ESTONIA, partner in Leonardo da Vinci programme “HEALTH AND SOCIAL

CARE TEACHERS AGAINST VIOLENCE, HEVI 2008-2010”

• Tiina Juhansoo, Tallinn Health College• Katrin Kuusemäe,Tallinn Health College• Siiri Põllumaa, Tartu School of Health Care• Anne Vahtramäe, Tartu School of Health Care Jan, 2008

ESTONIA• Official name: Republic of Estonia

• Is a country in North Europe

• Estonia has land borders to the south with Latvia and to the east with Russia, separated from Finland in the North by the Gulf of Finland and from Sweden in the West by the Baltic Sea.

Estonia

• The modern name of Estonia is thought

to originate from the Roman historian Tacitus, who in his book Germania (ca. AD 98) described the people called Aestii.

Independence

• Declared from Russia and Germany: 24 February 1918

• Recognised 2 February 1920

• Occupied by USSR 16 June 1940

• Re-declared 20 August 1991

Member of:

• NATO: 29 March 2004

• European Union. 1 May 2004

Flag

Cornflower - National flower

Estonia

• Official language: Estonian

• Government: Parliamentary republic

• President: Toomas Hendrik Ilves

• Prime Minister: Andrus Ansip

Some data

• Area: 45.226 km² (17,413 sq mi)

• Water 4.56&%

• Population: 1,342,409 million (2007) • Density 29/km 2

• Male: 46 % female: 54 %

• Urban: 69 % rural: 31 %• 1/3of the population in Tallinn and nearby• Administratively 15 counties• Local Governments 227

Economy

• Estonia joined to WTO in November 1999

• GDP per capita $ 21,187 (2006)

• Unemployment rate 4,2% (2006)

• In 1994 Estonia adapt a flat tax: 26% regardless of personal income

• In January personal income tax was reduced to 24% and January 2006 to

23%

• Social tax 33%

Economy

• 1992 Estonia replaced ruble with its own freely convertible currency, the kroon (EEK)

• 1 euro = 15,64664 krooni

• Average salary (2007, II) 11150.00 EEK

Tallinn

• Capital and the largest city

• Popullation 400387

• 53,7% Estonians

Tallinn

Tallinn

Kohtla-Järve

• Popullation 47679 (IY)

• Estonians 17,8%

Tartu

• University town

• Popullation 101169

• 80% Estonians

Tartu

Tartu

Tartu

Estonian educational structure

ESTONIAN EDUCATIONAL STRUCTURE

University

Age

24232221 study University university college

20 University

19

Vocational secondaryeducation

Vocational education institution

1817 General secondary education Vocational secondary education16 Gymnasium

151413121110987

65

Pre- primary educationPre- primary childcare institution

Master´s study

Basic education

Vocational education institution

Basic school

Doctor´s study

Bachelor´s andMaster´s study

Integrated curriculum forBachelor´s and Master´s

Applied higher education institution

Applied higher education or VET institution,

Applied higher education

Education of Health Care Workers

University of Tartu• First level of higher education Medical doctors Pharmaceuts Stomatology• Second level: + Nursing Science• Third level: MD

Health Colleges

• Tallinn Health College - TALLINNA TERVISHOIU KÕRGKOOL

• Founded in 1940 as Nurses School • In December, 1964 renamed the Tallinn Medical School• In August 2006, renamed Tallinn Health College• The same time Kohtla-Järve startst to be a part of Tallinn

Health College

Tallinn Health College

On vocational level:• Nurse Practical nurse• Midwife• Dental technician• Optometrist• Pharmacist• Occupational therapist• Health promotor

Tartu School of Health CareTartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool

• 1811 School of Midwives

• 1925 School of Nurses Union

• 1944 National Secondary School of Medicine

→ Medical Scool of Tartu

• 2006 Tartu School of Health Care

Tartu School of Health CareTartu Tervishoiu Kõrgkool

• On vocational level• Nurse Careworker• Midwife Babysitter• Bioanalytics• Radiography• Environmental health• Physiotherapy

Education of Social Workers

• Tallinn University

• Tallinn Pedagogical College

• Tartu University Narva College

Education of teachers in health care

• Mostly different courses:

• University of Tallinn

• University of Tartu

• Tallinn Health College

• Tartu School of Health Care

Health Care Expenditure

• 5,1% of the GDP (382 mil EURO in 2002)• Health Insurance law in force since 1992• Financed: 13% earmarked health insurance tax salaries paid by

employers and collected from 1999 by Tax Agency

• Coverage: 94% of population

• Solidarity in Estonian health insurance: contributions (2005): – no contributions 48% of insured- 49% insured- - STATE 3% Estonian Health Insurance Fond, 2006

Health Care:

• One Medical Faculty – in Tartu University

Physicians 4426 30,8/10 000 pop.

Dentists 11012 7,0/ 10 000 pop.

• Health Colleges: Tartu, Tallinn, (Kohtla-Järve)

Nurses 10196 70,7/10 000 pop.

Hospitals

• 1993 1999 2003• Number 115 78 50• Beds 14377 10358 9160 • ALOS 15,4 days 9,9 days 6,8 days

• Tartu University Hospital – 900 beds• Tallinn Regional Hospital – 750 beds

Hospitals 2005, total 50

• Regional 3 (Tartu University, Tallinn Regional, • Tallinn Childrens Hospital)• Central 4 (2 - Tallinn, 1 Kohtla-Järve, 1 Pärnu)• Specialized 5 • General 19• Rehabilitation 3• Care 16