Tieu chuan dat day dien

Tiu chun xy dng tcxd 25 : 1991

t |ng dn in trong nh v cng trnh cng cng tiu chun thit k. Installation of electric wire in dwellings and public buildings - Design standard

Tiu chun ny p dng thit k t cc |ng dn in cho nh v cng trnh cng cng; vi cc dy dn bc cch in hoc cp in c dng in xoay chiu v mt chiu in p n 1000V.

Vic thit k t |ng dn in cho nh v cng trnh cng cng cn phi tha mn cc yu cu quy nh ca cc tiu chun, quy phm hin hnh c lin quan. Vi cc cng trnh cng cng cn phi tun theo cc yu cu quy nh ca cc tiu chun quy phm hin hnh ca mi loi cng trnh.

Tiu chun ny thay th cho quy phm thit k t |ng dy in trong cc cng trnh kin trc TCXD 25 : 1965.

1. Quy nh chung.

1.1. Dng in lin tc cho php ca dy dn bc cch in, cp in khng |c v|t qu cc tr s quy nh ca cc nh ch to v phi xt ti nhit mi tr|ng, ph|ng php t.

1.2. Mt ct ca cc rut dn in (dy dn mm, dy in na cng, dy in cng v cp in) khng nh qu cc tr s quy nh bng 1.

Bng 1

Mt ct nh nht ca rut dn in (mm2)

Loi dy ng Nhm

1 2 3

1. Dy dn bc cch in, mm, hai rut nhiu si u vo n in

2. Dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v, t c nh trong nh

a/ Trn puly hoc cc kp, treo d|i dy cng.

b/ Trong mng, hp, dn (tr tr|ng hp kn)

- Khi cc rut ni bng cch kp bt bu lng.

0,75

1

1

2,5

2

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- Khi cc rut ni bng cch hn:

+ Rut mt si

+ Rut nhiu si

c/ Trn cc s

3. Dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v t ngoi nh:

a/ Theo t|ng hoc theo cc kt cu cng trnh hoc trn cc s ca ct, cc |ng r nhnh vo nh t |ng dy trn khng.

b/ trn puly, d|i mi ht.

4. Dy dn bc cch in v cp in c hoc khng c v bo v, t trong ng cc loi, ng mm bng kim loi v trong hp kn.

5. Cp in v dy dn bc cch in c v bo v, nhng |ng dn c nh (khng t trong ng cc loi, ng mm bng kim loi v trong hp kn):

a/ Khi cc rut ni bng cch kp bt bu lng

b/ Khi cc rut ni bng cch hn:

+ Rut mt si

+ Rut nhiu si

6. Dy dn bc cch in c hoc khng c v bo v v cp in t trong m|ng kn hoc m|ng c lin trong cc kt cu xy dng (hoc trong hay d|i lp va trt.

0,5

0,35

1,5

2,5

1,5

1

1

0,5

0,35

1

4

4

2,5

2

2,5

2

1.3. H thng |ng dn in phi |c c lp v c, in vi cc h thng khc v phi m bo d dng thay th, sa cha khi cn thit.

1.4. Ch ni hoc r nhnh dy dn, cp in phi m bo tiu chun dn in nh| mt dy dn cp in lin tc v khng |c chu lc tc ng bn ngoi.

1.5. Dy dn, cp in (tr tr|ng hp d phng) cho php t chung trong ng thp v cc loi ng khc c bn c hc t|ng t, trong cc hp, mng v m|ng kn trong cc kt cu xy dng nh khi:

a) Tt c cc mch cng mt t my.

b) Cc mch ng lc v mch kim tra ca mt s bng in, t in, bng v bn iu khin c lin quan v cng ngh.

c) Mch cp in cho n phc tp.


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d) Mch ca mt s nhm thuc cng mt dng chiu sng (chiu sng lm vic v chiu sng s c) vi s dy dn khng qu 8.

1.6. Cc mch in d phng cng nh| cc mch in chiu sng lm vic v chiu sng s c, khng |c t chung trong mt ng, mt hp hay mt mng.

1.7. Khi t hai hay nhiu dy dn trong mt ng, |ng knh trong ca ng khng |c nh qu 11mm.

Khng cho php t mt dy pha in xoay chiu trong ng thp hoc trong ng cch in c v bc bng thp, nu ti dng in danh nh ln qu 25A.

1.8. Khi t ng lun dy dn hoc cp in phi m bo ng c dc n|c chy v pha thp nht v thot ra ngoi, khng |c n|c thm vo hoc ng li trong ng.

1.9. Cho php dng ng bt, hnh bu dc nh|ng phi m bo |ng knh ln ca ng khng ln qu 10% |ng knh nh (ca ng).

1.10. lp cch in ca dy dn khng b hng do c st vi ming ng, phi da trn ming ng hoc lp thm ph tng m. Cc ph tng ni ng khng |c chu cc lc tc ng bn ngoi.

1.11. Cc hp ni dy hoc cc hp r nhnh, |ng knh ng lun dy dn, lun cp in cng nh| s l|ng v bn knh un cong on ng phi m bo lun v thay th dy dn, cp in |c d dng.

1.12. Tt c cc mi ni v r nhnh dy dn, cp in phi |c thc hin trong hp ni dy v hp r nhnh.

1.13. Cc hp ni dy v hp r nhnh phi m bo an ton v in v phng chng chy. Kt cu hp phi ph hp vi ph|ng php t v mi tr|ng. Cu to hp cng nh| v tr t hp phi d dng kim tra, sa cha khi cn thit.

1.14. Khi dy dn hoc cp in xuyn mng, t|ng, trn nh, sn nh, phi t trong ng thp hoc cc ng c cng t|ng t. |ng knh trong ca ng phi ln hn 1,5 ln |ng knh ngoi ca dy dn hoc cp in phi thc hin theo iu 3.1 khi t h.

1.15. Khi |ng dn in i qua khe ln, khe c dn, phi c bin php chng b h| hng.

1.16. Khi dng dy thp treo cp in, ch |c cho dy treo chu mt lc khng ln qu 1/4 ng lc lm t dy thp .

1.17. Cc b phn bng kim loi ca |ng dn in (kt cu hp, mng, dn, gi ng lun dy dn hoc cp in.) phi |c bo v chng b n mn, v phi thch hp vi mi tr|ng.

1.18. Cc b phn bng kim loi khng mang in ca |ng dn in phi |c ni t bo v (hoc ni khng).

2. Chn hnh thc |ng dn in, dy dn v cp in.


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NGUYEN VUPencil

NGUYEN VUPencil

Tiu chun xy dng tcxd 25 : 1991 2.1. |ng dn in phi thch hp vi cc iu kin mi tr|ng, tnh cht s dng v

c im kin trc cng trnh cng nh| cc yu cu v k thut an ton v phng chng chy. nhng ni c nguy him v chy phi theo cc yu cu bng 2.

Chn hnh thc v ph|ng php t |ng dn in theo yu cu phng chng chy.

Bng 2

Hnh thc v ph|ng php t |ng dn in trn cc b mt v cc chi tit

Bng vt liu chy Bng vt liu khng chy, kh chy

Dy dn, cp in

1 2 3

A. |ng dy dn in t h

1. Trn puly, gi Trc tip - Dy dn c hoc khng c v bo v, v cp in c v bc bng vt liu chy

Trc tip - Dy dn c v bo v v cp in c v bc bng vt liu khng chy, kh chy.

Trong ng v hp bng vt liu khng chy

Trong ng v hp bng vt liu khng chy, kh chy

- Dy dn c hoc khng c v bo v, cp in c v bng vt liu chy, kh chy.

B. |ng dn in t kn

C lp lt bng vt liu khng chy v trt va hoc bo v kn cc pha bng lp vt liu khng chy. (1).

Trc tip Dy dn c hoc khng c v bo v, cp in c v bng vt liu chy

Trc tip Trc tip Nh| trn nh|ng bng vt liu khng chy

Trong ng v hp bng vt liu kh chy, c lp vt liu khng chy lt ng v hp, v c trt va (2).

Trong ng v hp bng vt liu chy c lin khi, trong rnh.. trong lp vt liu khng chy bao kn (3)

Dy dn khng c v bo v v cp in c v bng vt liu chy, kh chy v khng chy.

Ch thch:

1) Lt bng vt liu khng chy du t nht 10mm.

2) ng phi |c trt va kn, hoc bc phi-b-r-xi-mng dy t nht 10mm.


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NGUYEN VURectangle


3) Lp bao kn quanh ng (hp) bng vt liu khng chy c th l va phi-b-r-xi-mng hoc b tng dy t nht 10mm.

2.2. Loi |ng dn in, ph|ng php t dy dn v cp in theo iu kin mi tr|ng |c chn theo bng 3.

Khi ng thi c nhiu iu kin c tr|ng ca mi tr|ng (bng 3) th |ng dn in phi tha mn tt c cc iu kin .

2.3. Cch in ca dy dn, cp in dng trong |ng dn in khng nhng phi ph hp vi in p danh nh ca l|i in m cn phi ph hp vi hnh thc t v iu kin mi tr|ng.

Khi c nhng yu cu c bit lin quan ti thit b, cch in ca dy dn v v bo v ca dy dn, cp in cng phi tha mn nhng yu cu .

2.4. Dy trung tnh phi c cch in nh| dy pha.

2.5. Cho php t cp in c v cao su, v ch, nhm, cht do cc phng m, phng rt m, phng c nguy him v chy v phng c nhit khng qu 400C.

2.6. nhng ni c nhit t 400C tr ln phi dng dy dn, cp in m lp cch in v v bc chu |c nhit cao hoc phi gim bt ph ti ca dy dn v cp in.

2.7. Trong phng m, rt m, v vi cc thit tr in ngoi nh, v bc cch in ca dy dn, cp in, cc gi cch in, cc kt cu treo, cc ng, mng, dn v hp phi chu m |t.

2.8. Trong cc phng c bi, khng |c dng cc hnh thc t dy dn, cp in d b bm bi hoc kh lm sch bi.

2.9. Trong cc phng v vi cc thit tr in ngoi nh, c mi tr|ng hot tnh ha hc, tt c cc phn ca |ng dn in phi chu |c tc ng ca mi tr|ng, nu khng phi c bin php bo v.

Bng 3 - Chn loi |ng dn in, ph|ng php t dy dn,

cp in theo iu kin mi tr|ng

iu kin mi tr|ng

|ng dn in Dy dn, cp in

A. |ng dn t h

Phng kh, m Trn puly s hoc kp Dy dn mt rut khng c v bo v.

- Dy dn hai rut

Phng kh Nh| trn


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Cc loi phng v vi cc thit tr in ngoi nh

Trn s cch in, puli s cc thit tr in ngoi nh dng puli s c kch th|c ln, loi dng cho ni rt m ch cho php dng nhng ch n|c hoc n|c m|a khng ri trc tip vo |ng dn in

Dy dn mt rut khng c v bo v

Cc thit tr in ngoi nh

Trc tip theo mt t|ng trn v cc kt cu ca nh

Cp in c b bo v khng bng kim loi hoc bng kim loi

Cc loi phng Nh| trn - Dy dn mt hoc nhiu rut c hoc khng c v bo v.

- Cp in c v bo v khng bng kim loi hoc bng kim loi.

Cc loi phng v vi cc thit b in ngoi nh

Trn dn, gi v hp khng c np y

Nh| trn

Cc loi phng v vi cc thit b in ngoi nh

Treo d|i dy cng - Dy dn loi troe d|i dy cng.

- Dy dn mt hoc nhiu rut, c hoc khng c v bo v.

- Cp in c v bo v khng bng kim loi hoc bng kim loi.

B. |ng dn in t kn

Cc loi phng vi cc thit b in ngoi nh

- Trong ng khng bng kim loi v bng cc vt liu chy (cht do).

- Trong rnh kn ca cc cu kin xy dng ngm t|ng hoc d|i lp va trt. Trong lp p t|ng, trn nh bng puli s, kp, hoc trong ng bng cc vt liu khng chy

- Cm dng ng cch in c v kim loi ni m, rt m v vi cc thit tr in ngoi nh.

- Cm dng ng thp v hp thp kn c b dy 2mm v nh hn ni m, rt m v vi cc thit tr ngoi nh.

- Dy dn mt hoc nhiu rut c hoc khng c v bo v.

- Cp in c v bo v khng bng kim loi.

Phng kh, m v rt m

Trong cc cu kin c sn hoc lin khi

Dy dn khng c v bo v

Cc loi phng vi thit b in ngoi nh

Trong ng thp (loi thng th|ng v loi dy) v cc hp thp kn.

Dy dn mt hoc nhiu rut c hoc khng c v bo v. Cp in


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Trong ng khng phi bng kim loi v trong hp bng hin vt kh chy.

- Trong ng cch in c v bng kim loi.

- Cm dng ng cch in c v bng kim loi ni m, rt m v vi cc thit tr in ngoi nh.

- Cm dng ng thp v hp thp kn c b dy 2mm v nh hn ni m, rt m v vi cc thit tr in ngoi nh

c v bo v bng kim loi.

2.10. nhng ni chu nh h|ng trc tip ca tia nng mt tri phi c bin php bo v dy dn v cp in chng nh h|ng .

2.11. nhng ni |ng in t h khng chu |c cc lc tc ng bn ngoi th phi t dy dn, cp in trong ng thp, hp thp, trong cc vt bo v hoc phi dng |ng dn in t kn.

2.12. Phi dng dy dn v cp in c rut ng nhng ni nguy him chy, n, cc cng trnh quan trng, vng bin hoc nhng ni c mi tr|ng hot tnh ha hc; cc b phn chuyn ng hoc cc my mc rung ng; cc thit b dng c in cm tay hay di ng v cc h tiu th in loi 1 theo tin cy cung cp in.

2.13. Vi |ng dn in ngoi nh, phi dng dy dn 1 rut cch in khng c v bo v hoc cp in.

3. |ng dn in t trong nh.

3.1. Dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v, t h trc tip trn cc b mt, puli, s , kp, treo d|i dy cng, trn dn, trong mng. phi |c thc hin nh| sau:

a) Khi in p trn 42V trong phng t nguy him v khi in p n 42V trong cc phng bt k, phi t cao t nht 2m so vi mt sn hoc mt bng lm vic.

b) Khi in p trn 42V trong phng nguy him v rt nguy him phi t cao t nht l 2,5m so vi mt sn hoc mt bng lm vic.

Khi |ng dy i xung cng tc n, cm in, thit b iu khin v bo v, bng, t in, n v cc thit b dng in khc t trn t|ng, khng phi thc hin cc yu cu trn.

Khi dy dn, cp in xuyn sn nh v t h thng ng (hoc cho) theo t|ng nh, phi |c bo v trnh va chm. cao bo v t nht 1,5m so vi mt sn.

3.2. Khng quy nh cao t dy dn cch in c v bo v, dy dn trong ng cch in c v bc bng kim loi, dy dn v cp in trong ng thp, ng mm bng kim loi.


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Tiu chun xy dng tcxd 25 : 1991 3.3. Khi t h, dy dn v cp in c v bo v bng vt liu chy, dy dn v cp in

khng c v bo v, khong cch t v dy dn, cp in n cc b mt t, cc kt cu, cc chi tit bng vt liu chy t nht 10mm. Khi khng m bo |c khong cch trn, phi ngn cch bng lp vt liu khng chy (va xi mng, phi b r xi mng.) dy t nht 10mm.

3.4. nhng ch buc dy dn, phi dng vi nha (bng dnh) qun dy dn trnh dy buc lm hng lp cch in ca dy dn. Buc dy dn vo puli hoc s , phi dng dy thp mm khng r, dy ng mm hoc cc loi dy khc c bn t|ng t v khng b h| hng do tc ng ca mi tr|ng.

3.5. Cp in c v ch, v nhm, v cao su, v cht do., |c php t h vi iu kin ni t khng c ng vt gm nhm ph hoi, khng c cc tc ng c l, khng c cc cht n mn.

3.6. Khi ng v hp bng vt liu kh chy t h trn b mt cc cu kin, cc chi tit bng vt liu chy hoc kh chy, khong cch t ng (hp) n cc b mt ni trn khng |c nh qu 10mm. Khi khng m bo |c khong cch trn, phi ngn cch bng lp vt liu khng chy (va xi mng, phi b r xi mng) dy t nht 10mm.

3.7. Trong cc phng rt m, cao t mt sn ti mt d|i ca hp khng |c nh qu 2m.

3.8. cao t mt sn ti mt d|i ca mng, dn khng |c nh qu 2m. Ring trong phng in cng nh| phng ca nhn vin qun l vn hnh in, cao t mng khng quy nh.

3.9. Khong cch gia cc im c nh dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v t trn cc gi cch in khng |c ln qu cc tr s bng 4.

Khong cch cho php ln nht gia cc im c nh dy dn bc cch in khng c v bc bo v t trn cc gi cch in.

Bng 4

Khong cch cho php ln nht (m) khi mt ct rut dn in (mm2)

Ph|ng php t dy dn n 2,5

4 6 10 16 n 25

35 n 70

95 tr ln

1. Trn puli, kp

2. Trn vt cch in t t|ng v trn nh.

3. Trn vt cch in t t|ng thuc |ng dn in ngoi nh.

4. Trn vt cch in t v ko,

0,80

1

2

0,80

2

2

0,80

2

2

1,0

2

2

1,2

2,5

2

1,2

3

2

1,2

6

2


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Tiu chun xy dng tcxd 25 : 1991 ct hoc t|ng.

- Vi dy dn rut ng

- Vi dy dn rut nhm

6

-

12

6

6

12

3.10. Khong cch gia cc tim dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v ca cng mt mch hoc ca cc mch khc nhau t trn cc gi cch in khng |c nh qu cc tr s bng 5.

Khong cch cho php nh nht gia cc tim dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v t trn cc gi cch in.

Bng 5

Khong cch cho php nh nht (m) khi t mt ct rut dn in (mm2)

Ph|ng php t dy dn n 10 16 n 25 35 n 50 70 n 95 120

- Trn puli

- Trn cc vt cch in

0,35

0,70

0,50

0,70

0,50

1,00

0,70

1,50

1,00

1,50

3.11. Khi cp in t h theo trn nh, t|ng hoc cc kt cu xy dng ca cng trnh phi |c bt cht bng cch kp theo cc khong cch quy nh bng 6.

3.12. ng dn in c b bng kim loi, dy dn c v bo v, ng mm bng kim loi phi |c bt cht trn cc gi . Khong cch gia cc vt ng t 0,8 n 1m; gia cc vt dy dn, cp in v ng mm bng kim loi t 0,5 n 0,7m.

V tr cc im gi cp in:

Bng 6

V tr t cp in V tr cc im gi cp in

Mt phng nm ngang Cp in t trn gi : 1m vi cp in ng lc v chiu sng

Mt phng thng ng Cp in t trn gi : 1m vi cp in ng lc v chiu sng. Cp in t bng cc kp: 0,8 n 1m.

Mt phng thng ng Tt c cc im cn trnh cho v ch bin dng, ng thi trnh rut cp in trong hp u dy k cn b tc ng bi trng l|ng bn thn ca cp in gy ra.

Mt phng nm ngang ch un cong im cui mi on cp in. im cui ca on cp


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in un cong, nu cp in ln th cn t kp gia on un cong

Gn hp ni cp in v u hp ni cp in, cp in dn vo thit b in hoc ch bt u cp in

hai bn hp ni cp in. Cch hp ni, u cp in hoc ch bt u cp in khng ln qu 100mm.

Ch i qua khe ln, mch co dn Hai bn khe ln, mch co dn.

3.13. ng lun cp in khng |c un thnh gc nh qu 900. Bn knh un cong on ng khng |c nh qu cc tr s sau:

a. Khi ng t kn, bn knh un cong ng phi ln hn hoc bng 10 ln |ng knh ngoi ca ng

b. Khi ng t h v mi on ng ch c mt ch un, bn knh un cong on ng phi ln hn hoc bng 4 ln |ng knh ngoi ca ng.

c. Vi cc tr|ng hp khc, bn knh un cong on ng phi ln hn hoc bng 6 ln |ng knh ngoi ca ng.

d. Khi cp in cch in bng cao su c v bc ngoi bng ch hoc nha tng hp t trong ng thp, bn knh un cong on ng phi ln hn hoc bng 10 ln |ng knh ngoi ca cp in. Cp in c v bc bng thp, nhm, bn knh un cong on ng phi ln hn hoc bng 15 ln |ng knh ngoi ca cp in.

3.14. Khong cch gia cc im treo dy dn bc cch in hoc cp in khng c v bo v cp thp (dy thp) khng |c nh qu 1m vi dy dn cp in c mt ct rut dn in 1mm2, khng |c nh qu 1,5m vi dy dn hoc cp in c mt ct rut dn in t 1,5mm2 tr ln.

3.15. Nu khong cch giao cho gia dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v vi dy dn bc cch in c hoc khng c v bo v nh qu 10mm th dy dn khng c v bo v phi |c tng c|ng cch in nhng ch giao cho nhau.

3.16. Khi dy dn bc cch in v cp in c hoc khng c v bo v giao cho vi |ng ng phi m bo khong cch khng nh qu 50mm, vi |ng dn nhin liu lng v kh t khng nh qu 100mm. Khi khng m bo |c cc khong cch trn phi tng c|ng bo v cho dy dn v cp in chng cc tc ng v c l v on dy dn, cp in |c tng c|ng bo v t nht 250mm v mi pha ca |ng ng.

Khi giao cho vi |ng ng dn nhit, phi bo v dy dn v cp in chng nhit cao hoc phi c cc bin php thch hp.

3.17. Khong cch gia dy dn v cp in vi |ng ng khi song song vi nhau khng nh qu 100mm, vi |ng dn nhin liu, cht lng d chy hoc kh t khng nh qu 400mm. Khi dy dn v cp in song song vi ng dn nhit phi bo v chng nhit cao hoc phi c cc bin php thch hp.

3.18. Dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v khi xuyn t|ng vch ngn, sn, trn nh. phi t trong ng cch in. phng kh ro th u cui ng phi c u


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bc cch in. phng m, rt m hoc xa bn ngoi nh phi dng ng cch in u cong. Khi t|ng, vch ngn, sn, trn nh. bng vt liu d chy, chy, ng phi bng vt liu khng chy (snh, s.).

3.19. Khi xuyn t|ng, sn, trn nh, vo hoc ra ngoi nh., dy dn v cp in phi lun trong ng, hp. d dng thay th. trnh n|c thm hoc lt vo ng (hp), ng n|c hoc chy ln ra. nhng ch ng (hp) phi nht y cc khe h gia dy dn, cp in vi ng (hp) k c vi cc ng, hp d tr. Cht nht y phi m bo thay th b sung dy dn, cp in |c d dng v phi c cp chu la khng nh qu cp chu la ca t|ng, sn, trn nh.

3.20. Cho php t nhiu lp dy dn, cp in trong hp, nh|ng phi ngn cch mi lp vi nhau. Tng mt ct cc dy dn, cp in k c cc lp bc cch in v cc lp v bc bn ngoi khng |c ln hn 35% mt ct bn trong vi hp kn v 40% vi hp h np.

3.21. Vi |ng dn in t h trong nh, tr nhng phng m, rt m, phng khng chy, kh chy hoc khng c nhng vt nguy him v chy, khng dng cc loi cp in c v bc dy ay tm nha.

3.22. Dng in lin tc cho php ca dy dn, cp in t thnh b (nhm) hoc thnh nhiu lp, phi tnh vi h s gim theo s l|ng v cch t dy dn, s l|ng v v tr t|ng h ca cc b (lp) cng nh| cc dy dn khng mang ti.

3.23. Cc ng, hp, ng mm, bng kim loi ca |ng dn in phi t sao cho hi m khng t li, k c cc kh ng|ng t trong khng kh.

3.24. Trong phng kh khng c hi v kh tc ng ti v cch in v v bc ngoi dy dn v cp in, cho php ni ng, hp v ng mm bng kim loi m khng cn kn, kht.

Ni ng, hp v ng mm bng kim loi vi nhau cng nh| khi ni vo cc hp ni dy, cc thit b in phi thc hin nh| sau:

Trong cc phng c hi v kh c tc ng ti v bc cch in v v bc ngoi ca dy dn v cp in, cc thit tr in ngoi nh v cc ch n|c hoc nh t|ng c th ri vo, ng phi c thn kn v np y kn, kht.

- Trong phng c bi, ch ni ng, hoc ch ni ng vi hp v hp phi kn kht, trnh bi.

3.25. Ni ng hoc ni ng vi hp bng kim loi s dng trong h thng ni t hoc ni khng, phi tun theo cc quy nh ca tiu chun ni t cc thit b in QPXD 13 : 1978.

4. |ng dn in t kn trong nh.

4.1. |ng dn in t kn trong ng, hp v ng mm bng kim loi phi thc hin theo cc iu 3.12; 3.13; 3.19; 3.20; 3.22; 3.24; 3.25 v trong mi tr|ng hp phi kn.

4.2. Dy dn c v bo v v cp in, v bng vt liu chy, dy dn v cp in khng c v bo v khi t trong cc rnh kn, trong cc kt cy xy dng bng vt liu


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chy hoc d|i cc lp g p t|ng phi |c ngn cch v mi pha bng mt lp vt liu khng chy.

4.3. Khi t kn cc ng, hp bng vt liu kh chy trong cc hc kn, cc l hng ca cc kt cu xy dng, cc ng, hp phi |c ngn cch v mi pha vi cc b mt ca cc cu kin, chi tit bng vt liu chy bi mt lp vt liu khng chy dy t nht 10mm.

4.4. nhng phng d chy, chy, cng nh| nhng phng c vt liu d chy, chy, trn mt t|ng, vch ngn, trn v mi nh cng cc kt cu xy dng d chy, cc ng cch in chy |c v dy dn phi |c t trong lp vt liu khng chy (Aming, Phi-b-r-ximng) dy t nht 3mm hoc trong lp va trt dy t nht 5mm v v|t ra mi bn ng hoc dy dn t nht 5mm.

4.5. Cm t dy dn, cp in trong ng thng hi. ch dy dn, cp in giao cho vi ng thng hi phi t dy dn, cp in trong ng thp hoc trong ng phi b r xi mng, ng snh, s.

4.6. Dy dn v cp in c hoc khng c v bo v chy |c khi t trong cc hp g hoc d|i cc lp ng t|ng bng vt liu d chy, chy nu khng thc hin |c cc yu cu theo iu 4.4 th phi t dy dn, cp in trn cc vt cch in khng chy v phi m bo cch cc b mt bng vt liu d chy, chy t nht 10mm.

4.7. Khi t ng lun dy dn, cp in trong cc kt cu xy dng c sn hoc cc kt cu b tng lin khi, phi ni ng bng cch ren cng hoc hn tht chc chn.

4.8. Cm t |ng dn in, cp in khng c v bo v ngm trc tip trong hoc d|i cc lp va trt t|ng, trn nh nhng ch c th b ng inh hoc c l.

4.9. Cm t |ng dn in ngm trong t|ng chu lc (nm ngang) khi b su ca rnh chn ln qu 1/3 b dy t|ng.

4.10. Cm t ngm trc tip trong hoc d|i lp va trt, cc loi dy dn cp in m v cch in cng nh| v bo v b tc hi do lp va ny.

5. |ng dn in trong tng gip mi.

5.1. Trong tng gip mi c th dng nhng hnh thc t |ng dn in nh| sau:

+ t h:

- Dy dn, cp in lun trong ng cung nh| dy dn c v bo v v cp in c v bo v bc ngoi bng vt liu khng chy, kh chy t cao bt k.

- Dy dn mt rut bc cch in khng c v bo v bt trn puly s hoc s phi t cao khng nh qu 2,5m. Khi t cao nh qu 2,5m phi bo v trnh cc va chm.

+ t kn trong t|ng v trn nh bng vt liu khng chy, k c d|i hoc trong lp va trt cao bt k.

5.2. Khi t h trong tng gip mi phi dng dy dn, cp in rut ng.


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Cho php dng dy dn, cp in rut nhm trong cc nh c mi v trn bng vt liu khng chy v phi t trong ng thp hoc phi t kn trong t|ng v mi bng vt liu khng chy.

Khi t dy dn v cp in trong ng thp, phi theo cc iu 3.12; 3.13; 3.18; 3.19; 3.23; 3.24; v 3.25.

5.3. Trong tng gip mi, cho php |ng dn in r nhnh ti cc thit b t ngoi nh|ng phi dng ng thp t h hoc t kn trong t|ng v mi bng vt liu khng chy.

5.4. Trong tng gip mi phi thc hin vic ni dy hoc r nhnh trong cc hp ni dy hoc hp r nhnh bng kim loi.

5.5. Thit b iu khin, bo v n chiu sng v cc kh c in khc ca tng gip mi, phi lun trong ng cch in bng vt liu khng chy.

5.6. Dy dn, cp in xuyn qua trn nh bng vt liu chy, d chy ln tng gip mi, phi lun trong ng cch in bng vt liu khng chy.

6. |ng dn in vo nh

6.1. Dy dn t ngoi nh nhng ni c ng|i th|ng lui ti, phi |c b tr, che chn, trnh b va chm.

nhng ch ni trn, dy dn t h theo t|ng hoc cc kt cu xy dng khc, phi c khong cch t nht l:

a. Khi t nm ngang:

- Trn ban cng, mi nh: 2,5m

- Trn ca s: 0,5m

- D|i ban cng: 1,0m

- D|i ca s (k t bu ca) 1,0m

b. Khi t thng ng:

- n ca s: 0,75m

- n ban cng: 1,00m

c. Cch mt t: 2,75m

Nu treo dy trn ct gn nh, khong cch t dy dn n ban cng v ca s khi b gi thi lch i nhiu nht khng |c nh qu 1,5m.

6.2. Cm t dy dn in ngoi nh dc theo mi nh .

6.3. Dy dn bc cch in khng c v bo v t ngoi nh, v mt tip xc coi nh| dy trn.


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6.4. Khong cch gia cc dy dn vi nhau khng |c nh hn 100mm khi khong cch c nh dy n 6m v khng |c nh qu 150mm khi khong cch c nh dy qu 6m.

Khong cch gia cc im c nh dy dn ly theo bng 4.

Khong cch t dy dn n t|ng v cc kt cu khng |c nh qu 50mm.

6.5. Khong cch t dy dn n mt |ng khi giao cho vi |ng xe c gii trong khu cng trnh khng |c nh qu 4,5m, li i khng |c nh qu 3,5m.

6.6. Dy dn, cp in khi t ngoi nh trong ng thp, hp phi theo cc iu 3.12; 3.13; 3.18; 3.19; 3.23; 3.24 v 3.25.

ng thp t d|i t phi |c qut nha |ng chng r.

6.7. Cm t dy dn trong ng hoc hp chn trc tip d|i t ngoi nh.

6.8. u vo nh xuyn t|ng phi lun trong ng cch in khng chy v phi c cu to trnh n|c ng v chy vo nh.

6.9. Khong cch ca dy dn tr|c khi vo nh v vo nh ti mt t khng |c nh qu 2,75m.

6.10. Khong cch gia cc dy dn u vo nh vi nhau cng nh| t cc dy dn gn nht ti phn nh ra ca nh (mi ht.) khng |c nh qu 200mm.

6.11. u vo nh cho php xuyn qua mi nh|ng phi t trong ng thp, ng thi phi m bo khong cch t vt cch in dy cu u vo n mi khng |c nh qu 2,75m. Vi nhng cng trnh thp tng (cc gian bn hng, ki t, nh l|u ng.) m trn mi khng c ng|i lui ti, khong cch t dy dn vo nh v r nhnh ti mi khng |c nh qu 0,5m. Khi khong cch t dy dn n mt t khng |c nh qu 2,75m.

Ph lc 1

Mt s thut ng, nh ngha

1. |ng dn in l tp hp cc dy dn, cp in cng cc kt cu; chi tit bt gi v bo v.

2. |ng dn in t h l |ng dn in t c nh hoc di ng bn trn b mt cu kin xy dng.

3. ng dn in t kn l |ng dn in t trong cc kt cu ca nh (trong hoc d|i lp va trt, d|i cc tm p lt, trong t|ng, sn, trn v mi nh).

4. |ng dn in ngoi nh l |ng dn in t theo mt t|ng ngoi nh, d|i cc mi ht, cng nh| cc |ng dn in ni gia cc nh vi nhau trong khu cng trnh, t trn cc ct (khng qu 4 khong ct vi chiu di mi khong ct khng qu 25m).


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Nhnh r t |ng dy trn khng in p n 1.000V ti u vo nh thuc v |ng dy trn khng.

|ng dn in ngoi nh c th t kn hoc t h.

5. u vo nh l |ng dn in ni lin |ng dy bn ngoi vi |ng dy bn trong nh k t vt cch dn in t t|ng ngoi nh (mi nh) n thit b u vo.

6. Dy dn bc cch in c bo v l dy dn m trn b mt c v bc bng kim loi hoc bng cc vt liu khc trnh h| hng do cc lc tc ng bn ngoi.

7. Dy dn bc cch in khng c bo v l dy dn m trn b mt cch in khng c v bc c bit trnh h| hng do cc lc tc ng bn ngoi.

8. Dy dn cng l dy dn c rut l dy ng hoc dy nhm, mt hoc nhiu si xon li vi nhau, sn phm ng hoc nhm ny sau khi qua cc cng on ch|a |c trong l nhit nn dy vn cn b bin tnh cng.

9. Dy in na cng l dy dn c rut l dy ng hoc dy nhm, mt hoc nhiu si xon li vi nhau, sn phm ng hoc nhm ny sau khi qua cc cng on |c nhit thch hp.

10. Dy in na cng l dy dn c rut l dy ng hoc dy nhm, mt hoc nhiu si xon lo vi nhau, sn phm ng hoc nhm ny sau khi qua cc cng on |c nhit cao t ti mt mm do cn thit.

11. Hp l kt cu c mt ct hnh ch nht, hoc cc hnh dng khc, dng t dy dn v cp in.

Hp c th kn hoc c np c th tho m |c. Hp khng c np y gi l mng. Cc thnh hp, thnh mng c th lm bng cc tm lin mt, c l hoc c hnh thc l|i.

Hp kn phi c thnh kn. Hp c th t trong hoc ngoi nh.

12. Dn cu kin h dng t dy dn v cp in trong hoc ngoi nh.

Dn khng bo v |c dy dn v cp in trnh cc tc ng c hc, dn phi |c ch to bng vt liu khng chy.

13. Dy cng l phn chu lc ca |ng dn in, bng dy thp hoc cp thp cng trong khng gian, dng treo dy dn, cp in, tng dy hay tng b.


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Ph lc 2

c im v phn loi mt s phng theo tnh cht mi tr|ng

1. Phng kh l phng c m t|ng i khng ln qu 75%. Khi khng c nhng iu kin nu trong cc iu 5, 6, 7 th phng gi l phng bnh th|ng.

V d: Trong nh th tr khu x tm, v sinh, khu bp, tng hm, phng t my bm n|c, cc phng cn li l phng bnh th|ng.

2. Phng m l phng c m t|ng i ln qu 75% trong thi gian di, v d khu bp trong nh .

3. Phng m l phng c m t|ng i xp x 100% trong thi gian di.

4. Phng nng l phng c nhit ln qu 350C trong thi gian di.

5. Phng hoc ni c bi l phng hoc ni c nhiu bi do qu trnh sn xut hoc s dng sinh ra.

Phng hoc ni c bi |c chia ra thnh phng hoc ni c bi dn in.

6. Ni c mi tr|ng hot tnh ha hc l ni th|ng xuyn hoc trong thi gian di c sn xut, ct gi hoc s dng cc loi hi, cht pha hoi cch in, v bc v nhng phn dn in ca thit b in, dy dn v cp in.

7. Phng hoc ni nguy him v in:

+ Phng hoc ni nguy him l phng hoc ni c mt trong nhng yu t sau:

- m hoc c bi dn in.

- Nn, sn nh dn in (bng kim loi, t, b tng ct thp, gch)

- C kh nng ng|i tip xc ng thi vi mt bn l cc kt cu kim loi ca cng trnh hoc ca cc my mc, thit b cng ngh, cc c dng c bng kim loi ni t, cn mt bn l v kim loi ca cc thit b in.

+ Phng hoc ni rt nguy him l phng hoc ni c mt trong cc yu t sau:

- Rt m.

- Mi tr|ng hot tnh ha hc

- ng thi c hai yu t ca phng hoc ni nguy him.

+ Phng hoc ni t nguy him l phng hoc ni khng thuc hai loi trn.

8. Phng hoc ni c nguy him v chy l phng hoc ni sn xut, ct gi, hoc s dng cc cht chy rn hoc si (g, vi.), cc cht lng chy c nhit bc chy ca hi ln qun 450C (Cc kho du, ha cht), hoc nhng ni trong qu trnh s dng sinh ra hi bi hoc si chy trng thi bay l lng (nh| x|ng tin g.).

9. Phng hoc ni c nguy him v n l phng hoc ni trong do qu trnh cng ngh c th to ra cc hn hp n.

Bng 1 cho mt s phng trong nh v cng trnh |c phn loi theo tnh cht mi tr|ng .


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NGUYEN VURectangle


Phn loi mt s phng theo tnh cht mi tr|ng (bng 1 - ph lc 2).

Bng 1 - Ph lc 2 ca TCXD 25 : 1991

Phn loi phng theo tnh cht mi tr|ng

Tn phng hoc loi cng trnh

Kh

m

Rt

m

Bi

Nng

Hot tnh ha hc

Nguy him

v chy

Nguy

him v

n

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

1. Nh k tc x, nh kiu bit th

- Khu v sinh x tm, git x

- Khu bp x

- Tng hm x

- Ni t my bm, trm bm n|c x

- Cc phng khc x

2. Khch sn, phng ngh

- Khu v sinh, x tm, phng git, phng (ni) ra bt a, dng c, phng (ni) ra gii tr

x

- Khu bp k c ni gia cng thc n x

- Phng n, phng chi, phng ng phng (ni) gii tr

x

- Kho vi si, chn mn, m x x

- Kho xng du, cht chy, nh (ni) xe t

x

x

- Cc ni khc x

3. Cc ca hng, x nghip, dch v

- Khu v sinh, x tm ca tt c cc loi ca hng, x nghip, dch v.

x


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- Quy bch ha, bng vi si, may mc, d nha, cht do, cao su, g

x

x

- Quy hng cht t, du ha, ci, my tre, nan, g

x

x

- Ni git l, ty nhum, hp ca cc x nghip dch v

x

- Ni ng xn giy t, s sch hoc ct gi cc giy t s sch.

x

x

- Kho vt liu hoc cc thnh phn ca t la, bng vi si, len, d, giy, tranh nh sch, bo, vn ha phm, sn, cc dng bng cao su, cht do, my trn nan, du la ci, kh t .

x

x

- Trm bm n|c x

- Cc ni khc x

4. Bnh vin, phng khm, hiu thuc

- Phng khm a kho x

- Phng m, k c phng gy m, hi sc, cp cu, phng

x

x

x

- Phng bnh nhn x

- Phng b bt thay bng x

- Phng ct gi phim, c phim x x

- Phng trng ra phim, git qun o, ra bt a, dng c.

x

- Phng hp dng c, l qun o x

- Phng iu ch huyt thanh, phng v trng

x

- Bp v khu gia cng, ch bin thc n sng, chia thc n.

x

- Khu v sinh x tm, tho tht, nh


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lnh, kho lnh. x

- Kho xng du, kho cha bnh xy, te

x x

- Trm bm n|c x

- Cc ni khc x

5. Nh tr, nh mu gio

- Phng (khu) v sinh, x tm, ngi b

x

- Cc ni khc x

6. Tr|ng ph thng, i hc, trung hc, k thut dy ngh

- Khu v sinh, x tm x

- Cc phng lnh, kho lnh x

- Phng l|u tr ca th| vin x x

-Phng th nghim thu lc x

- Phng th nghim ha x

- Phng ra dng c, chai l x

- Cc phng khc x

7. Tr s c quan, nh hnh chnh, cng trnh vn ha, ngh thut, th dc, th thao.

- Khu v sinh, x tm ca cng trnh ni trn

x

- Ni l|u tr giy t, h s bn v, phim nh, phng mn, tranh nh.

x

x

- Trm bm n|c x

- B bi cc loi x

- Cc ni khc x


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