The Middle ColoniesNew York, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, Delaware

Middle Colonies Map

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New York

New York Colony

• The 1st European to come to the New York Harbour was Giovanni da Verrazzano in 1524.

• In 1609 the 1st Dutch explorer came to present day Albany his name was Henry Hudson.

• On June 3rd 1621the Dutch West India Company a company of Dutch merchants was granted a charter for a trade monopoly in the west. This company became a main instrument in the Dutch colonization of the west.

• In 1625 the construction of Fort Amsterdam began and this is marked as the unofficial birth of New York.

• On May 24th Manhattan island was bought from the Lenape natives for 60 Dutch guilders which today is worth 1000 dollars, there is a rumour that the island was actually bought for 24 dollars but it has never been confirmed.

• On August 27th 1664 four ships from England arrived atNew York harbour and demanded New Amsterdam surrender their colony. Their current Director General Peter Stuyvesant ceded the colony to the English but in return kept the way of life in the colony.

New York Colony Cont.

• After the colony was taken over by the English it was given to the King’s brother the Duke Of York and it then was renamed New York after the Duke.

• On June 12th 1665 New York appointed its 1st mayor Thomas Whillet.

• During the glorious revolution in England New York was briefly recaptured by Jacob Leisler and and he established a new government where a council was elected, but Liesler was captured and hanged 1691.Then the English let be of the system of government that was setup there.

New York Colony Cont.

• On March 17th 1756 the 1st St. Patrick’s day was celebrated at the Crown and Thistle tavern in New York. This holiday has since become a yearly city-wide celebration that is famous around the world as the St. Patrick's Day Parade.

• During the glorious revolution in England New York was briefly recaptured by Jacob Leisler and he established a new government where a council was elected, but Liesler was captured and hanged 1691.Then the English let be of the system of government that was setup there.

• The Zenger case was a great step to freedom because it led to freedom of press in New York.

• Important New York figures included: James, Duke of York Peter StuyvesantThomas Whillet Peter Minuit

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New Jersey

New Jersey Colony

• New Jersey was founded by Lord Berkeley and Sir George Carteret

• The motivation for founding was the two promised settlers a representative government and religious freedom

• Religions included: Presbyterian , Quakers, Dutch Reformed, Baptist, Dutch Lutheran, Seventh Day Reformed, and Dutch Reformed

• In a representative government, Philip Carteret was the governor of New Jersey from 1665-1682

New Jersey Colony Cont.

• New Jersey had an industrial/agricultural economy which involved: iron working, lumbering, glass production, harvesting grain, and breeding livestock-cattle.

• By 1790, the population was approximately 184, 139 people.

• The population consisted of: English, Dutch, German, Native and African Americans

• Important figures were:Lord Berkeley, Sir George Carteret and James, Duke of York

• New Jersey was the first to approve the Bill of Rights.

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Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania Colony

• William Penn founded Pennsylvania March 4th, 1681

• Penn founded for religious freedom for the Quakers without persecution.

• German Reformed, Lutherans, Anglicans, and Presbyterians, Roman Catholics, Jews, Dunkers, Schwenkfelders, Mennonites, Moravians were also religions in P.A

• In a representative government, William Markham was deputy governor from 1681-82, 1693-99

• The economy was agriculturally based with the production of: corn, wheat, hemp and flax.

Pennsylvania Colony Cont.

• By 1790, the population was 434,373 people

• The population was dominated by Native Americans, but also English and Irish

• By 1700, Pennsylvania was the third biggest and richest colony in the New World

• The most important figure in Pennsylvania was William Penn.

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Delaware

Delaware Colony

• Peter Minuit and the Sweden Company founded Delaware in 1638.

• When Charles II, King of England gave his brother James, the Duke of York, New Netherland, he demanded and received its surrender, and changed New Sweden to Delaware

• Religions included: Scandinavian Lutherans, Dutch Reformed, Quakers, and Welsh Baptists

• In a representative government, Peter Minuit was governor for one year- 1638

Delaware Colony Cont.

• Ship building, iron works, trading and shipping lumber and timber were part of the economy, as well as the harvesting of grain, rice and indigo.

• By 1790, the population was 59,096 people

• Settlers were of Swedish, Dutch and English origins

• Delaware was a part of Pennsylvania until 1703.