I S S N 0 3 0 7 - 4 8 1 1

25f

Vol.28 No.4 Winter 1981

CONTENTS

Stonger Currents — J. Sanderson "One", a Fable for Today - R. Lahmer The Earth Provides - K. Jannaway

Breathing Together Vegan Camp 1981 Pulses

L. Main F. Howard T. Sanders

Also Reports, Recipes, Reviews, Letters, "Shopping with Eva"

VEGAN SOCIETY LIMITED President: Jack Sanderson Deputy President: Serena Goles

Vice-Presidents: Eva Batt, Jay Dinshah, Catherine Nimmo

Winifred Simmons, Mabel Simmons

Council: Eva Batt, Serena Coles, Christopher Hall, Kathleen Jannaway,

Jack Sanderson, Grace Smith, Alpay Torgut

Treasurer: Grace Smith

Hon. Secretary: Kathleen Jannaway, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead,

Surrey

Assistant Secretary: Laurence Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn,

nr. Machynlleth, Gwynedd, SY20 9LW, Wales.

SUBSCRIPTIONS: £2.00 yearly. Additional members at same address and not

requiring extra Journal, and unwaged, £1.00. Journal

subscriptions only: £1.60 yearly.

Editors of "THE VEGAN" quarterly journal: Jack Sanderson and Kathleen

Jannaway (who do not necessarily agree with all opinions expressed in it or

endorse advertisements).

Publication dates: 21 March, June, September, December.

Copy dates: 1st of preceding month.

The Vegan Society was formed in 1944 by a group of vegetarians who had become

aware of the suffering inseparable from the dairy industry and decided to omit

all animal products from their diet. Its advantages as regards human health and

the wise use of the world's resources became apparent and in 19.64 it was

granted Charity status. In 1979 it became a Limited Company and its Charity

status was confirmed. Its declared object is "to further knowledge of and inter-

est in sound nutrition and tn veganism and the vegan method of agriculture as a

means of increasing the potential of the earth to the physical, moral and econ-

omic advantage of mankind".

Veganism is defined as a way of living on the products of the plant kingdom to

the exclusion of flesh, fish, fowl, eggs, animal milk and its derivatives (the

taking of honey being left to individual conscience). It encourages the study and

use of alternatives for all commodities normally derived wholly or partly from

animals. Free from commitment to any religious, political, philosophical,

social, dietary or medical group, members of the Vegan Society endeavour to

co-operate with all who are seeking a positive way forward for mankind.

S T M O N G E T C U R R E N T S As the Vegan Society enters its 38th year, it is no longer an unnoticed, unnamed

rivulet just beginning its long journey to the ocean, but is now a named river,

worthy of note, and carrying a current of thought into life which will please some

and disturb many. On meeting veganism, the validity, logic and truth of its ideas

causes some to switch over to its practice immediately whilst some others re-

solve to change to it sooner or later, or more slowly perhaps because of present

family or social difficulties. Others may see it as a danger to their present life-

style or even to their livelihood. It is not usually realised how many people are

engaged in work that depends directly or indirectly upon the exploitation of the

animal kingdom - a cursory glance at the goods for sale on the next journey

through the High Street would be very revealing.

For many, veganism is something to be resisted or even attacked - unfortun-

ately it is not easy to attack fairly and directly, so attacks tend to be indirect or

to misrepresent it. The unfair attack in the medical press of two years ago, which

provoked the righteous indignation of many nutritionists who replied to it, was

followed recently by an article in the Observer (18 October, 1981, page 38) in

which Paul Levy warns of the dangers of vegetarianism and veganism. He ap-

pears to be one of that large body of people whose lives are dictated by their

taste buds - who "yearn for a plain grilled steak" even though they know that

"it is indisputable that the production of meat uses up an unjustified percentage

of the earth's resources to feed relatively few" (his own words). Many of us be-

lieve that taste buds were impaired when we were trained (often against our own

wishes) to eat flesh foods when we were children. (It is rather a sad commentary

on our time that the cost of the Observer Dinner Party which Paul is helping to

arrange is £27, the current value per week of the Old Age Pension.) Whilst this

year's World Food Day on Friday, 16 October, was intended for us to think about

the food problems of the Third World, Paul Levy suggests that for World Food

Day 1982 all concerned should lobby for a regulation that vegetarian cookery

books should carry a prominently printed health warning. Whilst the general

tone of his article was flippant and suitable for "Punch", here and there one

might gather that he knew his subject fairly well. Yet if this were so, he must

be already aware that the appropriate authorities have already published their

health warnings - on flesh and dairy diets.

No editor expects every reader to agree with him (or her) on everything he

writes for though we may vary widely in our views on religion and politics we

share the common aims implied by the term veganism. I was however surprised

by the reaction of a few readers of our Autumn issue when in the editorial I used

the occasion of the royal wedding to emphasise the intrinsic worth of each human

being and went on to stress non-exploitation-of life in general. No objective,

fair-minded person could read into the article any kind of support for the hunting

practices of any member of the Royal Family, or the farming practices of any

dignitary of the church. The next two paragraphs made my position perfectly

clear, as have many previous editorials where I have referred to this curious

1

aspect of Royal, church or general thinking, often called "speciesism", which

allows some kind of creatures to be treated in ways that would be regarded as

abhorrent for others. Animals' Rights is certainly a subject of our time and

Centaur Press have an excellent book with that title (an edited record of a *

symposium held at Cambridge in 1977). Another symposium with the same

title is being arranged on 6 May, 1982, in London by the Vegetarian Society.

After our A. G. M. held recently at Bournemouth, Jean Pink spoke on the

history and work of Animal Aid. It is her wish and that of Compassion in

World Farming that there be co-operation wherever possible in working to re-

lieve the animal kingdom and she suggested that attention be focused on the

LD50 test and also just before Christmas on the theme "A Cruelty-free

Christmas". We as a Vegan Society are happy to co-operate wherever possible

and reasonable and our members axe to be found in all the other societies

working to relieve the burden on the animal kingdom.

Sometimes an individual vegan is chided by a member of some other soci-

ety, "Why don't you be more active and join this particular society (or that)?11

usually working on some aspect of the animal problem. Most vegans that I

know are very busy and active people expressing their compassion in many

ways and movements. They do sign petitions and go on demonstrations as

others do. They are not eatingthe 7 cattle, 36 sheep, 36 pigs and 550 poultry

that the average Briton consumes in his lifetime, or exploiting many other

creatures for their products. They are probably trying to live a loving, com-

passionate life daily, and are friends of life in general, human, animal, plant

and soil. They are really friends of the earth.

Recently Serena Coles and I saw a new two hour film directed by Victor

Schoni'eld called "The Animals' Film". It is a sickening but true indictment of

man's treatment (or anathemal treatment) of the animal kingdom. Modern ag-

riculture, commercial and "sport" hunting, pets and pet foods, trapping and

fur coats, scientific research - medical, psychological, military and product-

testing - all are shown. Sooner or later, vested interests will be overcome

and the film will be shown on screen or TV. When it is - do go and see it and

take as many others as you can - friends, relations and your society. Every-

one must know what goes on - what is hidden.

When this film hits the public conciousness the reaction could be so power-

ful that societies like ours would not just be aware of strong currents but the

effect would be like shooting the rapids. We would find increased support

matched by more attacks. Let us be ready when the time comes I

J-. Sanderson

*

"Animals Rights- a Symposium" obtainable from 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey for £6. 50 plus 90p p&p.

2

)

A Brother-Sisterhood Communitj

A Fable for Today

'ONE'

We are visiting a brother-sisterhood community that lives by the "rule" of love.

Among its members are those who were formerly alcoholics who through Alco-

holics Anonymous found that through brotherly and sisterly love they could help

each other break the drink habit. This lead to the solution of many other prob-

lems so they banded together to help form this community based on the prin-

ciple of love in action and thoughts. Other members were meatoholics, cheese

and milkoholics who, when confronted with the killing and* violence necessary in

producing these products, realised that they had been blinded by tradition, fam-

ily customs, doctors and commercial-declarations. Only rarely did one admit

that they would eat meat and cheese or drink milk if they personally had to kill

the animals and hear the crying and pain, particularly of the mothers when the

young animals are taken away so that milk can be used by humans. When they

realised also that these habits of eating resulted, particularly in later life, in

many sicknesses it was not so difficult to change their habits when helped by

others who had already taken that step.

There were also those who were addicted to sugar, tobacco and other drugs.

Love has brought them together to help form a new, more humane society which

avoids as far as possible all harmful substances or actions to the body and

mind, to the earth, the animals, the air, rivers and seas. Theirs is mostly an

outdoor life among fruit and nut trees, vegetable and flower gardens which

supply their physical and spiritual food. Even the so-called wild animals and

birds .are responding to the love principle and no longer have fear of humans

here. In the communities are doctors, scientists and dieticians who have

proved without a doubt that man's best food is frUit, nuts, vegetables and grains

and that one's health is best preserved and strengthened by following a mostly

uncooked eating regime. The former farmers and agronomists iamong them are

helping to solve the food problems with natural scientific methods and everyone

takes part and does their share of work in the gardens and orchards.

Let's talk to one of the members. Sir, how did you happen to join this com-

munity?

"I was a factory worker in a large city trying to raise my family in the midst

of the city pollution, with strikes, street violence and all the problems of a

large industrial city, when one summer I was vacationing near here and was

told about the "One" by a friend. It seemed too good to be true so I came to see

for myself and was kindly invited to spend some time in the guest house and

learn about the community's principles and life. The whole atmosphere was so

unhurried, and I never remember seeing so many smiling and happy faces; It

seemed another world. I soon began to reason, why should I struggle for a big

3

city company and their profits when here I could work for my family and share

with neighbours and have an opportunity to learn and create together for the wel-

fare of the community;? It didn't take us long to decide to come here and we can

never be thankful enough to those who guided us to this place. You should talk to

father John who Is one of the older members of the "One".

So we found father John and asked him to tell us about the community and its

life.

"Look, my friend, look at your hands, at your feet, your body - eyes, ears,

the ability to taste and smell and feel, your brain, your nervous, digestive and

circulatory systems. Can you imagine an instrument any more perfect than this

human body? It is holy and must becaredfor with reverence. Doesn't it make

sense to supply it with its proper food, exercise, rest and sleep? If we do so it

will continue to serve us in optimum health for many, many years."

"Now look at the soil under your feet. It is swarming with millions of little

creatures that also need to be cared for. By composting all, and I mean all, of

our wastes and returning them to the earth we feed these little creatures and

they then work for us by giving us healthy plants which then, when eaten, pro-

duce health in the animals and humans."

"Our rule of love means that we care for ourselves and our neighbours, rev-

erence all life, human, animal and plant life, have no human or animals slaves.

We work together as a family and as far as possible supply our own needs. We

urge all men and women to live by this rule which is our heritage from God

who is "love" as almost every great religious leader of the past has told us."

Why did you name the community "one".

"We are all one, like an orchestra with many different instruments that

must tune to a single tone. If they didn't the music would be chaotic. We must

all tune to the "One", to love. This could free the world from violence and fear.

Together we could help the world to feed the hungry. Do you realise that ten

times more food could be grown on the land if we gave up the meat, cheese and

milk eating habits and turned to an agronomy based upon fruits, nuts, vegetables

and grains? The sun and tree farms could supply all the energy needs. "

"You see, since we work for ourselves and each other and not for profit we

have much time left for other activities. There is much singing and making

music in our group. We have a fine chorus and chamber orchestra. We write

and put on plays and make films. We send members out to tell others about the

"One". We have doctors of medicine, philosophy, humanities, scientists, ag-

ronomists who have accepted this way of life. We have composers, artists,

craftsmen, teachers, workers, people from all walks of life who live on our

communities and share in our daily programme of work and activities. All are

free to develop their talents and tendencies. We keep each community to ap-

proximately one hundred members and it seems to function best when small. "

How do you finance the community?

4

"Here, once established, we have few problems as we are mostly self-suffic-

ient in food, clothing and essentials. Our electricity and energy is supplied by a

central sun-collector. Housing can at first be a problem but many members come

to us with some funds that helps projects to get started. We are not luxury loving

but try to live a simple, full life."

How do you do for sports and games ?

"Look, our sport is our life, our gardens and orchards. We exercise daily

and have swimming facilities but these are all for the development of our

bodies and minds.

How is such a community started and how does one go about joining one?

"We have several booklets that give this information, one about our general

policies and the "rule" of love, another about man's natural foods, one on com-

posting and compost toilets, mulching and enriching the soil, another about how

to begin such a community. We are not an exclusive society. Anyone can form

such a community but all will fail if they do not abide by the "rule" of love. We

urge each person to begin each day by asking love to guide one's actions and

thoughts, greet the morning with love for your wife or husband, family, home

and neighbours. Even plants and flowers will respond to loving care and

thoughts. In one's work and contact with others send out vibrations of love and

see how great will be the response. As the day fades and one's eyes close for

the night's sleep and rest, ask love to embrace your dreams and your nightly

hours. As you follow this rule you find that it becomes more and more con-

tagious and you learn to see love everywhere, in others, in all things, and one

begins to realise that this is the generating force of life. This our rule is the

basic principle that binds all together and makes us "One".

Thank you father John. Reuel Lahmer

THE CHURCH'S SUPREME DISGRACE by Vera

/ , Yorke, published by "New Horizon", Bognor Regis,

E K W w ttVteCV* Sussex. £4.50 + 50p p. & p. obtainable from the

Vegan Society.

This book is an impassioned plea for recognition of the true status of mammals

and birds as creatures with feelings much the same as our own, differing from

us mainly in that they are not capable of the diabolic cruelty that dominates our

actions in so many areas of modern life. Vera Yorke blames the Church's

teaching that "animals were put into the world for our use" for much of the in-

difference that is shown to their suffering. Besides a sorry chronicle of man's

sins against his "lesser" brethren, there are moving stories of animals' ability

to show love and much useful information about the campaigns to get adequate

legislation for their protection. Every effort must be made to get the book read

by those who acquiesce in the crimes it deplores. K. J.

\ 5

The Earth Provides . . . • K. Jannaway

Growing, awareness of the impending nuclear holocaust is to be welcomed but we

must not allow ourselves to forget the twin horror of world hunger. While we fear

for our children in the future, millions of people are watching their children die

slow, agonising deaths at this moment. The problems leading to both horrors can

be solved if we have the courage to face them honestly, accept our personal re-

sponsibility and act accordingly. Herr Willi Brandt, launching World Food Day

last month, said: "The fate of every single hungry person constitutes a crime

against the values, the principles and the goals that allegedly inspire the lives of

those who do not suffer from hunger."

The critical state of the world today both as regards impending nuclear war

and present starvation is the result of the misuse of knowledge, power and re-

sources in vain attempts to satisfy greed instead of meeting need. The misuse

springs from lack of recognition of the essential need of the human animal to

grow into realms beyond the physical.

Materialistic greed "grows by what it feeds on" and can never be satisfied

within the confines of the planet that it is rapidly destroying. The earth can pro-

vide enough to satisfy all the genuine physical needs of people but, those needs

met, they must turn for fulfilment to those spiritual resources that, like the

coins in the fairy-tale purse, grow ever greater the more they are used. One of

the greatest of those resources is the disinterested compassion that has in-

spired the vegan movement since its beginning. On the physical level too, the

vegan way has much to offer towards a solution of world hunger.

A decade or so ago it was accepted that it was the overall shortage of food

that caused so many to starve; now maldistribution is blamed - there is enough

food for those who can afford to buy it. Willi Brandt calls for the strength "to

overcome the blatant mass injustice of avoidable hunger" and says that we can

leave for a few decades "technical discussion on methods of farming and types of

nutrition". He is wrong! One of the most blatant forms of maldistribution is

through the intensive livestock industry which uses millions of tons of food that

could nourish human beings. Facts and figures relevant to this point now appear

in many publications (they are given in the Vegan Society leaflet "Two Population

Explosions", published in 1972). Seldom publicised is the fact that wasteful

habits of meat-eating are actively promoted throughout the world. Western edu-

cated elite in Third World countries, some of them traditionally vegetarian,

adopt the meat-eating habits of the dominant culture and their poor go hungrier.

Erstwhile peasants that through generations have had very few animal products

demand the diets of their former masters. Oil revenues in the Middle East are

used to pay for ever more cargoes of sheep for ritual slaughter. We cannot wait

for decades to reverse this trend. The earth can provide enough to feed the

world's people but not to feed also the animals that would have to be bred to pro-

vide a Western-type diet for them.

6

Most writers on the world food problem deplore the wastefulness of meat pro-

duction but assure us that we need not turn vegetarian. Who will then be privil-

eged to eat the small amounts of meat that it is economic to produce? The rich

and powerful, of course, thus continuing to heighten the prestige value of the diet,

thus stoking the fires of what Barbara Ward so aptly called "the revolution of

rising expectations". "In Russia and Poland," the B. B. C. news commentator

said, "progress is associated with meat-eating."

Vegans have proved that animal products are unnecessary for human health;

economists agree that enough plant food can be grown to feed everyone, if it is

eaten directly. Now it is essential that all people of good will follow the vegan

way, thus giving prestige value to the diet that is based not only on the logical

use of resources to meet needs, on the justice of fair shares for all the world's

people, but also on that disinterested compassion for all life that suffers that

alone can generate the will to solve the problems of war and hunger.

We are told that animals can be fed on grasslands unsuitable for arable crops

and on the parts of plants unsuitable for human digestions, and that therefore

animal husbandry is justifiable. Given the will, humans could plant the grass-

lands and the deserts, and the hillsides, with suitable trees that would provide

not only food but also fibres, building materials, fuel, shelter, almost every-

thing man needs, while at the same time purifying the air, maintaining the

water-table and checking flood, drought and soil erosion. Grazing animals are

the enemies of the forest.

The inedible and unusual parts of plants could provide compost to maintain the

fertility of the soil. There is no more need to use animals as walking compost

bins than there is to turn plant foods wastefully into slaughterhouse products.

Throughout history man has used animals as a source of power greater than

that of his own muscles to till the soil, to cart the harvest, to irrigate the

fields. The growing of more tree and other perennial crops would greatly re-

duce the amount of ploughing and irrigation that was necessary, with beneficial

effects on soil structure. Deserts have been caused by over-cultivation and al-

ready American wheatlands have lost 25% of their top soil. Men and women

evolved as hunters and gatherers of largely tree crops and only comparatively

recently have they adapted to grain consumption. Perhaps this is one reason

why so many are now being found to be allergic to cereals.

In so far as we need power beyond that of our own muscles, we can now use

not animal slaves but machines powered by sun, wind, water and fuel supplied

by trees. Plans for using "biomass for energy" have advanced far since the leaf-

let the Vegan Society produced drawing attention to the subject in 1977. Prices •

of petrol substitutes are now competitive, and recently an E. E. C. conference

discussed the possibility of producing less milk and giving over the land to fuel

crops instead. Land availability is the limiting factor in most biomass-for-

energy plans. Land must be released from the unnecessary livestock that domin-

ate its use in many parts of the world. The temptation to use peasant croplands

\ 7

must be resisted. Already in some countries priority is being given to petrol

for the rich man's car over food for the poor man's stomach. Also resisted must

be the environmentally damaging monoculture of conifers and annual crops.

However valid the objections to "crops fox petrol", they are as nothing com-

pared to the dangers of nuclear power stations with their possible use for the

proliferation of nuclear weaponry. With the wise use of land taken from the vast

acreage now devoted to the monoculture of cereals and seeded pasture to sup-

port livestock, the production of crops for energy could be of benefit to the en-

vironment.

Land use is crucial to any solution of the food crisis. Owner occupiers,

freed from the power of money lenders and bureaucratic state authority, helped

with appropriate tools, with traditional knowledge and skills married to the re-

sults of scientific research humbly offered, can do more than anyone else to

grow enough food. At the moment the trend is for more and more land to be ac-

quired by multi-nationals to produce luxury crops for export. The rich in de-

veloping countries acquire more and more of the peasant holdings for cash

crops so that they can buy prestige items from the industrialised world. The

peasants join the starving in the shanty towns. Governments in the Third

World trade food crops for arms and technology that they would often be better

without. Thus again greed takes precedence over need.

Local production of food crops can fail in bad seasons and as a result of

"natural disasters". Primitive people use their livestock as storage vehicles,

feeding the animals well in times of plenty and killing and eating them when

crops fail. It is not necessary now to use animals as living storage bins; skills

and resources can be used to provide not only locaL stores but central world

stocks that, with modern means of communication and transport can be made

available speedily anywhere in the world. The latter was agreed at the United

Nations Conference in 1975 but never properly implemented though stocks of

grain in several countries have been embarrassingly high and America has

sold millions of tons to Russia for her intensive livestock industry.

The immediate prospect before us is menacing indeed but there is growing

awareness that the dangers that threaten to overwhelm us are of our own mak-

ing and that they can be averted if we can wake up from our petty selfish

pre-occupations in time.

Thank God our time is now when wrong

Comes up to meet us everywhere

Never to leave us till we take

The longest stride of soul men ever took.

Affairs are now soul size.

It takes so many years to wake

But will you wake for pity's sake.

from "A Sleep of Prisoners"

by Christopher Fry

8

TOGETHER The prospect of global disaster looms closer as the 1980s unfold. Many great

seers have predicted that the Earth will undergo a traumatic cleansing operation

at the end of this century. We do not need such prophecies to warn us about the

dangers of atomic bombs and the other instruments of extinction which we have

assembled in our M .A .D . idea of defence. We are now entering the astrological

Age of Aquarius. As the Tibetans say, "We must breathe out the bad before

breathing in the good." Birth is always a risky procedure. If the promised New

Age is not to be still-born, we must work towards creating it now.

What can we do? There can be no mistakes this time. We have rushed head-

long into this nightmare situation like children whose physical growth has far

outstripped their emotional development. Efforts to change society outwardly

have failed. The two powers that threaten to destroy us all, the U. S. S. R. and

the U. S. A . , are both the products of revolutions. The exploited have provided

the next generation of exploiters, while the masses have been enslaved by the

material things they craved as tools of freedom. Scale and speed have been the

real changes as we face disaster.

We who are committed to a New Age must respond to the crisis by trans-

forming ourselves. Real change comes from inside us. In Arthurian legend, the

perfect knight who achieves the grail is Perceval, he who remade himself. We

advance by sudden intuition-, new principles, new ways of seeing. Perhaps we

are guided by the return of ancient souls and the availability of wisdom that has

been hidden for centuries. Part of this wisdom has been the need to adopt a

vegan diet. Spiritual improvement must come first but the practising of spirit-

ual principles as in a vegan diet cannot be separated. It may be that the adopt-

ion of our more compassionate diet is an aid to the spirit.

There are many facets to the New Age movement. Transformation cannot be

partial, however, and we find ourselves coming together, apparent to each

other in the crowd. We follow the same methods and principles. Our new region

of consciousness opens to us when we are quietly vigilant rather than busily

thinking and planning. Only that which is deeply felt can change us. Rational

argument alone cannot penetrate the layers of fear and conditioning that com-

prise our crippling belief systems. Aware of this, we are gentle in our con-

frontations. "To the blind, all things are sudden", but some of us have been

here a long time, often as a source of popular amusement. Now we have grown

and seem threatening because we are different. Tomorrow our message will

seem foreordained. The stress of our times has transformed us. Having a true

understanding of our nature has given us the self-confidence to do what we be-

lieve to be right. Only through such minds can humanity remake itself.

Modern telecommunications have made Marshall McLuhan's "global village"

a reality, bringing empathy, deeper awareness and revolt against imposed

I 9

patterns. We have crossed into another dimension which cannot be described,

only experienced. Triggered off by stress, the alternative to transformation is to

deny, to repress, to avoid. By paying attention to our pain we have liberated our-

selves.

We tread a lonely path but there is a support network in small groups of

friends. We are midwives to each other. Our minds can join to heal and trans-

form society. We do not wish to control others and thereby render ourselves cap-

tive to their needs. By giving others freedom, we free ourselves. By discovering

uncertainty we defeat dogma. We begin to trust intuition and to feel a vocation.

By the inviolate nature of individual choice no one can persuade another to change.

We often are isolated in our family homes but our fear vanishes as we realise all

change is by choice. Personal example is the greatest instrument for social

change. We are expressing a collective need, preparing for an evolutionary leap.

"What is to give light must endure burning."

Self and society are inseparable. Eventually anyone concerned with the trans-

formation of the individual must engage in social action. If we go it alone the sys-

tem will overcome us. United, we shall change the system. We exist as a network

of volunteers, not as a bureaucracy. Our strength is in co-operation, not in cent-

ralisation. It is impossible to change one element in a culture without altering all

of them. Our fellow-conspirators are at work in the fields of health, education,

work, religion and human relationships. If we have approached the vegan way of

life with the right motives we are putting the New Age into practice. As we ap-

proach the crisis, may we humbly play our part in the spirit of Gandhi:

"I will not coerce you. Neither will I be coerced by you. If you behave unjustly,

I will not oppose you by violence (body-force) but by the force of truth - the integ-

rity of my beliefs. My integrity Is evident in my willingness to suffer, to endanger

myself, to go to prison, even to die if necessary. But I will not co-operate with

injustice. Seeing my intention, sensing my compassion and my openness to your

needs, you will respond in ways I could never manage by threat, bargaining,

pleading, or body-force. Together we can solve the problem. tt_ is our opponent,

not each other."

Laurence Main

An adventure holiday in the Peak District National Park for unaccompanied young people aged 11 - 16, with special provision for vegans is being offered for a week from August 7th. Apply Richard Larkins, Peak Adventure Holidays, 14 Alwyn Street, Liverpool L17 7DX. Tel: 051-727-0189 mentioning "The Vegan".

10

V E G A N C A M P 1 9 8 1

Vegan people from eight families gathered together at the Vaenlol camping site at

Tywyn (also called Towyn) on the mid-Wales coast during the week August 1-9,

1981. There were 23 of us altogether. Not all of us were permanently vegan, and

none of us were perfectly so. We were just a group of ordinary people with vegan-

ism drawing us together. There were two families with children and both parents;

three families with only one parent present; one couple whose children had grown

up; and two single people. There were 12 children altogether, four aged one to

three, five aged four to ten, and three aged 11 to 15. There was nobody under one

year of age, but one toddler was still breastfeeding, much to the surprise of the

other toddlers who had been weaned, and told that only tiny babies had breastmilk.

In isolation, vegan families develop very differently from each other. The over-

threes played happily together, and the single people mingled with the families.

Living together, we realised afresh that other people's children, however angelic

they appear, are people with mind's of their own.

We were all catering for ourselves and going on our outings but we found time

to get together and begin to know each other. A minor accident made people open

their first aid kits and produce first aid remedies. As we got to know each

other better, we felt able to discuss personal and family matters in the friendly

and caring atmosphere. Three families got together for a joint meal, which was

enjoyed both for the food and the fellowship.

Favourite outings were the beach, indoor heated swimming pool, the steam

railway, and the Alternative Technology Centre. The beach had lots of sand and

afforded paddling. Swimming was safe only When the tide was coming in. Our

older children built a sand castle with a sea rampart, then stayed on the beach

past sundown and moonrise to watch the tide come in. It took 144 waves to wash

the castle away. The Tall y Llyn railway is one of the most long established of

the antique tourist railways^ Most of us enjoyed stopping off at the Dolgoch

Falls station where a steep winding path gives views of a mountain stream tumb-

ling down a wooded hillside. The Alternative Technology Centre, near

Machynlleth, has now been established for six years. There are displays of

water-mills and wind-mills, solar panels, compost-toilets and water-saving

toilets, intensive gardening, energy conservation, books and food. There was

something to interest children of all ages, including sand pits, rope bridge, and

a maze in a shrubbery to illustrate the politics of ecology, which excited the

teenagers. Some of us went house-hunting, but without immediate success. None

of us attempted the ascent of Cader Idris 12 miles away, its craggy peak tower-

ing 2,900 feet above sea level. The Tywyn castles, where Welsh fought English,

the churches and the bird rock five miles away remained unexplored by any of us.

The only walk we managed was up the nearest hill. For those with cars, lake

Bala was within reach. The picturesque coastal railway passes through Tywyn,

linking towns along the coast.

Often it was just pleasant to enjoy being on the camp site with friendly

11

vegans around. It was good to live out in the open, every meal a picnic. At night

when all the campers had settled down, there were just the stars or clouds above

us, the sounds of the waves on the beach, the snores of other campers, and the

grunts of a hedgehog out to gather crumbs.

We could not get everybody together at once, but we managed one half hour

meeting with most of the adults present, at which we discussed what we thought

about the camp, future plans, etc. We all agreed that there should be another

camp next year and were grateful to Laurence Main for his initiative. The place

for next year's camp, we thought, should not be too far north or south, so

Scotland and the West Country are out. Wales, or perhaps the Pennines or Lake

District seem not too far for most people. The date should avoid school terms

and obvious vegetarian dates such as the Vegetarian Society A. G. M. and the

International Vegetarian Congress in Ulm, Germany in 1982-

This year there were not enough of us to have our own field. It would have

been better if more people had written to the vegan camp organiser well in ad-

vance to say they were coming, and had kept to their plans. This would not rule

out those who decide to come at the last minute. We also felt it would be a very

good idea to have a large tent or small marquee in which we could have meetings,

write postcards or play games in wet weather, and in which we could make our

own entertainment, invent vegan songs, perform short sketches, etc. This

would obviously need a lot more organisation than any of us were prepared to

give, but next year, who knows, perhaps enthusiasts will appear.

Every cultural group, with members scattered amongst people of different

outlook, benefits from a summer gathering of this kind. For example, in my

own childhood, expatriate families in China gathered at the mountain resort of

Kuling to escape the worst of the summer heat. Our family treasures many

happy memories and friendships from those days.

I do hope that the Vegan Summer Camp will become a regular feature in the

life of the Vegan Society. It would strengthen ties between families, provide

friends for lone vegans, and give young vegans a chance to know others of their

own age. This would help to ensure that veganism is continued and passed on

from one generation to the next.

We are looking forward to the Vegan Camp in 1982.

FRANCES HOWARD

V E G A N C A M P 1 9 8 2

By popular demand, we intend holding another camp to which all vegans -

single, with or without children, young or old - are most welcome. The ma-

jority of members who have written in about this have asked for a Welsh venue

again. The venue for 1982 will, therefore, be Newpark Camping and Caravan

Park, Port Eynon, Gower, West Glamorgan. The map reference is SS 465858

(Landranger map 159 and Pathfinder map SS 48/58/68 South Gower). The site is

connected to Swansea by a fairly good summer bus service (No. 18), while

Swansea is the western terminus of the inter-city 125s from Paddington and is

easy to reach by train from other parts of the country. Swansea has several

12

connected to Swansea by a fairly good summer bus service (No. 18), while

Swansea is the western terminus of the inter-city 125s from Paddington and is

easy to reach by train from other parts of the country. Swansea has several good

health food shops as well as a vegan restaurant. The Gower is a most beautiful

peninsula, rich in fine scenery, sandy beaches and in history. There is a beach

right beside the camp-site, which has excellent facilities (including toilets). Al-

though there are 175 pitches, it is advisable to book well in advance with, the

owner, Mr. E. G. Loosemore (tel. Gower 292 or 478). We shall do our best to

collect the vegans together, as long as you book soon with Mr. Loosemore and

contact Laurence Main (address on publications page) so that we can arrange

for a suitable area to be reserved for us as long as we have enough bookings in

good time. The date of the Vegan Camp week will be the first week of August

again, to coincide with the Royal National Eisteddfod in the University College of

Wales, Swansea, at which there should be a Vegan Society stall, from August 1

to 7, although campers may stay for longer.

Youth hostellers will note that Port Eynon also has a youth hostel, for which

advance booking is also strongly advised. Details of how we shall meet and

what may be arranged will be printed in the Spring 1982 "Vegan", but an easy

means of identification is for each of us to wear our distinctive Vegan T-shirts.

With its overtones of superstition and cloak and dagger revolution, the title may

seem inappropriate for a book of considerable scientific importance. Marilyn

Ferguson, author of "The Brain Revolution" and publisher of Brain/Mind

Bulletin, which deals with humanistic medicine, memory, learning, creativity,

brain research, bio-feedback, pain and the physics of consciousness, presents

over 400 pages of carefully researched ewidence of the transformation of

human consciousness that is now taking place.

It is regrettable that Marilyn Ferguson seems unaware of the Animal Libera-

tion movement. Perhaps that is our fault. It is time we broke through into the

powerful scientific world with our message that the human intellect must become

a tool of compassion and used for all life.

How Teilhard de Char din, who pleaded that we should "carry his thought fur-

ther", would have revelled in this book. It is a hopeful book confirming Teil-

hard's faith that the awesome developments that we are witnessing are not evid-

dence of "an irresistible increase in the tide of war, but simply a clash of

currents: the old disruptive forces driving against a merging in the depths which

is already taking place". „ T

Laurence Main

Book Review

THE AQUARIAN CONSPIRACY: Personal and Social

Transformation in the 1980s. Routledge & Kegan

Paul. £12.95 + £1.20 p. & p. but offered while

stocks last to members of the Vegan Society from its

office only, for £11.00

! [

13

putses Pulses or legumes are the seeds of the Fabaceae or Leguminosae more commonly

known as peas, beans and lentils. The word pulse is derived from the Latin puis

which means pottage. Leguminous plants are unique in that they can convert at-

mospheric nitrogen into protein with the help of bacteria in their root nodules.

Consequently pulses are very good sources of protein: they contain about 20% by

weight protein on a dry weight basis (soyabeans contain twice as much). The pro-

tein quality of all pulses is low when they are raw but improves with cooking,

notably so in the case of soyabeans. Pulses' when eaten together with cereals

provide high quality protein, e.g. peanut butter on bread or baked beans on toast.

Soyabeans and peanuts unlike other pulses also contain substantial amounts of fat.

All pulses contain plenty of the vitamins of the B-complex but not vitamin B12.

Bean sprouts are a good source of vitamin C.

Most pulses when mature contain poisonous substances. For example, Lima

beans contain cyanogenic glycosides which can lead to the evolution of hydrogen

cyanide, soyabeans contain trypsin inhibitors and toxic lectins and red kidney

beans contain large amounts of haemagglutinins. In most cases these compounds

are destroyed on processing or cooking but some pulses remain poisonous even

after cooking, for example sweet peas and laburnum. Pulses have been used by

man as food for thousands of years.Esau sold his birthright for a mess of pottage

(a plate of lentils). Pulses still form a substantial part of the diet of people livinf

in N. Africa and the Middle East. Various colour grams (e.g. mung beans,

Bengal gram) have been used in India and soyabeans have a long history in China

and S. E. Asia. The United States is the world's biggest producer of pulses and

many of the pulses which are now widely cultivated originate from the New World,

for example peanuts and various beans of the Phaseolus species such as navy

beans, kidney beans, haricot beans, runner beans and french beans. Traditional

methods of cooking and processing pulses generally destroy any undesirable com-

ponents. It is usually only when deviations from these traditional practices are

made that problems arise.

Peanuts are the only pulses we can eat without cooking. However, if mould

grows on the peanut before it is shelled they can be poisonous. Compounds called

aflotoxins are produced by the mould that grows on peanuts and these can cause

liver cancer. Indeed, this has been used to explain the very high incidence of

liver cancer in W . Africa and S. E. Asia where peanuts form part of the staple

diet and the tropical climate favours the rapid growth of mould. Strict laws are

in force in this country to prohibit imports of mouldy peanut but this is difficult to

enforce. It is important to ensure that peanuts are kept in dry conditions so that

the growth of mould is not encouraged.

Most pulses contain trypsin inhibitors; these compounds inhibit the action of

the protein digesting enzyme trypsin which is secreted by the pancreas into the

gut. Most of the beans belonging to the Phaseolus species and soyabeans contain

14

large amounts of trypsin inhibitors. The body responds to trypsin inhibitors by

producing more trypsin and this can lead to enlargement of the pancreas. Fortu-

nately most of the trypsin inhibitor activity in pulses is destroyed on cooking.

The potential toxicity of dried red kidney beans has received widespread pub-

licity as a result of a BBC TV programme "That's Life". Several hundred

people have suffered severe stomach upsets and diarrhoea as a result of eating

raw or undercooked red kidney beans. Raw kidney beans contain large amounts

of haemagglutinins. Haemagglutinins are a type of lectin and they cause acute

gastrointestinal upsets. The natural functions of lectins is to attract nitrogen

fixing bacteria to the germinating seed. Lectins are only formed when the bean

matures and unripe kidney beans eaten raw do not appear to be toxic. Indeed,

french beans which are also a variety of Phaseolus vulgaris are eaten in the

immature stage with only the minimum of cooking. Lectins like trypsin inhibi-

tors are destroyed by boiling for ten minutes so if the beans are boiled for ten

minutes they will be harmless. The people who suffered from kidney bean

poisoning had either eaten raw kidney beans, which had been soaked until soft,

or had eaten kidney beans that had been cooked in a slow cooker which did not

reach a high enough temperature to destroy the lectins. Toxic amounts of lec-

tins are also found in soya beans and it is important that soyaflour used in

vegan recipes is of the type that has been heat treated. The red kidney bean

scare undoubtedly put some people off eating pulses but providing certain

guidelines are followed pulses pose no hazard to health.

1) Always cook dry beans for at least ten minutes in boiling water. There is no

need to soak the beans overnight.

2) Do not add salt to the beans until they are soft as this unnecessarily prolongs

cooking time.

3) Green mung beans are the best pulses to sprout and can be eaten raw.

4) Runner beans, broad beans and peas, as they are picked when immature, only

need 3-5 minutes cooking in boiling water.

5) Soyabean flour* if it is to be used for thickening sauces must be of a heat

treated variety, e. g. Prewett's Soyolk.

T .A .B . Sanders, B.Sc. (Nutrition), Ph.D.

*

Editorial Note - With regard to unpackaged varieties of soya flour assurance

from the seller must be sought as to whether the flour has been adequately heat

treated. If in doubt the cheese, sauce, soup, etc. must be kept at a temperature

above boiling point for ten minutes.

Be very careful if sprouting bean (or mixed ) seeds and throw away any that

do not sprout. Throw away the water that beans have been soaked in.

15

FOR misim Q\n$~ Obtainable from the Assistant Secretary, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, nr.

Machynlleth, Gwynedd, SW20 9LW. All prices include postage as in November,

1981. Please make cheques out to the Vegan Society Ltd.

FOOD FOR A FUTURE by Jon Wynne-Tyson, a comprehensive case for veg-

etarianism and veganism, vividly expressed, with facts, figures and tables.

Paperback. Cox & Wyman Ltd. £1.75

THE VEGETARIAN HANDBOOK - complete guide to vegetarian (including

vegan) nutrition by American author Rodger Doyle. £3.35

Three publications from the Vegan Community "The Farm", Tennessee:

1) THE VEGETARIAN COOKBOOK (revised edition) £3.50

2) SPIRITUAL TEACHINGS, Volume 1- £2.35

3) THIS SEASON'S PEOPLE . £1.80

HEALTHY EATING FOR THE NEW AGE. Vegan cookbook by Joyce

d'Silva. £4.37

new;

THE VEGAN W A Y Why? and How? by 10 very different vegans with

recipes and menus 6Op

PIONEERS (reprint) - Reminiscences of 12 early vegans. 60p

INTRODUCTION T O PRACTICAL VEGANISM by K. Jannaway. With

recipes and section on "The Vegan Dairy". 60p

T-shirts - good quality white cotton with sunflower emblem in green. Small,

medium, large, £3. 50 each including p. & p.

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * *

WHAT 'S COOKING? by Eva Batt. Cookery book and food guide. Revised

and enlarged edition, over 300 recipes. £3.50

FIRST HAND: FIRST RATE by K. Jannaway. Sixty simple recipes and

ideas for economical, healthy living (savouries, cakes, etc., with oil

and no sugar), plus towards self-sufficiency gardening hints. 65p

VEGAN NUTRITION by Frey Ellis, M . D . , F . R . C . Path., & T. Sanders,.

Ph .D . (Nutr.). Scientific assessment of vegan diet based on recent

research. Easy to follow tables. 90p

VEGAN MOTHERS AND CHILDREN. Booklet by 10 vegan mothers plus

reports of recent research. 65p

IN LIGHTER VEIN by Eva Batt. Verses to amuse and arouse pity. 65p

SALADINGS from the garden and hedgerow, by Mabel Cluer. 90p

FESTIVE RECIPES. Leaflet with Christmas and party recipes. 25p

Badges, brooches or pendants (send s. a. e.). 7 5 P

16

FUTURE MEETINGS Monthly Discussion and Social Evenings, 4th Thursdays, 6.45-9.15 p. m. at

Friends Meeting House, 52 St. Martins Lane, Westminster (entrance Hop

Gardens) near Trafalgar Square and Leicester Square underground stations,

OR — . the Nature Cure Clinic. Please check location with Kathleen Jannaway,

Leatherhead 72389. Do come and bring your friends. Drinks served 6.45 to 7.00 p. m.

Day Course in Vegan Diet. May 15, 1982, Richmond Adult College, Surrey. This

course, which gives opportunity to discuss common interests with like minded

people in pleasant surroundings as well as to leam from experts, is always

over-booked so send soon for details if you are interested - to Kathleen

Jannaway, 47 Highlands Road, Leatherhead, Surrey. NOT the College.

Dr. Frey Ellis Memorial Lecture. We are hoping to arrange this for early

April. Look for details in the Spring 1982 "Vegan", the "London Vegan News"

(see page 24 ) and "The Vegetarian".

Vegan Gluten Free Diet - cookery demonstration (and super meali), Tuesday,

January 19, 1982 at 6.00 p. m. , at the Nature Cure Clinic, 15 Oldbury Place,

London, W . 1. Five minutes from Baker Street underground station. Tickets

and details from the Clinic.

Health and Leisure 1982, Thursday, April 29-Monday, May 3, Alexandra Pav-

ilion, Alexandra Park, London, N. 22. We have booked a stand in the Diet,

Nutrition and Beauty section of this exhibition instead of at the Mind & Body &

Spirit Festival at Olympia in 1982. With the facilities of London's newest

exhibition hall and outdoor attractions in the surrounding park, it should attract

many visitors. Offers of help at the stand should be sent to Serena Coles,

Surrey.

First Alternative Medicine Exhibition, Saturday 17 and Sunday 18 July, 1982, at

Kensington Exhibition Centre, Derry Street, London, W . 8. Interest in alterna-

tives to orthodox medicine is growing rapidly and veganism has a contribution

to make. Progress against vivisection can be made by providing non-violent

alternatives. Offers of help at the stand to Serena Coles (see above).

The International Vegetarian Union Congress. July 22-August 2, 1982, in Ulm,

West Germany. It is hoped that a goodly number of vegans will be able to at-

tend. Please write for details soon to M. Lee, Cheshire.

Nature Cure Clinic Winter Lectures at Friends House, Euston Road, opposite

the station. January 13, 1982: "The Green Plan - for a Healthy Britain", Alan

Long. February 11, 1982: "Yoga as a Holistic Lifestyle", Penny Nield Smith.

March 10, 1982: "Self-Responsibility - Stress and How to Deal With It", Gilbert

Anderson. Tickets (£1.20) and details from N. C. C. , 15 Oldbury Place, London,

W 1 M 3AL.

Animal Rights Symposium, May 6, 1982, at the Commonwealth Institute Theatre,

Kensington High Street, London, W . 8. Tickets (£1.50) and details from the

Vegetarian Society, 53 Marloes Road, London, W . 8.

17

RECIPES CAROLYN'S DIP (serves 2)

1 piece celery, very finely chopped

1 clove garlic

3 mushrooms, finely chopped

Tomato puree (to taste)

1 avocado pear

Salt and pepper

2 tsp. French mustard

Lemon juice (to taste)

1 tblsp. soya flour

1 tblsp. soya milk

Place chopped celery, mushrooms, garlic, mustard, salt and pepper in mixing

bowl and stir together. Add the soya milk, then the flour, to give "creamy"

texture. Then add squirt of tomato puree (until the mixture becomes a pinky

colour) and a little lemon juice. Halve the avocado pear and scoop out the

flesh. Add the avocado to the mixture and mash together with a fork. Then place

in the avocado shells; decorate with fresh parsley if desired, or twisted slice of

lemon. Serve with hot pitta bread as a starter. Carolyn Brooks

APPLE AND WALNUT SALAD

1 red apple

Lemon juice

2 cup chopped celery

Soya mayonnaise

\ cup sliced radishes

1 dsp. parsley

5 cup chopped walnuts

Lettuce leaves

Cut unpeeled apple into dice, mix with lemon juice and soya mayonnaise. Add

radishes, celery, walnuts, parsley. Toss lightly and pile into lettuce leaves. A

few raisins or sultanas may be added, if required.

SOYA MAYONNAISE

1 cup water

i lemon

Salt, pepper, Cayenne to taste

Oil

1 heaped tblsp. powdered soya

milk

2 tblsp. peanuts

Place all in blender except oil and blend until smooth, then slowly pour oil in as

blender is working until mixture is thick.

Terry Janes

DORSET APPLE CAKE

1 lb. juicy cooking apples

2\ oz. soft white fat (Trex)

6 oz. brown sugar

12 oz. 85% S. R. wholemeal flour

1 tsp. spice

1 tsp. baking powder

1 oz. walnuts

6 oz. seedless raisins

Turn on oven at slow mark 3. Grease and line a large cake tin. Peel apples,

cut up roughly, then stew in 2 tablespoons cold water until soft. Beat, with

spoon. Then cream fat and sugar, and beat in apple. Next sift flour and spice

and fold into mixture together with raisins and nuts, using a metal spoon.

Bake for 1-lJ hours second rung from bottom. (A keeping cake.) a 18

SENT IN BY MEMBERS Please let us have yours-

FALAFELS (makes about 25)

| lb. chick peas, soaked overnight

1 large onion

2 cloves garlic

2 tblsp. parsley

Oil for frying

1 tap. ground cummin

2 tsp. ground coriander

1 tsp. baking powder

Salt and pepper

Put chick peas, chopped onion arid garlic twice through a fine mincer. Add

seasonings and baking powder, mix thoroughly. Leave to rest for about half an

hour. Take walnut-sized lumps, flatten and fry in hot fat until golden brown.

Unused portion can be kept in fridge or freezer until required - in fact it seems

to improve with keeping.

Christine McCarthy

1 tsp. 'Mar-mite or Barmerie

2 tsp. dried oregano

4 oz. whole barley flakes

water

ALMOND AND BARLEY RISSOLES

4 oz. toasted almond flakes

1 tblsp. soya flour

2 tsp. chopped onion

2 tblsp; soya sauce

Cook aU the ingredients except the almond flakes and soya flour in the water for

10-15 minutes until dried. Cool, stir in soya flour and almonds. Roll in wheat-

germ or flour and fry in lightly oiled pan. I served with stir-fried vegetables

(cabbage, cucumber and a pinch of caraway seeds).

Valerie West

2 oz. sesame seeds

2 oz. soya flour

2 oz. Brazil nuts

2 oz. sunflower seeds

5 tsp. black pepper

PATE FOR THE FESTIVE SEASON

4 oz. millet

3 tblsp. oil

4 oz. onion

1 dsp. Tastex

1 tsp. dried sage

Grind nuts and seeds. Chop onion. Put millet in 1 pint of cold water and bring to

the boil. Simmer until mushy, adding more water if needed. When all the liquid

is taken up, add all the other ingredients and mash thoroughly to a stiff, smooth

mixture. Put into a round seven-inch oiled tin. Cook at gas mark 4 for 30-45

minutes. The flavour is better if kept for a day or two before eating. If eaten

hot is best reheated. Delicious: spread on bread.

DOUGH BALLS Q l i v e J o f l e S

Use risen bread dough in balls rolled out to l j inches or so - drop into a deep

frying pan with very hot oil. Makes small hollow globes useful as a dip for

Hummus, etc. G. M. Emery

19

A.G.M. 1981 Forty-two members travelled to Boscombe for the Second Annual General Meeting

of the Vegan Society Limited but unfortunately due to the unreliability of the public

transport system several of them did not arrive in time for all of the business

meetings and a few missed all of them.

Jack Sanderson, President of the Vegan Society was in the Chair and he wel-

comed members, especially those who had travelled many miles. London was in-

evitably the centre of the movement at present but progress depended on strong

local groups.

The Minutes of the 1980 A. G. M. were agreed and the Annual Report of the

Council which had been sent out to Full Members with the Autumn "Vegan" was

accepted unanimously.

Grace Smith, the Treasurer of the Society, introduced the Annual Accounts

(also sent out in advance) saying that the satisfactory financial state of the Soci-

ety was due to the hard work, mostly voluntary, of its members and to generous

donations and bequests. Some of the bequests had been earmarked for the Fund

for Elderly Vegans.

In answer to a question, she explained that the apparent deficit in the Reserve

Fund was due to the fact that the money which had accumulated in the Fund for

Elderly Vegans had been transferred to "Homes for Elderly Vegetarians Lim-

ited". It had been decided to co-operate with that body in opening a Home for

Elderly Vegans, using its expertise and experience so as to achieve the object

more efficiently. The money was being held in a special fund awaiting the finding

of suitable premises.

Serena Coles, Deputy President of the Vegan Society who also serves on the

committee of "Homes for Elderly Vegetarians Limited", then reported that al-

though she could not give the news she would have liked to give of the founding of

a Home, she could say that a strong and sympathetic relationship had been built

up with the Government Housing Corporation which would stand the Society in

good stead when the right opportunity came. The fund stood at £16,142 at the end

of June, 1981. Many possibilities had been investigated through the year and

others were now being explored. The project obviously had far to go but with the

help of the thoughts and donations of members success would be achieved in due

course.

The Financial Report was accepted unopposed and then the 1981 Council, Eva

Batt, Serena Coles, Kathleen Jannaway, Jack Sanderson and Grace Smith, was

re-appointed and two new members, Alpay Torgut, promoter of the North London

Vegan Group, and Chris Hall of the Vegan Housing Co-op in Blackheath were

newly elected. Jack Sanderson was re-elected as President, Serena Coles as Dep-

uty President, Eva Batt, Jay Dinshah, Catherine Nimmo, Mabel Simmons and

Winifred Simmons as Vice-presidents and Grace Smith consented to serve again

as Treasurer. Bryden, Johnson and Co. were re-appointed as Auditors.

20

Extraordinary General Meeting, 3.00 p. m. , October 17, 1981

The A. G. M. was followed immediately by an Extraordinary General

Meeting to consider a resolution amending the Articles of Association

with regard to the Council of Management. (Details had been sent out in

advance to Full Members with their Autumn "Vegans".) It was prop-

osed that only those who had been members for three years should be

eligible as Council members, that election should be by postal ballot

and that in every year, at the A. G. M. one third of the Council should re-

tire and stand for re-election (not the whole Council as at present). After

a lengthy discussion, the proposal for a postal ballot was removed from

the resolution which was then passed by the required majority of three

quarters of those present. 'The Secretary agreed to ask members,

through "The Vegan'!,. to send in their observations as to the value of a

postal ballot, the election by those present at the A. G. M. , and the grant-

ing of proxy votes. Information would also be sought from The Electoral

Reform Group and the whole matter considered before the next A. G. M.

(Members are therefore asked to send in their comments.)

LOCAL GROUPS

It was much regretted that Laurence Main, the Assistant Secretary, who had done

so much during the year to foster local groups was unable to be present. He had

gathered reports from 17 groups which would be displayed in the hall for all to

read. Kathleen 'Jannaway was then called upon to give some thoughts on this im-

portant part of the Society's work. She maintained that if the Vegan Society was to

make a significant contribution to a desirable future it must develop as a network

of strong local groups, not as a hierarchy. However, members must be well in-

formed and willing to use the knowledge gained from long experience and respon-

sible research. This was offered freely by the Vegan Council. It was most im-

portant not to make extravagant claims or to extrapolate inadvisedly from

personal experience, not to condemn people when enlightening them as to the

evil of certain practices but to encourage them by witnessing to the joy and liber-

ation that came from following the vegan way.

Day-time events with plenty of opportunity to taste vegan food (e.g. "coffee

mornings" in Saturday shopping areas) probably gave better opportunities of

educating people than conventional evening meetings. Co-operation with other

groups and stands at their festivals and exhibitions could be very rewarding.

As much material as possible should be introduced into local libraries. The

£50.00 donated by a member for copies of "Food for a Future" had not yet been

fully used. Members should let Laurence Main know as soon as possible if their

libraries would take a copy.

Booklets for re-sale were offered to groups on specially favourable terms;

this could provide an income. The Council was always willing to consider meet-

ing the expenses of local publicity projects if they were convinced that they were

efficiently run.

21

The qualities that would bring results were persistence and faith. The early

vegans had persisted through decades and were just beginning to reap a harvest

from the seeds they had sown and nurtured. Their faith was well founded be-

cause as the local Bournemouth Group secretary had written in his report, "We

are small but we have so much compassion and logic behind us, we will cert-

ainly reach justice in the end."

THIS HEALING FORCE Nearly 40 members of the public joined the meeting to listen to Jean Pink, dir-

ector of Animal Aid. In introducing her, Eva Batt emphasised that Animal Aid

was an entirely non-violent organisation and Jean Pink in her opening remarks

spoke of the common ground between her organisation and the Vegan Society of

which she herself is a member. "We don't want any half measures. In the case

of the Vegan Society we want people to eat nothing that comes from the animal

kingdom, and in the case of Animal Aid we do not want any experiments at all

done on animals. We don't want to see animals locked up in cages even if noth-

ing is done to them. We do not believe that human beings have the right to re-

strict animals' freedom."

People were joining Animal Aid at a great rate - nearly 10,000 in 2\ years.

The organisation had found a way to get through to people by street leafletting.

Ordinary people who had never heard of Animal Rights or veganism are

aroused to take part in a campaign against the appalling atrocities in the lab-

oratories revealed by the leaflets. Having joined Animal Aid they get the

journal "Outrage" and learn about the whole question of non-violent living,

particularly as regards diet and health. Some were led to join the Vegan Soci-

ety. Jean Pink believed that if public opinion was aroused enough and if

people came to understand the ethic of animal rights a total ban on all experi-

ments could be achieved. In achieving that goal Animal Aid had to have practi

callty and strategy as well as vision, so campaigns against specific abuses,

choosing those most likely to get a lot of public support, had to be organised.

The campaign against cosmetic testing on animals had resulted in over

three quarters of a million dollars from Revlon to research alternative

methods. The campaign against the L D 50 test had secured the support of all

the anti-vivisection societies and scientists were agreeing that it was unreli-

able. Animal Aid members were demonstrating outside laboratories and leaf-

letting widely. They didn't like upsetting people but only by revealing the

dreadful things that were done - half a million animals were poisoned to death

in 1980 in the LD50 toxicity tests - could they hope to get them banned.

Animal Aid organised national marches which people from all over the coun-

try could join. Thousands had joined in at Cambridge, Oxford, Porton and

Birmingham. Wide coverage had been achieved in the national press and a con-

tinuing dialogue in local papers. They were a great encouragement to isolated

members and the Research Defence Society was getting worried!

22

Just before Christmas, Animal Aid together with Compassion in World

Farming were launching a campaign for "A Cruelty Free Christmas". Half a

million leaflets were being printed complete with disturbing pictures of turkey

abuse and recipes for nut roast. The Vegetarian and Vegan Societies had prom-

ised full co-operation.

The movement for animal rights was getting very strong; it could rightly be

called a "force". It was so strong that there was no doubt that the days of the

factory farmer and the vivisector were over. Action against them was now

world-wide. Jean Pink claimed that her conviction that she was ethically right

enabled her to stand up to anyone however prestigious their position.

The force could be regarded as a healing one because it could bridge the

gulf that had been created between man and the rest of the animal kingdom

by man's distorted vision. Man had put himself up on a pedestal, hence the

very sad world we lived in. It would only grow whole again when practicality

and strategy were linked with love and compassion.

Jean Pink's'talk was followed by a very pleasant and satisfying meal of

savouries, salad and sweets provided by Colin Kirsch and members of the

Bournemouth Vegan Group. At 6.30 Serena Coles introduced a showing of the

Open Door Film "A Better Future for All Life" and answered questions from

the audience. Then Vanessa Munro and Paul Darby entertained with guitar and

songs one of which had been especially composed for the A. G. M. This pro-

vided a very enjoyable and inspiring end to the day.

Sunday morning was free until members met for lunch at "Mr.

Natural", Colin Kirsch's cafe, where they enjoyed a very good vegan lunch.

The afternoon was given over to studying the local group reports and to a

discussion on the best ways to promote local activities to which group leaders

present made very interesting contributions.

There was general agreement that the weekend had been very worthwhile,

thanks largely to the hard work put in by Eva Batt and the Bournemouth

Group. The 1982 A. G. M. will be in London.

Members of the Vegan.Society are asked to co-operate as fuily as possible with

local Animal Aid groups - addresses on receipt of S. A. E. to "Animal Aid", 111

High Street, Tonbridge, Kent, TN9 1DL - remembering that some "Animal

Aiders" are very new to the Animal Liberation movement and perhaps not yet

ready to radically transform their own lives by becoming vegan. It is by co-

operating with people in the spirit of the Gandhi quote on page 10 that we can

best spread our message. Animal Aid Christmas cards "with a charming illust-

ration of various small animals" can be had from the above address: £1.00 for

10 cards + envelopes, post free.

23

LOCAL CONTACTS Those of you who were at the A. G. M. and saw the display of reports from Local

Vegan Contacts about their work in fostering groups of local vegans and in furth-

ering our cause generally will be aware of the tremendous amount of energy

being put in by our volunteers. London has over 400 members or associates of

the Vegan Society, so the capital can lead the way in local vegan activities.

There is so much on for London vegans that they need their own magazine to

keep fully in touch. "The London Vegan News" is doing a valuable job and de-

serves the support of every vegan in London. Send £1 for three (perhaps more)

issues to the editor, Alpay Torgut, 133 Owen House, Brecknock Road Estate,

For details of monthly meetings see page 17.

With so many new members (about two every day!) there are many readers un-

aware of their Local Vegan Contacts. Please check the following list to see if

there is a Local Vegan Contact near you. If there is, please get in touch with

the aim of helping to form a local group. If there isn't a Local Vegan Contact

near you, please offer your services as one, writing to the Assistant Secretary,

Laurence Main, 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy, Machynlleth,

SY20 9LW, Wales. — - • -

LETTERS MORAL DILEMMAS

In the Spring issue of the "Vegan" Valerie Ruddenham posed the question "What

would you have done?" and raised a number of moral dilemmas for vegans and

for all those who care about animal suffering. In particular she pointed out that

there are situations which do not seem to be black and white. For example, she

described how she has had to smash in the skulls of animals that are suffering

from incurable injuries; she said that she had chosen to give her diabetic dog

injections of insulin derived from the pancreas of an ox; and she has used a cat

to keep mice away from her house. She also described how she has been unable

to criticise her father who has had both his hip joints replaced because of arth-

ritis, an operation which was developed through animal experiments.

I would be most interested to read the comments Of others on this issue. My

own view is that it is impossible to avoid such dilemmas, and accordingly there

are no simple moral rules that one can stick to in all circumstances. I believe

that one should choose the lesser evil, meaning by "lesser" that which causes

the least suffering.

My view is a utilitarian one and I have been criticised for it by some people

who otherwise support the general line that I take in my book "Animal Libera-

tion". For example, in a more recent book, '̂ Practical Ethics", I wrote that

one could imagine circumstances in which some animal experimentation was

justified. The circumstances I had in mind were those in which it was quite

clear that the amount of suffering prevented by the experiment would be much

greater than the suffering caused. I think that this kind of case is almost cert-

ainly hypothetical since experiments on animals do not seem to produce such

clearcut results. I do not think this view justifies much, if any, actual experi-

mentation on animals. Nevertheless my position is clearly different from those

who believe that all experimentation on animals, without any exceptions, actual

or hypothetical is unjustifiable. What do your readers think?

THE VIOLENT SOCIETY

Once the basic decision to eat animals is accepted by the average person all else

follows. All animal abuses are accepted because that basic decision has been

taken, that animals are objects and may be used, first and foremost by virtually

everyone for food, and then following on from that rationale for everything and

anything else... Change that basic decision, get the average citizen to go veg-

etarian, and eventually vegan, and you have a chance of righting all the other

wrongs against animals.

Peter Singer

Bob Pinkus

27

FROM CARNIVORE T O VEGAN - IN ONE LEAP !

Our family are very recent converts to veganlsm and I write the following in an

attempt to explain how and why we made our decision in the hope it may encour-

age others.

I grew up on a farm and have always intended to be at least partially self-

sufficient. My wife, though a "townie", went to an agricultural college and was

of similar mind. Over the years we acquired a house in the country, three

children, several milking goats, a collection of ex-battery hens, some gardening

expertise and the feeling that we were attempting to get the most out of life.

We discussed vegetarianism some years ago just after I had necked some

cock birds for the table. However, I prided myself that I would not be hypocriti-

cal. There were such people as vegans but they were pale, thin and very un-

healthy. It was obviously not possible to live without milk, cheese or eggs. All

these products led to the deaths of animals so we might as well eat flesh.

We at least had the courage to do some killing and not leave the dirty work to

others. The first male kid that we ate was left in the freezer for six months so it

could change from "the kid" into "meat".

Last year ten-year-old Andrew declared he was a vegetarian. We put ho argu-

ments against him and waited for the fad to end. It didn't and our consciences

were pricked into action. Was it possible to live without milk, cheese or eggs?

Were vegans really unhealthy?

The decision was made. The rest of us went vegan without the usual stepping

stone of vegetarianism. A plea for advice was placed in the personal column of

the local paper and two families went to considerable trouble to help us. We also

had a 'phone call late in the evening from a local pub asking us to settle a bet as

to what vegamsm was.

A number of problems still remain. The one goat we didn't manage to sell

will have to be kept through the winter. Our very old hens will have to be kept

until they die natural deaths. The milk and eggs are sold or given away as are

presents such as a four-pound tin of biscuits.

But to make matters worse we learn from "The Vegan" that some plain choco-

late contains eggs. For Pete's sake tell us which chocolates don'tl

Lew Graham

The Winter 1981 issue of "Vegan Views" is now out and contains articles on

Peace, Swedish Midwinter Customs and Festive Vegan Food, the Lancashire

Animal Welfare Group, Antinutritional Factors in Pulses and Some Cereals;

also other articles and many readers' letters.

A single copy of the current issue, No. 26, is 40p (stamps will do) and a .

four-issue subscription is £1.90, or £2.00 if starting with the next issue,

Spring 1982, No. 27.

28

J

WPMG WITH JFTLSI* Allied Bakeries The ALLINSON LOAF, baked by this company is completely

vegan and this includes the tin-greasing fat. This does not apply to the Sunblest

Breads which may contain animal fats.

Boots LOW CALORIE TOMATO SOUP (but not the "New Recipe" Slimmers'

Range).

Cedar Valley MOCK DUCK is not only vegan but it contains no preservatives,

artificial colour or flavouring, and a member writes, "Don't be 'put off' by the

name, it is quite the nicest soya protein food I have yet found."

Co-op GOOD LIFE COOKING OIL, GOOD LIFE COOKING FAT, VEGETABLE

COOKING OIL and SOLID VEGETABLE OIL.

Heinz Baby Foods Strained - in cans: APPLES with vit. C. , BANANA

DESSERT, FRUIT & CEREAL BREAKFAST FOOD, FRUIT DESSERT with vit.

C. In jars: FRUIT & CEREAL BREAKFAST, ORANGE DESSERT with vit. C. ,

PINEAPPLE DESSERT with vit. C.

Junior - in cans: BANANA, RICE & ROSEHIP DESSERT, FRUIT & CEREAL

BREAKFAST, FRUIT DESSERT with TAPIOCA. No others.

Itona We now know that Itona TEXTURED VEGETABLE PROTEIN contains

vitamin B12 (5.7 mg. /100 g. in its dry form). Add the B12 asterisk to this in

your Shoppers' Guide as a reminder.

We get quite a few inquiries from members - and others - on how to know

whether white sugar has been refined with bone charcoal. The short answer is

that sometimes it is not possible and at no time is it easy.

Tate & Lyle use bone charcoal (apparently essential to remove all the colour

from cane sugar) but for sugar refined by the British Sugar Corporation (Silver

Spoon brand) It is not necessary as this company refines beet rather than cane

sugar.

Some time ago, probably during the sugar shortage, I warned members (if

we have any using white sugar?) that BSC were packing T & L sugar in BSC

bags, but this kind of thing is ohly likely to happen during an "emergency" and

could happen the other way round of course. Remember the panic at the time ?

Food processors, using white sugar in practically everything including baby

foods (I would like this to be made a criminal offence but I suppose, though so

bad for health, it is "good business" to get the next generation hooked on sugar

as early as possible) can rarely let us know whether or not it has been refined

with bone charcoal. Partly because they, as well as the consumers, are not

really interested and partly because they will be using either or both according

to world market availability - and price.

Sugar Confectionary. As far as we can tell, by far the greater proportion is

made with cane sugar but this is probably only because there is so much more

29

of it available. It is not only that highly refined sugar of either kind has no

nutritional value, but it also depletes the body of other nutrients, notably vita-

min B, in the process of its digestion.

Once weaned from the tasteless, foodless white sugar, most people find no

difficulty in living without it. Which solves the problem beautifully!

TOILETRIES

Beauty Without Cruelty The only items in this range which are not vegan are:

Sunflower & Wheat Cream, Roll-On Deodorants, Lipsticks and Lipgloss (these

all contain beeswax) and Eyeshadows, Blushers, Compressed Face Powder and

Lipgloss which all contain lanolin. All other lines are vegan.

Cournie Soap WHITE GLYCERINE SOAP, TRANSPARENT GLYCERINE

TOILET SOAP, TOOTHPASTE, SHAMPOOS, SKIN LOTION, FERN GREEN

GLYCERINE SOAP, WASH-UP LIQUID.

Janice Charles SPECIAL WASH CREAM, CLEANSING LOTION NO. 1, TEEN-

AGE FACIAL SCRUB, CEREAL SCRUB, ENRICHED SCRUB, BODY WASHING

CREAM. ALL SKIN TONICS - ROSE WATER, ORANGE FLOWER, HERBAL

COMFREY, CHAMOMILE, YARROW. ALL SHAMPOOS - CHAMOMILE, ROSE-

MARY. DANDRUFF TREATMENT, ALMOND OIL TREATMENT. MARSHMAL-

LOW MOISTURE CREAM (not any others). CALENDULA OINTMENT, COM-

FREY OINTMENT. Eva Batt

F R O M P L A M I L F O O D S L T D .

Carob Fruit and Nut We were pleased to launch these new bars at the vegan

weekend gatherings but it will be a few weeks before they are available from

health stores. The ingredients are: raw sugar, apple, molasses, carob flour,

peanuts, mixed peel, currants, vegetable fat, soya flour, sea salt. Would you

ask your health store early in the New Year to stock this product.

Plamil Soya Plantmilk Thanks to ever increasing support from vegans, we

have been experiencing a growth rate in sales of approximately 30% per annum

for the last two or three years, and we have reached a stage where with our

cottage industry like type of machinery we are finding it difficult to keep pace

with orders. Please bear with us in these circumstances.

Rice Pudding with Sultanas We wish to look ahead to the time we increase

production and create a similar encouraging demand for our ancillary prod-

ucts, viz. Rice Pudding with Sultanas, Delice (cream replacement) and

Carobean (carob soya beverage).

Prices We economise in every possible way but cannot absorb rising costs

any longer, so from November 2 recommended consumer prices will be -

Plamil, 55p; Rice Pudding, 53p; Delice, 47p; Plamil Carobean, 45p. (We

have held our price structure since April, 1980.) Arthur Ling

30

FOOTWEAR •*} * Among the several entirely man-made winter shoes this season is a particularly

sturdy, comfortable, five-hole lace-up style from Frisby's in their GENERA-

TIONS range. I believe they are really intended for boys and youths but, with

their wide fitting and well cleated soles they will make ideal walking shoes for all

the family. Ladies should ask for a size smaller than usual because of the gener-

ous cut; £5.99 at the moment. No. DG9538T.

Freeman, Hardy & Willis. Olivers and True1 Form.have similar types of shoe

Clarks I have found an attractive, British made lounger mule with 1§ inch heel,

pleasantly soft, terry-lined uppers and pliable soles in my favourite colour;

£9.99 a pair.

As most footwear is now marked it should be comparatively easy to find suitable

footwear for all the family but fell walking and climbing boots are still few and

far between. However, our Assistant Secretary has been busy in this field and

has sent us a few recommended examples —

Nokia of Finland. BOGTROTTERS. Made, of rubber but, unlike Wellingtons,

these are shaped to the foot and very cc-nfortable. They have very good grip for

hill walking and are available in sizes from 2 through to llj. From around

£14.35 according to size. Can be supplied with snowstuds for £2.15 extra. Fur-

ther details from Fleetfoot Ltd., 26 St. George's Quay, Lancaster, LAI 11D.

Gordale, Bowling Green Mills, Bingley, W. Yorks, BD16 1BR. ARCTIC BOOTS,

very like BOGTROTTERS (with similar snow studs available) but a bit more ex-

pensive. This company can also supply vegan knee-length or calf-length socks,

often needed for extra warmth and comfort in boots of this kind, but usually

made of wool.

Westsports, 17 Fleet Street, Swindon, Wilts. WINNIT totally synthetic fell

walking boots. Write for further details and make a note of the price - £27 -

which includes postage and represents a 10% discount for members of the

Vegan Society.

I have not seen any of the above (alas, I have no opportunity to indulge in this

healthy pastime) so please let Laurence or me know if you are pleased with them.

SUPPLEMENTS & REMEDIES - CORRECTION

Frank Roberts (Herbal Dispensaries) We have recently learned that the tablets

mentioned in the "Vegan" do, in common with many others, have a lactose (milk

sugar) base "to help bind the constituents together".

The VEGAN SHOPPERS' GUIDE, FOODS and SOAPS, No. 3, revised and en-

larged Autumn '81 edition, contains many items which we have been unable to

include in "The Vegan" through pressure of space. F „

31

1

A D V E R T I S E M E N T S BADGES

Please send to the Assistant Secretary, 9 Mawddwy Terrace, Minllyn, near

Dinas Mawddwy, Gwynedd, Wales, by January 16, 1982, for the next issue. Ad-

vertisers are asked to note that we are unable to deal with box numbers. Rate: 5p

a word.

Please note, the following advertisements have been accepted in good faith and the

Vegan Society cannot take responsibility in the event of any complaint.

MAKE BREAD WITHOUT YEAST? Read: THE PRISTINE LOAF. Details to make

piquant sourdough bread by ancient method now enjoying much-deserved revival.

Send 75p: H. Pickles, 6 Elmete Grove, Roundhay, Leeds, LS8 2JY.

VEGANIC (clean culture system of horticulture) needs a pleasant, yet active,

enthusiastic, business-like person to assist organising lectures for the co-

founder. Ability to prepare publications an advantage. Some typing/filing ex-

perience seems essential. Initially on a part-time basis. Free accommodation

and food provided, as well as a small wage. No pets allowed. Details in con-

fidence to VEGANIC, 36 Granes End, Great Linford, Milton Keynes, MK14 5DX,

Buckinghamshire.

NOW AVAILABLE, NEW ENLARGED EDITION of the "Guide to Veganic Garden-

ing" which gives details of the no-digging (Dalziel O'Brien method) and the

method of making the quick maturing vegetable compost. This manual gives ful-

lest instructions on natural weed control, sowing and planting techniques, plus

many pages on salad and culinary vegetables, soft fruit and herbs. Illustrated

with photographs and diagrams it makes an ideal gift for a beginner or keen

gardener who wishes to learn this simple and easy clean culture system. Send

£2 .50 (postage and packing included) to Veganic, 36 Granes End, Great

Linford, Milton Keynes, MK14 5DX, Buckinghamshire.

AHIMSA - quarterly magazine for the American Vegan Society. Veganism -

Natural Living - Reverence for Life. Calendar year subscription $8 or £4.

Address: 501 Old Harding Highway, Malaga, N.J. 08328.

NEW CHRISTIAN AND MORALIST FELLOWSHIP, all equal, nobody ministering,

rejecting that all the Bible is word and action of Christian God, i. e. Judaism,

interpretation errors. Above all following spirit of Christ and conscience, we

seek spiritual place abroad or to start British commune. Vegetarians, loving

nature, anti-materialsts, conservationists. Write: Norris and Johnson,

Birmingham, B23 7Q4.

THE NATIONAL CENTRE FOR ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGY isn't just an

award-winning tourist attraction. We sell books through the post too.' Please

ask for our mall order booklist (25p + s. a. e.), details of our courses, and a

leaflet for tourists to visit us. We have our own wholefood shop and restaurant

in Machynlleth. Write now to: N. C . A . T . , Llwyngwern Quarry, Machynlleth,

Powys, Wales.

32

VEGAN VALLEY can be your home. Details of properties in the Machynlleth

area of Wales are obtainable (s. a. e. please) from: La -ddwy

Wales.

VEGJiTARIAN MATCHMAKERS. Inexpensive yet personal introduction service by

post, exclusively for unattached adult vegetarians and vegans. No endless lists

of inappropriate "soul-mates" to sift through; we will utilise our professional

judgement and expertise to narrow the field on your behalf. Bring your dreams a

step nearer today by sending for details to: V. M. M . , Freepost, Weybridge,

Surrey, KT13 8BR (no stamp needed if postcode added). Find happiness through

V. M. M.

LOVING HOME wanted for vegan bitch approximately 4 years old. Obedient mongrel, shorthaired, golden. Telephone _

LIGHT FORCE SPIRULINA: the vegan superfoodl Natural B12 source, highest

protein source. For information and price-list, send s. a. e. to: Sue Buckholtz,

, Richmond, Surrey, TW9 2EQ.

THE HUNGER PROJECT invites you to join with other members in the devel-

oped countires, and millions, involuntarily, in other parts of the globe, to

fast on the 14th day of the month to align yourself with the hungry of the world

and to create the context of ending starvation on our planet before the year

2000 A. D. Ask about Hunger Project. Tel. 01-373 9003 (77 Cromwell Road,

London, S.W. 7).

J

LANCASHIRE BASED FAMILY with some capital need "to meet others to dis-

cuss possible development of self-supportive co-operative vegan community.

Please write if interested, or can offer advice, to: Mr

FOSTER SELF-DISCOVERY and a sense of timelessness by walking along an

ancient footpaths in beautiful countryside. KING ALFRED'S WAY takes you

from Portsmouth to Oxford via the mysteries of St. Catherine's Hill,

Winchester, the rabbits of Watership Down and the birthplace of King Alfred,

Wantage. King Alfred's Way is available for £1.08 incl. postage from the

Vegan Society Ltd., 9 Mawddwy Cottages, Minllyn, Dinas Mawddwy,

Machynlleth, SY20 9LW, Wales.

VEGAN FEMALE (21) wishes to hear from/meet other vegans/vegetarians.

Liverpool, Manchester, North Wales areas.

33

ACTIVE VEGAN WIDOW (56, but size 12), seeks man, house owner, steady

employment or means, not older than herself. - "

UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD becomes daily more necessary. Any practical

ideas? Please write: 35 Rowlands Road, Summerseat, Bury, Lanes, BL9 SNF.

THE FINDHORN FOUNDATION invites you to participate in courses cm New

Age living. Further details from: P. O. S., Cluny Hill College, Forres, IV36

ORD, Scotland.

WHAT ARE LEY-LINES? How do they affect man and his environment? Can

we learn to live more in tune with Nature by studying how the Life-Force is

channelled around our planet ? The men who erected Stonehenge left valuable

messages for us. Read about these and other Earth Mysteries in: The Ley

Hunter, P .O . Box 13, Welshpool, Powys. Send £1.00 for the current issue or

£3.80 annual subscription.

CIRCUS. Support the Hassani Circus, run by the daughter of Coco the clown

who left money in his will for a circus WITHOUT ANIMAL ACTS. Details

from Mrs. T. How. Tel. 0403 68401.

THE NATIONAL EQUINE (and smaller animals) DEFENCE LEAGUE, 138

Blackwell Road, Carlisle, CA2 4DL, badly needs donations to continue their

rescue and shelter work.

RAW FOOD. For free leaflet describing its great value as part of diet, send

s.a.e. to Vigilex Publications, Vega House, 18 Bar Street, Scarborough, YOll

2HT.

WANTED Help with setting up a Healing Sanctuary for Animals. News of

suitable premises. Contact through Kathleen Jannaway, 47 Highlands Road,

Leatherhead, Surrey.

VEGAN T-SHIRTS

These superior white T-shirts displaying our sunflower emblem and slogan in

green are available through the post from L. Main (address on publications page)

for £3.50 each including postage. They come in three sizes at present: Small,

Medium and Large. They are ideal for members intending to help at a vegan

stall at any event in 1982.

HUMANE SLAUGHTER

While joining fully in the protests against ritual slaughter (what sort of a God do

they envisage as pleased by such rites?) we must do all we can to break the il-

lusion that so-called "humane slaughter" is acceptable. Electrical stunning may

do no more than paralyse for a time. maJdncr the animal easier to handle; its

gffecfc On conciousness even if efficiently used is difficult to estimate. There

have been reports that slaughter men on piece work use it far too quickly or

by-pass it. Very few humane people could eat meat if they witnessed the

butchering. The Vegan Society is producing a leaflet on slaug.

K.J.

34

HOLIDAYS SOMERSET. Vegan/vegetarian guesthouse. Open all year except October. Inter-

esting area. Sea, sand, hills, caves, history, sport. Annual holiday or weekend

break. S.a.e. Julia Hodges, Burnham-on-Sea,

TA8 1EN. Telephone 0278 785954.

INVERNESS. Vegan/vegetarian accommodation in charming cottage on high road

between Inverness and Nairn. Good tourist centre, walking, golf course, sea,

beach nearby. Guests welcome all year. Margaret Lawson,

IV1 2PG. Tel. 066 78 352.

CORNWALL. Self-catering luxury first floor flat for vegans/vegetarians over-

looking Hayle Estuary. Sleeps 4/6. Vegan meal available. S.a.e. please to

Blackaller, "Meadowlands", The Saltings, Lelant, St. Ives, TR26 3DL. Tel.

Hayle 0736 752418.

VISITING INDIA ? Vegans are very welcome to be the guests of Swami

Nirmalananda for a week or so at Viswa Shanti Nikethana, B.R. Hills - 571 317,

Karnataka, India.

PENZANCE: Self-catering accommodation or vegan/vegetarian meals by ar-

rangement in home two miles from Penzance with large garden, sea and

country views. Car shelter. Tel. Penzance 2242.

S.W. SCOTLAND. Small self-catering accommodation in our quiet cottage for

vegans and vegetarians only. Evening meals available by arrangement. Easy

access to sea, walks, etc. S. a. e. to Norma Wright,

Wigtownshire, DG9 9EB. '

A VEGAN "HEAD FOR THE HILLS"' camping and walking holiday in one of

the wild areas of Britain. Food and all equipment except sleeping bags pro-

vided. S.a.e. for details to "Vegan Views", 1 Gincroft Lane, Edenfield,

Ramsbottom, Bury, Lanes, BLo oJW.

BOOST YOUR HEALTH! EASTBOURNE HEALTH HOTEL

Sauna, solarium, etc. Vegan

full or slimming menus

17 Burlington Place, Eastbourne, BN21 4AR

Tel. (0323) 23604

Once or twice a year we all need true relaxation

to ease away stress'

35

V E G A N H O L I D A Y S

with Brian & Wendy Burnett

on their 36 ft., 7-berth yacht "XIM"

WINTER HOLIDAYS IN THE

M E D I T E R R A N E A N

Low winter prices from £200 for 2

weeks including return fare from

London. No experience necessary.

No age limits.

SPECIAL XMAS HOLIDAY

Please send stamp for details to:-

Brian & Wendy Burnett, c/o 51 Main

Road, Kinnerton, Chester, CH4 9AJ.

RAW FOOD COMPENDIUM

Its value as a substantial part of diet

Practical Hints, Principles,

Extracts from Medical Opinions

£3 .70 post free, from

VIGIL E X P U B L I C A T I O N S

18 Bar Street,

Scarborough,

YOll 2 H T

G R E E N W A Y S G U E S T H O U S E

24 Marian Ave. Mablethorpe, Lines

(Tel. 7508)

Chris & Chris Phillips members of

Vegan Society welcome vegans. Home

baking, wholefoods, safe sandy beach.

Send S A E for brochure.

TORQUAY B R O O K E S B Y H A L L H O T E L

Meadfoot Beach. Tel. 0803 22194.

Member Vegan Society. Member VS (UK).

Peacefully situated among the trees in the

loveliest part of Torquay and overlooking

the sea towards Brixham and Berry Head,

the hotel offers wholefood Vegan and Veg-

etarian meals which are interesting, sat-

isfying and well balanced. The town centre

is two bus stops away and Meadfoot Beach

350 yards.

Some rooms private showers. Fully cent-

rally heated. Open all year (including

Christmas). Colour brochure from Res.

Props.. Mr. & Mrs. E. D. Baker.

CORNWALL WHY NOT BE OUR GUESTS and for once experience a truly relaxing holiday in the West Country?

Woodcote stands in its own

grounds overlooking the tidal estu-

ary and bird sanctuary of Hayle,

and Is within easy reach ol many fine

beaches and coastal walks — the idea

ideal centre from which to explore

and discover the beauty of Cornwall:

On a personal note, those with

tired and jaded palates need not

despair for, as attentive hosts, we

ensure that you are offered an

imaginative cuisine supported by a

goodly measure of old fashioned

personal service.

Also available, SELF-CATERING

CHALET, sleeps four.

Stamp appreciated for brochure

to:

John and Pamela Barrett,

The Saltings, Lelant, St. Ives,

Cornwall, TR26 3DL

Tel. 0736 753147.

36

Lakeland's strictly Vegetarian Guest House offers a warm and hospitable welcome to Vegans. Come to us to relax, to walk and climb, to absorb the tranquility of Orchard House and the Lake District. We have a peaceful garden, a warm and comfortable home, delicious and different food and we are situated in superb Lake District country. We ask Vegans to give us a week's notice if possible.

Brochure from Monty Alge and Keong Wee, (Stamp appreciated) Orchard House,

Borrowdale Road, Keswick on Derwentwater, Cumbria Tel.(0596) 72830

mu EVER

S-

It's 1 0 0 % vegetable . . . m a d e f rom

the soya bean a n d p a c k e d with

protein a n d goodness . Its

production involves n o exploitation

of animals. T h e flavour is quite

delicious—all the family,

particularly the children will love

it. Y o u can drink it on its o w n as

a super health drink or use it o n breakfast cereals, in coffee or tea

or in dishes such as milk

puddings and custards. W h a t ' s

m o r e it will keep in tne can

just as long as you w a n t to

keep it. A wonderfully

versatile and nutritious food

. . . G o l d e n A r c h e r Beanmilk by

Itona. It's at your health

food store.

L E A ^ M I L C C T h e Milk That ' s 1 0 0 % Non-Animal

C R A N K S HeALTH FOODS

William Blake House. Marshall Street, London W1

CRANKS at Heal's, 196 Tottenham Court Road, W.1 CRANKS at Shinners Bridge, Dartington, Devon CRANKS at Peter Robinson, Oxford Circus, W.1 CRANKS at The Market, Covent Garden, W.C.2 CRANKS at 35 High Street, Totnes, Devon

PLAMIL SOYA PLANTMILK •

not instead of breast-milk, but on weaning and through the rest of life provides important nutrients including B12, CALCIUM & PROTEIN. High in polyunsaturates.

All Plamil products are guaranteed exclusively vegan. List and recipes (SAE please) from Plamil Foods Ltd. Plamil House, Bowles Well Gardens, Folkestone.

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