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Thomas Hoppe (TU Delft)Michiel Fremouw (TU Delft)Fionnghuala Sherry-Brennan(University of Exeter)
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Sustainable Heating: Implementation ofFossil-Free Technologies
Introduction
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Content
• Introduction SHIFFT
• Common Approach for municipalities
• Co-creation
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Sustainable Heating: Implementation ofFossil-Free Technologies
THE CHALLENGE
• 90 Mt/yr CO2 emissions from household heating in the 2Seas region
• Lack of awareness and knowledge amongst home owners• High investment costs
Introduction
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
THE OVERALL OBJECTIVE
• To Accelerate market adoption of sustainable heatingsolutions in the 2 Seas area
• To Reduce CO2 emissions by reducing fossil fuels for heating in existing household and community buildings
• To achieve a measurable impact from pilots included in theproject
Introduction
Sustainable Heating: Implementation ofFossil-Free Technologies
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
• 4 pilot investments, demonstrating sustainable heatingtechnologies
• 6 co-creation pilots, to trigger investments in sustainableheating solutions
• Guidance for other local authorities and community actors
Main outputs of SHIFFT
Sustainable Heating: Implementation ofFossil-Free Technologies
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Alternative heating solutions for the built environment
Infrared & electrical heaters
Heat pumps
Hot waterGreen gas ElectricityBiomass
Resources:
Ind
ivid
ual
Co
llect
ive
Energycarriers:
Hydrogen
Sabine Jansen TUDelft 2018
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
SHIFFT Work Packages
• Three technical Work Packages:
– WP1: develops city strategies for four municipalities as well as producing general guidance for cities (Lead: City of Mechelen).
– WP2: develops strategies for the fullest possible inclusion of communities in co-developing and co-creating low carbon heating strategies at the local level (co-creation pilots; Lead: TU Delft).
– WP3: delivery of exemplar community low carbon heating projects (investment projects; Lead: Places for People).
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Partner cities
2Seas regionUK – FR – BE – NL
SHIFFT cities
Middelburg
Bruges
Mechelen
Fourmies
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
THE MAIN OUTPUTS
• 4 pilot investments, demonstrating sustainable heatingtechnologies
• 6 co-creation pilots, to trigger investments in sustainableheating solutions
• Guidance for other local authorities and community actors
The Common Approach (part of WP1)
Sustainable Heating: Implementation ofFossil-Free Technologies
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
“Local authorities are not capable of taking up a leading role in the heat transition”
The Common Approach
Photo: Ighor Van de Vyver
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The Common Approach
• Barriers for local authorities :
– Lack of capacity (funds, staff)
– Lack of skill (technical expertise, experience)
– Lack of support within the administration (e.g. departments focus on their domain only)
– Lack of political willingness
They CAN take up a leading role, but there is a strong need for GUIDANCE and SUPPORT
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The Common Approach
Common approach =
“a framework AND approach that support you how to decide what –decarbonising - heating system to select and how to implement it“
– Not only for municipalities but other actors involved (project developers, homeowners,… (different levels))
– implementation is not only technical, also including planning, stakeholder involvement etc.
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
SHIFFT Common framework
Three angles:
1. Technical-financial (technology)
2. Governmental (policy)
3. Societal (stakeholders)
Not linear but parallel tracks
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The common approach
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The common approach
Review existing initiatives
Identify relevant expertise and obvious stakeholders
Political will, personnel, governing capacity, financial resources
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The common approach
Goals, availability, scale, options
Objectives, narratives, resources
Vertical and horizontal analyses, visions and implications, steps to take
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The common approach
Energy supply chain, local mapping, missing data?
Co-benefits, drivers and barriers, public engagement
Buildings & planning, health & social care, energy & carbon, economy & jobs, environment, policy gaps
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The common approach
Scale of action, technologies, views of stakeholders
People’s preferences, optimal approach, co-creation platform
Existing and new policies, stakeholder support, identify examples
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The common approach
Sustainable heat technologies, KPIs, targets
Priorities, technical characteristics, socio-political dynamics, transition scenarios
Deployment policy, efficiency standards regulation, pilot zones, partnership initiatives
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The common approach
Evaluate strategies vs baseline using KPIs
Stakeholders’ views on strategies, find common ground
Stimulating policies, direction setting, regulation, value and appropriateness, facilitating
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
The common approach
Develop and discuss initial plans based on technology pathway(s)
Co-implement with citizens, monitor adaptation rate, adjust if necessary
Adjust existing strategies, replicate best practice, devise new policies if required
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Flexibility in application
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TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Flexibility in application
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Flexibility in application
Top-down : from strategy to implementation
Bottom-up : strategy based on in-field experience
Example: RES – TVW – PAW The Netherlands
Example:Urban renewalprojects as anaccelerator forheating transition
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
What’s next?
• Application of the Common Approach v1.0 in the partner cities
• Incorporate lessons learned into v2.0
• Also from follower cities
• Monitor the impact of the pilot sites (WP3)
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Full report available at SHIFFTproject.eu
Citizen Engagement and Co-creation
SHIFFT WP2Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Thomas HoppeAnatol Itten
Why co-creation with sustainable heating?
• Heating is a fundamental aspect of the human need for shelter in temperate climates
• The sustainable heating transition is complex and involves disruptive change
• Co-creation provides space for citizens, politicians, and stakeholders to manage change
• Co-creation offers the potential for unravelling supply and demand challenges of sustainable heat
Challenges for sustainable heating
• Variable heat demand in buildings• Climate, building fabric, occupancy,
behaviour
• Wider issues• Health, comfort, cost, convenience,
hospitality
• Compared to gas, new heating technologies are perceived to have no, or limited, additional benefits
• High up-front costs, complex and fragmented heat markets, considerable path dependencies
Why co-creation?
• Residents and homeowners can be difficult to reach
• Limited reach of government policies in homes
• Research on the active involvement of citizens and stakeholders in the work of governments has become widespread
• Better understanding of what heating means to communities and stakeholders
Definitions of co-creation
• Co-creation has evolved as the goal to include citizens in decision-making has increased
• Different terms are used to express different concepts which vary on the role of citizens and organisations
• Co-creation is citizens and professionals sharing power and responsibility to work together in equal, reciprocal, and caring relationships
• Based on trust; not about persuasion
Defining the vocabulary
Citizens in co-creation
• In co-creation citizens take over tasks traditionally delegated to organisations
• Citizens are considered as a valuable and critical partners in projects
• Working together means:• focusing on outcomes
• exploring how sharing power and responsibility can help technology development
Understanding context
• Co-creation acknowledges the connection between society, technology and culture
• Provides a means of exploring shared responsibilities for change
• Aim to understand the priorities of those involved which means a greater focus on topics needing attention, and increasing the likelihood of solutions being adopted
Risks in co-creation
1. The Expectations Gap• Different agendas and definitions inform
expectations. These need to be discussed openly.
2. Power• Power is shifted in terms of resources and/or
knowledge.• Unequal shifts in power risks disempowering
citizens and stakeholders
3. Values• What do different groups value?
Limits in co-creation
• Validity – weighing perspectives.
• What do we mean when we say that a fact or opinion is valid?
• Multiple and different perspectives arise through co-creation
• Role of stakeholders is to stay objective
• Pragmatism – what’s practical?
• Organisations have limited capacity for co-creation
• What is ‘good enough’ to be acceptable?
• What compromises have to be made?
Co-creation guidelines
•Level of application: Individual, collective, shared solutions; project, policy
•Process: Joint fact-finding, co-initiating, co-designing, management
•Community: Exploring co-benefits, community building, responsibilities
•Methods: Storytelling, customer journeys, online tools, visualisations
•Evaluation: Impact, embedding
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Sustainable heating technologiesTechnology Level and site/location Actors Implications
Heat pumpsSolar thermalGeothermalBiogas, biomassInsulation
Individual (home and building owners)Co-designing customer journeys
Private homeownersLocal businessesElectriciansLocal media
• Increasing trust in novel technical solutions
• Voluntary installation may complement, not replace, existing system sub-optimal system
Shared storageElectric or pump solutions
Shared (owners and tenants)Co-writing feasibility studies
InvestorsDevelopersHousing contractors
• Complex model of actors and aligning interests
District heating networks Collective (urban, city, neighbourhood)Co-initiating thematic workshops
Energy utilitiesLocal politiciansDistribution system operator
• Freedom of choice reduced if there is a mandatory connection requirement
Monitoring and evaluation
• Co-creation is not a one-size-fits-all approach. An iterative approach is needed
• Monitoring and evaluation are ongoing aspects of co-creation
• Some or all of the parties involved participate in designing, doing, and interpreting evaluation
– Interviews with stakeholders to find out how they feel about the process and their involvement
– High-level snapshot of what’s happening and compare it to objectives
Evaluating co-creatively
• Asking questions in three areas:
1. Experience:• How are participants liking the
overall experience?2. Motivation:• What motivates people to
participate?3. Suggestions for improvement:• What kinds of improvements
would they prefer if they were to participate again?
• Was the setting ok or would something else be preferable?
In conclusion …
• Integrating visions and promoting equity between citizens and authorities means co-creation must start early in projects
• A just distribution of co-benefits is required
• Creates opportunities for stakeholders to build trust with citizens, letting them define what is important to them
• Effective co-creation must strike a balance between enabling heat transitions and minimising any negative side-effects
TU Delft UEI lecture // 15-09-2020 // Thomas Hoppe // Michiel Fremouw // Fionnguala Sherry-Brennan
Full report available at SHIFFTproject.eu
20190618 SHIFFT questions for meeting day 2, London | Sabine Jansen 43
Next SHIFFT webinar: 1 October 2020
Register here: https://tudelft.zoom.us/meeting/register/tJAlduGoqzMjE9SEr7Z6zGxirl4p_o9ripar
SHIFFT website:https://shifftproject.eu/