Charles W. Chestnutt

Background and Discussion Questions

Discussion:

How critical or satirical of blacks is Chesnutt in his portrayal of them?

Does he treat them with sympathy, even when they behave foolishly?

Is Chesnutt's satire biting and distant or self-involving and tolerant?

There's rarely one source of authority in a Chesnutt story.

Different points of view compete for authority. Identify the different points of view and play

them against each other.

Chesnutt's Social Purposes

How could stories about slavery have any bearing on the situation of blacks and on race relations at the turn of the century--when Chesnutt wrote--and today?

Major Themes, Historical Perspectives, and Personal Issues Major themes include the following:

Chesnutt's attitude toward the Old South; the myth of the plantation and the happy darkey, the mixed-blood (monster or natural and even an evolutionary improvement); and miscegenation* as a natural process, not something to be shocked by.

(*sexual relations between people of different races, especially of different skin colors, leading to the birth of children)

Significant Form, Style, or Artistic Conventions Chesnutt wrote during the era of literary

realism. What is his relationship to realism, its

standards, its themes, its ideas about appropriateness of subject matter and tone?

Original Audience

Chesnutt wrote for genteel magazine readers much less critical and aware of their racism than we. How does he both appeal to and gently

undermine that audience's assumptions?

Discussion questions

What predicaments of post-emancipation life are presented in the story?

Discussion questions

What is the unique predicament of those of "mixed blood"?

Discussion questions

What stratifications* have evolved in African American society by the 1890s, as portrayed in this story? (*to stratify means to form castes, classes, or

other groups based on status, or be formed into such groups)

Discussion questions

How do the Blue Veins construct the past in order to accept former slaves into their ranks?

What is the "shadow hanging over them"?

Discussion questions

Characterize the identities that Mr. Ryder and 'Liza Jane have created for themselves. What is gained and lost in their choices?

Discussion questions

Is Mr. Ryder free of "race prejudice"?

Discussion questions

Judge Mr. Ryder's response to his ethical dilemma. Does he make his decision before the ball or after presenting his dilemma to the Blue Veins? What will he do after the ball, in your opinion?

Discussion questions

Relate Mr. Ryder's belief that "Self-preservation is the first law of nature" to the dilemma and outcome of this story. Does Chesnutt sympathize with his character, Mr. Ryder?

Discussion questions

Why does Chesnutt omit white society's view of the Blue Veins from this story?

Comparisons, Contrasts, Connections

Chesnutt wrote to counter the stories of Thomas Nelson Page and Joel Chandler Harris. Chesnutt might also be compared to Paul Laurence Dunbar and Frederick Douglass as depicters of blacks on the plantation before the Civil War.