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The Roaring 20s
Economic AdjustmentBefore WWI:- Second Industrial Revolution & some new
inventions- Poor work conditions
- During WWI: - Increase production for war effort-Food & prices increase
Economic AdjustmentAfter WWI:-Decrease production
war is over-New inventions-People have money to
spend-Booming economy-Credit: Buy now, pay
later-Installment plans:
monthly payments for more expensive items
Workers/LaborBefore WWI:-Labor unrest, harsh conditions, poor
pay/hours-Strikes but usually management wins
During WWI:-Need workers so increase wages and
National War Labor Board settles disputes-But increase hours, taxes, and prices
Workers/LaborAfter War:-No longer need workers-People have money to spend on new
inventions
Labor RelationsBefore WWI:-Workers tried to unionize but government
often sided with management
During WWI:-Union membership increased -National War Labor Board helps regulate
disputes
Labor RelationsAfter WWI:
-People have money to spend on new inventions
-More unrest & general strikes: many unions strike at onceBoston: Police StrikeSeattle: Ship workers Indiana: Steel
WomenBefore WWI:-No voting rights-Lower pay than men-Long dresses, long sleevesDuring WWI:-Take over male jobs/pay increases-Skirts got shorter because need material-Glimpse of independence
WomenAfter WWI:-Return home or take
lower paying jobs-Most lose jobs to
returning soldiers-Gain voting rights-Some rebels:
flappers-wore shorter skirts, cut hair, smoked in public, drove cars, played sports
African AmericansBefore WWI:-Lower wages-Discrimination
During WWI:-Great Migration: start moving north for
jobs and to escape segregation-Better pay-More jobs available due to the war and
less immigration-Soldiers were segregated & given minimal
jobs
African AmericansAfter WWI:-Soldiers return to
discrimination & segregation
-Marcus Garvey Movement: back to Africa
African Americans
-Harlem Renaissance: rebirth of African American culture
-Jazz spreads from New Orleans to NY : Louie Armstrong, Bessie Smith
-Writers such as Langston Hughes
ImmigrationBefore WWI:-Floods of immigrants-Lack of work and harsh conditions due to
large supply of workers
During WWI:-Restrict immigrationWhy?
ImmigrationAfter WWI:-Nativism & Isolationism-Restrict immigration to
350,000-Quotas for certain
nationalities (decrease numbers for South and Eastern Europe)
-No AsiansWhy?
Sacco & Vanzetti: shows prejudice toward immigrants
Red ScareBefore WWI:-Russia allyDuring WWI:-Russia ally but pull out
of war earlyAfter WWI:-Becomes USSR &
communist-No longer ally-U.S. fears communism
will spread: Red Scare
Effect on Immigration?
FarmersBefore WWI:-Chronically poor, low crop prices, debt
During WWI:-Need food for soldiers so crop prices
increase-farmers are making money to pay off debt
FarmersAfter WWI: -Surplus of crops-Crop prices drop-Increase debt, buy new farm equipment on
credit-Prohibition: 18th Amendment no alcohol so
can’t use grain for alcohol-During war had used all of their land to
farm, land begins drying out
What was the economy of the 20’s like?What were some signs that the economy was troubled in the 20’s?
How can this lead to the negative effects you will see in the 1930’s?