(.. )

..

150

. 358 - 2531

.. (.. ) .. .. 150 . 358 - 2551

..

-1-

. 358-2551

150

1. 1.1

150 1.2

(compressed natural gas, CNG)

2.

2.1

2.2 (permanent gas) (critical temperature) 0 0

2.3 (liquefied gas) 0 20 101.325 0

2.4 (toxic gas) LC50 5 000 (LC50 )

2.5 (flammable gas)

2.6 (oxidizing gas)

2.7 (inert gas)

2.8 (special gas)

-2-

. 358-2551

LC50 (lethal concentration fifty) ( 50) LC50 10 LC50 LC50 (4 ) 44.66

2.8 (capacity, V) 2.9 (maximum filling pressure) 15

2.10 (test pressure) 2.11 (filling ratio)

15 ( .1)2.12 (blowdown manifold)

2.13

(dip tube)2.14

3.

3.1 3.1.1

3.1.2

LC50 1 000 mg/dm3 LC50 0.5 mg/dm3 (extremely toxic)1 000 < LC50 3 000 mg/dm3 0.5 < LC50 2 mg/dm3 (highly toxic)3 000 < LC50 5 000 mg/dm3 2 < LC50 10 mg/dm 3 (moderate toxic)

5 000 < LC50 10 000 mg/dm3 10 < LC50 200 mg/dm3 (slightly toxic)LC50 > 10 000 mg/dm 3 LC50 > 200 mg/dm 3 (practical non-toxic)

LC50

-3-

. 358-2551

3.1.3 21 2

3.1.4

3.1.5 3.1.6

3.1.7 3.1.6

3.2

3.2.1

3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.2.5

3.3

3.3.1 3.3.1.1 3.3.1.2 ( 24 )

(fiber optic) (inspection lamp)

3.3.1.3 /

3.3.1.4 3.3.1.5

3.3.1.6 3.3.1.7 3.3.1.8

-4-

. 358-2551

3.3.1.9 (water jacket) (non-waterjacket) 1/20 000 2 150 1

3.3.1.10 (hydraulic proof test)3.3.1.11 3.3.1.12 3.3.1.13 13.3.1.14

(1) (ultrasonic device)

(2) (adjustable torque wrench) /

(3) (4)

3.3.1.15 12

3.3.2

3.3.2.1 12 3.3.2. 24 3.3.2.3 3.3.2.4 24

-5-

. 358-2551

4. 4.1

4.1.1 . .14.1.2

(design drawing) 4.1.3 4.1.4 4.1.5

.255

4.2 5. 5

4.3 5.1

4.3.1 95 4.3.2 /

.14.3.3 4 .24.3.4

4.3.5 10

5.1.5.3

4.3.6 5.1.5.3

5. 5.1

5.1.1 5.1.1.1 5.1.1.2 5.1.1.3 5.1.1.4 5.1.1.5

-6-

. 358-2551

5.1.1.6 5.1.1.4 5.1.1.5

5.1.2 5.1.2.1

.359 ( .1)

5.1.2.2 (blocked valve)

5.1.2.3 (1)

103.42

(2) 5.1.2.45.1.2.4

5.1.2.1 5.1.2.2 (depressurize)3 (1)

(1.1) (valve guard) (1.2)

(TCE) (Acetone)

(1.3) :- (clamp) - (valve gland)

(1.4)

-7-

. 358-2551

(1.5) ( ) (valve

seat)(1.6) (1.7) (1.8)

(2) (2.1) (2.2)

(2.3) :

- -

(2.4) (2.5) (

) 1.5 (1)

(2)

(2.6) (2.7) (2.8)

(3) (bursting disc)(3.1) (3.2) /

(3.3) :

- -

(3.4) (3.5)

(3.6) (3.7)

-8-

. 358-2551

5.1.3 .1

5.1.4 5.1.4.1

5.1.4.2

5.1.4.3 (rumbling) (blasting) 5.1.4.2 5.1.4.3

.2 ( 4)

5.1.5 5.1.5.1

5.1.5.2

5.1.5.3 (permanent expansion test)(1)

(1.1) 1 (1.1.1) (graduate tube)

1 20 000

-9-

. 358-2551

(1.1.2) 2 150 1

(1.1.3)

(1.1.4) 1.5

1 ( 5.1.5.3 (1.1))

(1.2) (1.2.1)

(1.2.2)

(1.2.3) 30 1

-10-

. 358-2551

(1.2.4) 4.3.5

= 100

V1 V2

(1.2.5)

3 1 ()

(2) (2.1)

2 (2.1.1)

1 20 000 (2.1.2) 2 150

1

(2.1.3) (auxiliary reservoir) 1

(2.1.4)

(2.1.5) 1.5

V1V2

-11-

. 358-2551

2 ( 5.1.5.3 (2.1))

(2.2) 5.1.5.3 (1.2) .

(3) (3.1)

3 (3.1.1) 2 150

1

(3.1.2) 1

(3.1.3)

(3.1.4) 1.5

-12-

. 358-2551

3 ( 5.1.5.3 (3.1))

(3.2) (3.2.1) 6

500 (3.2.2) (3.2.3) (3.2.4) (3.2.5) (3.2.6) 30 1 (3.2.7)

(3.2.8)

(3.2.9)

3 1 ()

(3.2.10)

-13-

. 358-2551

(3.2.11)

(3.2.12)

(3.2.13) (3.2.10) (3.2.11) (3.2.12)

(3.2.14) 5.1.6 ISO 64065.1.7

5.1.7.1 100 100

5.1.7.2 .87 .88 .87 .88

5.1.7.3 .255

5.1.7.4 5.1.7.5

1

-14-

. 358-2551

1 ( 5.1.7.5)

5.1.7.6

5.2 .1 .2 ( 4) 2

6. 6.1

6.2

6.3 5.1

6.4

7. 7.1

5

Nm

Nm

245 270 15 dm3

135 160 15 dm3

100 130

-15-

. 358-2551

7.2

7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.3 ( )7.2.4 ( )7.2.5 ( )7.2.6 ( )7.2.7 7.2.8 ( )7.2.9 7.2.10

-16-

. 358-2551

.

( 4.1.1 5.1.2.1 5.1.5.3)

.1 .1

.1 ( . 1)

1 - 77 79.5 D - 19.3 22

2 Ar 95.0 D -3 BF3 99.0 A -4 CO 98.0 A B -5 - 99.5 A B -6 D2 98.0 B -7 F2 98.0 A C -8 He 99.0 D -9 H2 99.0 B -10 Kr 99.5 D -11 CH4 95.0 B -12 Ne 99.0 D -13 NO 99.0 A -14 N2 99.0 D -15 O2 99.0 C -16 CF4 99.5 D 1417 /

H2/CO A B -

18 CO2 D - 0.66719 /

CO2/O2

( 7)D - -

20 C2H8 B - 0.4821 CH2:CH2 B - 0.2722 He D - -23 / He/O2

( 20)C - -

-17-

. 358-2551

24 () AIR D - -25 N2 D - -26 N2O C - 0.667

0.62527 O2 - - -28 /

O2/CO2

( 7)C - -

29 / O2/He ( 80)

C - -

30 /

O2/N2O (50/

C - -

31 CO2 99.5 D 744 0.66732 B2H6 (diluent gas) A B - 33 CH3:CH3 95.0 B 170 0.36

0.3234 CH2:CH2 98.0 B 1150 0.2735 HCl 99.0 A - 0.6536 CCIF3 99.0 D 13 0.9637 N2O 99.0 C 7442 0.667

0.62538 SiH4 99.99 B - 0.3239 SiF4 99.5 A - 0.540 SF6 98.0 D - 1.3441 CF2:CF2 98.0

1B - 0.9

42 CHF3 99.0 D 23 0.643 CH2:CHF 99.5

0.2B - 0.53

44 Xe 99.5 D - 1.24

45 () NH3 99.8 A B 717 0.5346

CBrCIF2 98.5 D 12B1 1.62

47 CBrF3 99.5 D 13B1 1.1548 C4H6 99.0 B - 0.5

-18-

. 358-2551

49 ()

() 37.8 0.483

B - 0.49

50 Cl2 99.5 A - 1.2551 CH3CClF2 98.0 B 142b 0.8652 CRCIF2 99.5 D 22 1.0353 /

-

- 502 1.04

54

CRCIFCF3 99.0 D 124 1.15

55 CCICF3 99.0 A B 1113 1.1856

CCIF2CF3 98.0 D 115 1.04

57 C2N2 98.0 A B - 158 CICN 98.0 A - 1.0359 CBr2F2 98.0 D 12B2 260 CCl2F2 99.0 D 12 1.1561

/

D 500 1

62 CHCl2F 99.0 B 21 1.1563

CClF2CClF2 95.0 D 114 1.31

64 CH3CHF2 98.0 B 152a 0.6865 C2H7N 99.0 B - 0.4466 C2H6O 98.0 B - 0.5667 C2H5NH2 98.0 B - 0.668 CH9CH2Cl 99.5 B 160 0.7969 C3H8O 98.0 B - 0.6170 C2H4O 99.5 A B - 0.7671

()HBr 99.8 A - 1.35

72 * HCN 99.0 A B - 0.5973 HF 99.8 A - 0.874 H2S 98.5 A B - 0.6375 CH(CH3)3 99.0 B - 0.49

-19-

. 358-2551

76 () C4H8 99.0 B - 0.5377 LPG - B - 0.8578 CH3NH2 98.0 B 630 0.5479 CH3Br 99.5 A - 1.3980 CH3Cl 99.5 A 40 0.8281 CH3SH 99.0 A B - 0.7782 - CH3CH2CH2CH3 99.0 B 600 0.5183

()NO2(N2O4) 99.0 A C - 1.2

84 NOCl 97.0 A - 1.1485 C4F8 99.0 D 318 1.2986 COCl2 97.0 A - 1.1987 ()

()- 37.8

1.45 B - 0.42

88 ()()

CH, CH:CH2 37.8 1.45

B 1270 0.44

89 SO2 99.8 A 764 1.2390 CCl3F 99.0 D 11 1.3591 C3H9N 99.0 B - 0.3492 CH3CF3 99.5 B 143a 0.7593 CH2CHBr 99.5 A - 1.0594 CH2:CHCl 99.8 B 1140 0.7895 C3H6O 99.5 B - 0.6

- 0.13A96 /

C2H4O/CCl2F2 12:88

-20-

. 358-2551

1. A B C D

2. 3. .1514. 5.

6. * /

-21-

. 358-2551

.

( 5.1.5.3 (2.2))

.1 () (compressibility of water)

.2

V = K -

V m ( 4

1 1 )P K

.1 (P) = 23.2 = 113.8 = 30 23.2 = 1.745 (m) 23.2 = 113.8 + 1.745

= 115.545 = 1.698 = 1.745 - 1.698

= 0.047 .1 23.2 30 (K) = 0.042 2

mP 0.68 P100 104

-22-

. 358-2551

(V) 2.32 30

V = K -

m = 115.545 (115.545 )P = 23.2 K = 0.042 2

V = 0.042 2 -

V = 1.089 = 1.745 - 1.089

= 0.656

= 100

= 100

= 7.16

0.0470.656

mP 0.68 P100 104

115.545 23.2 0.68 23.2 100 104

-23-

. 358-2551

.1 (K)( .2)

0 10 10 20 20 30 10* 20*

0 0.051 1 0.049 2 0.048 0 0.050 2 0.048 61 0.050 6 0.048 8 0.047 7 0.049 7 0.048 32 0.050 2 0.048 4 0.047 4 0.049 3 0.047 93 0.049 9 0.048 1 0.047 1 0.049 0 0.047 64 0.049 6 0.047 7 0.046 8 0.048 7 0.047 35 0.049 3 0.047 4 0.046 5 0.048 4 0.047 06 0.049 1 0.047 2 0.046 3 0.048 2 0.046 87 0.048 9 0.046 9 0.046 0 0.047 9 0.046 58 0.048 7 0.046 6 0.045 9 0.047 7 0.046 29 0.048 5 0.046 4 0.045 6 0.047 5 0.046 010 0.048 3 0.046 2 0.045 3 0.047 3 0.045 811 0.048 1 0.045 9 0.045 1 0.047 0 0.045 512 0.047 9 0.045 7 0.044 9 0.046 8 0.045 313 0.04 7 0.045 5 0.044 7 0.046 6 0.045 114 0.047 6 0.045 3 0.044 5 0.046 5 0.044 915 0.047 4 0.045 1 0.044 3 0.046 3 0.044 716 0.047 3 0.044 9 0.044 1 0.046 1 0.044 517 0.047 2 0.044 7 0.043 9 0.046 0 0.044 318 0.047 0 0.044 6 0.043 7 0.045 8 0.044 219 0.046 9 0044 4 0.043 5 0.045 7 0.044 020 0.046 8 0.044 2 0.043 4 0.045 5 0.043 821 0.046 7 0.044 1 0.043 2 0.045 4 0.043 722 0.046 6 0.044 0 0.043 1 0.045 3 0.043 623 0.046 5 0043 9 0.042 9 0.045 2 0.043 424 0.046 4 0.043 8 0.042 8 0.045 1 0.043 3

MPa

oC

-24-

. 358-2551

.1 (K) ()( .2)

* 10 20

0 10 10 20 20 30 10* 20*

25 0.046 3 0.043 7 0.042 7 0.045 0 0.043 226 0.046 2 0.043 7 0042 6 0045 0 0.043 227 0.046 1 0.043 6 0.042 5 0.044 9 0.043 128 0.046 0 0.043 6 0.042 4 0.044 8 0.043 029 0.045 9 0.043 5 0.042 3 0.044 7 0.042 930 0.045 8 0.043 5 0.042 2 0.044 7 0.042 931 0.045 7 0.043 4 0.042 1 0.044 6 0.042 832 0.045 6 0.043 4 0.042 0 0.044 5 0.042 733 0.045 6 0.043 3 0.041 9 0.044 5 0.042 634 0.045 5 0.043 3 0.041 8 0.044 4 0.042 635 0.045 4 0.043 2 0.041 7 0.044 3 0.042 536 0.045 3 0.043 2 0.041 6 0.044 3 0.042 437 0045 2 0043 1 0.041 6 0.044 2 0.042 438 0.045 1 0.043 1 0.041 5 0.044 1 0.042 339 0.045 0 0.043 0 0.041 5 0.044 0 0.042 340 0.044 9 0.042 9 0.041 4 0.043 9 0.042 2

MPa

oC

-25-

. 358-2551

.1 .1

.1 /( 4.3.2 5.2)

/ 1 / (bulge) /

2 / (dent) / 1

- / 3

- / 15

3* (cut or gouge)

5

- 10

- 25

-

4 / (crack)

-26-

. 358-2551

.1 / ()

/ 5 (fire damage)

) )

) ) )) ) )

6 (stamping)

7 (arc or torch burns)

8 (suspicious marks)

9 (vertical stability)

()

10* (general corrosion)

20

- - 10 -

-27-

. 358-2551

.1 / ()

* 5

/ 11*

(local corrosion) 20

- 20 -

12* (chain pittingor line corrosion)

- 10

-

13* (isolated pits)

- 5

- 5

14

/

-

-28-

. 358-2551

.2 .2 .2

( 4.3.3 5.1.4 5.2 .2)

1

-29-

. 358-2551

.2 ()

2

-30-

. 358-2551

(shot blasting) (hydraulic test)

3

.2 ()

-31-

. 358-2551

/

4

.2 ()