The Lure of ImperialismChapter 7 Section 1

Page 200-205

▶ Imperialism- extending a nation’s power over other lands

▶ 1870-1910 Big countries competed for territory in Africa, Asia, and Latin America

▶ The United States soon joined the race for new territory

Imperialist Activity

▶ Economy- countries looked for new markets for their goods and more raw materials to make them

▶ Military- countries needed strong navies to protect their trading interests, needed refueling bases throughout the world

Reasons for Imperialism

▶ Nationalism- strong love for one’s country

▶ Cultural Superiority- felt it was our duty to civilize “backward” countries

▶ Christianity- many felt it was our duty to “Christianize” the heathen countries

Reasons for Imperialism

▶ In 1778, British explorer Captain James Cook, visited the islands

▶ He was killed by the natives, but his voyage brought Hawaii to the attention of other countries

▶ King Kamehameha united the eight islands under his leadership

Hawaii

▶ In the 1820’s U.S. ships began to travel to Hawaii bringing missionaries and settlers who began raising sugarcane

▶ These whites brought diseases which killed thousands of Hawaiians

Hawaii

▶ Soon these sugar planters became very wealthy

▶ Planters began bringing in workers from China, Japan, and the Philippines

▶ Americans soon took control over Hawaii’s land and economy

Hawaii

▶ In 1887, American businessmen forced King Kalakaua at gunpoint to sign a new constitution that limited his power

▶ When Kalakaua died in 1891, his sister became Queen of Hawaii

Bayonet Constitution

▶ Queen Liliuokalani tried to take Hawaii back from the Americans

▶ In response, John L Stevens, the American minister to Hawaii, sent U.S. Marines ashore

▶ They surrounded the royal palace and forced the Queen to surrender

End of the Kingdom

End of the Kingdom

▶ Sanford B Dole- a sugar tycoon, became the new President of the Republic of Hawaii

▶ Hawaii was placed under “U.S. protection”

▶ The U.S. Senate began discussing a treaty to annex the islands

Republic of Hawaii

▶ In 1898, Congress voted to annex the islands

▶ In 1959, Hawaii became the 50th state in the U.S.

▶ In 1993, Congress apologized for their role in overthrowing Queen Liliuokalani

Annexation of Hawaii

▶ American traders had been trading in China since 1784

▶ China strictly controlled foreign trade

▶ They only opened one port to foreign ships

▶ In 1842, Britain forcefully opened 5 new ports to trade

▶ This gave the U.S. more trading rights as well

American Influence in China

▶ Since the 1600’s, Japan had shut itself off from all foreign contact

▶ The U.S. pressured Japan to open their country to trade

▶ In 1853, POTUS Millard Fillmore sent Commodore Perry with four warships to Tokyo Bay

▶ Japan knew it could not defend itself against the U.S. Navy

▶ Japan signed a treaty that opened up trade with the U.S.

U.S. Influence in Japan

▶ Imperialism▶ Ideology▶ Captain James Cook▶ Chief Kamehamaha▶ Hawaiian League▶ Bayonet Constitution▶ Queen Liliuokalani▶ Sanford B Dole▶ John L Stevens▶ Grover Cleveland

1. How much did the U.S. purchase Alaska for?

2. What year did King Kalakaua become king?

3. Who sent U.S. Marines ashore in Hawaii?

4. What year did Hawaii become the 50th state?

5. What treaty ended the Russo-Japanese War?

Identify Terms and People 7.1 (p. 200-205)

▶Write a “one-pager” that explains how the United States took over the Hawaiian islands and whether or not you agree with their decision and tactics

Honors “One-Pager”