The trade route that The trade route that transported African slaves transported African slaves

to the Americas …to the Americas …

Middle PassageMiddle Passage

An Aztec emperor ….An Aztec emperor ….

MoctezumaMoctezuma

People who take People who take financial risk to make financial risk to make

profits …profits …

entrepreneursentrepreneurs

the Spanish who the Spanish who vanquished the Americas vanquished the Americas

……

conquistadorsconquistadors

A system used to force A system used to force Native Americans to labor Native Americans to labor under brutal conditions?under brutal conditions?

encomiendasencomiendas

Those who ruled Spain’s Those who ruled Spain’s colonies in the name of colonies in the name of

the spanish monarchs…the spanish monarchs…

ViceroysViceroys

An economic policy based An economic policy based on a nation exporting more on a nation exporting more

goods than imports…goods than imports…

mercantilismmercantilism

An explorer who An explorer who fought and subdued fought and subdued

the Aztec…the Aztec…

Hernan CortesHernan Cortes

Claimed much of present-Claimed much of present-day eastern Canada for day eastern Canada for

France…France…

Jacques CartierJacques Cartier

Pirates who operated Pirates who operated with the approval of with the approval of

European governments…European governments…

PrivateersPrivateers

To conquer the Aztecs To conquer the Aztecs empire, Hernan Cortes…empire, Hernan Cortes…

Formed alliances with Formed alliances with conquered people who conquered people who

hated the Aztecshated the Aztecs

The conquistador who The conquistador who added the lands of the added the lands of the

present-day countries of present-day countries of Peru, Ecuador, and Chile to Peru, Ecuador, and Chile to the Spanish empire was…the Spanish empire was…

Francisco PizarroFrancisco Pizarro

At the top of Spanish At the top of Spanish colonial society were colonial society were

the….the….

peninsularespeninsulares

Through the Treaty of Through the Treaty of Tordesillas in 1494….Tordesillas in 1494….

Portugal claimed its Portugal claimed its empire of brazil.empire of brazil.

The population of New The population of New France grew slowly France grew slowly

becausebecause….….

The harsh winters kept The harsh winters kept many French from many French from

settling theresettling there

The English colonies of The English colonies of Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, Massachusetts, Pennsylvania, and Maryland were mainly set and Maryland were mainly set

up as…up as…

Havens for persecuted Havens for persecuted religious groups.religious groups.

The first leg of the The first leg of the triangular trade route..triangular trade route..

Brought Europeans Brought Europeans goods to Africagoods to Africa

What is an estimate of the What is an estimate of the number of Africans that number of Africans that

probably died in passage to probably died in passage to the Americas during the the Americas during the

Atlantic slave trade…Atlantic slave trade…

2 million2 million

Widespread inflation struck Widespread inflation struck Europe in the mid-1500s due Europe in the mid-1500s due

to the increasing amounts to the increasing amounts of…of…

Silver and gold from the Silver and gold from the AmericansAmericans

What mercantilism policy was What mercantilism policy was designed to protect local designed to protect local industries from foreign industries from foreign

competition…competition…

Tariffs increased the Tariffs increased the price of imported goodsprice of imported goods

When he encountered the When he encountered the Taino people in the West Indies Taino people in the West Indies

, Christopher Columbus…, Christopher Columbus…

Claimed their land for the Claimed their land for the Spanish KingSpanish King

When the Aztec emperor first When the Aztec emperor first heard about the arrival of heard about the arrival of

Spanish explorers, he sent Spanish explorers, he sent them gifts because…them gifts because…

He thought they might He thought they might have been godshave been gods

The Spanish king The Spanish king maintained strict control maintained strict control

over his empire through…over his empire through…

His council of Indies in His council of Indies in Spain that monitored Spain that monitored

colonial officialscolonial officials

In Spanish colonial society, In Spanish colonial society, creoles were…creoles were…

Native-born descendant Native-born descendant of Spanish settlersof Spanish settlers

To ensure that its colonies To ensure that its colonies would be profitable, Spain would be profitable, Spain

……

Established strict trade Established strict trade laws for its coloniallaws for its colonial

In 1607, the English In 1607, the English established their first established their first

permanent colony in the permanent colony in the Americas at…Americas at…

Jamestown, VirginiaJamestown, Virginia

What lands did Britain gain What lands did Britain gain as a result of the Treaty of as a result of the Treaty of

Paris in 1763? Paris in 1763?

Dutch sugar-producing Dutch sugar-producing islands in the caribbeanislands in the caribbean

Which foods were first Which foods were first introduced to the introduced to the

Americas by Europeans Americas by Europeans through the Columbian through the Columbian

Exchange? Exchange?

Wheat and grapesWheat and grapes

How did Spain try to How did Spain try to change its American change its American

colonies with the New colonies with the New Laws of the Indies in 1542?Laws of the Indies in 1542?

The laws forbade The laws forbade inslavement and abuse of inslavement and abuse of

Native Americans.Native Americans.

What is true about the What is true about the economic system of economic system of

capitalism?capitalism?

It encourages private It encourages private ownership of most ownership of most

businesses.businesses.

The establishment of the The establishment of the “putting-out system” would “putting-out system” would

later lead to…later lead to…

Capitalist-owned Capitalist-owned factories of the Industrial factories of the Industrial

RevolutionRevolution

The Mayflower CompactThe Mayflower Compact……

Set out guidelines for Set out guidelines for governing the Plymouth governing the Plymouth

colony.colony.

What did the Spanish do in What did the Spanish do in their effort to gain control of their effort to gain control of

the Incas?the Incas?

They captured the Inca They captured the Inca ruler Atahualpa.ruler Atahualpa.

Joint stock companies Joint stock companies allowed early European allowed early European

capitalists to ….capitalists to ….

Raise large amounts of Raise large amounts of capitalcapital

The period in European history The period in European history in the 1500s when rising in the 1500s when rising

inflation rose rapidly is known inflation rose rapidly is known as …as …

The price revolutionThe price revolution