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Renaissance The Northern Renaissance

Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

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Page 1: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Renaissance

The Northern Renaissance

Page 2: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Focus Questions

1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe?

2. What contributions did “Masters” (people who are making/inventing stuff) make to the northern Renaissance? Name a few of the masters and their masterpieces (the stuff the people are making/inventing). Any big deals?

3. How did the works of northern “Masters” differ from those of the Italian Renaissance? Prove it.

Page 3: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Northern Renaissance

The Renaissance in northern Europe (outside Italy)• In the 1200s and 1300s, most cities in Europe were in

Italy. By the 1500s, however, large cities had also sprouted in northern Europe.

• Soon the ideas of the Renaissance reached the growing cities of London, Paris, Amsterdam, and others.

• Trade, the movement of artists and scholars to and from the Italian Peninsula, and the development of printing helped spread Renaissance ideas northward. (Ramirez, Stearns, and Wineburg, 2008)

Page 4: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Big Picture:

• Like Italian masters, northern masters wanted their works to have greater realism (to be realistic), but they used different methods.

• For example, they used a more realistic style than the Italian artists. People in northern paintings did not look like Greek & Roman gods. Instead, they are more lifelike, with human flaws.

• Italian painters painted “al fresco” – painting on wet plaster; which dried quickly. In Flanders, Northern artists began using oil paintings, which stays wet longer; allowing time for great detail.

• Northern masters also worked on a broader range of subjects. Many painted scenes of daily life (festivals, working in fields, etc.), rather than Bible scenes and mythological scenes favored by the Italian masters.

Page 5: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Johannes Gutenberg – Holy Roman Empire = 1395 to 1468

• Literature flourished during the Renaissance and spread Renaissance ideas, which can be greatly

attributed to Johannes Gutenberg.

• In 1455 Gutenberg printed the first book produced by using moveable type, The Bible, and started a printing revolution that would transform Europe.

Page 6: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Christine de Pizan - France1365 to 1430

• When she was 24, her husband died, and Pizan became a writer employed by various dukes and kings, in order to support her three children.

• Christine de Pizan, at first wrote poetry, however, she earned popularity by writing books…..– On women’s rights and seeking equality.– On the history and rule of the dukes and kings she

worked for - King Charles V & VI of France.– History - The victory of Joan of Arc at the Battle of

Orleans.

Page 7: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Desiderius Erasmus - Netherlands (1466-1536)

• Priest and Humanist he pushed for a Vernacular (native language of a people) form of the Bible; not just Latin…which many can’t read.

• Wanted to reform (change) the Catholic Church

• Wrote: The Praise of Folly

• Used humor to show the immoral and ignorant behavior of people, including the clergy. He felt people would be open minded and be kind to others.

Page 8: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Sir Thomas Moore - England (1478-1535)

• English Humanist

• Wrote: Utopia

• A book about a perfect society in which men and women live in harmony, there is no private property, no one is lazy, all

people are educated and the justice system is used to end crime instead of executing

criminals.

• He questioned the authority of King Henry VIII’s decision to take control of religion in England – and not the Pope…..His head

was chopped off!!!

Page 9: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Miguel de Cervantes – Spain1547 to 1616

• Wrote Don Quixote (kee-HOH-tay). In this book Cervantes poked fun at the romantic tales of the Middle Ages.

• It follows the adventures of Alonso Quixano, a nobleman who reads so many Medieval novels on knights that he struggles with the fine line of reality and illusion. He decides to set out to revive the code of chivalry for knights, under the name Don Quixote. He recruits a simple farmer, Sancho Panza, as his squire, who often “plays along” with his knight….such as attacking windmills.

• Like many others of the Renaissance, Cervantes thought that his time was much better than the Middle Ages.

Page 10: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

William Shakespeare - England 1564-1616

• English poet and playwright• Well-known plays include: Hamlet, Macbeth, Romeo and

Juliet• Influence and Impact on the Renaissance: He expanded the dramatic potential of

characterization (his characters were very complex), plot, language (creative), and genre

Page 11: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Words or Phrases we use from Shakespeare

• "For goodness sake" - Henry VIII• - "Neither here not there" - Othello• - "Mum's the word" - Henry VI, Part II• - "Eaten out of house and home" - Henry IV, Part

II• - "Rant" - Hamlet• - "Knock knock! Who's there?" - Macbeth• - "All's well that ends well" - All's Well That Ends

Well• - "With bated breath" - The Merchant of Venice• - "A wild goose chase" - Romeo and Juliet• - "Assassination" - Macbeth• - "Too much of a good thing" - As You Like It• - "A heart of gold" - Henry V• - "Such stuff as dreams are made on" - The

Tempest• - "Fashionable" - Troilus and Cressida• - "What the dickens" - The Merry Wives of

Windsor• - "Puking" - As You Like It• - "Lie low" - Much Ado About Nothing• - "Dead as a doornail" - Henry VI, Part II• - "Not slept one wink" -• Cymbeline- "Foregone conclusion" – Othello

• - "The world's mine oyster" - The Merry Wives of Windsor

• - "Obscene" - Love's Labour's Lost• - "Bedazzled" - The Taming of the Shrew• - "In stitches" - Twelfth Night• - "Addiction" - Othello• - "Naked truth" - Love's Labour's Lost• - "Faint-hearted" - Henry VI, Part I• - "Send him packing" - Henry IV• - "Vanish into thin air" - Othello• - "Swagger" - Henry V• - "Own flesh and blood" - Hamlet• - "Truth will out" - The Merchant of Venice• - "Zany" - Love's Labour's Lost• - "Give the devil his due" - Henry IV, Part I• - "There's method in my madness" - Hamlet• - "Salad days" - Antony and Cleopatra• - "Wear your heart on your sleeve" - Othello• - "Spotless reputation" - Richard II• - "Full circle" - King Lear• - "There's the rub" - Hamlet• - "All of a sudden" - The Taming of the Shrew• - "Come what, come may" - Macbeth

Page 12: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Jan van Eyck - Flanders1390-1441

• A master of oil painting, which was first developed in Flanders (northern Belgium). Italians painted “al fresco” – painting on wet plaster, which dried quickly.

• Oil lets artists paint intricate details and surface texture, like the gold braid on a gown.

• In the Arnolfini Portrait, Van Eyck showed every fold in their rich gowns and every detail of the chandelier above their heads.

The Arnolfini Portrait The painting is a small full-length double portrait, which is believed to represent the Italian merchant Giovanni di Nicolao Arnolfini and possibly his wife.

Page 13: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Pieter Bruegel the Elder – Flanders1525 to 1569

• Bruegel preferred to paint people in motion so the shape of their bodies was more important than the way the fabric of their clothes draped around them – detail was not important to him

• Bruegel loved to paint landscapes. Other Renaissance painters created landscapes too, but they usually did so as backdrops for religious paintings.

• Bruegel liked to paint peasants. He often dressed up as a peasant and wandered through towns looking for inspiration. This earned him the nickname “Peasant Bruegel”

• Bruegel had two sons, Pieter Brueghel the Younger and Jan Brueghel the Elder. They both became painters.

Page 14: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Albrecht Durer – Holy Roman Empire 1471-1528

Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse – four fierce horsemen ride to announce the end of the world.

• One of the greatest artists of the North.

• Master both perspective and fine detail

• Best known for his engravings, made from an image carved on metal, wood, or stone. Ink is applied to the surface, and then the image is printed on paper.

Page 15: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Review Focus…complete this on the back of your Uffizi Gallery Crawl.

• How/Why did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe?

• What contributions did “Masters” make to the northern Renaissance? Any big deals?

• How did the works of northern “Masters” differ from those of the Italian Renaissance? Prove it….at least 3 examples

Page 16: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Independent

• A. If you have two standard classes : Make an acrostic poem on the Renaissance. Use at least 7 masters from the Renaissance in your poem.

• B. If you have one standard class and one honors class : Make an acrostic poem on the Renaissance. Use at least 7 masters from the Renaissance in your poem. Include two examples on how the Northern Renaissance compares to the Italian Renaissance.

• C. If you have two honors classes : Make an acrostic poem on the Renaissance. Use at least 7 masters from the Renaissance in your poem. Include three examples how the Renaissance continues to impact modern society.

Page 17: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Students will read Sonnet 61 by Petrarch and Sonnet 116 by Shakespeare to answer the following questions:• How would you summarize the main idea of

Petrarch's sonnet?• In what ways does Shakespeare's sonnet explore the

theme of the nature of love?• Both sonnets focus on the worldly romantic love.

How might the focus of these sonnets have been different if they had been written during the Middle Ages? Explain your answers.

Page 18: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Art Review

• Choose three people or works from the entire Renaissance, and judge their importance.

• 1. Choose three people or works of the Renaissance.• 2. These people or works should be (in your opinion) the

best examples of Renaissance Ideals (rebirth of ancient world, perspective, new subject matters, etc.

• 3. In your “judging” please provide the following:– Name of person and their “work”– The reason they or the work is the best example of Renaissance

Ideals– In at least two paragraphs.

Page 19: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Sonnet 61 – Francesco Petrarch

Blest be the day, and blest the month and year,Season and hour and very moment blest,The lovely land and place where first possessedBy two pure eyes I found me prisoner;And blest the first sweet pain, the first most dear,Which burnt my heart when Love came in as guest;And blest the bow, the shafts which shook my breast,And even the wounds which Love delivered there.Blest be the words and voices which filled groveAnd glen with echoes of my lady's name;The sighs, the tears, the fierce despair of love;And blest the sonnet-sources of my fame;And blest that thought of thoughts which is her own,Of her, her only, of herself alone!

Sonnet 116 – William Shakespeare

• Let me not to the marriage of true mindsAdmit impediments. Love is not loveWhich alters when it alteration finds,Or bends with the remover to remove:O no; it is an ever-fixed mark, That looks on tempests, and is never shaken;It is the star to every wandering bark,Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken.Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Within his bending sickle's compass come; Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, But bears it out even to the edge of doom. If this be error and upon me proved, I never writ, nor no man ever loved.

Page 20: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

SONNET 116 PARAPHRASE

Let me not to the marriage of true minds Let me not declare any reasons why two

Admit impediments. Love is not love True-minded people should not be married. Love is not love

Which alters when it alteration finds, Which changes when it finds a change in circumstances,

Or bends with the remover to remove: Or bends from its firm stand even when a lover is unfaithful:

O no! it is an ever-fixed mark Oh no! it is a lighthouse

That looks on tempests and is never shaken; That sees storms but it never shaken;

It is the star to every wandering bark, Love is the guiding north star to every lost ship,

Whose worth's unknown, although his height be taken. Whose value cannot be calculated, although its altitude can be measured.

Love's not Time's fool, though rosy lips and cheeks Love is not at the mercy of Time, though physical beauty

Within his bending sickle's compass come: Comes within the compass of his sickle.

Love alters not with his brief hours and weeks, Love does not alter with hours and weeks,

But bears it out even to the edge of doom. But, rather, it endures until the last day of life.

If this be error and upon me proved, If I am proved wrong about these thoughts on love

I never writ, nor no man ever loved. Then I recant all that I have written, and no man has ever [truly] loved.

Page 21: Renaissance The Northern Renaissance. Focus Questions 1. How did the Renaissance spread to northern Europe? 2. What contributions did “Masters” (people

Petrarch Sonnet 61

• Blesses time and place when 1st saw Laura• Blesses pain and wounds of love• Blesses despair of lovel• Blesses his own fame derived from sonnets

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Shakespeare Sonnet 116

• English sonnet• Attempt to define love/absence of love• Does not alter• Does not bend• Ever-fixed mark• Not time’s fool• Lasts till edge of doom• Witty epigrammatic closing couplet