfhu gjtpfis ,e;jpah;fSf;F toq;Fjy; - tWik xopg;G> tptrha Nkk;ghL> etPd njhopw;rhiyia cUthf;Fjy; - Ra Ml;rpf;fhd mjpfhuq;fis toq;Fjy;

6. Why Vallabhai Patel is called Father of All India Civil Services? ty;ygha; gl;Nly; midj;jpe;jpa Fbikg;gzpfspd; je;ij vd Vd; miof;fg;gLfpwhh;? - ,e;jpah tpLjiy ngw;wNghJ Fbik gzpf;fhf ehlhSkd;wj;jpy; ciuahw;wp mjid

,e;jpa Ml;rpg;gzp vd khw;wpaJld; mjpy; gy rPh;jpUj;jq;fis Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. ,j;jifa gzpfis Mw;wpajhy; ,tiu ,e;jpa Fbikg;gzpfspd; je;ij vd miof;fpNwhk;.

https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BEhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D_9https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BFhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D#cite_note-1https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BFhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BEhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%89%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D

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UNIT- II : Social issues in India and Tamil Nadu

7. What is Go Tribal Campaign? goq;Fbapdiu Nehf;fpr; nry; gug;Giu vd;why; vd;d? TRIFED mikg;G goq;Fbapdhpd; r%f nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpf;fhfTk; mth;fsJ iftpidg; nghUl;fs;> mzpfyd;fs; Nghd;wtw;iw tpahghuk; nra;a Cf;Ftpf;fTk; ,e;j goq;Fbia Nehf;fpr; nry; vd;w gug;Giuia Nkw;nfhz;Ls;sJ.

8. What is Prime Minister Modi’s ‘HEALTH’ Mantra to Nations? gpujk ke;jphp Nkhb ehLfSf;F toq;fpa ‘HEALTH’ ke;jpuq;fs; ahit?

• H vd;w thh;ijapd; %ykhf xt;nthU ehLk; jq;fs; Fbkfdpd;

MNuhf;fpaj;ij NgZtJ kpfTk; mtrpakhd xd;whFk;. • F vd;w gjj;jpy; nghUshjhu Nkk;ghL kdpjdpd; tho;f;if ju

Nkk;ghl;bw;F kpf mtrpak; vd;whh;. • A vd;w gjj;jpy; khw;W vhpnghUis fz;L gpbg;gJ cyfpd;

jw;Nghija Njit vd;whh;. • L vd;w gjj;jpy; xt;nthU ehl;bd; ,yf;fpaj;jpy; me;ehl;bd; gz;ghl;L

gpujpgypg;ig fhz; Ntz;Lk;. • T vd;w gjj;jpy; xt;nthU rKjhaKk; gaq;futhj gak; ,y;yhky; tho

top nra;a Ntz;Lk; vd;W $wpdhh;. • H vd;gjw;F cWg;G ehLfs; kdpjgpkhd xj;Jiog;ig ey;f Ntz;Lk;

vd;W Ngrpdhh;.

9. What is Child Abuse? rpwhh;fSf;F vjpuhd Fw;wk; vd;why; vd;d?

Foe;ij J~;gpuNahfk; (Child abuse) vd;gJ xU Foe;ijf;F ,d;ndhU egh; (mth; taJ te;jtNuh my;yJ Foe;ijahfNth ,Uf;fyhk;) nra;af; $ba> Fwpg;gplj;jf;f msTf;F Jd;gj;ij Vw;gLj;jf; $ba ve;j xU nraiyAk; Fwpf;Fk;. mJ cly; hPjpahdjhfNth> ghypay; hPjpahdjhfNth my;yJ czh;r;rp g+h;tkhdjhfNth ,Uf;fyhk;. Mdhy;> mJ ngUk;ghYk; md;G> mf;fiw kw;Wk; ftdk; ,y;yhjjhfNt ,Uf;Fk;. Gwf;fzpj;jy; ve;j tbtj;jpy; ,Ue;jhYk;> mJ Foe;ijf;F cly; hPjpapyhd Jd;gj;ijf; nfhLg;gjhfNt mikAk;. Foe;ij J~;gpuNahfj;jpd; tiffs;

1. cly; hPjpapyhdJ 2. ghypay; hPjpapahdJ 3. czh;r;rp hPjpapyhdJ 4. tPl;L hPjpapyhdJ 5. Md;iyd; hPjpapyhdJ 6. Gwf;fzpg;gJ

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10. What is urban sprawl? efu Efh;T vd;why; vd;d?

11. Write a short note on Poshan Abhiyan Nghrhd; mgpahd; gw;wp rpWFwpg;G tiuf

அபியான் என்ற திட்டே்லே கடந்ே ோரச் ்ோேே் ேே்திய தபை்கள் ேற்றுே்

குழந்லேகள் தேே்பாடட்ு அலேசச்கே் தோடங்கியது. இந்ே திட்டே்லே

தசன்லனயிை் 13 துலறகளுடன் இலைந்து தசயை்படுே்ே ோநகராட்சி முடிவு

தசய்துள்ளது.

இந்ே திட்டே்தின் முக்கிய தநாக்கே் தபை்கள் ேற்றுே் குழந்லேகலள

அனிமீயா பாதிப்பிை் இருந்து பாதுகாப்பது ஆகுே். ேே்திய சுகாோரேத்ுலற

ஆய்வின் படி தசன்லனயிை் 45 சேவீே தபை்களுக்கு அனிமீயா குலறபாடு

இருப்பது கை்டறியப்படட்ுள்ளது. எனதவ வருடே்திற்கு 3 சேவீேே் குலறக்க

தவை்டுே்.

12. What is Naxalism? ef;ryprk; vd;why; vd;d?

- 1967y; ef;ry; ghhp vd;w fpuhkj;jpy; Nkw;F tq;fhsj;jpy; Jtq;fpa th;f;f Nghuhl;lNk

ef;yprk; vdg;gLk; ,lJrhhp jPtputhj ,af;fkhFk;.

UNIT- III : General Aptitude & Mental Ability 13. List out various types of classification.

tifg;gLj;Jjypd; tiffis vOJf.

5 | Page

14. A shopkeeper allows a discount of 10% to his customers and still gains 20%. Find the marked price of an article which costs Rs.450 to the shopkeeper. xU filf;fhuh; jd; thbf;ifahsh;fSf;F 10% js;Sgb je;Jk;> 20% ,yhgk; milfpd;whh;. xU nghUspd; cz;ik tpiy &.450 vdpy;> mg;nghUspd; Fwpj;j tpiyiaf; fhz;f.

15. The population of a village is 7000. It increases by 8% during the first year. During the second year, it decreases by 25% and increases by 20% during the third year. What is the population after 3 years? xU fpuhkj;jpd; kf;fs;njhif 7000. Kjyhk; Mz;L 8 rjtPjk; mjpfhpf;fpwJ> ,uz;lhk; Mz;L 25 rjtPjk; FiwfpwJ kw;Wk; %d;whk; Mz;L 20 rjtPjk; mjpfhpf;fpwJ. me;j fpuhkj;jpd; kf;fs; njhif %d;W Mz;LfSf;F gpwF vt;tsT?

Solution:

108 75 1207000 6804

100 100 100 =

16. The least number, which when divided by 18, 24, 30 and 42 leaves in each case a remainder

of 1, is: Xh; vz;iz 18, 24, 30 kw;Wk; 42 My; tFf;Fk; NghJ xt;nthd;wpYk; kPjp 1 fpilf;f> kpff;Fiwe;j vz;izf; fz;Lgpb:

Solution:

LCM of Given Number + Same Remainder

LCM(18, 24, 30,42) + 1

2520 + 1 = 2521.

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17. Expand the following terms fPNo nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;stw;wpf;F tpupthf;fk; jUf. a. RISC b. CISC c. EPIC

a. RISC - Reduced instruction set computer b. CISC - Complex instruction set computer c. EPIC - Explicitly parallel instruction computing (EPIC)

18. The graph shows the production of wheat in different years of a particular State. Study

the graph and answer Question Fwpg;gpl;Ls;s khepyj;jpy; ntt;NtW tUlj;jpy; NfhJik cw;gj;jpia tiuglj;jpy;

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

The year which had the percentage of decrease compared to its previous year in

production as 1

133

% is

Fwpg;gpl;l tUlj;jpd; cw;gj;jpahdJ mjd; Ke;ija tUlj;ij xg;gpLk;NghJ 1133

%

Fiwe;Js;sJ vdpy;> me;j tUlq;fis fhz;f.

Solution: Year: 1999 – 2000:

1500 1300100

1500

200 40 113 %

15 3 3

−

= =

7 | Page

SECTION – B 10 x 10 = 100

Answer any TEN questions only out of THIRTEEN questions. 120 words each UNIT- I : Modern history of India and Indian culture 19. Discuss the contribution of Abul Kalam Azad to Pre and Post-independence India

,e;jpa Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fk; Kd;Gk; gpd;Gk; mGy; fyhk; Mrhj;jpd; gq;fspg;G gw;wp tpsf;Ff

Kd;Diu • fhe;jpapd; fhyj;jpy; nksyhd mGy;fyhk; Mrhj; kpf Kf;fpa murpay;

jiyth;fspy; xUth; Mthh;. • 1940 Mk; Mz;L Njh;jypy; Mtpj; vk;.vd. uha;ia Njhw;fbj;jhh;. ,jd; gpwF

Mrhj; ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]; ,af;fj;jpd; jiytuhdhh;. • Mrhj; jdJ 35tJ tajpy; nly;ypapy; ele;j ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu];

,af;fj;jpd; rpwg;G $l;lj;jpd; jiytuhf jyikjhq;fpdhh;. nrg;lk;gh; 15> 1923 Mk; Mz;L ,J ele;jJ.

• Mrhj; ,e;j ehl;Lf;fhf mjpf f~;lq;fis mDgtpj;jhh;. • Mrhj; mjpfk; fw;gth;. ,th; gakpy;yhjth;. epfo;fhyj;jpw;Fk; fle;jf;

fhyj;jpw;Fk; ghykhf ,Ue;jhh;. ,th; gioikf;Fk;> etPd mwptpay; cyFf;Fk; ,ize;J gzpahw;wpath;.

➢ Mrhj; xU gj;jphpf;ifahsh; • Mrhj; ieuhq;-,-Myk; vd;wgj;jphpf;ifapy; ftpij vOjpdhh;. m];-rgh vd;w

gj;jphpf;ifapYk; fl;Liu vOjpdhh;. • Mrhj; jdJ Kjy; Gj;jfkhd vyd;-,-`hf; vd;w ngahpy; ntspapl;lhh;. • Mrhj; njhlh;e;J gy gj;jphpf;iffspy; vOjpdhh;. ,uz;lhtJ yh$hpy;

ntsptUk; Nkf;rhd; gj;jphpf;ifapYk;> fy;fj;jhtpy; ntsptUk; Mrd;-cs;-Mf;gh; vd;w gj;jphpf;ifapYk; kw;Wk; Kuhf;fh-,-M];yhk; vd;w gj;jphpf;ifapYk; vOjpdhh;.

• Mrhj; nrg;lk;gh; 20> 1903-y; xU gj;jphpf;ifia Vw;gLj;jpdhh;. ypf;fhD-v];.rpj;jpf; vd;w ngah; MFk;.

• Mrhj; yh$hpy; Vg;uy; 1 Mk; Njjp Kjy; 3 Mk; Njjp tiu 1904 –y; eilg;ngw;w mQ;RNkd;-,-,kaj;-,-,];yhk; vd;w khehl;bYk; fye;Jf; nfhz;lhh;.

• Mrhj; 1904 Mk; Mz;L yf;Ndhtpy; eilg;ngw;w ,uz;lhtJ ,];yhk; khehl;by; gq;F ngw;whh;.

• Mrhj; 1906 Mk; Mz;L nly;ypapy; cs;s gj;jphpf;if thfpy; mkph;jru]; gjpg;ghsh; gzpia Vw;Wf; nfhz;lhh;.

• Mrhj; lh&-v];-Ry;jhd; vd;w cs;@h; thue;jpu ,jOf;F vbl;luhf gzpGhpe;jhh;. ➢ Mrhj;jpd; murpay; tho;T • fhe;jp xj;Jioahik ,af;fk; Jtq;fpa NghJ Mrhj; mtUila tyf;fukhf

nray;gl;lhh;. • Mrhj; uhQ;rp rpiwapypUe;J tpLjiy mile;jJk;> fhe;jpia nrd;w re;jpj;jhh;. • yh$hpy; 1000 mwpQh;fSk; nksypfSk; xd;W Nrh;e;J Mrhj; ,e;jpahtpd;

jiyth; vd mwptpj;jdh;. ,khk;-cs;-,e;J vd;wdh;. • nly;ypapy; 1923 nrg;lk;ghpy; rpwg;G fhq;fpu]; khehl;Lf;F Mrhj; jiyik

jhq;fpdhh;. • ,k;khehl;by; ,e;J K];yPk; xw;Wikia typAWj;jp midtUk; ,e;jpa Njrpa

,af;fj;ij tYg;gLj;j Ntz;Lk; vd;W Ngrpdhh;.

8 | Page

• 1927-y; irkd; FOit rhjpg;gjw;F ele;j $l;lk; fy;fj;jhtpy; Mrhj; jiyikapy; eilg;ngw;W ,Wjpapy; irkd; FOit vjph;g;gJ vd KbT nra;ag;gl;lJ.

• Mrhj; 1928-y; yh$h;> mkph;j;jru];> uhty; gpz;b> nly;yp Mfpa ,lq;fSf;F nrd;W irkd; FO vjph;g;gjw;fhd fhuzq;fis tpsf;fp Ngrpdhh;.

• Mrhj; gy ,lq;fspy; Vw;gl;l gpur;ridfis jPh;j;J itj;jhh;. • Mrhj; ghuhSkd;w FOtpy; tq;fhsk;> gPfhh;> cj;jpug;gpuNjrk;> gQ;rhg;> rpe;J

kw;Wk; tlNkw;F vy;iy khfhzk; Mfpatw;wpw;F nghWg;ghsuhf ,Ue;jhh;. ➢ Mrhj; fhq;fpu]; jiytuhf nray;gLjy; • 1923-y; nly;ypapy; ele;j rpwg;G fhq;fpu]; $l;lj;jpy; Mrhj; Kjd;Kjypy;

Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;. • Mrhj; kPz;Lk; ,uz;lhtJ Kiwahf 1939-y; fhq;fpu]; ,af;fj;jpd; jiytuhf

Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;. • 1940-y; gPfhhpy; ele;j fhq;fpu]; $l;lj;jpd; jiyth; ciuahf Mrhj; NgrpaJ

tuyhw;W Kf;fpaj;Jtk; tha;e;jJ MFk;. • Mrhj; Mq;fpy Ml;rpaplk;> ,e;jpahtpw;F KO Rje;jpuKk;> murpayikg;G

rl;lrigAk; Ntz;Lk; vd;whh;. • Mrhj; ,e;jpahtpd; ,f;fl;lhd fhyfl;lj;jpy; ,e;jpa Njrpa fhq;fpu]pd;

jiytuhf ,Ue;jhh;. rpwg;ghf 1940 Kjy; 1946 tiu Mrhj; ,e;jpa Rje;jpuk; ngw;WtpLk; vd;w jiyg;gpy; Gj;jfk; vOjpdhh;.

• 1942> khh;r; 29 –y; Mrhj;Jf;Fk; fphpg;]; FOtpw;Fk; Kjy; re;jpg;G ele;jJ. ,jd; Kbtpy; ,ilf;fhy muR mikf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jpy; Mrhj; [{iy 15> 1947 fy;tp mikr;ruhdhh;.

➢ nksyhd mGy;fyhk; Mrhj; fy;tp mikr;rh; gzp • Mrhj; 1952 Njh;jypy; Nyhf; rigf;F uhk;g+h; njhFjpapYk; 1957 Njh;jypy;

Fh;fhd; njhFjpapypUe;J Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;. • fy;tp mikr;rUf;Fhpa mwpT> Mw;wy;> kdpjNeak;> kjpg;G midj;Jk; Mrhj;jplk;

,Ue;jJ. • Mq;fpNyah;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;l fy;tp Kiwia khw;wp ,e;jpahtpd; Ra

rpe;jidf;F Vw;g khw;wpdhh;. • Mrhj; KjpNahh; fy;tp Kiwia Vw;gLj;jpdhh;. fy;tpapy; Muha;r;rpia

Cf;fptpj;jhh;. • ,e;jp thh;j;ijfis mjpfk; cUthf;fpdhh;. Njrpa tsh;r;rpf;fk;>

tpopg;Gzh;Tf;Fk; Mz;fs; fy;tpAld; ngz;fs; fy;tp kpfkpf Kf;fpak; vd;whh;. Mrhj; gy fy;tpf; FOf;fis Vw;gLj;jpdhh;. 1. ,e;jpa gy;fiyf;fofk; FO> 1948 2. Nky;epiyf; fy;tp FO> 1952 3. Njhopy;El;g fy;tp FO ehL KOtJk; Nrhjidf; $l;lq;fis Vw;gLj;jpdhh;. 4. fuhf;g+h; cah; njhopy;El;g epWtdk; cUthf;fpdhh;. 5. gy;fiyf;fof khzpaf;FO cUthf;fpdhh;.

• Mrhj; njhopy;El;g fy;tp kpf mtrpak; ,e;jpahtpd; tsh;r;rp vd;whh;. • Mrhj;Jf;F Kd; fy;tpf;F ,uz;L Nfhb kl;LNk epjpepiy mwpf;ifapy;

xJf;fgl;bUe;jJ. ,th; 30 Nghb &gha; xJf;fpdhh;. • Mrhj; Ie;jhz;L jpl;lq;fs; %yk; tptrhak;> njhopw;rhiy> Mw;wy;>

Nghf;Ftuj;J> jhty;njhlh;G kl;Lk; tsh;e;jhy; NghjhJ ,isQh;fSf;F ey;y fy;tp nfhLj;J tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;jp ey;y Fb kfdhf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;whh;.

• Mrhj; mf;Nlhgh; 19> 1945 njhopy;El;g fy;tpf;F Vw;gLj;jpa rhh;[d;l; FO mwpf;ifia Vw;Wf; nfhz;L eilKiwg;gLj;jpdhh;.

• Mrhj; Mf];L 18> 1952 fuhf;g+hpy; njhopy;El;g epWtdj;ij Jtf;fp itj;jhh;. Mrhj; rhfpj;a mfhlkp> yypj; fyh mfhlkp> rq;fPj ehl;ba mfhlkpia cUthf;fpdhh;.

9 | Page

• ,e;j %d;W epWtdq;fSf;F jdpj;jdpNa muR epjp xJf;fp Rje;jpukhf nray;gl Mrhj; toptFj;jhh;.

• Iehtpd; xU cl;gphpthd Ad];Nfh cUthf;Ftjpy; ,e;jpahtpd; gq;F cz;L. • ,e;j Ad];Nfhtpy; ,e;jpah cWg;gpudhh;. ,e;jpahtpy; ,Ue;J mjpf msT

Nguhrphpah;fSk;> mwpQh;fSk; mjpy; gq;F ngw;wdh;. • Ad];Nfhtpd; nraw;FOtpd; jiytuhf lhf;lh; uhjhfpU~;zd;

Njh;e;njLf;fg;gl;lhh;. • 1952-y; Mrhj; Ad];Nfh $l;lk; ghhp]py; ele;jJ> mjpy; rpwg;ghf Ngrpdhh;. • Mrhj; ,e;jpa fyhr;rhu FO cUthf;fpdhh;. ,jd; %yk; ,e;jpa fyhr;rhuk;

kw;w ehLfspy; gut topr; nra;jhh;. • Mrhj; fy;tp mikr;rh; gzpAld;> ghuhSkd;w fhq;fpu]; fl;rpapd; Jizj;

jiytuhf ,Ue;jhh;. gpujkhpd; Kjd;ik MNyhrfuhf nray;gl;lhh;. ➢ Mrhj; xU rpwe;j mwpthsp kw;Wk; vOj;jhsh; • Mrhj; ,U gj;jphpf;iffspy; vbl;luhf gzpGhpe;jhh; my;-,yhy; kw;Wk; my;-

ghyh~; MFk;. • Mrhj; vOjpa jhh;Rtd;-cs;-Fuhd; kw;Wk; j];fPuh kw;Wk; Fghh;-,-fhbh; MFk;. • Mrhj; gy Jiw Mw;wy; ngw;wUe;jhh;. Fuhd; gw;wp njspthf vOjpdhh;>

Ngrpdhh;. mJ kdpjh; tho;Tf;F topfhl;b vd;whh;. • Mrhj;jpd; topf;fhl;b ~h thypAs;sh Mthh;. NkYk;> Mrhj;jpw;F topfhl;b

,khk; fh[hyp]; Mthh;. • Mrhj; Fuypid njspthf gbj;J njspthd rpe;jidia tsh;j;Jf;nfhz;L

mjd;gb tho;e;jhh;.

20. Write on the contributions of Sangeeth Natak Academy and Lalith Kala Academy to Indian Culture. ,e;jpa fyhr;rhuj;jpw;F rq;fPj ehlf mfhnjkp kw;Wk; yypj; fyh mfhnjkpapd; gq;fspg;G gw;wp vOJf

சங்கீே நாடக அகாேமி (Sangeet Natak Akademi, தேவநாகரி: संगीत नाटक अकादेमी அை்ைது ேமிழிை் இலச,

நடனே் ேற்றுே் நாடக தேசிய ேன்றே் இந்திய அரசாை் நிகழ்ே்து கலைகளுக்காக நிறுவப்படட்ுள்ள

தேசியளவிைான அகாேமியாகுே். 1952ஆே்ஆை்டு இந்திய அரசாங்கே்ோை் கை்வி அலேசச்க்கே்தின் கீழ்

புது தடை்லியிை் அலேக்கட்ட இந்ே ேன்றே்தின் முேை் ேன்றே்ேலைவராக பி. வி.

இராசேன்னார ்நியமிக்கப்பட்டார.் இேன் திறப்புவிழா சனவரி 28, 1953 அன்று அன்லறய இந்தியக்

குடியரசுே் ேலைவர ்இராதஜந்திரப் பிரசாே ்அவரக்ளாை் நாடாளுேன்ற வளாகே்திை் நடந்ேது.

இே்ேன்றே்தின் கூட்டாளராகச ்தசரப்்பு ேற்றுே் விருதுகள் தபருலேயுே் சிறப்பு மிக்கனவாகவுே்

கருேப்படுகின்றன. இந்ே சங்கீே நாடகக் கழகே் சுய நிரவ்ாகப் தபாறுப்புள்ளது. தபாதுக் குழு, தசயற்

குழு, நிதிக் குழுவாை் அவ்வப்தபாது நியமிக்கப்படுே் சிறப்புக் குழுக்கள் இவற்றின் மூைே் இக்கழகே்தின்

நிரவ்ாகே் நலடதபறுகின்றது.

ைலிே் கைா அகாடமி (அ) தேசிய கலைக் கழகே், (Lalit Kala Akademi அை்ைது National Academy of

Art) இந்திய அரசாை் ஏற்படுே்ேப்பட்ட ஒரு ேன்னாட்சி அலேப்பாகுே். புது

திை்லிலயே் ேலைலேயிடோகக் தகாை்டு இயங்குே் இது இந்திய கலை, கைாசச்ாரே்,

பை்பாடு, ஓவியே் தபான்ற நுை்கலைகலள ேக்களிடே் தகாை்டு தசரப்்பேற்காக

பைேரப்பட்ட கலைஞரக்ளின் கலை தவளிப்பாடுகலள தவளிப்படுே்ேசத்சய்து

அவரக்ளுக்தகன ஒரு ேனிே்துவ தேலடலய அலேே்துக்தகாடுக்கிறது. இவ்வலேப்பின்

ேை்டைக் கிலளகள் புவதனசுவரே், தசன்லன, காரக்ி (டிை்லி) தகாை்கே்ோ, ைக்தனா, சிே்ைா

ஆகிய இடங்களிை் தசயற்படுகின்றன

https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BFhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/1952https://ta.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF._%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF._%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D&action=edit&redlink=1https://ta.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF._%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF._%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D&action=edit&redlink=1https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%88%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9C%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A4_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%95_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF_%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BFhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BFhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8Dhttps://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BE

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21. Write a note on revolutionary terrorism ,e;jpa Rje;jpu Nghuhl;lj;jpy; jPtputhjk; gw;wp vOJf

❖ Gul;rpfu ,af;fq;fs;

➢ 19k; E}w;whz;bd; Kw;gFjpapy; tq;fhsk;> kfhuh~;buk;> gQ;rhg;> nrd;id Mfpa gFjpfspy; Gul;rpthj FOf;fs; Njhd;wpd.

➢ kpjthj> jPtputhj nfhs;iffs; ,uz;bYNk ,th;fSf;F cld;ghL ,y;iy. vdNt> gy ufrpa Gul;rp mikg;Gfis mth;fs; Njhw;Wtpj;jdh;.

➢ tq;fhsj;jpy; mDrpyhd; rkpjp> [_fe;jh; Mfpa ufrpa ,af;fq;fs; epWtg;gl;ld. kfhuh~;buj;jpy; rthh;f;fh; rNfhjuh;fshy; mgpdt; ghuj; rq;fk; Njhw;Wtpf;fg;gl;lJ.

➢ nrd;id khfhzj;jpy; ePyfz;l gpuk;kr;rhhp ghuj khjh rq;fj;ij Njhw;Wtpj;jhh;.

➢ gQ;rhgpy;> ,isQh;fspilNa Gul;rpf; fUj;Jf;fis gug;Gtjw;F m[pj; rpq; xU ufrpa mikg;ig Vw;gLj;jpdhh;.

➢ yz;ldpypUe;j ,e;jpah `Trpy;> ~pahk;[p fpU~;z th;kh ,e;jpa Njrpathjpfshd kjd;yhy; b];uh> rthh;f;fh;> tp.tp.v];.ma;ah;> b.v];.uh[d; Nghd;Nwhiu xd;W jpul;bdhh;.

➢ mnkhpf;fhtpy; yhyh `h; jahs; vd;gth; fhjh; fl;rpiaj; Njhw;Wtpj;J ,e;jpahtpw;F ntspNa Gul;rpahsh;fspd; nray;ghLfis Cf;Ftpj;jhh;.

➢ #uj; fhq;fpu]; gpsTf;Fg; gpd; (1907) ghyfq;fhju jpyfh;> jPtputhj fhq;fpu]; gphptpd; jiytuhfj; jpfo;e;jhh;. yhyh y[gjp uha;> gpgpd; re;jpu ghy;> ghy fq;fhju jpyfh; Mfpa %tUk; yhy;> ghy;> ghy; vd Kg;ngUk; jiyth;fshf cUntLj;jdh;.

➢ ,th;fspd; jPtputhjk; fUj;J jPtputhjk; MFk;.

➢ xj;Jioahik ,af;fj;jpd; Njhy;tpAk; u~;a Gul;rpia ikakhff; nfhz;L Nrh~yp];Lfshy; Gul;rpia ikakhff; nfhz;L Nrh~yp];Lfshy; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l gpur;rhuq;fSk; ,e;jpahtpy; Gul;rpfu ,af;fj;jpd; vOr;rpf;F toptFj;jd vd;ghh; gpgpd; re;jpughy;.

jkpof gaq;futhjpfs;

➢ thQ;rpehjd; - M~; Jiuia kzpahr;rp ,uapy; epiyaj;jpy; Rl;Lf; nfhd;whh;.

➢ ePyfz;lgpuk;kr;rhhp - ghuj khjh Gul;rp rq;fj;ij Vw;gLj;jpdhh;.

➢ t.Nt.R.Iah; - GJr;Nrhpapy; jh;khyak; vd;w Gul;rp rq;fj;ij elj;jp te;jhh;.

❖ ufrpa rq;fq;fs; kw;Wk; epfo;Tfs; ntspehl;by; Gul;rp ,af;fq;fs;

➢ ntspehl;by; ,Ue;J nfhz;L ,e;jpa tpLjiyf;F Kaw;rp nra;jth;fspy; yz;ld; ,e;jpa `T]; Gul;rpahsh;fs;> ngh;ypd; tpLjiy fkpl;b Gul;rpahsh;fs;> mnkhpf;fh fjhh; fl;rpapdh; MfpNahh; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fth;fs;.

➢ ,e;jpah `T]; Gul;rpash;fspy; jkpofj;ij Nrh;e;j t.Nt.R. Iah;> jpUr;rp

lhf;lh; TTS uh[d; kw;Wk; MPT uh[h MfpNahh; mlq;Fth;.

➢ ngh;ypd; efhpy; ,Ue;J nfhz;L ,e;jpa tpLjiyf;fhf ghLgl;lth;fspy; nrz;gf uhkd; kw;Wk; J}j;Jf;Fb FUehj Iah; Mfpa ,UtUk; mlq;Fth;.

➢ 1905y; Nkw;nfhs;sg;gl;l tq;fg; gphptpidf;F gpwF gy;NtW Gul;rpfu gj;jphpiffs; njhlq;fg;gl;ld. tq;fhsj;jpy; re;jpah> Afhe;jh; ,jo;fSk; kfhuh~;buhtpy; njhlq;fg;gl;l fhy; ,jOk; Fwpg;gplj;jf;fit.

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➢ “,e;jpahtpy; thOk; 30 Nfhb kf;fSk; jq;fs; 60 Nfhb iffshy; xLf;F

Kiwia jLf;f Ntz;Lk;” vd;W Afhe;jh; vOjpAs;shh;.

,e;jpa Rahl;rp rq;fk;

➢ ~hk;[p fpU~;z th;kh

,yz;ldpy; ,e;jpa Rahl;rpr; rq;fj;ij Njhw;Wtpj;jhh; (1905).

,e;jpa r%tpayhsh; gj;jphpifia elj;jpdhh;.

th;khTila ‘,e;jpa ,y;yk;’ gphpl;b~; gy;fiyf;fofq;fspy; gapd;w ,e;jpa khzth;fSf;Fg; Gfyplkhf ,Ue;jNjhld;wp gaq;futhjpfspd; Gul;rpikahfTk; jpfo;e;jJ.

,e;jpahtpypUe;J Nky;gbg;Gf;fhf ,q;fpyhe;J nrd;w tp.b.rthh;f;fh; ,e;jpa ,y;yj;jpy; Nrh;e;J th;khtpd; neUq;fpa $l;lhspahdhh;.

➢ tPNue;jpuehj; rl;Nlhghj;jpahah> v];.utgha;uhzh> kjd;yhy; jp];uh> t.Nt.R. Iah; Nghd;Nwhh; gpw gpuKfh;fshth;.

fhjh; ,af;fk;

➢ ‘fhjh;’ vd;w nrhy;Yf;F ‘fpsh;r;rp’ vd;w nghUs;> fjhh; ,af;fk; tl mnkhpf;fhit epiyf;fsdhff; nfhz;L ,aq;fpaJ. gfthd; rpq;Fk;> yhyh `h;jahSk; ,e;j ,af;fj;jpd; ,U J}z;fshth;.

MAjf; fpsh;r;rpj; jpl;lk;

➢ mnkhpf;fhtpd; Nkw;Ff; flw;fiug; gFjpapy; `h;jahs; jiyikapy; ,e;jpahTf;F Mjuthf td;Kiwg; Gul;rp ,af;fk; #Lgpbj;jJ. 1913 Nk khjk;

Nghh;l;yhe;jpy; ‘,e;jp rq;fk;’ Jtq;fg;gl;lJ.

➢ `h;jahspd; MAjf; fpsh;r;rpj; jpl;lk; mnkhpf;fh tho; ,e;jpaf; FbNawpfsplk;

cw;rhf tuNtw;igg; ngw;wJ. ‘fhjh;’ vd;w thu ,jo; Jtq;fg;gl;L> ,ytrkhf tpepNahfpf;fg;gl;lJ. gpuhd;rp];Nfhtpy; Afhe;jh; Mrpukk; epWtg;gl;lJ.

fhkfl;lhkhW epfo;r;rp

➢ fhkfl;lhkhW vd;w ngaUila fg;gy; ,e;jpaf; FbNawpfis Vw;wpf; nfhz;L 1914 khh;r; khjk; thd;$th; JiwKfj;ij mile;jJ. FUjpj; rpq; vd;w rpq;fg;G+hpy; tho;e;j ,e;jpa xg;ge;jf;fhuh; fpof;F kw;Wk; njd; fpof;F Mrpa ehLfspy; ,Ue;j ,e;jpah;fis xd;W jpul;b thd;$tUf;F mDg;Gtjw;fhf ,f;fg;giy xg;ge;jk; nra;jhh;.

➢ thd;$th; JiwKfj;ijtpl;L ntspNaw;wg;gl;l fhkfl;lhkhW fy;fj;jhit mLj;j gl;[; gl;[; vd;w ,lj;ij mile;jNghJ gazpfSf;Fk; fhty; gilapdUf;FkpilNa Nkhjy; Vw;gl;lJ. mjpy; 18 gazpfs; nfhy;yg;gl;ldh;> 202 Ngh; ifJ nra;ag;gl;ldh;. vQ;rpNahh; jg;gpr;nrd;wdh;. ,jw;fpilNa Kjy; cyfg; Nghh; Jtq;fptpl;ljhy; MAjg; Gul;rpahsh;fs; GJj;jpl;lk; jPl;bdh;.

22. Write a critique on the impact of the Drain theory of Dadabhai Naoroji in the growth of

economic nationalism. nghUshjhu Njrpa tsh;r;rpapy; jhjhgha; nesNuh[p mth;fspd; tbfl;Lk; nfhs;if Vw;gLj;jpa jhf;fj;jpid tpkh;rpf;f.

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nry;tr; Ruz;ly;: • tWik ,e;jpahtpy; Mq;fpNya Kuz; Ml;rpAk;' (Poverty and UnBritish Rule in

India) vd;w E}ypy; Mq;fpNyaUf;F Kd;G gilnaLj;J te;j Ml;rpahsh;fs; vt;thW NtWgLfpwhh;fs; vd;gij jhjhgha; nesNuh[p tpsf;Ffpwhh;. Mq;fpNyaUf;F Kd;G gilnaLj;J te;jth;fs; nfhs;isabj;J jq;fs; ehLfSf;Fj; jpUk;gr; nrd;W tpl;lhh;fs;. re;Njfkpy;yhky; mth;fs; kpFe;j uzq;fis Vw;gLj;jpdhh;fs; vd;wNghJk; nraY}f;fk; nfhz;l ,e;jpah rpwpJ fhyj;jpy; kPz;nlOe;jJ. mt;thwy;yhky; gilnaLj;Njhh; Ml;rpahsh;fshf ,e;j kz;zpy; Fbakh;j;j NghJ mth;fs; Ml;rp Kiw vt;thW ,Ue;j NghJk; ,q;fpUe;J nghUl;flj;jNyh> ed;dlj;ij rPh;NfNlh Vw;gltpy;iy.

• Mq;fpNya Ml;rp ,jpypUe;J NtWgLfpwJ. nghJg;gzj;jpy; elj;jg;gl;l Kjw;Nghh;fs; ngUk; fld; Rikia Vw;gLj;jpd vd;gNjhL fhaj;ij Mwtplhky; caph; gha;r;Rk; cjpuj;ij cwpQ;Rk; Nghf;fpy; njhlh; Ruz;lNy eilngw;wJ. gioa Ml;rpahsh;fs; frhg;Gf;fhuh; Nghy; mq;nfhd;Wk; ,q;nfhd;Wkhf ntl;bdh;.

• Mdhy; Mq;fpNyaNuh tpQ;Qhd mwpNthL mWit rprpf;ir epGzh;fs; fj;jpahy; Neubahf ,jaj;ij ntl;bdhYk;> tL njhpahjthW Neh;j;jpiaf; ifahStNjhL ehfhPfk;> tsh;r;rp Nghd;w nrhy;yhly;fis gad;gLj;jpf; fhaj;ij kiwf;fpwhh;fs;.

• nesNuh[p jd; thjj;jpy; ,e;jpahtpypUe;J ngUe;njhif cs;ehl;bd; nryTf; fl;lzk; (Home Charges) vd;w tifapy; ,q;fpyhe;J Ngha;r; Nrh;fpwJ vd;fpwhh;.

• cs;ehl;L nryTf; fl;lzk; fPo;f;fz;l $Wfis cs;slf;fpaJ. 1. fk;ngdpapd; gq;Fjhuh;fSf;F toq;fg;gl;l ,yhgk; 2. INuhg;gpa mjpfhhpfs;> INuhg;gpa tpahghhpfs;> Njhl;l Kjyhspfs;

Nghd;Nwhhpd; rk;gsk;> Nrkpg;G vd;w tifapy; ,q;fpyhe;jpy; tuT itf;fg;gl;lj; njhif.

3. ,uhZtj;jpypUe;Jk;> Fbikg; gzpfspypUe;Jk; xa;T ngw;NwhUf;Fr; Nru Ntz;ba Xa;T Cjpaj; njhif.

4. ,yz;ldpy; mike;jpUe;j ,e;jpa mYtyfj;jpy; gzpahw;wpa Copah;fSf;Fk; nrayUf;Fkhd Ntz;ba ngUQ: rk;gsk;.

5. ,e;jpahtpy; epfo;e;j Nghh;fSf;fhd nryTfs;> Nghh; elj;Jtjw;fhf tq;fpapy; ngw;w fld;fSf;fhd tl;b kw;Wk; ,Ug;Gg;ghij mikf;f Vw;gl;l nryTfs;.

6. ,q;fpyhe;jpw;F ,e;jpah 1837 ,y; nfhLf;f Ntz;ba fld; 130 kpy;ypad; gTz;LfshFk;. mJ rpwpJ fhyj;jpy; 220 kpy;ypad; gTz;Lfshf cah;e;j NghJ mjpy; 18 rjtPjk; Mg;fhdp];jhNdhLk;> gh;khNthLk; Nghh; elj;jpa tifapy; nryT nra;jjhff; nrhy;yg;gl;lJ. xU muR mwpf;if 1908 Mk; Mz;bd; epytuj;ijf; Fwpg;gpLk;NghJ ,Ug;Gg;ghij gjpf;Fk; tifapy; kl;Lk; ,e;jpahtpd; fld; ghf;fp 177.5 kpy;ypad; gTz;L vd;wJ. ,e;jpahtpy; KjyPLfs; njha;T epiyia vl;baNghJ gphpl;b~; muR ,q;fpyhe;jpd; jdpahhplkpUe;J KjyPLfis ngw;Wf;nfhz;lJ. ,t;thW ngwg;gl;l KjYf;F cWjpahf 5 rjtPj tl;bia ];nlh;ypq;fpy; toq;f xg;Gjy; toq;fg;gl;bUe;jJ. ,e;j tifapy; kl;LNk ,e;jpahtpw;F 220 kpy;ypad; gTz;Lfs; vd;w mstpy; ,og;G Vw;gl;lJ.

,e;jpahtpy; ele;j nry;ttsf; flj;jy; (Drain of Wealth) vd;w ,g;Nghf;if th;zpf;Fk; jhjhgha; nesNuh[p ,t;tsq;fs; ,e;jpahtpNyNa jq;fpapUe;jhy; ,e;j ehL nropj;jpUf;Fk;. NkYk; $Wifapy; mth; f[pdp KfkJtpd; nfhs;is gjpndl;L KiwNahL epd;Wtpl> gphpl;b~hhpd; nfhs;isNah Kbtpy;yhky; njhlh;fpwJ vd;whh;.

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UNIT- II : Social issues in India and Tamil Nadu 23. Discuss the role of NGO’s in Social Welfare

r%f eyj;jpy; jd;dhh;t njhz;L epWtdq;fspd; gq;F gw;wp tpthjp

jd;dhh;t mikg;gfs; kw;Wk; muR rhuh mikg;Gfspd; gq;F

• nfhs;if nray;gLj;Jjypy; muR rhuh epWtdq;fs; Kf;fpa gq;F tfpf;fpwJ. Kjy; Ie;jhz;L jpl;l tiuT VL nghJj;jpl;l nray;gLj;Jjypy; muR rhuh mikg;Gfspd; gq;fpid typAWj;JfpwJ. ,Ue;jNghjpYk;> VohtJ Ie;jhz;L jpl;l tiuT VL Cuf tsh;r;rpapy; muR rhuh mikg;Gfs; gq;fpid Fwpj;J KOikahf tpthpf;fpwJ.

• mtw;wpd; gzpfspy; rpy fPNo tpsf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ> mitahtd: a. murpd; jpl;lq;fspy; re;jh;gq;fisAk; Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jy;.

b. fpuhk kf;fspd; eyDf;fhf Nrit Ghpjy; c. jpl;lq;fspy; vspik> GJik> nefpo;r;rp jd;ik> rpf;fdk; EZf;fq;fis

GFj;jp cs;@h; kf;fis mjpy; nghWg;Gzh;TlDk; Nkw;nfhs;Sjy; e. muR mwptpj;j eyj;jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; tsh;r;rp jpl;lq;fisg; gw;wpa

jfty;fis kf;fSf;F tpsf;Fjy;. f. cs;@h; kf;fspilNa Ra rhh;G vz;zj;ij J}z;Ljy;. g. cs;@h; kf;fis cs;@h; tsq;fisAk; nghUl;fisAk; kdpj tsj;ijAk;

cgNahfpf;Fk;gb nra;jy;. h. Cuf twpNahh;f;F fpilf;Fk; vspa njhopl;El;gq;fis gad;gLj;j

gapw;Wtpj;jy;. i. cs;@h; tsq;fis gad;gLj;jp jd;dpiwT ngw kf;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jjy; j. cs;@h; tsh;r;rpapy; nghJJiw epWtdq;fspd; gq;fpidAk; nghWg;GfisAk;

gw;wp nghJ kf;fSf;F tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gLj;Jjy;.

• VohtJ Ie;jhz;L jpl;l tiuT VL ehl;bd; tsh;r;rpapy; nghJkf;fspd; gq;fspg;gpd; Kf;fpaj;Jtj;ij typAWj;JfpwJ. mjpfhu th;f;fj;jpdhpd; rhh;gpdhy; kl;LNk tsh;r;rp Nehf;fq;fis KOikahf mile;Jtpl KbahJ.

• jpl;l tiuT VL Cuf gFjpfspy; jd;dhh;t mikg;Gfspd; gq;fspg;gpid milahg;gLj;JfpwJ.

• mitfs;: a. xUq;fpize;j Cuf tsh;r;rp Cuf epykw;Nwhh; Ntiy tha;g;G cWjpaspg;Gj;

jpl;lk; / TRYSEM

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b. epy cr;rtuk;G jpl;lj;ij nray;gLj;Jjy; kw;Wk; cghp epyq;fis gfph;e;J mspj;jy;.

c. tptrha njhopyhsh;fspd; Fiwe;jgl;r cjpaj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;Jjy; d. nfhj;jbik njhopyhsh;fis milahsq;fz;L kWtho;T mspj;jy;. e. ghJfhf;fg;gl;l FbePh; tpepNahfk;> rKjha xj;Jiog;Gld; FbePh; tpdpNahf

Kiwia rhpnra;J guhkhpj;jy;. f. fhL tsh;g;G> r%f fhLfs;> caph;thA kw;Wk; khw;W Mw;wy; %yq;fspd;

tsh;r;rpailar; nra;jy; (#hpa> fhw;whiy Mw;wy;> Gifaw;w mLg;G Mfpad)

g. FLk;g fl;LghL jpl;lj;ij Cf;Ftpj;jy; h. Muk;g Rfhjhuk;> njhONeha; xopg;G> b.gp. ghh;itapd;ik kw;Wk; jLg;G

kUj;J jpl;lq;fs; kw;Wk; fpuhk tsq;fis gad;gLj;Jjy; i. fpuhk kfsph; kw;Wk; Foe;ijfs; eyj;jpl;lq;fs; j. Foe;ijfSf;fhd Muk;g> Jtf;f eLepiy gs;sp fy;tp kw;Wk; taJ

te;Njhh; fy;tp kw;Wk; Kiwrhuh kw;Wk; Kiw rhh; fy;tp Kiwfspy; Gjpa mZFKiwfisAk; Fiwe;j nryT kw;Wk; khw;W Kiwfisg; GFj;Jjy;.

k. Efh;Nthh; ghJfhg;G> $l;LwT Jiwia Cf;Ftpj;jy; l. ifj;njhopy;fs; kw;Wk; fpuhk Fbirj; njhopy;fis Cf;Ftpj;jy; m. mwptpay; kw;Wk; njhopy;El;gj;ij gug;Gjy; n. rl;l fy;tp

o. Cuf FbapUg;G – Nrhpfis Nkk;gLj;Jjy; p. Rw;Wr;#oy; Nkk;ghL q. Clfq;fspd; topNa jfty;fs; gug;Gjy; kw;Wk; Cf;Ftpj;jy;

• rQ;rpj; uha;> fpuhkq;fspy; jd;dhh;t njhz;L mikg;Gfspd; gq;F kw;Wk; Kf;fpa gzpfis tpthpf;fpwhh;.

a. murhq;f Kaw;rpfSf;F Jiz GhpfpwJ

b. fpuhk mstpy; kf;fspd; czh;Tfis ntspg;gLj;Jk; mikg;ghf nray;gLfpwJ

c. $l;L Kaw;rpf;F cjhuzk;

d. gpujpgypf;Fk; mikg;ghf nray;gLfpwJ

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e. jfty;fis gug;GfpwJ

f. cs;@h;> fpuhk kf;fSf;F cs;@h; %yq;fis mth;fs; tsh;r;rpf;F vg;gb gad;gLj;JtJ vd;gij czh;j;JfpwJ.

g. jd;dpiwT ngw;w rKjhaj;ij cUthf;FfpwJ

h. jd;dhh;t gzpapy; jd;dhh;t njhz;L mikg;Gfs; Rw;Wr;#oy; ghJfhg;G> twpath;f;F rl;l cjtp> Efh;Nthh; ghJfhg;G kdpj chpikfs; ghJfhg;G> mhp[d kw;Wk; goq;Fbapdh; tsh;r;rp> Foe;ijfs; eyd; Mfpa rkfhy rKjha gpur;ridfspy; jq;fis ,ay;G> gz;Gfs; nfhs;if Nehf;F> gpd;Gyk; Mfpatw;why; NtWgl;litahFk;.

• xU Gwk; gioik> kdpj khz;ghsh;fs; r%f jilfs; kWGwk; gpzp gl;bdp nfhLikfs; vd mbg;gil r%f kW $l;likg;G xd;iwj; jtpu kPl;rpf;F topapy;iy.

• fhe;jPak;> khh;f;rPak;> kjk; rhh;e;j njhopy;rhh;> murpay; fl;rpfspd; mikg;Gfs; ePz;lfhy murpay; epiyg;ghsh;fs; kw;wk; r%f ,af;fq;fs;> ,sk; El;gtpayhsh;fspd; khw;W Kiw Efh;T Mfpait jd;dhh;t njhz;L mikg;gpd; Gjpa rthy;fshFk;.

• rpy mikg;Gfs; may;ehl;L gapw;rp ngw;W mjpfhuKilajhfTk;> rpy KOikahf cs;ehl;L epWtdkhfTk; may;ehl;L epjpajtp ngWtjhfTk; ,Uf;Fk;. kw;witfs; may;ehl;L epjpAjtpfis kWg;gdthfTk;> rpy Njitahdth;fSf;F Nritahw;wf; $bajhftk; ,Uf;Fk;. kw;w mikg;Gfs; Nrit nra;tNjhL kl;Lk; jd;id epWj;jpf;nfhs;shky; kf;fis xUq;fpizj;J mth;fSf;F Ntz;ba cjtpfisAk; nra;fpwJ.

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24. Mention the factors which facilitate for women empowerment ngz;fs; mjpfhu jpwid tsh;g;gjw;fhd fhuzpfis vOJf - murpaypy; mjpfhuk; mspj;jy; - nghUshjhu mjpfhuk; - r%f mq;fPfhuk; kw;Wk; mjpfhuk; - kfsph; Ra cjtpf;FOf;fs; - murpaypy; ,l xJf;fPL - fy;tp Ntiytha;g;gpy; Kd;Dhpik - muR eyj;jpl;lq;fs;

25. Write a note on the following

gpd;tUtdtw;Ws; rpWFwpg;G tiuf a. Prime Minister Modi’s five-point programme to combat terrorism

jPtputhjj;ij xopg;gjw;F gpujk ke;jphp Nkhbapd; Ie;J-mk;r jpl;lq;fs;

,e;j gpur;rpidfis jPh;g;gjw;fhf gpujkh; Nkhb jdJ 5 mk;rj;jpl;lj;ij ntspapl;lhh;. gpupf;]; ehLfs; ,e;j topia vt;thW milayhk; vd cyf ehLfspd; rthy; vd;w jiyg;gpy; NgRk;NghJ Fwpg;gpl;lhh;.

1. gd;dhl;L epiy kw;Wk; tzpf epWtdq;fis Nkk;gLj;Jtjpd; %ykhf

rPh;jpUj;jg;gl;l gd;Kfj;jd;ik milayhk;.

2. vuprf;jp ghJfhg;G kw;Wk; khw;W vuprf;jpia milAk; top.

3. Nguplh; jhf;Fjy; kW mikjp fl;likg;ig cUthf;Ftjw;F ,e;jpah $l;lzp mikf;f Kaw;rp vLf;Fk;.

4. jpwikkpF Ntiyahspfis vspjhf gy ehLfSf;F gazpf;f mDkjp toq;f Ntz;Lk;.

5. gaq;futhjj;ij jLf;f cyf khehl;il ,e;jpah elj;Jtjw;F Kd; tUtjhf mwptpj;jhh;.

b. UN Countering Terrorist Travel Programme I.eh. jPtputhj gaz jLg;Gj;jpl;lk; epa+rpyhe;J jPtputhj jhf;FjYf;F gpwF cyf ehLfs; xd;W $b fpiu]; rh;r; miog;G vd;w ngahpy; jPtputhj gazj; jLg;Gf;F vjpuhf Nkw;nfhz;l jPh;khdk;.

26. Write a short on the following personalities gpd;tUk; egh;fs; gw;wp rpWFwpg;G tiuf a. King of Clay / fspkz; jiuapd; kd;dd;

• uNgy; elhy;> ,UKiw rhk;gpad; ill;by; ntd;whh;. 12tJ Mlth; xgd; rpq;fps; ilby;> lhkpdpf; jpak; f;F vjpuhf ntd;whh;. 2018y;> kWNghl;b ele;jNghJ 6-3> 5-7> 6-1> 6-1 vd;w fzf;fpy; ntd;whh;. ,jd; Mlth; - xw;iwah; nufhh;il khw;wpdhh;. 11 Kiw ntw;wpngw;w> nufhh;il khh;fnul; Nfhh;l; cld; nrd;w Kiw gfph;e;j ,th;> mij Kwpabj;J> 12tJ Kiw ntd;whh;.

17 | Page

• elhy; 18 Kiw fpuhz;l; ];yhl; xw;iwah; jhl;biy ntd;wth;> Nuh[h; ngluh; 20 Kiw ntd;wth;. rpNkhdh `Nyg; Mg; M];jpNuypah> vjph;j;J MLk; rhk;gpad;. fhy; ,Wjpapy; mke;jh mdp]pNkhthtplk; Njhw;whh;. mdp]pNkhth kpfr; rpwe;j Ml;lf;fhuh;.

b. Volodymyr Zelenskiy / tpshbkph; nryd;];fp

• ,th; cf;iuidr; Nrh;e;j murpay;thjp> jpiu vOj;jhsh;> ebfh;> eifr;Ritahsh; kw;Wk; ,af;Feh;.

• ,th; 20.05.2019 md;W MwhtJ mjpguhfg; gjtpNaw;whh;.

c. Rana Dasgupta / uhzh jh];Fg;jh 2019 – jh$h; ,yf;fpa tpUJ

d. Gomathi / Nfhkjp

➢ fj;jhh; ehl;bd; Njhfhtpy; rkPgj;jpy; eilg;ngw;w Mrpa jlfs rhk;gpad;~pg; Nghl;bapy; 800 kPl;lh; Xl;lg;ge;jaj;jpy; jq;fk; ntd;wth; Nfhkjp khhpKj;J

e. Prof. Sree Srinath / Nguhrphpah; = =ehj;

Prof. Sree Sreenath, President, Sewa International, and long-time faculty at Case Western Reserve University, was inducted into the Cleveland International Hall of Fame, along with five other inductees.

27. Write a short note on the following gpd;tUtdtw;Wf;F rpWFwpg;G tiuf

a. Religious violence / kj td;Kiw

o fhyp];jhd; td;Kiw (rPf;fpa td;Kiw) o ,e;J K];ypk; td;Kiw o tlfpof;F td;Kiw

b. Dimensions of Communalism / tFg;Gthjj;jpd; ghpkhzq;fs;

1. xUq;fpize;j tFg;Gthjk; (Assimilationist Communalism) rpwpa kjf; FOf;fs; my;yJ gphpTfs; nghpa kjf; FOf;fs; my;yJ gphpTfSld; xUq;fpiztjhFk;. ,j;jifa tFg;GthjkhdJ jho;j;jg;gl;l kf;fs; midtUk; ,e;Jf;fNs vd;Wk;> rkz> rPf;fpa kw;Wk; Gj;j rkaq;fis rhh;e;j midtUk; ,e;Jf;fNs vd;Wk;> mth;fs; midtUk; ,e;J jpUkzr; rl;lj;jpd; fPo; nfhz;L tug;gl Ntz;Lk; vd;W NfhUfpd;wJ. 2. ey;tho;T tFg;Gthjk; (Welfarist Communalism) xU Fwpg;gpl;l r%fj;jpdh; jq;fsJ r%fj;jpdhpd; tho;f;if juj;jpid cah;j;JtNjhL> Rfhjhuk; kw;Wk; fy;tpf;fhd cjtpfisAk; nra;tjhFk;. (cjhuzkhf> fpwpj;Jth;fspd; eydpw;fhf fpwpj;Jt rq;fq;fs; nra;tJ) (NkYk;> ghh;rp r%fj;jpdh; mth;fsJ r%fj;jpdhpd; Nkk;ghl;bw;fhf ghLgLtJ) ,j;jifa r%f nray;ghLfs; midj;JNk xU Fwpg;gpl;l r%fj;jpw;fhf mjidr; rhh;e;j cWg;gpdh;fs; Mw;Wk; gzpahFk;.

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3. xJq;Fk; tFg;Gthjk; (Retreatist Communalism) rpwpa kjg; gphptpdh; murpaiy tpl;L tpyfpapUg;gjhFk;. cjhuzk; gfha; r%j;jpdh; murpay; nray;ghLfspy; jq;fsJ r%f cWg;gpdh;fs; gq;nfLj;Jf;nfhs;tij gfha; r%fk; mDkjpf;ftpy;iy. 4. gopthq;Fk; tFg;Gthjk; (Retaliatory Communalism) gpw kjj;ijr; rhh;e;jth;fSf;F NfL tpistpg;gNjhL> Ntjidg;gLj;jp> fhag;gLj;jKaw;rpg;gjhFk; 5. gphptpid tFg;Gthjk; (Separatist Communalism) xU kj my;yJ fyhr;rhu FO jq;fsJ Fwpg;gpl;l fyhr;rhuj;ij epiyepWj;jpf; nfhs;tjw;fhfTk;> ehl;bw;Fs;NsNa jdp uh[;ak; Ntz;Lk; vd;gjw;fhfTk; Nghuhl;lk; Nkw;nfhs;tNj gphptpid tFg;GthjkhFk;. v.fh. (m];]hkpy; NghNlhf;fs;> tlfpof;F ,e;jpahtpy; kpN]hf;fs; kw;Wk; ehfhf;fs;> gPfhhpy; [hh;fz;l; goq;Fbapdh;> Nkw;Ftq;fhsj;jpy;> Nfhh;fh epyj;jpw;fhf Nfhh;fhf;fs; NghuhLtJ> cj;jpug;gpuNjrj;jpy; kiytho;kf;fs; NghuhLtJ) 6. jdpehL NfhUk; tFg;G (Secessionist Communalism) Fwpg;gpl;l kjj;jpdh; jq;fSf;nfd;W murpay; mq;fPfhuk; fpilf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk;> Rje;jpukhd jdp ehL NfhUtJ. cjhuzkhf rPf;fpa kjj;ij rhh;e;j kpfTk; vz;zpf;ifapy; Fiwthd jPtputhjpfs; fhyp];jhd; vd;w jdpehL Ntz;Lk; vd NghuhLtJ> fh~;kPiu ,e;jpahtpypUe;J jdpehlhf gphpf;f NfhUk; td;Kiwfs;.

UNIT- III : General Aptitude & Mental Ability

28. Answer the following questions

gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp

a. When a pair of fair dice is rolled, what are the probabilities of getting the sum 7 or 9 xU N[hb gfilfis cUl;Lk; NghJ mjd; $Ljy; 7 my;yJ 9 tu epfo;jfT fhz;f.

Solution:

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b. A die is rolled. If it shows an odd number, then find the probability of getting 5. xU gfilia xU Kiw cUl;Lk;NghJ xU xw;iwg;gil vz; fpilf;Fk; vdpy;> 5 fpilg;gjw;fhd epfo;jfT vd;d?

Solution: Total = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}. If it shows an odd number then Sample Space S = {1, 3, 5}.

probability of getting 5 = ( )

( )1

3

n E

n S=

c. A box contains 3 red and 4 blue socks. Find the probability of choosing two socks of

same colour. xU ngl;bapy; 3 rptg;G kw;Wk; 4 ePy epw fhy; ciwfs; (socks) cs;sd. ,uz;L fhy; ciwfis xNu epwj;jpy; Nju;e;njLg;gjw;fhd epfo;jfT fhz;f.

Solution: Total number of socks = 3 + 4 = 7

No. of ways of selecting 2 socks = 7C2 =7 6

211 2

=

Same color [Either both are Red or both are blue]

Two socks of Red = 3C2 = 3 2

31 2

=

Two socks of Blue = 4C2 = 4 3

61 2

=

Probability = ( )

( )3 6 9 3

21 21 7

n E

n S

+= = =

29. Three containers have their volumes in the ratio 3:4:5. They are full of mixtures of milk

and water. The mixtures contain milk and water in the ratio of 4:1, 3:1 and 5:2 respectively. The contents of all these three containers are poured into a fourth container. The ratio of milk and water in the 4th container is %d;W fyd;fspd; fd msTfs; 3 : 4 : 5 tpfpjj;jpYs;sd. mitfspy; ghy; kw;Wk; ePh;f;fyitfs; epiwe;Js;sd. mitfspy; KiwNa ghYk;> jz;zPUk; 4:1> 3:1 kw;Wk; 5:2 fye;Js;sd. ,e;jf; fyitfs; xU ehd;fhtJ fydpy; Cw;wg;gLfpd;wd vdpy;> ehd;fhtJ fydpy; ghYk; jz;zPUk; ,Uf;Fk; tpfpjk;.

Let the volumes of three containers be 3 litres, 4 litres and 5 litres

respectively

Container 1:

Milk = 4 3 12

5 5

= litres. Water =

3

5 litres.

Container 2:

Milk = 4 3

4

= 3 litres Water = 1 litres.

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Container 3:

Milk = 5 5 25

7 7

= litres Water =

10

7 litres

Required ratio in container 4:

= 12 25 3 10

3 : 15 7 5 7

+ + + +

= 84 105 125 21 35 50

:35 35

+ + + +

= 314 106

:35 35

= 157 : 53

30. Answer the following questions

gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp

a. Divide Rs. 1586 into 3 parts so that the respective amounts at 5 per cent in 2, 3, 4 years respectively, same interest in all three cases. &.1>586 %d;W ghfq;fshf gphpf;f> mit KiwNa 2> 3> 4 Mz;Lfspy; 5 rjtPjk; tl;b tpfpjj;jpy; rkkhd jdptl;b njhifia ju Ntz;Lk;.

Let Sum of money Rs. x, y and z.

x + y + z = 1568 SI = PNR

100

S.I1 = S.I2 = S.I3

x×2×5 y×3×5 z×4×5= =

100 100 100

10x = 15y = 20z LCM of 10,15,20=60

10x=60 15y=60 20z=60

x= 6 y=4 z=3

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b. Find out the compound interest on Rs.1,25,000 for 9 months at 8% per annum compounded quarterly. &.1>25>000f;F Mz;Lf;F 8 rjtPjk; vd;w tl;btPjj;jpy; 9 khj fhyj;jpw;F> fhyhz;Lf;F xU Kiw fzf;fpLtjd; mbg;gilapy; vt;tsT $l;Ltl;b fpilf;Fk;?

31. Answer the following questions gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp

a. Find 1’s Complement and 2’s Complement for the following Decimal number : (-135)10

nfhLf;fg;gl;Ls;s (-135)10 vd;w jrk vz;zpw;F 1 kw;Wk; 2 –d; epug;gpia fhz;f.

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b. What are ethical issues? Name some. newpKiw rpf;fy; vd;why; vd;d? ngah;fis vOJf

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SECTION – C 7 x 15 = 105

Answer any SEVEN question only out of TEN questions. Answer not exceeding 250 words each

UNIT- I : Modern history of India and Indian culture 32. Give a detailed note on Peasant and Tribal Revolt

tptrhapfs; kw;Wk; goq;Fbapdh; Gul;rp gw;wp tphpthf vOJf

tptrhapfs; ,af;fq;fs;

,af;fk; ,lk; jiyth;fs; fhuzq;fs; gfy;ge;jp]; (1824-32)

tq;fhsk; fuk; ~h> jpg;G ~h> fhNuh goq;Fbapdh;

tq;fhsj;jpy; Fj;jif mjpfhpg;ig vjph;j;J

khg;sh fpsh;r;rp (1921)

kyghh; gFjp Nfush

iraJ myp> iraJ gh~py;

,e;J [hkPd;jhh;fs; kw;Wk; gphpb~; murhq;fj;jhy; K];yPk; khg;sh tptrhapfs; xLf;fg;gl;ldh;.

,z;bNfh fpsh;r;rp (1860)

ehjpah khtl;lk;> tq;fhsk;

jpfk;gh; gp~;th];> gp];Z gp~;th];. `hp]; re;jpuh Kfh;[p

Inuhg;gpa Miy Kjyhspfshy; tptrhapfs; fl;lhakhf ,z;bNfhit tptrhak; nra;a tw;GWj;jg;gl;ldh;. jPdge;Jkpj;uh ePyjh;gdpy; ,f;fyfj;ijg; gw;wp vOjpAs;shh;.

uhNkhrp fpsh;r;rp (1877-87)

k`huh~;buh> uhNkhrp

thRNjt; gy;te;j; gj;N`

gQ;rj;jpw;F vjpuhd eltbf;iffis gphpl;b~; muR vLf;ftpy;iy

ghg;dh tptrha Gul;rp (1873)

ghg;dh khtl;lk;> tq;fhsk;

~h re;jpu uha;> rk;G+ gl;Nly;

[kPd;jhh;fspd; tptrhapfs; mlf;Fkiwf;F vjpuhf Gul;rp Njhd;wpaJ. tq;fhs epyf;Fj;jif rl;lk; (1885) nfhz;L tug;gl;lJ.

G+Nd rh;t[dpf; rig (1870)

G+Nd vk;.[p.uhdNl tptrhapfspd; rl;l chpikia tYg;gLj;j

vfh ,af;fk; (1921)

mthj; kjhp ghh;rp thlif mjpfhpg;ig vjph;j;J

mfkjhghj; rj;jpafpufk; (1918)

mfkjhghj; fhe;jp> gl;Nly; -

rhk;gud; rj;jpahfpufk; (1917)

gPfhh; fhe;jp> lhf;lh; uhN[e;jpu gpurhj;> uh[;Fkhh; #f;yh

jPd;fj;jpah Kiwia vjph;j;J

Nfjh rj;jpahfpufk; (1918)

cj;jpug;gpuNjrk; fhe;jp gaph; tsh;r;rp ,y;yhj nghOJ epytUtha; Fiwg;ig vjph;j;J

cj;jpugpuNjrk; fp~hd; rig

cj;jpug;gpuNjrk; ,e;jpuh eiud; jptptpjp> kjd;

[kPd;jhhp Kiwia vjph;j;J

24 | Page

(1918) Nkhfd; khstpah mthj; fp~hd; rig (1920)

mthj; [t`h;yhy; NeU> ghgh uhk re;jpuh

tptrhapfis xUq;fpizf;f

Me;jpuh fyf mikg;G (1928)

Me;jpug;gpuNjrk; uq;fh [kPd;jhhp Kiwia mopf;f

midj;jpe;jpa fp~hd; rig (1936)

xUq;fpize;j khfhzk;

Rthkp rf[hde;jh nghUshjhu Ruz;lypypUe;J tptrhapfis ghJfhf;f

gpN[hypah ,af;fk; (1905> 191> 1916> 1927)

uh[];jhd; rPjhuhk; jh];> tp[a; gj;jpf; rpq;

tptrhapfSf;F Nghlg;gl;l 86 tifahd thpfis vjph;j;J

Njgfh ,af;fk; (1946)

tq;fhsk; fk;A+dp];Lfs; [kPd;jhh;fs; kw;Wk; epyf;fpohh;fis vjph;j;J

njYq;fhdh ,af;fk; (1945-51)

i`juhghj; - epyf;fpohh;fs; kw;Wk; i`juhghj; ep]hk; mYtyh;fis vjph;j;J

goq;Fbapdh; ,af;fq;fs;

goq;Fbapdh; Mz;L ,lk; [_thh; 1766-72 Kjy; epiy

1795-1816 tq;fhsj;jpy;> kpJdhG+h; nghpa ,af;fkhf khwpaJ

g`hpah]; 1778 g`hpah]hy; uh[hk`hy; kiyg;gFjpapy; elj;jg;gl;lJ.

Nfh 1820> 1822-32 rpq;G+k; mN`hk; 1828-1833 m];]hkpy; Nfhk;jh; fk;tuhy;

elj;jg;gl;lJ fhrp 1829-32 jPuj;rpq; ghh;khdpf; ,af;fj;ij

elj;jpdh; gPy;]; 1817-19> 1825> 1831> 1847 fhe;Nj~;> Nrtuhkhy; elj;jg;gl;lJ NfhyP]; 1824> 1829> 1839> 1844-48 rhaj;jphp kiy (Nkw;F njhlh;r;rp)>

F[uhj;> k`huh~;buk; Nfhah]; 1840-1924 uk;gh (Me;jpu gpuNjrj;jpd; Nfhjhthp

gFjp) mY}hp rPjhuhkuh[_thy; elj;jg;gl;lJ

re;jhy; 1855-56 rpj;J}> fd;Fthy; gPfhhpy; uh[k`hy; kiyg;gFjpapy; elj;jg;gl;lJ

fr;rehfh 1882 rpk;G+jk; mth;fshy; m];]hk; rr;rhh; gFjpapy; elj;jg;gl;lJ

eha;flh 1858-59 &g;rpq; N[hhpahgfj;jhy; F[uhj; gQ;r k`hy; gFjpapy; elj;jg;gl;lJ

Kz;lh 1899-90 gPh;]hKz;lhthy; Nrl;lhehf;G+h; gFjpapy; elj;jg;gl;lJ

gPy;]; 1913 Nfhtpe;j FUthy;> uh[];jhd; gd;];tuh gFjpapy; elj;jg;gl;lJ

Ff;fP]; 1917-19 [Nlheq;fpdhy; kzpg;G+hpy; elj;jg;gl;lJ

uNkh]p 1939 uh[hgpujhg; rpq;fpdhy; elj;jg;gl;lJ nrQ;#]; 1921-22 Me;jpu gpuNjrk; ehfh 1905-31 [Nlheq;> nfa;bE}Ythy; ehfhyhe;jpy;

elj;jg;gl;lJ

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33. Write a detailed note on Subash Chandra Bose’s last war of Independence.

Rgh~; re;jpu Nghrpd; filrp Rje;jpug; Nghh; gw;wp tpthpj;J vOJf - ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtk; n[h;kdpapy; kw;Wk; mjd; gq;fspg;G - ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtk; rpq;fg;g+h; - ,e;jpa Njrpa ,uhZtk; gilnaLg;G ,e;jpahtpy;

34. Give a detailed note on Dalit Movement in India ,e;jpa jypj; ,af;fk; gw;wp Fwpg;G tiuf - N[hjpgh g+Ny - mk;Ngj;fh; - ghG n[f[Ptd; uhk; - mNahj;jpjhr gz;bjh; - nul;il kiy =epthrd; - vk;.rp. uh[h - mad; fhis Nghd;w jiyth;fspd; gq;fspg;G

UNIT- II: Social issues in India and Tamil Nadu

35. Discuss Social changes in India ,e;jpahtpy; r%f khw;wq;fs; Fwpj;J tpthjp

r%f khw;wj;jpd; rpwg;Gf; $Wfs; (Special Features of Social Change) r%f khw;wj;jpd; rpwg;gpay;Gfshtd:

• r%f khw;wk; cyfshtpaJ. ve;j r%fKk; Njf;f kiltjpy;iy. Mjpthrp r%fkhapDk; khw;wj;Jf;Fl;gl;litNa. khw;wj;jpd; tPr;Rk; NtfKk; Ntz;Lkhapd; tpj;jpahrkhf ,Uf;fyhk;.

• r%f khw;wk; r%fk; KOtjpYk; Vw;glf; $ba khw;wkhFk;. jdpegh; my;yJ xU rpyhpd; tho;f;ifapy; Vw;gLk; khw;wk; r%f khw;wkhfhJ.

• r%fkhw;wg; guty; xNu rPuhf ,Ug;gjpy;iy. rpy r%fq;fspy; khw;wk; nkJthfTk;> rpy r%fq;fspy; khw;wk; NtfkhfTk; eilngWfpwJ. ,e;j khw;w Ntfk; r%fj;Jf;F r%fk; NtWgl;bUf;Fk;.

• r%f khw;wk; ,aw;if epajpf;Fl;gl;lJ. vdpDk; ,e;epajpf;Fl;gl;L kdpjj; NjitfSf;Nfw;g jpl;lkpl;l r%f khw;wKk; epfo;tJz;L. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf FLk;gj;ijf; fl;Lg;gLj;Jtjd; %ykhf r%ff; fl;Lf;Nfhg;igf; fl;Lf;Fs; itf;fyhk;.

• r%f khw;wj;ij Kd;fzpg;G nra;a KbahJ. r%f khw;wk; ,aw;if epajpf;F cl;gl;ljhapDk; me;j epajp vd;d vd;gijj; jPh;khdpf;f ,ayhJ. ,aw;$whd rl;lk; vd;W vJTkpy;iy. ,Ug;gpDk; r%f rPh;jjpUj;jj;jpd; %yk; rhjpKiwia xopf;fyhk; vd;gjw;fhd khw;W Kaw;rpia Nkw;nfhs;syhk;.

• r%f khw;wk; fhyj;NjhL njhlh;GilaJ. fhyk; fdpatpy;iyahapd; r%f khw;wk; Mik Ntfj;jpy; ,Uf;Fk;. fhyk; fdpe;Jtpl;lhy; r%f khw;wk; tpiutilAk;. ,e;jpah tpLjiy ngWtjw;FKd; r%f khw;wk; efk;Nghy kpfTk; nkJthf tsh;r;rpaile;jJ. ehL tpLjiy ngw;w gpd;dh; r%f khw;wk; jiyKbNghy; Ntfkhf tsh;fpwJ!

• r%f khw;wk; rq;fpypj;njhlh; Nghd;wJ. r%fj;jpd; xU gFjpapy; Vw;glf;$ba khw;wk; gpw gFjpfSf;Fk; tphptilaf; $baJ. vLj;Jf;fhl;lhf njhopy;kakhjy;.

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• r%f khw;wk; gy fhuzpfspd; $l;L tpisthFk;. njhopy;El;gk; my;yJ nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp my;yJ Rw;Wr; #oy; Nghd;w jdpg;gl;l fhuzpfshy; r%f khw;wk; Vw;gLfpwJ vd;W fUjg;gl;lJ. Mdhy; ,d;W ,e;epiyg;ghl;by; khw;wk; Vw;gl;L r%f khw;wj;Jf;Fg; gy fhuzpfs; cz;L vd;W $wg;gLfpwJ. ,jw;Ff; fhuzk; r%fg; gFjpfs; xd;iwnahd;W rhh;e;jpUg;gNjahFk;.

• r%f khw;wk; jpUj;jp mikg;gjd; (Modification) %ykhfNth my;yJ khw;wp mikg;gjd; (Replacement) %ykhfNth epfof;$Lk;. kJtpyf;if (Prohibition) ,jw;F vLj;Jf;fhl;lhff; $wyhk;.

r%f khw;wj;jpw;fhd fhuzpfs; caphpay; kf;fs; njhif fhuzpfs; - r%fj;jpy; kf;fs; njhif xU Kf;fpa gq;F tfpf;fpwJ. kf;fs; njhif fyitapy; khw;wq;fs; ,U;ejhy;> mJ r%fj;jpy; gpujpgypf;fpwJ. fyit vd;W nrhy;Yk;NghJ> ehk; mikg;igf; Fwpg;gpLfpNwhk;. mjhtJ ghypd tpfpjk;. r%fj;jpy; rkepiyia guhkhpg;gjw;F Mz;> ngz; ghypd tpfpjk; 1:1 vd;w mstpy; ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk;. me;j tpfpjj;jpy; khw;wk; ,Ue;jhy; r%fj;jpy; khw;wk; Vw;gLfpwJ. Mz;fspd; vz;zpf;ifia tpl ngz;fspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfkhf ,Ue;jhy;;> mth;fspd; epiy kw;Wk; juk; Fiwe;JtpLfpwJ. Vndd;why; gyjhu kzj;jpw;F tha;g;G Vw;gLfpwJ. mJNt Mz;fspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfkhf ,Ue;jhy;> ngz;fspd; ju;k cah;fpwJ. ngz;zpw;fhd tpiy mjpfhpf;fpwJ (goq;Fbapdh; r%fj;jpy;). taJf; FO – Foe;ijg; gUtk;> taJg; gUtk; kw;Wk; KJikg; gUtk;. Foe;ijfspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfkhf ,Ue;jhy;> kf;fs; njhif ngUf;fk; nkJthf ,Uf;Fk;. taJ te;jth;fspd; vz;zpf;if mjpfkhf ,U;ejhy;> r%fj;jpy; tpiuthd khw;wk; Vw;gLk;> Vndd;why; mth;fs; ngUk;ghYk; Kiwahf tho;gth;fs;. Kjpath;fs; mjpfkhf ,U;ejhy;> mth;fs; khw;wj;ij tpUk;g khl;lhh;fs;. vdNt> r%fj;jpy; Fog;gNk epyTk;. Foe;ijg; ngUf;fj;ijg; nghWj;j tiu jpUkz epiy – ngz;fs; rpWtajpNyNa jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lhy;> kf;fs; njhif mjpfkhFk;. mq;Nf RfhjhuKk; mghaj;jpw;F cs;shFk;. ngz;fspd; epiy FiwAk;. ngz;fs; fhyk; fle;J jpUkzk; nra;J nfhz;lhy;> fh;g;gk; jhpf;Fk; jpwd; FiwAk;. kf;fs; njhif vz;zpf;ifapy; khw;wk; - gpwg;G tPjk; kw;Wk; ,wg;G tPjk;. gpwg;G tPjk; mjpfkhf ,Ue;jhy; mJ epiwa gpur;rpidfis cz;lhf;FfpwJ. khy;j]; mth;fspd; kf;fs; njhif fUj;J – ngUshjhuk;. mjpf kf;fs; njhif – Vo;ikAk;> Ntiytha;g;gpd;ikAk; mjpfhpf;Fk;. ,wg;G tPjk; - kdpjdpd; Mw;wy; FiwfpwJ. FbtuT kw;Wk; FbNaw;wk; (Immigration & Emigration) – 1. ehl;bw;Fs; tUif jUtJ. 2. ehl;il tpl;L ntspNaWjy;. fyhr;rhug; gpur;rpidfis cUthf;fp> mjpf kf;fs; njhifapy; KbfpwJ. 2. %is – kOq;Fjy; gpur;rpid. ,aw;iff; fhuzpfs; - ,aw;ifg; NguopTfs;> nts;sq;fs;> Neha;j; njhw;Wfs; Mfpait r%fj;ijg; ghjpj;J r%f cwT kw;Wk; mjd; mikg;ig ghjpf;fpwJ. kf;fs; Raeyk; nfhz;lth;fshf khWfpd;wdh;. mth;fs; jq;fSf;F czT fpilg;gijg; gw;wpNa ftiyg;gLfpwhh;fs;. njhopy;El;gf; fhuzpfs; ve;jpukakhf;fy; kw;Wk; r%f khw;wk; - ve;jpuq;fs; ngz;fs; Ntiy nra;tjw;F tha;g;Gfis Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhLj;jd. r%f Vzpapy; ngz;fs; Kd;NdWtjw;F mit cjtpd. mNj rkak;> njhopy;El;g fhuzq;fshy;> rpWnjhopy;fs; moptpd; fhuzkhf

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Ntiyapy;yhj; jpz;lhl;lKk;> mjDld; njhlh;Gila ,ju gpur;rpidfSk; cUthf tha;g;G Vw;gLk;. efukakhf;fy; - Ntiy tha;g;Gfis khw;wpaikj;Js;sJ. Nghf;Ftuj;J trjp r%f njhlh;Gfis tphpthf;fpAs;sJ. jfty; njhlh;gpd; fhuzkhf tpopg;Gzh;T Vw;gl;Ls;sJ. mijj; njhlh;e;J nghOJNghf;Fk; mjpfhpj;Js;sJ. fyhr;rhu fhuzpfs; rk];fpUjkakhf;fy; rk];fpUjkakhf;fy; (sanskritisation) vd;w nrhy; vk;.vd;. =dpth]; mth;fshy; cUthf;fg;gl;lJ. ,jpy;> ‘jho;epiy’ my;yJ goq;Fbapd rKjhaj;ijr; Nrh;e;j my;yJ ,ju FOitr; Nrh;e;j kf;fs;> cah; r%f (Fwpg;ghf ,UKiw gpwf;Fk; rhjpapdh;) kf;fspd; gof;f tof;fq;fs;> rk;gpujhaq;fs;> rlq;Ffs;> ek;gpf;iffs;> rpj;jhe;jk; kw;Wk; tho;f;if Kiwiag; gpd;gw;Wfpwhh;fs;. rk];fpUjkakhf;fypd; jhf;fk; gy gf;fq;fisf; nfhz;lJ MFk;. mjd; jhf;fj;ij nkhop> ,yf;fpak;> rpj;jhe;jk;> ,ir> eldk;> ehlfk;> tho;f;if Kiw kw;Wk; rlq;Ffs; Mfpatw;wpy; fhz KbfpwJ. Nkw;Fkakhf;fy; vk;.vd;. =dpth]; mth;fs; Nkw;Fkakhf;fiy ,t;thW tiuaWf;fpwhh;> “150 Mz;L fhy Mq;fpNyah; Ml;rpapd; fhuzkhf ,e;jpa r%fk; kw;Wk; fyhr;rhuj;jpy; nfhz;Ltug;gl;Ls;s khw;wk;. ,e;j khwptUk; khw;wq;fs; njhopy;El;gk;> epWtdq;fs;> Nfhl;ghLfs; kw;Wk; kjpg;Gfs; Nghd;w gy;NtW epiyfspy; Vw;gLfpd;wd”. etPdkakhf;fy; etPdkakhf;fy; vd;w nrhy;Yf;F ePz;l tuyhW cz;L. 19Mk; E}w;whz;L kw;Wk; 20Mk; E}w;whz;by; ,e;j nrhy; Neh;kiwahd kw;Wk; tpUk;gj;jf;f kjpg;GfNshL ,izj;J gad;gLj;jg;gLfpwJ. kf;fSk; r%fKk; etPdkhf ,Uf;f Ntz;Lk; vd;W tpUk;Gfpd;wd. Ke;ija fhy fl;lq;fspy; etPdkakhf;fy; vd;w nrhy; njhopy;El;g Nkk;ghL kw;Wk; cw;gj;jp eilKiwfisf; Fwpf;fNt gad;gl;ld. jw;NghJ me;jr; nrhy;Yf;F kpfg; gutyhd gad;ghL cs;sJ. ,J Nkw;F INuhg;gh my;yJ tlf;F mnkhpf;fh vLj;Jf; nfhz;l tsh;r;rpg; ghijiaf; Fwpg;gplg; gad;gLfpwJ. mj;Jld;> ,ju r%fq;fs; midj;Jk; ,Nj tsh;r;rpg; ghijiag; gpd;gw;w Ntz;Lk; vd;Wk; tpUk;Gfpd;wd. kjrhh;gpd;ik gz;ila ,e;jpa ehfhpfj;jpy; kjj;jpd; jhf;fk; mjpfkhfNt ,Ue;jJ. Mdhy;> Nkw;Fkakhf;fy; jhf;fj;jpdhy;> rkPg fhyq;fspy; ,J kjrhh;gpd;ikahf khwp tUfpwJ. kjr;rhh;gpd;ik fhuzkhf> r%f epWTdq;fs;> ghuk;ghpaq;fs;> eilKiwfs; kw;Wk; gad;ghLfspy; kjj;jpd; jhf;fk; Fiwe;J nfhz;Nl te;J> me;j ,lq;fspy; gad;ghl;L Nehf;fq;fs; kw;Wk; jdpegh; rq;flq;fs; kdpj elj;ijfis Msj; njhlq;fpAs;sd. Rje;jpuj;jpw;Fg; gpwF ,e;jpa muR kjr;rhh;gpd;ik vd;w Nfhl;ghl;ilg; gpd;gw;WfpwJ. ,J kjrhh;gpd;ik nray;Kiwf;F cj;Ntfk; mspg;gjhf cs;sJ.

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[dehafj; jd;ik [dehafj;jd;ik vd;gJ ‘NkYk; rpwe;j [dehaf Kiwf;F khWtijf; Fwpg;gpLfpwJ’. nghUshjhu rkj;Jtk;> murpay; rkj;Jtk;> kpfr; rpwe;j fy;tp> ey;y rh;tNjr cwTfs;> njhopy;Jiw njhopy;El;gk;> fyhr;rhu kjpg;Gfs; kw;Wk; eLj;ju th;f;fj;jpd; tsh;r;rpAk;$l [dehafj; jd;ikia Nehf;fpa Kd;Ndw;wj;jpw;F gq;fspg;gjhf cs;sJ. murpay;kakhf;fy; murpay; fhuzq;fSk; $l> r%f khw;wj;jpw;F Kf;fpa gq;fhw;wpAs;sd. rhjPak;> tFg;Gthjk;> nkhopapay; rhtdprk;> gpuhe;jpathjk; Mfpait mtw;wpy; mlq;fpAs;s murpay; fhuq;fSf;fhf Cf;Ftpf;fg;gLfpd;wd. nghUshjhu fhuzpfs;

i. njhopy;kakhf;fy; ii. efukakhf;fy; iii. njhopy;El;g khw;wq;fs;

36. Give a detailed note on the magnitude of problem of population in India

,e;jpahtpy; kf;fs;njhif ngUf;fj;jpdhy; Vw;gLk; ghjpg;Gfs; ahit? ❖ kpifahd kf;fs;njhifapd; tpisTfs; ❖ kf;fs;njhifAk; tWikAk;

❖ Ntiyapd;ikAk; FiwNtiyAilikAk;

❖ Fiwe;j jyhtUkhdk;

❖ czT gw;whf;Fiw

❖ r%f Nky;nghWg;G Rikfs; mjpfhpg;G

❖ kf;fs;njhifAk; njhopyhsh; jpwikAk;

❖ kf;fs;njhifAk; tho;f;ifj;juKk;

❖ kf;fs;njhifAk; epyj;jpd; kPJ mOj;jKk;

❖ rhh;e;jpUf;Fk; Efh;Nthh; vz;zpf;if mjpfhpg;G

❖ ke;jkhd nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp

❖ murpaypy; mikjpapd;ik

❖ tPl;Ltrjp gpur;rpid

❖ Rr;Rr;#oy; khRgLJy;

❖ fy;tp gpur;rpid – midtUf;Fk; fy;tpaspj;jy; vd;gJ muRf;F kpfTk; fbdkhd

nrayhfpwJ.

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37. What are the problems of minorities and human right issues in India? ,e;jpahtpy; rpWghd;ikapdh; vjph;nfhs;Sk; gpur;ridfs; kw;Wk; kdpj chpik kPwy;fs; ahit? - nkhopr; rpWghd;ikapdh; - kjr; rpWghd;ikapdh; - Foe;ijfs; - ngz;fs; - cly; CdKw;Nwhh; - %d;whk; ghypdj;jth; - KjpNahh;fs; - mfjpfs;

MfpNahhpd; gpur;ridfs; Fwpj;J vOJf

38. Answer the following questions gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp a. Water Security in India

,e;jpahtpy; ePh; ghJfhg;G

Causes of Water Scarcity Increasing population pressure leads to increase in the demand for food and this creates an additional demand for water. Large scale urbanization and industrialization. Over-exploitation of ground water. Water use efficiency in India is far below most of the developed countries, primarily due to improper water conservation measures. Farmers in India have been traditionally practicing flow irrigation which results in wastage of water. Pollution of water resources - leaking of untreated industrial wastes into water bodies resulting in contamination by arsenic, chromium etc. Climate change may also cause a rise in the sea level, leading to salinity intrusion in ground water aquifers/ surface waters. Expansion of irrigated agriculture and changing cropping pattern towards water intensive crops (e.g., sugarcane, paddy). Steps taken by the Government Ministry of Water Resources, River Development & Ganga Rejuvenation has constituted an Inter-Ministerial Group for looking into issues of arsenic mitigation. Ministry of Water Resources, RD & GR has also launched Jal Kranti Abhiyan to consolidate water conservation and management in the country through an integrated approach involving all stakeholders, making it a mass movement.

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Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) was launched to improve water-use efficiency in irrigation. National Water Policy, 2012 proposes a framework for creation of a system of laws and institutions and for a plan of action with a unified national perspective for water security. Prevention of Losses, Wastage and Pollution According to the Central Water Commission (CWC), improvint current water use efficiency could save up to 23% water from all the sectors. Proper treatment of municipal water and recycling it for consumption will reduce pollution in natural water bodies and reduce pressure on freshwater sources. Promotion of groundwater banking Through rainwater harvesting and replenishing groundwater resources. Identifying aquifers which are easy to recharge. Preserve, Conserve and Restore Wetlands and Traditional Practices Wetlands play a vital role in water recycling and absorbing the intensities of droughts and floods. Traditionally, societal ownership can go a long way in promoting conservation and equitable distribution. Partnerships Strong collaboration among multiple stakeholders and government ministries. Inclusive and integrated water resource management (which includes social, environmental, economic and political dimensions) Pricing, Market Mechanisms and Capitalization Robust public-private partnerships, advanced technologies and the introduction of market mechanisms (such as industry water cap and trade mechanisms to promote efficient usage of water.

b. Rural Poverty, its causes and remedial measures

Cuf tWikf;fhd fhuzq;fs; kw;Wk; jPh;Tfs;

Cuf tWikf;fhd fhuzq;fs;

1. epyq;fs; rhpahf gphpf;fg;glhik: Cuf epyg;gFjpfs; xU rpyhplNk Ftpe;J fhzg;gLfpwJ. ngUk;ghd;ik fpuhkkf;fs; jq;fs; FLk;g NjitfSf;fhf me;epyq;fspy; $ypf;F Ntiy nra;fpd;wdh;.

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2. gz;iz rhuhj njhopy;fspy; Ntiytha;g;gpd;ik: mjpfhpf;Fk; ciog;ghsh;fspd; vz;zpf;iff;F Vw;g gz;iz rhuhj njhopy;fs; tsutpy;iy. kpFjpahd njhopyhsh;fs; Cufg;gFjpfspy; cs;sgbahy; Fiwthd $ypiaNa ngWfpd;wdh;. ,J tWikf;F top tFf;fpwJ.

3. nghJj;Jiwfspy; KjyPL ,d;ik: kdpj tsj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd KjyPL ekJ ehl;by; kpff;Fiwthf cs;sjhy;> tWikf;F mbg;gilahd fhuzkhf cs;sJ.

4. gztPf;fk;: nghUl;fspd; tpiy mjpfhpg;gjhy; Cuf kf;fspd; thq;Fk; rf;jp Fiwe;J Cuf tWikf;F toptFf;fpwJ

5. Fiwe;j cw;gj;jpj; jpwd;: Cuf njhopyhsh;fs; kw;Wk; gz;izfspd; Fiwe;j cw;gj;jpj;jpwd;> tWikf;F fhuzkhf mike;jJ

6. tsh;r;rpapd; ed;ikfspy; cs;s rkdw;w epiy: nghUshjhu tsh;r;rpapdhy; Vw;gLk; ed;ikfis efh;Gw gzf;fhuh;fNs mDgtpg;gjhy;> nrhj;Jf;fs; mth;fsplNk Ftpe;J cs;sd. FiwghLs;s nghUshjhu mikg;Gfs; kw;Wk; nfhs;iffshy;> tsh;r;rpapd; ed;ikfs; Vio kf;fis nrd;wiltJ ,y;iy. mij Nghy Vio kf;fspd; gq;fspg;igiaAk; rhpahff; fzf;fplg;gltpy;iy

7. Fiwe;j nghUshjhu tsh;r;rptPjk;: ,e;jpa nghUshjhu tsh;r;rp gzf;fhuh;fSf;F rhjfkhfNt cs;sJ. ehL mile;j tsh;r;rp kw;Wk; Kd;Ndw;wj;jpd; ed;ikfs; Vio kf;fSf;F kWf;fg;gl;Ls;sJ.

8. nghpa njhopw;rhiyfSf;Nf Kf;fpaj;Jtk;: ,e;jpahtpy; nghpa njhopw;rhiyfspy; nra;ag;gLk; mjpf KjyPL efh;Gwj;jpd; eLj;ju kw;Wk; cah; tUkhd gphptpdhpd; NjitfisNa g+h;j;jp nra;fpwJ. ,e;j njhopw;rhiyfs; ,ae;jpuq;fisNa mjpfkhd gad;gLj;Jtjhy; Ntiytha;g;G cUthf;fk; FiwthfNt cs;sJ. Mjyhy; fpuhkg;Gw kf;fs; Ntiy tha;g;gpid ngw Kbahj epiyapYk;> tWikapypUe;J kPs KbahkYk; cs;sdh;.

9. r%f FiwghLfs;: rKjhaj;jpy; epyTk; gof;f tof;fq;fs;> ek;gpf;iffs; Nghd;wit Mf;fkw;w cw;gj;jp nryit mjpfhpf;fpwJ.

UNIT- III : General Aptitude & Mental Ability 39. Answer the following questions

gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp

a. To do a certain work B would take three times as long as A and C together and C twice as long as A and B together. The three man together complete the work in 10 days how long would each take separately xU Ntiyia B Kbf;f vLj;Jf; nfhz;l NeukhdJ A kw;Wk; C Nrh;e;J mt;Ntiyia Kbf;Fk; Neuj;ijg;Nghy %d;W klq;fhFk;. mt;Ntiyia C Kbf;f vLj;Jf; nfhz;l NeukhdJ A kw;Wk; B Nru;e;J mt;Ntiyia Kbf;Fk; Neuj;ijg;Nghy ,uz;L klq;fhFk;. mt;Ntiyia %d;W NgUk; Nru;e;J Kbf;f 10 ehl;fs; vLj;Jf;nfhs;fpd;wdh; vdpy;> xt;nthUtUk; jdpj;jdpNa mt;Ntiyia Kbf;f vt;tsT ehl;fs; MFk;.

A + B + C = 1

10 ------ (1)

A + C = 3B -------(2)

A + B = 2C -------(3)

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On solving equation (i)&(ii),

3B + B = 1

10 4B =

1

10 ∴ B =

1

40

On solving equation (i)&(iii),

2C + C = 1

10 3C =

1

10 ∴ C =

1

30

1 1 1 1

40 30 10A+ + =

1 1 1 1

10 40 30A= − −

12 3 41 5 1

120 120 24A

− −= = =

A = 24 days B = 40 days C = 30 days

b. A, B, and C can do a piece of work in 10, 12, and 15 days respectively. They began the

work together but B leaves after two days, how long would it take A and C to finish the Remaining work? XU Ntiyia A> B kw;Wk; C Kbf;f vLj;Jf;nfhs;Sk; ehl;fs; KiwNa 10> 12 kw;Wk; 15 MFk;. ,k;%tUk; Nrh;e;J mt;Ntiyia njhlq;fp ,uz;L ehl;fSf;F gpwF B vd;gth; tpyFfpwhh; vdpy;> kPjKs;s Ntiyia A kw;Wk; C Nrh;e;J Kbf;f vt;tsT ehl;fs; MFk;.

(A, B, C) 1 day work = 1 1 1

10 12 15+ +

= 6 5 4

60

+ + =

15

60 =

1

4

∴ 2 days work = 1

4 x 2 =

1

2

Remaining work completed by A and C = 1 1

12 2

− =

= 10 151

2 25

= 1

62 = 3 days.

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40. Answer the following questions gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp

a. Prepare a frequency distribution for the following observations:

The marks obtained by 25 students in a test are given as follows: 10, 20, 20, 30, 40, 25, 25, 30, 40, 20, 25, 25, 50, 15, 25, 30, 40, 50, 40, 50, 30, 25, 25, 15 and 40. gpd;tUk; tptuq;fspypUe;J Xu; miyntz; guty; ml;ltizia jahupf;fTk;.: xU Nju;tpy; 25 khztu;fs; ngw;w kjpg;ngz;fs;: 10, 20, 20, 30, 40, 25, 25, 30, 40, 20, 25, 25, 50, 15, 25, 30, 40, 50, 40, 50, 30, 25, 25, 15 kw;Wk; 40 MFk;.

b. Draw and Explain the component bar diagram $Wgl;il tpsf;fg;glk; tiue;J tpsf;Ff:

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41. Answer the following questions

gpd;tUk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpilasp

a. A sector containing an angle of 120˚ is cut off from a circle of radius 21 cm and folded into a cone, then the curved surface area of the cone is 21 nr.kP MuKs;s xU tl;lj;jpypUe;J 120˚ ikaf;Nfhzk; nfhz;l xU tl;lf;Nfhzg;gFjpia ntl;b vLj;J> mjd; Muq;fis xd;wpizj;J xU $k;ghf;fpdhy; fpilf;Fk; $k;gpd; tisgug;G

b. A hollow cylindrical iron pipe is of length 28 cm. Its outer and inner diameters are 8 cm

and 6 cm respectively. Find the weight of the pipe if 1 cu.cm of iron weighs 7 gm. xU cs;sPlw;w ,Uk;G Fohapd; ePsk; 28 nr.kP mjd; ntsp kw;Wk; cs; tpl;lq;fs; KiwNa 8 nr.kP kw;Wk; 6 nr.kP vdpy;> ,Uk;Gf; Fohapd; vilia fhz;f. (1 f.nr.kP. ,Uk;gpd; vil 7 fpuhk;)

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