ISLAM

Key Person(s)

or Founder(s),

Date,

Location

Founded in 613

A.D. in Mecca

(Saudi Arabia) by

the Prophet

Muhammad

After Muhammad

spread mainly by the

“rightly guided caliphs”

(relative rulers after M)

Qur’an(Koran) “The recitation

or reading”

KEY WRITINGS

Written in Arabic, most “pure” when understood in Arabic

Muslims believe Allah revealed the Qur’an to Muhammad directly. It is the exact words of Allah

View of

God & The

Universe

MonotheismOnly one God who created all things (Universe) & is personal

images of Allah are forbidden!

Allah has no form.

"Allah" Arabic for

"the (al) God (Ilah)."

Allah is eternal, omniscient,

and omnipotent Creator Judge

Human

Situation &

Purpose

Purpose & Life SituationPeople are not “sinful” but start with a pure conscience. Choices are sinful or good.

Mankind

Allah “created man from a clot

of blood” as His great creation(Adam & Eve but Allah forgave)

Salvation People must prove themselves. Good deeds will be weighed against their bad deeds to decide their final destiny

Hajj “Pilgrimage”: All Muslims want to make a pilgrimage to the Holy City of Mecca once in their lifetimes.

Shahadah “declaration”: There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the messenger of Allah”

Salaah “Prayer”: Five times a day, towards Mecca

Zakaat “Almsgiving”: Muslims pay a 2.5% tax to help the poor & needy

Siyam “Fasting”: Not eating or drinking during daylight during the month of Ramadan

Human

Situation &

Purpose

Paradise is a place of physical

and spiritual

Pleasure. All that

one longed for in this

life will be in the after-life.

There are 7 levels of Paradise.

What is Our

Destiny?

(Afterlife)

Hell There are levels of hell. The level of hell depends on the

degree of offenses. Suffering is

both physical and spiritual.

What is Our

Destiny?

(Afterlife)

The Last Day,

Allah will destroy

the world and then

judge all people.

Warriors who die fighting in the cause

of Allah go to Paradise immediately

Other Key

Practices &

Beliefs

Mosqueplace of worship (temple)

Muslims pray 5X a day

The Hajj: The

pilgrimage to

Mecca

Other Key

Practices &

Beliefs

RamadanMost important holiday

(June 17th to July 17th)

Fasting celebration to

remember Muhammad

receiving the Qur’an

from Allah

Jihad A believer's internal

struggle to live out the Muslim faith

The struggle to build a good Muslim society

Holy war: the struggle to defend Islam, with force if necessary

Other Key

Practices &

Beliefs

Islam Forbids the

consumption of:

• Pork (pigs believed to be unclean)• Alcohol

Other Key

Practices &

Beliefs

Islamic law allows a man to take more than one wife as long as he has the means to treat all his wives fairly.

Hijab “barrier or partition.” Principle of modesty and includes behavior as well as dress for both males and females.

Other Key

Practices &

Beliefs

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/beliefs/niqab_1.shtml

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/beliefs/niqab_1.shtml

SHARIA All aspects of a Muslim's life are governed by Sharia. Sharia law comes from a combination of sources including the Qur'an (the Muslim holy book), the Hadith (sayings and conduct of the prophet Muhammad) and fatwas (the rulings of Islamic scholars).

Other Key

Practices &

Beliefs

http://www.newsweek.com/struggle-between-sunni-and-shia-muslims-explained-291419

Approx. 90% of Muslims

Believe successors to Muhammad should be chosen by the community

Do not believe in intermediary (middle-man) between Allah and people.

Approx. 10% of Muslims Think Muhammad’s successor

should be his relatives Believe in an intermediary called

an Imam Those with religious authority

should rule govn’t too.

Sunni

Other Key

Practices &

Beliefs

Mystical & spiritual

belief within Islam

Sufi

Shiite

http://www.newsweek.com/struggle-between-sunni-and-shia-muslims-explained-291419

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/

http://www.bbc.co.uk/religion/religions/islam/