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The Renaissance Beyond Italy

The Big Idea The Renaissance spread far beyond Italy,

and as it spread, it changed.

I can outline the advances made in literature, the arts, science, mathematics, cartography, engineering, and the understanding of human anatomy and astronomy. 7.48 Outline the advances made in literature, the arts, science, mathematics, cartography, engineering, and the understanding of human anatomy and astronomy, including Leonardo da Vinci (Last Supper, Mona Lisa), Michelangelo (Sistine Chapel, The David), Johann Gutenberg, and William Shakespeare.

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Main Idea 1: During the Renaissance, advances were made in

science and education. •  Some Renaissance scientists thought mathematics could

help them understand the universe.

•  They created many math symbols that we still use today.

•  Engineers and architects used new math formulas to strengthen buildings.

•  Other scientists studied astronomy to learn more about the sun, stars, and planets.

•  They learned that the earth moves around the sun.

•  Students began to study the humanities as well as religious subjects.

Petrarch

Petrarch warned against ignoring history. His ideas affected education.  

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Gerardus Mercator developed a mathematical method to create a flat map of the curved earth. Today we call this a Mercator

projection map.

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Copernicus’ concept of the solar system in

which the sun is at the center instead of

the earth was a radical concept.

heliocentric

Galileo Galilei attempts to support

Copernicus’ theory in his Letter to the Grand Duchess

Christina of Tuscany.

Leonardo da Vinci was a trained anatomist and over a course of 20 years made many studies of the human body. He dissected approximately 30 human specimens until Pope Leo X ordered him to stop.

Image of muscular anatomy from

De humani corporis fabrica by Andreas

Vesalius, 1543