The Modern World

Globalization Acronyms• World Trade Organization (WTO):

an international organization created to supervise international trade and support free trade

• The European Union: an economic and political union of 27 member countries in Europe dedicated to regional integration

• Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries: An organization that works to protect the interests of member countries that produce oil– Example: controlling oil prices to make

more $$$

• North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA): eliminated tariffs and trade restrictions between Canada, the U.S. and Mexico

• the International Monetary Fund (IMF): an organization that offers emergency loans to countries in financial crisis

• United Nations (UN): an international organization dedicated to keeping the peace and preventing human rights violations

• the World Bank: an organization that offers loans to developing countries for large government projects

• NATO: A mutual defense organization created to protect member states from aggression

Developed vs. Developing Nations

• A developed nation is a: nation with the industrialization, transportation, and business facilities for the advanced production of manufactured goods

• A developing nation is a: nation that is in the process of becoming industrialized

Developed nations Developing nations

Primary Location: The “Western” World parts of Asia, Africa, and South America

Economic conditions: More prosperity, less poverty

LOTS of poverty

Social Conditions: More literate, access to health care

Less literate, often no or very little access to

healthcarePopulation size and

rate of growth:Constantly growing Not growing

By the end of this century knowledge workers [people whose jobs focus on working with information] will amount to a third or more of the work force in the United States. …The majority of knowledge workers will be paid at least as well as blue-collar workers ever were, or better. And the new jobs offer much greater opportunities…The new jobs…require a habit of continuous learning.PETER DRUCKER, Managing a Time of Great change

Economic development and rapid population growth have an impact on

the environment and society in today’s world.

• The economic development and population explosion affects the Environment through:– Increased pollution– Loss of animal habitats– Global climate change (global warming!)

• The rapid growth of the population affects Society by increasing:– Poverty– Poor health– Illiteracy– Famine– Migration (the movement of people from one place to

another

A stable economy contributes to a stable democracy, and political

freedom helps to increase economic development.

• How?– Free market economies produce rising standards of

living and an expanding middle class, which produces growing demands for political freedoms and individual rights.

– Examples: Taiwan and South Korea.

• BUT—Every nation, no matter if they’re developed or developing, depends on each other for their raw materials, markets, and financial resources (banks and loans)—this forms a GLOBAL ECONOMY

Economic Interdependence between Countries

• Fast transportation, communication, and computer networks help keep people in different countries connected.

• Multinational corporations (companies that operate in many different countries) have helped by building factories in many different locations. They see the whole world as a market for their goods. – because of this, in the global economy its as

if national boundaries do not exist

Challenges faced by both developed and developing nations because of

their differences:• Migrations of refugees

(people seeking safety from war or persecution in another nation) and others– Refugees can be an issue in

international conflicts– Migrations of “guest workers”

to European cities

• Ethnic and religious conflicts today are found in:– The Middle East, Northern

Ireland, the Balkans, the Horn of Africa, and South Asia

• Impact of new technologies– Widespread but unequal

access to computers and instantaneous communications leads to unrest

– Genetic engineering and bioethics make people question the right or wrong of science• Example: Cloning—right or

wrong?• Genetic engineering – introduce

new genes into an organism to give it new traits

• Cloning – creation of identical copies of DNA.

Terrorism• Some people deal with the inequality

through use of violence• Terrorism: the use of violence

and threats to intimidate and coerce for political reasons–Major causes: political extremism,

religious extremism

Foreign and Domestic

• Examples: –Munich Olympics– Terrorist attacks in the

United States (9/11/2001)• motivated by extremism on the

part of Al-Qaeda and its leader, Osama bin Laden.

– Car bombings– Suicide bombers– Airline hijackers

Munich & Atlanta Olympics

• Munich– 1972 Summer Olympics– Palestinian group captured 11 members

of the Israeli Olympic Team – held hostage and eventually killed

• Atlanta– July 27, 1996– Bombs went off– 2 died, 110 injured

September 11, 2001

• Four planes hijacked– Two hit the Twin Towers

in New York• Both towers collapse

– One hit the Pentagon– One crashed in

Pennsylvania

• Worst and deadliest attack on American soil

Boston Marathon Attacks

• 4/15/13• Two bombs exploded

within 12 seconds of each other near the finish line

• 3 died, 180 injured

WACO• Began Feb 28,

1993– ATF went to search

compound occupied by the Branch Davidians

– Gun battle erupts– Standoff for 50 days

• Siege ends on April 19, 1993

• 76 people died

OKLAHOMA CITY BOMBING

• April 19, 1995• Domestic terrorism– Timothy McVeigh– Angry about Federal

government’s handling of WACO

• Federal Building (Murrah) blown up

• 168 died, 680 injured

Acts of Violence

• Columbine (4/20/99)– Two students entered high

school with guns and killed 12

– Both committed suicide– Worst school shooting in the

USA (now 2nd)

• VA Tech Shooting (4/16/07)– Lone gunman killed 32– Worst school shooting in the

USA

• Sandy Hook Elementary Shooting (12/14/12)– Lone gunman enters school

and killed 26

• DMV Sniper (October 2002)– Two gunmen terrorized area

by killing 10 and critically injuring 3

• Aurora Theater Shooting (7/20/12)– Lone gunman enters theater

and killed 12 and injured 58– Trial ongoing

• Sikh Temple Shooting (8/5/12)– Lone gunman enters temple

and killed 6 and wounded 4 more

Government Response to Terrorism

– Surveillance increased and privacy rights decreased

– Security at ports and airports increased

– Identification badges and photos required

– Patriot Act is a law that was passed by Congress in 2002 and signed by George W. Bush. This allowed law enforcement great freedom in researching suspected terrorist (foreign or domestic)