Glocal Internships 2011: Perspectives from

the Field

The Hebrew University of JerusalemThe Faculty of Social Sciences

Glocal would like to thank the School of Public Policy and the Faculty of Social Science at the Hebrew University for their

support of Glocal internships 2011.

Established at the Hebrew University in the winter of 2011, Glocal Community-Development Studies was designed to be an interdisciplinary Master’s program aimed at the effective translation of academic research into practical understanding conducive to work with communities and development organizations across the globe. To this end, an integral part of the Glocal program is the internship - which serves to supplement each student’s academic learning with a grounded local experience. Each year, a group of Glocal students embark on their internships, forging connections with marginalized communities across the world through hand’s on work with leading development INGOs or NGOs.

In the fall of 2011, after a year of research and preparations, the first cohort of Glocal students set out on their internships. Upon their return to Israel, the students engaged in a process of self-reflection and joint learning- unpacking their experiences through a final seminar. Inspired by the deep engagement of our students with local communities, and the breadth of insights and innovations that grew from their work, we searched for a way to share them with you.

This booklet is composed of a series of posters. Each poster is distinct, describing the general work of a partner organization, and highlighting the unique path each student followed as they developed their projects with a local community.

In the following pages, we invite you to join us in their journey of discovery. Travel to Sri Lanka to learn about Sarvodaya’s work with ex-combatants, visit the island of Assam in India to learn about the formation of a women’s economic cooperative at IMPACT NE, discover how Village Health Works has used football to fight HIV in Burundi, and return to Israel to explore ASSAF’s work with Sudanese Refugees in south Tel Aviv. We hope you enjoy the journey.

Yours sincerely,

The Glocal Team

Page 2

Leveraging Local Assets Through Partnership Development: The Mising

Tribe woman weavers cooperative – Gili Navon with Impact NE in Assam India ..................4-5

Next Generation Leadership: An Ex-Volunteer Evaluation Project-

Esther Bronstein, Yael Wolfenson and Boaz Yaniv with Restless Development

in Tamil Nadu, India .................................................................................................................6-9

Ex-Combatant Youth Rehabilitation Programs- Naama Gorodischer with

Sarvodaya in Batticaloa District, Sri Lanka ......................................................................... 10-11

FAST - Finding a Solution Together- Shira Ben Simon with Sarvodaya in Sri Lanka ........... 12-13

Women Empowerment Program- Shira Levi with Tevel B’Tzedek in Nepal ....................... 14-15

2nd Annual Village Health Works World AIDS Day Tournament: Football,

Volleyball, Song, Dance and Igoma Drums- Danny Schwartz with Village Health

Works in Kigutu, Burundi .................................................................................................... 16-17

Between Peace and Bananas - food crops yield peace and reconciliation-

Nehara Mor with Floresta in Burundi ................................................................................. 18-19

Green Manure Project- Shaked Avizedek with Floresta in the Dominican Republic........... 20-21

Advocacy and Support Center- Maya Aberman with Assaf in Tel Aviv, Israel .................... 22-23

Promoting Business and economic ties between Israel and Palestine-

Thomas Higinbotham with the Peres Center For Peace in Jaffa, Israel ............................... 24-25

Gili obtained her undergraduate degree with distinction in Anthropology, Sociology and Indian Studies from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and her Masters in Glocal Community Development Studies, also at the Hebrew University.

Gili has vast experience in fields related to rural India and social- cultural anthropology: she previously conducted qualitative research and 8 months of intensive field work in North East India. Recently, Gili completed a significant four month internship in India, on Majuli Island, Assam, where she worked closely with the local tribal community, developed a supportive organizational network, and was involved in the foundation of a tribal weavers’ cooperative.

Gili’s positive approach of finding solutions is part of her many natural capabilities- such as cross-cultural coordination, team and project leadership, social network development, and strategic planning. She is fluent in Hindi, Sanskrit and Assamese, and has outstanding linguistic abilities which will enable her to learn additional local dialects as required.

Gili is eager to continue her work in the field of international development, focusing on sustainable rural development and women empowerment through mutual learning, trust and partnership building.

Impact NE – India:

Operating in the Majuli Island in Assam, in the north east region of India, Impact NE works for the sustainable socio-economic development of poor and under privileged communities. It provides training and programs in various fields including: education, environment, women empowerment, culture and health.

Gili Navon

Page 4

Boaz obtained his undergraduate degree in Literature and Linguistics from Ben-Gurion University, and his Masters in Glocal Community Development Studies from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

Boaz has recently completed a four months internship with Restless-Development in South India where he worked with teachers conducting project evaluation and capacity-building on subjects such as, sexual reproductive health.

Boaz comes to his academic studies with an extensive background both as a social and a political activist. He focused his attention on diverse projects that weave the personal and the political: he was a facilitator for youth groups prior to their military service discussing the subject of serving in the Occupied Palestinian Territories, and coordinated a project providing legal and administrative consultation for Thai migrant workers. In recent years he has been involved in the struggle of the Bedouin community in the Negev, demonstrating and campaigning against demolitions of villages and for sustainable planning.

Founder and editor of the well known poetry journal Daka, Boaz is also a poet, with his first poetry book soon to be published.

Boaz is currently working for Ma’an - Forum of Arab-Bedouin Women’s Organizations in the Negev, in the capacity of resource developer. He is interested in working in the field of community development, focusing on women and youth groups with an emphasis on empowerment through education and leadership building.

Restless Development – India:

A youth-led and youth focused organization, Restless Development is working with young people across India on health issues such as nutrition, sanitation, HIV and AIDS, and livelihood, addressing sexual and reproductive health issues as part of a broader view of advancing sustainable livelihoods. The organization provides a variety of programs building local capacities including youth leadership and empowerment, sustainable livelihoods, village knowledge centers and educational development.

Boaz Yaniv

Page 6

Nex

t Gen

erat

ion

Lead

ersh

ip: A

n Ex

-Vol

unte

er E

valu

atio

n Pr

ojec

t for

Res

tless

Dev

elop

men

t Ind

ia

Intr

oduc

tion:

Rest

less

Dev

elop

men

t (RD

) Ind

ia is

a y

outh

led

deve

lopm

ent

agen

cy w

orki

ng to

eng

age

youn

g pe

ople

in d

evel

opm

ent,

part

icul

arly

rega

rdin

g se

xual

and

repr

oduc

tive

heal

th,

livel

ihoo

d bu

ildin

g an

d ci

vic

part

icip

atio

n.Si

nce

its e

stab

lishm

ent,

Rest

less

Dev

elop

men

t has

had

ove

r 18

0 na

tiona

l vol

unte

ers

part

icip

atin

g in

its

ongo

ing

com

mun

ity e

ndea

vors

. The

se v

olun

teer

s w

ere

both

a h

uman

re

sour

ce in

the

orga

niza

tions

pro

ject

s an

d a

targ

et p

opul

atio

n th

emse

lves

, as

RD fo

cuse

s on

the

pers

onal

dev

elop

men

t of

thei

r vol

unte

ers.

As

part

of o

ur in

tern

ship

in R

D In

dia,

we

cond

ucte

d a

pilo

t ev

alua

tion

proj

ect,

aim

ing

to a

nsw

er th

e fo

llow

ing

rese

arch

qu

estio

n:

Wha

t is

the

impa

ct th

at v

olun

teer

ing

in R

estl

ess

Dev

elop

men

t has

had

on

the

lives

of t

he in

divi

dual

s ta

king

pa

rt in

it, b

oth

duri

ng a

nd p

ost t

heir

vol

unte

erin

g pe

riod

?

Eval

uatio

n G

oals

:Pr

imar

y G

oal:

Ass

essi

ng th

e im

pact

that

vol

unte

erin

g in

Re

stle

ss D

evel

opm

ent h

ad o

n vo

lunt

eers

’ live

s in

two

mai

n as

pect

s:1.

Fut

ure

empl

oym

ent o

ppor

tuni

ties

2. P

erso

nal o

pini

ons

and

choi

ces

Der

ivin

g G

oals

:

Initi

al re

sear

ch a

nd m

appi

ng o

f exi

stin

g da

ta w

ith s

take

hold

ers

Dev

elop

ing

and

pre-

test

ing

a Se

mi-s

truc

ture

d Q

uest

ionn

aire

Inte

ract

ive

Que

stio

nnai

re G

roup

s (IQ

G)

Initi

al a

naly

sis

of th

e da

ta c

olle

cted

in th

e IQ

Gs

Dev

elop

ing

and

cond

uctin

g 3

Sem

i-str

uctu

red

Inte

rvie

ws

Fina

l dat

a an

alys

is

Fina

l rep

ort c

ompo

sitio

n

Pres

enta

tion

to s

take

hold

ers

in R

estle

ss D

evel

opm

ent

Yael

Wol

fens

on

l

Boa

z Yan

iv

l E

sthe

r Bro

wns

tein

Goa

l #1

Goa

l #2

Goa

l #3

Goa

l #4

Eval

uatin

g w

heth

er e

x-vo

lunt

eers

are

cur

rent

ly

cont

ribut

ing

to o

r lea

ding

soc

ial c

hang

e in

thei

r pe

rson

al o

r pro

fess

iona

l liv

es

Exam

inin

g th

e va

lue

of th

e pr

ofes

sion

al tr

aini

ng

whi

ch th

e vo

lunt

eers

und

erw

ent d

urin

g th

eir

volu

ntee

ring

perio

d in

RD

, in

rega

rd to

thei

r cu

rren

t em

ploy

men

t situ

atio

n  Ex

plor

ing

the

reas

ons

for t

he d

i�er

entia

tion

betw

een

volu

ntee

rs th

at d

ecid

ed to

ext

end

thei

r vo

lunt

eerin

g pe

riod

in R

D a

nd th

ose

who

did

not

Exam

inin

g w

heth

er th

e ex

-vol

unte

ers

curr

ently

w

ish

to b

e in

volv

ed w

ith R

estle

ss D

evel

opm

ent i

n va

rious

com

mun

ity d

evel

opm

ent a

ctiv

ities

Met

hodo

logi

cal

Chal

leng

es

Smal

l sam

ple

No

exis

ting

ex-v

olun

teer

dat

abas

e

No

base

line

surv

ey

Gen

der b

ias

Lang

uage

bar

rier

Low

bud

get

No

prof

essi

onal

tran

slat

ors

Met

hodo

logy

& E

valu

atio

n st

ages

:

X4X2

2Th

e av

erag

e ag

e of

the

resp

onde

nts

is 2

6.6,

resp

onde

nts

ages

rang

ed fr

om 2

0-36

The

maj

ority

of t

he re

spon

dent

s vo

lunt

eere

d fo

r one

yea

r or m

ore

Tamil N

adu

Wha

t is

IQG

? IQ

G is

an

inno

vativ

e da

ta c

olle

ctio

n st

rate

gy w

hich

inco

rpor

ates

co

mpo

nent

s fr

om th

e qu

estio

nnai

re a

nd th

e fo

cus

- gro

up m

etho

ds.

This

met

hod

cons

ists

of a

n in

tera

ctiv

e m

eetin

g , i

n w

hich

the

faci

litat

ors

lead

the

part

icip

ants

to �

ll in

a g

iven

que

stio

nnai

re in

a

guid

ed p

artic

ipat

ory

proc

ess.

The

adva

ntag

es o

f usi

ng th

e IQ

G s

trat

egy:

Colle

ctin

g in

itial

dat

a fo

r the

eva

luat

ion

in a

sho

rt p

erio

d of

tim

e

Ass

urin

g qu

estio

ns a

nd d

e�ni

tions

in th

e qu

estio

nnai

re a

re c

lear

to

the

resp

onde

nts,

part

icul

arly

in a

mul

ti-lin

gual

and

/or c

ultu

rally

di

vers

e en

viro

nmen

t

Gat

herin

g m

ore

qual

itativ

e da

ta th

roug

h th

e pr

oces

s of

a d

ynam

ic

grou

p di

scus

sion

Not

in

volv

ed

at a

ll

Onc

e or

tw

ice

in

the

past

ye

ar

Mor

e th

an

twic

e a

year

Dat

a A

naly

sis

Proc

ess:

Usi

ng m

ultip

le d

ata

colle

ctio

n m

etho

ds e

nabl

ed u

s to

co

mpa

re a

nd c

ontr

ast t

he v

ario

us �

ndin

gs, i

n a

proc

edur

e co

mm

only

kno

wn

as tr

iang

ulat

ion.

Whi

le e

ncou

nter

ing

the

sam

e �n

ding

s in

mor

e th

an o

ne

sour

ce o

f dat

a (Q

uest

ionn

aire

, IQ

G, S

emi-s

truc

ture

d in

terv

iew

), th

e va

lidity

and

relia

bilit

y of

our

con

clus

ions

was

m

axim

ized

.

The

info

rmat

ion

we

colle

cted

usi

ng th

e va

rious

met

hods

pr

ovid

ed u

s w

ith b

oth

qual

itativ

e an

d qu

antit

ativ

e da

ta.

In o

rder

to h

andl

e th

e la

rge

amou

nt o

f qua

litat

ive

data

sy

stem

atic

ally

, a c

odin

g sc

hem

e w

as re

quire

d. W

e us

ed th

e “C

olor

-Cod

ing”

tech

niqu

e, d

ivid

ing

our d

ata

into

four

mai

n th

emes

:

Skill

s

Empl

oym

ent

Soci

al in

volv

emen

t

Rela

tions

hip

with

the

orga

niza

tion

The

colo

r cod

ing

tech

niqu

e is

a u

sefu

l cat

egor

izin

g st

rate

gy

for q

ualit

ativ

e da

ta. T

he g

oal i

n th

is m

etho

d is

to re

arra

nge

the

data

into

cat

egor

ies

whi

ch s

uit t

he m

ain

rese

arch

them

es,

whe

reby

eac

h th

eme

is a

ssig

ned

a sp

eci�

c co

lor i

n ad

vanc

e.

Whi

le g

oing

thro

ugh

all t

he w

ritte

n m

ater

ials

, the

rese

arch

er

high

light

s ea

ch th

eme

in it

s ow

n co

lor,

mak

ing

it ea

sy la

ter o

n to

dis

tingu

ish

betw

een

the

vario

us th

emes

and

beg

in to

co

nclu

de �

ndin

gs.

No

or L

ittle

A

ssis

tanc

e

Mod

erat

e A

ssis

tanc

e

Sign

i�ca

nt

Ass

ista

nce

Conc

lusi

ons:

Find

ings

:

Skill

s: T

he v

olun

teer

ing

expe

rienc

e in

RD

had

a s

tron

g po

sitiv

e im

pact

on

the

ex-v

olun

teer

s pe

rson

al li

fe,

part

icul

arly

rega

rdin

g ne

w s

kills

ser

ving

them

dur

ing

the

volu

ntee

ring

perio

d its

elf a

s w

ell a

s af

terw

ards

Empl

oym

ent:

The

volu

ntee

ring

expe

rienc

e in

RD

in

crea

sed

the

ex-v

olun

teer

s’ w

ill to

wor

k in

com

mun

ity

deve

lopm

ent r

elat

ed �

elds

, but

did

not

ass

ist t

hem

in

�ndi

ng s

uch

oppo

rtun

ities

Soci

al in

volv

emen

t: A

lthou

gh th

e th

eore

tical

aw

aren

ess

to is

sues

of c

omm

unity

invo

lvem

ent

incr

ease

d, th

e va

st m

ajor

ity o

f ex-

volu

ntee

rs a

re n

ot

enga

ged

in a

ny s

uch

ende

avor

s

Rela

tions

hip

with

RD

: The

maj

ority

of t

he

ex-v

olun

teer

s w

ish

to k

eep

in c

onta

ct w

ith R

D, m

ainl

y fo

r pu

rpos

es o

f em

ploy

men

t opp

ortu

nitie

s an

d ne

twor

king

, w

hich

is s

ever

ely

lack

ing

in th

e cu

rren

t sta

te o

f a�a

irs

Reco

mm

enda

tions

:

RD s

houl

d gu

ide

the

ex-v

olun

teer

s on

ho

w to

use

thei

r im

prov

ed p

erso

nal s

kills

in

ord

er to

rais

e th

eir e

mpl

oyab

ility

leve

l. Th

is c

an b

e do

ne b

y bu

ildin

g a

mor

e st

ruct

ured

sch

eme

guid

ing

the

volu

ntee

rs

both

dur

ing

and

afte

r the

ir vo

lunt

eerin

g pe

riod

It is

nec

essa

ry fo

r the

org

aniz

atio

n to

co

nduc

t a w

ider

rese

arch

in o

rder

to

pinp

oint

the

spec

i�c

reas

onin

g be

hind

th

is la

ck o

f inv

olve

men

t, an

d de

vise

a

plan

of a

ctio

n in

ord

er to

ove

rcom

e th

e ch

alle

nges

and

enc

oura

ge fu

rthe

r act

ivity

in

this

�el

d

It is

str

ongl

y re

ccom

ende

d th

at R

D c

reat

e an

org

aniz

atio

nal e

x-vo

lunt

eer n

etw

ork

in

orde

r to

enab

le th

e ex

-vol

unte

ers

to

cont

act e

ach

othe

r ind

epen

dent

ly, s

hare

pr

ojec

t ide

as, j

ob o

ppor

tuni

ties,

or o

ther

pe

rson

al m

atte

rs, a

s w

ell a

s us

ing

this

as

set t

o ex

pand

the

RD c

omm

unity

and

ac

tion

Empl

oym

ent :

Exte

nt to

whi

ch c

aree

r gui

ding

ele

men

ts re

ceiv

ed

durin

g vo

lunt

eerin

g as

sist

ed in

�nd

ing

job:

Soci

al in

volv

emen

t :Le

vel o

f eng

agem

ent

in c

omm

unity

in

volv

emen

t:

The

incr

ease

in th

e le

vel o

f par

ticul

ar s

kills

due

to

the

volu

ntee

ring

in R

D:

Incr

ease

or S

tron

g in

crea

se

Mod

erat

e in

crea

se

No

or L

ittle

incr

ease

Dec

isio

n M

akin

g

Sel

f Con

�den

ce

Inte

rper

sona

l Ski

lls

Com

pute

r Ski

lls

Crea

tive

Thin

king

Skill

s :

Sam

ple

Char

acte

ristic

s:

Yael obtained her undergraduate degree in Political Science and Psychology from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and her Masters in Glocal Community-Development Studies, also from the Hebrew University.

Yael has recently completed a four-month internship with Restless Development in India where she worked in conducting monitoring and project evaluation.

Currently, Yael is working as volunteer coordinator for “Bem’aaglei Tzedek”, training and managing the organization’s young and adult volunteers and interns. She has extensive experience both in project management and advocacy, having been involved in supporting community associations of Israeli and foreign workers, and in advocating on behalf of impoverished workers at the municipal and parliamentary levels.

Yael is seeking opportunities to further her career working with groups and individuals (mainly women) in the labor market, both in opening new opportunities for low-wage workers and unemployed people, and strenghtening workers’ capabilities within their work place settings.

* Interned at Restless Development, see poster on previous page

Yael Wolfenson

Page 8

Esther is a native of the United Kingdom, having been born in Wales and brought up in Jerusalem.

She obtained her undergraduate degree in Sociology, Anthropology and Jewish Thought from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and is currently completing her Masters in Glocal Community Development Studies, also at the Hebrew University.

Esther has recently completed a four-month internship in South India, working with the international NGO ‘Restless Development’ in the field of program evaluation, as well as building and implementing training workshops for community involvement.

Previously, Esther served in the army as an officer in the Education Corp, working with new immigrants. Following her service in the army she joined the Israel Student Authority where she worked in the Immigrant Student’s Department as Staff Director and Team Leader and as counselor and counselors’ trainer in the Jewish Agency’s Diaspora Education Department.

After starting to volunteer in Nepal with the Israeli NGO Tevel b’Tzedek in 2009, focusing mainly on community based women empowerment programs, Esther accepted a position with the organization and stayed on for 18 months, working first as guide and coordinator for the long-term volunteer program, and later as the organization’s director of operations.

Esther is interested in expanding her work in the field of women empowerment and gender equality both internationally and locally, through facilitating sustainable development and long-term processes.

* Interned at Restless Development, see poster on previous page

Esther Bronstein

Naama is a native Israeli, holding both Israeli and Chilean citizenship. She obtained her undergraduate degree in Sociology, Anthropology and Education from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and her Masters in Glocal Community Development Studies, also at the Hebrew University.

Naama has recently completed a four-month internship with Sarvodaya, a local NGO in Sri Lanka, where she worked on different projects including peace-building and ex-combatants rehabilitation.

Naama has extensive experience in the field of education: she has worked with a diverse population of social classes, mostly with youth at risk in out-of-home care programs, both in the formal and the informal education system.

Following her service in the army, Naama volunteered in Uganda (Kampala), where she was involved in the foundation of a local NGO named “Little Light”. There she established an informal school for street children, as well as a community center which included a women’s group, a clinic, a nutrition program, and an after-school care program. Following her return to Israel she managed the recruitment of the human and economical resources and volunteers of “Little Light”, facilitating the operation of the Children’s center through partnership with the Israeli NGO “Brit Olam”.

Naama is seeking opportunities to further her career working with victimized populations, using her therapeutic and educational background and skills to create an educational- therapeutic space as a unique empowerment sphere.

Sarvodaya – Sri Lanka

Seeking to liberate the world from poverty, The Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement utilizes a holistic approach, inspired by Buddhist principles. Sarvodaya concentrates its efforts on social mobilization in the community, empowering various populations through peace-building, conflict resolution, and various other community development programs.

Naama Gorodischer

Page 10

Programs2008-2010

Ex-Combatant Youth Rehabilitation ProgramsBatticaloa District - Sarvodaya Shramadana MovementNaama Gorodischer, Faculty of Social Science, Hebrew University of Jerusalem.

Follow Up Findings

Program Strength Factors

Programs 2008-2011

91%

9% 8%

86%

6% 100%

TAMIL

EX-COMBATANTS

TAMIL

EX-COMBATANTS

SINHALESEMUSLIM EX-COMBATANTSTAMIL

56% F71% M

44% M

29% F

50% M50% F

50% M50% F

50% M50% FMUSLIM

During almost three decades of conflict in Sri-Lanka thousands of youths were forced to join the LTTE (Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam) for combat andsupport duties*. Once released, the children suffer from post war experiences and traumas which resulted in physical, social, psychiatric, psychological,emotion al and educational gaps that challenge their rehabilitation. Different programs are implemented in Sri- Lanka according to the DDR national framework; disarmament, demobilization, reinsertion and reintegration.*Sri- Lanka , ministry of defence.

Problem statement

Employment 67 %

Positive Family Relations 71 %Positive Community Relations 70%

Self Reflected Rehabilitation 62.5%

48% M52% F

50% M50% F

100% M 100% M

V.T.ODW V.T. USAID

Identity and Status Change The NGO as a "Safe Zone” Unique Social EnvironmentThe harsh experience of un- acceptance by society is

described as a self and social alienation. The unique socialstructure created by the programs re- defines temporarilysocial borders while emphasizes training on social change andde-stigmatization. This atmosphere permits a positive socialenvironment that allows the adaptation of social skills and builds self-confidence which are key component for a constructive reintegration.

"

(Dexuturan.)

There were Sinhalese people, and Tamil, theywere all very good, I talked Sinhalese a little bit….These people came and talked to me, they were allvery good" (Alini.)

“in the programs we used to tell each otherabout our stories, we knew who is war a�ectedand who is a child soldier. We were all friends, youwouldn't know who is who"

Research methodology:Data is based on a qualitative research of 11 interviews; 3 female, 9 male. Average age of 20, Recruited at 9-16, recruitment duration 2 months- 4 years.

YITP Unicef- WOSC

Funded by USAID. Implemented by Sarvodaya2010-2011.

A vocational training program for ex-combatant youths only. The program’s goal is tosupport youth in gaining access to vocationaleducation that would lead to employment andself-reliance. The program has a wholistic approach;it combines psycho- social training, social skills training and driving training, along with fullaccommodation and a safe social environmentfor the 6 months cycle.

Funded by Unicef- Wosc. Implemented bySarvodaya 2009-2010.

The Community Based Youth In TransitionProgram (YITP) was developed to assist youth in conflicted areas of all ethnicities, including ex-combatants, make the transition to a post conflictsetting. The program was implemented in 3districts and focused on creating a foundation ofknowledge and skills in order to enhance theability to take advantage of opportunities alongwith re-establishing community relationships.

Sarvodaya, Batticaloa trained 11 batches of a 6month cycle including 2 months of internship.* YITP east final report.

Funded by Operations Day's Work (Norway)Sri-Lanka. Implemented by Sarvodaya 2008-2011.

Vocational Training and Education for Peace &Reconciliation for Youth in Sri Lanka. The programsupports youth of all ethnic groups between agesof 13-20 to return to school and gain access tovocational education, in order to achieve employment and self-reliance.

Vocational training is given at choice ofparticipant from varied options as Bakery,Household Electrical Appliance Repairer, ElectricalHouse wiring and Plumbing, Motorbike Mechanic,Computer Application Assistant, etc.

Coming back home is often described as a fearfulexperience for the ex- combatants. The experience as captiveof the LTTE is present even after release, making their homevillage an unsafe environment. participants describe littleinteraction with the community and as a result, becoming “prisoners” in their own home as an action of caution.

The NGO is perceived as a "safe zone". The NGO is seenas a non- conflict, formal territory, which allows a temporaryand safe- exclusion from the “conflict game”.

"

".

when I came back from the LTTE I was afraid. Inever went out of my house, I was afraid they'llcome and catch me again. I never went out….. mymother signed me up to the program, we knewthat here they will not come to take me (Rajmond.)

Reintegration back into community is often experiencedas a difficult stage due to stigmatization and change ofstatus*. The interviewees pointed to a status change allowedby participation. The transformation experienced was reflectedby the participants as meaningful.*costache, 2010

"

"

Earlier, since we were in the LTTE they (thecommunity) were afraid to talk to us, not willing totalk to us. Since we learned the course they forgotthe past… now I have an identity in thecommunity. (Talini.)

Employment as a key factor in the creation of a rehabilitated identityEmployment raises the chance for successful self rehabilitation reflection by 64%

noitatilibaher detcelfer fles fo levelmargorp fo epytoN .dnaneewteb dnuof saw ecnereffid tnacifingis

.margorp eno ylno fo stnapicitrap revoni ecnereffid tnacifingis a wohsdidfo stnapicitraP noitatilibaher detcelfer flestonmargorp eno naht erom

.sutats tnemyolpmeecnatsissa laicnanif lanoitacovoN dnaneewteb dnuof saw noitaler

noitatilibaher detcelfer flesecnatsissa laicnanif lanoitacovoN .dnaneewteb dnuof saw noitaler

*The research was conducted in December 2011 on a small sample of ex-combatants. Further, broader research is necessary to verify results.

Shira was born in the United States and grew up in Jerusalem.

She obtained her undergraduate degree in Philosophy and French Studies from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and her Masters in Glocal Community-Development Studies, also from the Hebrew University.

Shira has just completed her four month internship with Sarvodaya, a local NGO in Sri Lanka, working on a project promoting citizens engagement in good governance and post-war reconciliation.

Between the years 2001 and 2010 Shira has worked in media in Israel, both in print and online, writing for Ma’ariv, Ha’aretz, Ynet and The Third Ear as well as for different magazines. Between the years 2008 and 2012 she volunteered in the absorption center for the Ethiopian community in Mevasseret Zion near Jerusalem.

Shira currently resides in Jerusalem with her husband, working as coordinator at Ginot Ha’ir Community Council, promoting civil society culture in Jerusalem.

Sarvodaya – Sri Lanka

Seeking to liberate the world from poverty, The Sarvodaya Shramadana Movement utilizes a holistic approach, inspired by Buddhist principles. Sarvodaya concentrates its efforts on social mobilization in the community, empowering various populations through peace-building, conflict resolution, and various other community development programs.

Shira Ben Simon

Page 12

FAST - Finding a Solution Together A Three Year Program to Promote Citizens Engagement

in Good Governance and Post-War Reconciliation in Sri Lanka

Shira Ben Simon – Glocal Community Development Studies

Risks Risk Management will be done through

producing risk logs at the beginning of each phase of the project and updating them on monthly basis.

Budget Total Budget: LKR 194,956,440 Funded By - Royal Norwegian Embassy

Beneficiaries While the project will serve all the citizens

of the selected project area, socially and politically marginalized groups will be given priority, with special attention to:

Background From the moment of national independence in 1948, there has been ethnic conflict in Sri Lanka between the Sinhalese majority and the Tamil minority, connected to the over-centralized national government and its exclusionary actions. In 1983 a civil war broke out, with the Sinhalese government fighting against militant groups of politicized Tamil youth (LTTE). The war lasted nearly three decades, ending in 2009 with approximately 100,000 casualties and 300,000 people internally displaced.

Problem Statement The post-colonial governance structure and the many years of conflict resulted in wide gaps between the political and civil spheres in Sri Lanka. Insufficient opportunities in citizens’ engagement has resulted in politicized public service, as well as misuse and mishandling of power in offices. While Sri Lanka now ranks as a ‘middle income’ economy, there are still social and economical disparities, as well as no widely understood idea of human rights, which keeps the citizenry from having their basic rights be met.

Project’s Objective To provide an effective platform for citizens to engage positively with each other and with the Government in order to propagate a new political culture of civic responsibility and advocacy as well as to promote reconciliation in the country to further stabilize the peaceful Sri Lankan democracy.

Scope The project will be implemented in 260 villages in all 25 administrative districts of Sri Lanka (see map below), including five war affected districts in Northern Province and three districts in Eastern Province.

Project Impacts

2013 2012 2011

67,843,230

68,305,230

58,807,980 Cost (Sri Lanka

Rupees)

70%

15%

7.5%

7.5%

Religions of Sri Lanka

Buddhists Hindus Muslims Christians

74%

18%

7%

1%

Ethnic Groups of Sri Lanka

Sinhalese Tamil Moors Other

Increased social cohesion among different ethnic groups and reduced vulnerability, exclusion and discrimination.

Engaged citizens in all levels of governance, which will improve the transparency and accountability of the government.

Established mechanisms which will help all citizens, including minorities and socio-politically marginalized groups to communicate with the local and national governments.

Ethnic minorities

Women

Youth

Female-headed households

Single parent family

Families headed by older people

People with disabilities

People suffering from war trauma

Volatility of the Government’s relationship

with the international community

(i.e. INGO’s)

The project encountering

resistance from local

Government administrations

1- imposing funding

restrictions

2- withholding approvals

3- denying

access to locations

Conclusion Throughout its history, Sarvodaya has been educating communities in different aspects of social, economic, and political life. However, In the current political environment, the space for civic engagement is small, with little government support. In order to guarantee the success and sustainability of the project, the following key assumptions must be realized: Given these conditions, The project’s focus on reconciliation will have a far reaching effect into Sri Lanka’s political and social future. Failing to achieve such reconciliation would have similarly long-lasting repercussions.

About Sarvodaya Sarvodaya is Sri Lanka’s largest people’s organization, which networks over 15,000 villages and has been operational since 1948. The organization’s self-sustaining development activities are aimed towards peacemaking, and community building alongside social, ethical and spiritual growth.

Activities

Advancing reconciliation between ethnic and social groups

Increasing opportunities for involvement in governance at all levels

Reducing barriers to political participation for all groups including minorities.

• Creating Inter-district youth exchange programs

• Conducting interfaith dialogue to share religious values

• Conducting Sinhala-Tamil-English rapid language classes

• Promoting Citizens’ Journalism to share culture

• Encouraging Tamil and Sinhalese Diaspora to invest in reconciliation and development efforts

• Arranging dialogues on ‘citizen’s rights’ with experts

• Creating campaign for public opinion for new policy

• Promoting post-election engagement with elected members

• Holding Citizens’ Jury

• Forming community based organizations in war-affected areas

• Promoting Citizens’ Journalism initiative

• Setting up Resource Centers

• Training and supporting women in politics

• Providing self-employment packages for women

• Training youth leaders in citizen’s rights

• Providing vocational training for school dropouts

• Providing education packages on ‘citizen’s rights’

Political stability

Government’s commitment to

finding acceptable

political solutions for the ethnic

crisis

Legitimate opportunities for non-state actors to participate for better

governance structures and processes at the local and

national level.

Shira obtained her undergraduate degree in Anthropology and Sociology from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem, and her Masters in Glocal Community-Development Studies, also at the Hebrew University. Shira acquired an additional undergraduate degree in Psychology from The Open University.

Shira has recently completed a four-month internship with Tevel Be’Tzedek in Nepal where she worked on a women empowerment program. She led a process of rethinking and redesigning the goals and methods of the program. Together with members of the Nepalese staff, both management and field workers, she was involved in building a working model for TbT’s Women Empowerment Program.

Her professional background has always focused on guidance and teaching: she worked as a Hebrew teacher to students from various backgrounds - immigrants, volunteers, tourists and Israeli citizens, and as a tour guide in Israel.

Shira is currently seeking opportunities to work in development - both in Israel and abroad – eager to make full use of her diverse skills and background which include guiding, education and community empowerment.

Tevel b’Tzedek – Nepal:

An Israel based non-profit organization promoting social and environmental justice, Tevel b’Tzedek’s mission is to create a community of Israeli and Diaspora Jews engaging in the urgent issues of global poverty, marginalization and environmental devastation. Their work with a variety of urban and rural communities is concentrated in the fields of agriculture, women empowerment, youth and education, and health and sanitation.

Shira Levi

Page 14

Tevel b’Tzedek: Women Empowerment Program

Tevel b'Tzedek (TbT) is a community based non-governmental organization (NGO) that works in the area of Kathmandu, Nepal. TbT believes that development should be approached in a holistic manner. TbT works with the entire community in:

The women's empowerment program aims to increase women's opportunities for fuller participation in social, political and economic life through weekly women's group meetings. The women's group meetings: •Give women an opportunity to discuss issues that affect them in a supportive environment. •Help women to develop confidence and to express themselves. •Empower women to work together, so they can promote their rights in a more powerful way. •Increase women’s participation and influence in community decision-making.

Who we are? As Nepali society tends to place dominance with the male population, the organization chooses to focus on empowering women, children and youth. The organization believes that women can play a key role in development as running the household and being main force in agriculture. Therefore, investing in women fundamentally strengthens families and societies.

Women Empowerment Program (WEP)

The Women’s Group

Shira Levi. M.A candidate, Glocal Community Development Studies, Hebrew University, 14/05 2012

raise awareness provide training give material support when appropriate TbT uses a “power within” and “power to” model of empowerment which needs to be addressed in a sequential way. It is a process that develops "power within" women which then gives "power to“ women. •Strengthening women’s awareness of their capabilities and possibilities gives them confidence and power. •Empowered women use this confidence and power to balance the distribution of power and resources in the community.

Goals and Method of WEP

Agriculture Women empowerment

School and education

The Impact Based on interviews conducted with women and staff members, Our empowered women have increased self-confidence, self-assertiveness, motivation, ambition and persistence. That could assist them in ensuring that their needs for welfare and access to resources are recognized and met.

Youth movement

Danny is passionate about finding ways to make difficult lives easier. He is constantly seeking new ways to motivate and organize communities in order to help them solve their problems. The Glocal Program has given Danny a deep first look into the world of global issues and the development organizations working hard to address them.

During the program, Danny interned in the Community Development department of Village Health Works, a local NGO in Burundi. At Village Health Works, Danny is particularly proud of his work organizing the 2nd annual Village Health Works World AIDS Day Tournament, and of his work helping to develop rural non-farm employment opportunities for women.

In the future, Danny hopes to continue working with at-risk communities, helping them to leverage their community assets into manageable, long-lasting prosperity. He is interested in solar electrification, the cooperatives movement, leveraging mobile technology and their impact on economic development.

Village Health Works – Burundi:

Working to eradicate human misery and create a healthy and successful Burundi, VHW provides quality, compassionate health care in a dignified environment. In doing so, VHW also develops with the community the tools they need to build productive and successful lives that include access to high quality healthcare, economic development and education opportunities.

Danny Schwartz

Page 16

Project Overview Village Health Works (VHW) runs a rural hospital in the small Burundian village of Kigutu as well as community development programs in the south and west of Bururi province. • VHW provides dignified, free health care • VHW trains and organizes farmers • VHW does economic capacity building • VHW organizes sports and culture events The Village Health Works World AIDS Day Tournament was first held in 2010. It was a soccer tournament involving the 3 village teams from Kigutu and one team made up of VHW staff. In 2011, the tournament expanded and included not only soccer, but also volleyball. Zone teams from Gitsiro, Gatete, Kigwena, Buruhukiro, Rweza and Binyuro competed for the titles. Meetings with team leaders determined the schedule and tournament guidelines. Things provided by VHW included: • Transportation for away teams • One soft drink and one doughnut per player • Jerseys and shorts for the teams at each game • Stipends for the referees

At the End of the Day • The teams competing in the tournament were made up of the best players in the area

• The games were played at a high level, were passionately competed and exciting to watch. • The level of competition and importance of each game elevated the athletes’ sense of accomplishment and pride in victory and sadness in defeat. • Villages saw their finest athletes perform in high pressure situations and joined them in celebration and sorrow.

• The bigger stage of the 2011 tournament gave the performances of the drummers and dancers a sense of gravitas.

• Their pride was on display. • They were representatives of their village. • They put their whole heart into each performance, so as not to disappoint anyone.

The tournament was a welcome break from normal life. Despite the difficulties of organizing the event and the uncertain nature of its impact of health, the 2nd Annual Tournament was a resounding success, as measured by the smiles, cheers and enthusiasm of the participants and spectators. Future versions of the event will hopefully continue to provide a high level of competition and entertainment for as many people as possible, include a thorough evaluation and continue to help VHW create a brighter future for Burundians.

Tournament Objectives • Provide an organized sports tournament for the community • Create leadership opportunities for young people • Provide health education to the community

At the end of the tournament, these objectives were met, although not to the extent anticipated during the planning stage of the tournament.

Vehicles of Change • Igoma drums, a national obsession, gather villagers, create excitement and are used to draw attention to local issues • Kigutu’s Igoma drummers and girls' choir performed songs during the breaks of all of the tournament’s games. • Performers spread messages about HIV/AIDS prevention and responsible health practices. The performances were well received, but there was no evaluation of the impact of the performances on health knowledge. It is unclear whether the performances were an effective and entertaining educational tools or simply pre-game and half-time entertainment.

2nd Annual Village Health Works World AIDS Day Tournament: Football, Volleyball, Song, Dance and Igoma Drums

The Goals of the Tournament • To create a peer educators/youth leadership network to help spread positive health and lifestyle messages (partially achieved)

• To create a sports infrastructure that can autonomously organize future events (mostly achieved) • To increase the percentage of community members who are knowledgeable about the health issues raised during the

tournament (based on pre-tournament quiz and post-tournament quiz) (result unknown) • To train 4 first aiders per tournament zone (not achieved) • To train 3 referees per tournament zone (not achieved)

The tournament, due to unforeseen delays and personnel changes, was pared down from the original plan and was, in both football and volleyball, a four-team tournament with untrained match officials, no first aiders, no team-led peer education and no ongoing, formal evaluation of the educational aspects of the tournament. Despite these shortcomings, the tournament was widely seen as a success by players, team officials, cultural performers, spectators and local leaders. Furthermore, regardless of the educational impact of the performances, people thoroughly enjoyed them. The boys and girls who made up the drumming and dancing troupes became known as messengers in the area, gained the respect of those who watched and were able to travel outside their village, many for the first time.

Danny Schwartz MA Candidate, Glocal Community-Development Studies

Hebrew University of Jerusalem 31/05/2012

Nehara obtained her undergraduate degree in Literature and Folklore from Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, and her Masters Glocal Community Development Studies from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

Nehara has just completed a four- month internship with Floresta (Plant with Purpose) in Burundi, where she supervised sustainable agriculture and peace-building projects and designed cooperatives.

Prior to joining the Glocal program, Nehara travelled to Africa where she volunteered for an HIV children orphanage in Addis-Ababa, Ethiopia. This experience exposed her for the first time to the field of international development, and it triggered her decision to take an active and responsible role in it - both on the academic and the practical level. She is highly aware of the cultural sensitivity involved in working within inter-cultural environments in diverse societies, and is excellent at analyzing social and cultural atmospheres.

During her studies, Nehara learned about Transitional Justice, including an intensive study tour to Rwanda, where she acquired an understanding of peace-building practices.

Nehara is currently seeking opportunities to use her background and skills to further her career through work in the field of conflict resolution and peace-building in foreign countries.

Plant with purpose – Burundi:

A Christian, environmental organization, Plant with Purpose helps the poor restore productivity to their land to create economic opportunities through environmental restoration, micro-credit and micro-enterprise, and the implementation of sustainable agriculture programs. They also provide training in peace and reconciliation between rival ethnic groups.

Nehara Mor

Page 18

The fieldEvery place in this beautiful country has its own typical kind of crop and we kept a close look on its growth, guiding the workers in the field on how to enrich their land so it can produce an ever increasing yield. By providing this close attention to the peasants, we were able to keep them alert to any problem that may develop during the growth period, and to nurture their commitment to the field. We visited fields of potatoes, tomatoes, bananas, onions, cassava and herbage (but the best kind of field for me was a football field, that we unfortunately didn't linger in)... These crops were used first and foremost for the farmers' own consumption, for food security and rich nutrition. In addition, we encouraged the farmers to enlarge the crops' quantity so they'll have enough to sell in the district's markets and therefore be able to pay for necessities such as health and school expenses. One of the biggest problems farmers frequently encounter is plants' diseases, therefore Floresta assists the farmers to acquire improved seeds that were genetically engineered to be disease resistant. Thus fixing another problem that made the farmers' life very difficult. Another initiative of Floresta are training courses that cover a very large scope of work: management and economic skills for business entrepreneurship; improved agricultural techniques; and conflict resolution. The improved agricultural techniques created a major change in the farmers' life by providing them with tools to treat and fix many problems that prevent the crop's from flourishing.

Many times after the training sessions I had the opportunity to personally speak with the participants about their impression and ask how they anticipate they will use the skills they acquired. Sometimes they said they wouldn't, and that was challenging and very interesting to hear why, in order to consolidate improvements to be implemented in the next training session.

As a fundamental principle of sustainable development, Floresta doesn't provide its beneficiaries with all the products it recommends they use but rather loans them the money to purchase the products. The loan is to be repaid from next season's profit from the yield. I left Floresta with an unmistaken impression that the loans together with the very close follow up Floresta manages, are the key factors of its success.

The strongest and most important reason that made me choose Floresta over all the other organizations I was

offered is their holistic and practical approach that: 'you don't talk peace. You do it'. And the practical interpretation this philosophy received, namely – cooperatives of neighbors. Floresta's beneficiaries are obligatorily composed of varied groups of the society – including historically bitter enemies. This way, the joint work in the field inevitably creates a sense of cooperation and mutual responsibility.

Hopefully, an atmosphere of solidarity, closeness and peace will be formed.

In this picture you see Floresta's workers

and its beneficiaries micro-propagating

infertile banana trees. The reason for

their infertility doesn't matter! The fix:

cut off the tree form its root, peel it from

all its leave until the very root. Then take

all of the bare roots and plant them in a

green house. After about 3 weeks, you will

get about 15 new plantlet, hopefully

fruitful until the very last one... This way,

one need not have a professional knowledge

to be able to fix it on his own!

A major and to me a very important part of my internship was taking part in Floresta's 3-years' evaluation project, which was one of my main interests before I came to Burundi. I wanted to find out: how does an organization examine its on-going and long-term work and the real influence of this work?

How did we do it?Floresta's method comprises 3 analyses: 1) personal – household surveys; 2) institution analysis; and 3) change analysis.In the first we conducted a large-scale household survey, where we visited and questioned 350 residents of the 4 provinces Floresta works in. The interviewee were divided into Floresta members and non-Floresta members. This was designed to give us a picture of Floresta's involvement and influence in the communities

.The interviews brought up some very interesting and important findings, among which are:Most of our interviewees don't have any future savings at all, and the few that did have some savings, the savings were few and very insufficient. That led us to the conclusion that Floresta needed to put more emphasis on its micro finance program.Most of our interviewees have the cheapest floor material in their house, dirt, and most of them didn't own cattle at all – which indicates on a very high level of poverty.We also found out that most of our interviewees eat regularly only twice a day and their most staple food is beans. That made us believe that our food security's efforts are not successful enough and that we need to put more emphasis on expanding the nutrition options as well.However, we also discovered that many of our beneficiaries found the skills we helped them acquire so helpful that they conveyed them to their neighbours.

Problems with the way we conducted the surveys:1. While conducting the survey, we didn't make sure to include the same number of men and women,2. As interviewers, at some cases we weren't “on the same page” (literally), and we interpreted some questions differently from each other and misled our interviewees.

Evaluating change

Burundi in a nut-shell:

* 1962 – Independence from Belgium* 1993-2005 – Civil war* 2010 – Last general election

Current main difficulties of the country:

* Wide spread Poverty•* Climate change which cause areduction in quantity and quality of waterand a severe deterioration of soil fertility.

While working in Floresta and joining its workers' in their daily tasks, I experienced a diverse and broad range of development work, and at the same time got to understand the deep philosophy behind it. Mostly it was an adventure: travelling all over the country and meeting the Burundian peasants. Every morning concealed a surprise for the coming day – where are we going, what are we going to do and with whom...

Between Peace and BananasIn Floresta Burundi, food crops yield peace

and reconciliation

Floresta-Burundi was established in October 2008. It has a team of 14 staff members and a Board of 7 members. Floreata Burundi is affiliated

and supported by the “Plant with Purpose” organization (http://www.plantwithpurpose.org). Plant with Purpose is a USA based

Christian environmental non-profit organization, that transforms lives in rural areas, where poverty is caused by deforestation. For over 25 years they focus on holistic solutions to poverty, by planting trees,

creating economic opportunities through micro-credit and micro-enterprise, implementing sustainable agriculture programs and

encouraging spiritual renewal.http://www.florestaburundi.org

Nehara Mor, MA Glocal Community Development, Hebrew University

Shaked received her undergraduate degree in Environment and Atmospheric Science from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, and her Masters in Glocal Community-Development Studies, also at the Hebrew University.

Shaked recently completed a four-month internship in the Dominican Republic branch of Floresta, where she worked on a project aiming to provide soil conservation and crop improvement skills to the local agricultural community (Green Manure Project).

Shaked has vast practical experience which she acquired while working and volunteering at various local and international NGOs – including SPNI (Society for the Protection of Nature in Israel), the Lotem Foundation, and Green Course, focusing on environmental issues with a specific emphasis on ensuring that communities forge a connection to the environment. She has also been involved in recruiting activists and planning education programs.

Shaked is keenly interested in working in the field of community development with a focus on environmental issues and resource conservation via education and technical support.

Floresta – The Dominican Republic:

Affiliated with ‘Plant with Purpose’, Floresta’s main goal is to meet the environmental, economic, and spiritual needs of the rural communities of the Dominican Republic. The organization provides the community with tools to transform their lives, through a variety of strategies including the formation of community groups, farming and environment training sessions and economic empowerment programs.

Shaked Avizedek

Page 20

INTRODUCTIONTHE COUNTRYLeoncio de los Santos is a farmer living in a

small village called El kilometro 61 at the center

of the Dominican Republic, part of the Caribbean

islands. About 14.6 percent of 10 million people living in

the country are farmers. The Dominican Republic is

a developing country but has one of highest income

inequality ratios. In recent years the

environmental problems increased

dramatically - deforestation, soil

erosion and water shortages –

affecting the farmer communities

greatly.

THE ORGANIZATION Thirteen years ago, Leoncio and his

coleagues, with the help of "Floresta" workers, formed a

farmers association in the village. They set a goal to deal

with the local environmental problems, poverty and loss

of morale values. Floresta, founded in 1984, is dedicated

to economic, agricultural and spiritual development of

rural, typically poor, agricultural communities.

The organization has been accompanying Leoncio

for 5 years, providing him with technical advice and

introducing him to sustainable techniques for cultivating

his land. The focus of the work is to address the following

issues in the lands around Leoncio’s village:

• Massive deforestation >> large amounts of rain >>

massive soil erosion.

• Lack of nutrients (due to stopped use of chemical

fertilizers) >> degradation of soil quality >> decreasing

yields.

THE PROJECT Floresta invited Leoncio to participate in a new project,

which I led during its first 4 months, introducing the use

of Green Manure in the central Dominican Republic.

Green Manure is a secondary crop widely used in Central

America that provides many benefits to small farmers

improving soil quality and the yield of their production.

In addition, the practice of Green Manure provides great

benefits in terms of moisture retention, weed control and

protection from soil erosion (by its dense coverage) - a

severe problem in the village.

PROJECT OBJECTIVEThe project aims to spread the use of Arachis Pinoti as

Green Manure in agricultural communities.

Economic objective• - to improve the livelihoods of

the communities by introducing effective alternatives

to chemical fertilizers.

Environmental objective• - to slow down/reverse

the effects of deforestation and water/soil pollution.

Shaked Avizedek | MA candidate, Glocal Community-Development studies

Hebrew university of Jerusalem | 13/05/2012

METHODSFirst phase - Experimental plotsApplying the Green Manure technique in four

experimental plots in Leoncio's Land.

*The plots will continue to be monitored for 3 years in

order to create quantitative data about the techniques'

results.

Second phase - Workshops Performing Green Manure workshops in various

communities in the region (during the second half of

2011).

RESULTSExperimental plotsPractical knowledge pertaining to the Green Manure

technique was acquired during the first phase of the

project. The main findings till today:

• The Arachis pinoti’s cycle of growth was longer than

initially expected, making it irrelevant for use with

short cycle crops.

• The massive coverage that this crop reaches also

makes it difficult to combine it with short crops, because

of the competition for space/ light.

When asking Leoncio about the results he has seen

so far in his plots, he gave the following answer:

“There are fewer weeds, the soil is more protected, the citrus trees have improved, and there is less erosion in the orchid areas".

WorkshopsThe workshop was conducted in the El Kilometro 61

community as well as in six other villages. 106 people

attended the workshops and learned about the importance

of providing nutrients to the soil in an organic way in

order to improve yields, while causing less damage to the

environment. Participants gained both a theoretical and

a practical knowledge of the Green Manure technique.

Dozens of people have since planted Arachis Pinoti in

small amounts near their homes in order to gain expertise

in growing the plant. Five farmers applied the technique

in their plots.

CONCLUSIONSThe Green Manure technique was received in an

open-minded manner and with great interest by

the communities. However, the adoption of new

cultivating methods is slow and a true transition

often takes many years. The Floresta agronomists

are working hard to shift the farmers from the

learning phase to implementation.

In the coming months Floresta will expand the project

to additional regions, where there is an even higher level

of soil degradation.

In two years, Floresta and Leoncio hope to have proof

of the advantages of planting Arachis Pinoti, showing

more profitable production at lower cost to the farmers.

As Leoncio expressed last month:

“ P e o p l e w h o s e l a n d s a r e p a r t i c u l a r l y v u l n e r a b l e t o r a i n w e r e t h e f i r s t t o recognize the big advantage and begin to implement these techniques in their plots in order to protect their land"

As the quantitative data accumulated will show the

economic benefit of the technique they hope to convince

additional farmers to leverage this method and save the

environment.

Green Manure ProjectFLORESTA

Dominican Republic

The experimental plots after 1 and 3 months

El Kilometro 61 workshop

The seven villages where the project is running today and three villages near the Haitian border

that are part of the next phase of the project

Loma verde workshop

Leoncio

Maya obtained her undergraduate degree in Science from the University of Cape Town, South Africa and her Masters in Glocal Community Development Studies at the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

Maya has recently completed a four-month internship in Israel working with an NGO active in the field of Refugee Advocacy and Support.

Maya has extensive international experience working in the non-profit sector in several countries, including South Africa, Mozambique and now Israel. She has developed skills in project management, fundraising, group facilitation, community development and media.

An excellent team player, highly motivated and outstanding at multi-tasking, Maya is eager to expand upon her career in the field of social and environmental justice. She is proficient in Hebrew and French, in addition to her mother tongue English.

ASSAF – Israel:

ASSAF’s name is composed of the Hebrew acronym for “Organization for Aiding Refugees”, and the Israeli organization provides both emergency and long-term support programs which protect and strengthen the underprivileged and largely misunderstood African refugee community in Israel. ASSAF’s activities include psychosocial support for individuals and families, care for unaccompanied minors, and an advocacy and support centre and refugee community development.

Maya Aberman

Page 22

AD

VO

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A

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PPO

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(ASC

) by

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a A

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an

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o A

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eeke

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rael

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t is

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AF?

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anis

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n fo

r A

sylu

m S

eeke

rs a

nd R

efug

ees

in Is

rael

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ded

in 2

007

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ovid

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uman

itar

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cial

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s

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cilit

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pub

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Wha

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ple

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ith?

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ASC

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ith

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ome

also

to u

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ters

, hav

e co

ffee

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t fri

ends

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pen

thre

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per

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Whi

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RG

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r po

licy

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e st

atus

and

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ees,

de

spit

e be

ing

a si

gnat

ory

to th

e U

N C

onve

ntio

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Ref

ugee

s •T

he v

ast m

ajor

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of re

fuge

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re d

enie

d ac

cess

to th

e pr

oces

s of

form

al re

cogn

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eter

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•UN

HCR

sta

tist

ics

indi

cate

tha

t th

e re

cogn

itio

n ra

te in

oth

er d

evel

oped

cou

ntri

es v

arie

s fr

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50

perc

ent,

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le t

he r

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niti

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te in

Isra

el is

con

side

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y lo

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he ra

te o

f rec

ogni

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in th

e w

orld

for

Erit

rean

asy

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kers

is 8

4 pe

rcen

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r Su

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se a

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64

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and

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e pr

ovid

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“Gro

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rote

ctio

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nd is

sued

wit

h a

2A5

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er17

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ea57

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f app

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•Peo

ple

cont

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e ki

lled,

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en

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d an

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and

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de

stro

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in a

rmed

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flict

in D

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th S

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d hu

man

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re d

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ceiv

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riti

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gov

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are

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d an

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ea

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ned:

opp

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part

ies,

inde

pend

ent

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ivil

soci

ety

orga

niza

tion

s, u

nreg

iste

red

fait

h.

• A

rbit

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arr

ests

, det

enti

ons

and

tort

ure

to s

tifle

op

posi

tion

, hol

ding

tho

usan

ds o

f pol

itic

al

pris

oner

s.

•Com

puls

ory

mili

tary

con

scri

ptio

n w

hich

is

freq

uent

ly e

xten

ded

inde

finit

ely

• “s

hoot

to k

ill”

polic

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ains

t an

yone

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empt

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acr

oss

the

bord

er r

emai

ned

in p

lace

.

Thomas is a native British with a quite international background.

He obtained his undergraduate degree in International Relations and Hispanic Studies from the University of Aberdeen in Scotland, and his Masters in Glocal Community-Development Studies, from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.

Thomas has recently completed a four-month internship with the Peres Center for Peace where he worked on business and economic projects.

Thomas’s academic and professional background has focused on Latin America where he has spent a number of years building his professional knowledge of the region: working as journalist intern in Peru, teaching English in Argentina, report writing on Latin American affairs and managing the outreach program for a Latin American immigrant NGO in London. Following his arrival to Israel in (2010) he has turned his attention to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.

Thomas is currently seeking opportunities to further his career working within economic development and/or conflict resolution projects, ideally linked to his academic and professional experience in Latin America and journalism.

The Peres Center for Peace – Israel:

Promoting peace-building between Israel and its Arab neighbours and in particular between Israelis and Palestinians, the Peres Center conducts a variety of projects fostering socio-economic cooperation and people-to-people interaction in a wide range of fields, such as medicine, sports, agriculture, business, IT, the arts, and more.

Thomas Higinbotham

Page 24

PA

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Re

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tion

Why

Impr

ove

Busi

ness

Rel

atio

ns a

nd E

cono

mic

Coo

pera

tion

betw

een

Isra

el a

nd P

ales

tine?

“T

he tw

o pa

rtie

s vie

w th

e ec

onom

ic d

omai

n as

one

of t

he c

orne

rsto

nes i

n th

eir m

utua

l rel

atio

ns

with

a v

iew

to

enha

nce

thei

r in

tere

st in

the

ach

ieve

men

t of

a ju

st, l

astin

g an

d co

mpr

ehen

sive

peac

e.”

(Pro

toco

l on

Econ

omic

Rela

tions

bet

wee

n th

e Go

vern

men

t of I

srae

l and

the

PLO,

199

4)

Peac

e O

bjec

tives

: A s

igna

l to

both

soc

ietie

s th

at c

oope

ratio

n is

both

pos

sible

and

ben

efic

ial.

Mor

eove

r, im

prov

ed e

cono

mic

rel

atio

ns w

ill h

elp

test

the

sus

tain

abili

ty o

f an

y fu

ture

pea

ce

agre

emen

t.

Nee

d to

Str

engt

hen

the

Pale

stin

ian

Priv

ate

Sect

or: C

urre

nt e

cono

mic

gro

wth

in th

e Pa

lest

inia

n Te

rrito

ries

has

been

relia

nt o

n up

on p

ublic

spe

ndin

g al

ong

with

vas

t inj

ectio

ns o

f for

eign

aid

. As

fore

ign

aid

leve

ls ar

e lik

ely

to d

eclin

e, fu

ture

gro

wth

is d

epen

dent

upo

n re

vita

lisin

g th

e pr

ivat

e se

ctor

; we

belie

ve a

n un

tapp

ed p

oten

tial e

xist

s w

ithin

the

Pal

estin

ian

priv

ate

sect

or w

hich

, if

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cked

, wou

ld h

elp

unde

rpin

suc

h a

tran

sfor

mat

ion

of th

e ec

onom

y.

Depe

nden

cy o

n th

e Is

rael

i Mar

ket:

Whi

le o

ver

the

long

ter

m t

he P

ales

tinia

n ec

onom

y sh

ould

se

ek to

div

ersif

y its

exp

ort m

arke

ts, u

tilisi

ng th

e siz

e an

d pr

oxim

ity o

f the

Isra

eli m

arke

t rem

ains

a

vita

l pill

ar in

the

curr

ent d

evel

opm

ent o

f the

Pal

estin

ian

econ

omy.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

1980 1981 1982 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010

Chro

nolo

gy o

f Isr

aeli-

Pale

stin

ian

Econ

omic

Rel

atio

ns

19

67-1

987:

Six

Day

War

and

Isra

el’s

cont

rol o

f th

e Ga

za S

trip

and

the

Wes

t Ba

nk. F

orce

d ec

onom

ic in

tegr

atio

n be

twee

n th

e tw

o en

titie

s i.e

. fre

e m

ovem

ent

of g

oods

and

labo

ur –

ex

cept

ion

bein

g a

num

ber

of t

ariff

s pl

aced

on

spec

ific

Pale

stin

ian

expo

rts,

mos

t no

tabl

y ag

ricul

tura

l pr

oduc

e. N

ever

thel

ess

the

Pale

stin

ian

econ

omy

bega

n to

out

pace

Isr

ael’s

, le

adin

g to

the

grad

ual i

mpr

ovem

ent o

f th

e st

anda

rd o

f liv

ing

in th

e Pa

lest

inia

n Te

rrito

ries.

19

87-1

993:

Out

brea

k of

the

1st In

tifad

a le

d to

a w

eake

ning

of e

cono

mic

inte

grat

ion

as w

ell a

s a

slum

p in

trad

e.

1994

-200

0: S

igni

ng o

f the

Oslo

Acc

ords

and

ena

ctm

ent o

f the

Pro

toco

l of E

cono

mic

Rel

atio

ns

whi

ch f

orm

alise

d ec

onom

ic i

nteg

ratio

n. H

owev

er a

fai

lure

to

impl

emen

t as

pect

s of

the

Pr

otoc

ol d

ue to

sec

urity

issu

es m

eant

that

eco

nom

ic in

tegr

atio

n co

ntin

ued

to s

tagn

ate

– fo

r in

stan

ce h

inde

red

by re

stric

tive

perm

it sy

stem

s and

freq

uent

bor

der c

losu

res.

20

00-2

005:

Out

brea

k of

the

2nd

Int

ifada

res

ultin

g in

a f

urth

er d

eter

iora

tion

of e

cono

mic

in

tegr

atio

n an

d c

oope

ratio

n.

2005

: R

etur

n to

rela

tive

peac

e an

d st

abili

ty h

as a

see

n a

stea

dy ri

se in

trad

e ba

ck to

pre

-2nd

Intif

ada

leve

ls. P

ales

tinia

n ex

port

leve

ls , h

owev

er, r

emai

n fa

r bel

ow th

eir p

oten

tial.

Valu

e of

Pal

estin

ian

Expo

rts t

o Is

rael

($U

S M

illio

n)

Israeli Partner

•Th

e Pe

res C

ente

r for

Pea

ce

•Fo

unde

d in

199

6 by

the

Pre

siden

t of

Isra

el a

nd N

obel

Pr

ize la

urea

te, S

him

on P

eres

, the

Per

es C

ente

r is

one

of Is

rael

’s le

adin

g no

n-pr

ofit

orga

nisa

tions

pro

mot

ing

peac

e-bu

ildin

g ac

tiviti

es

betw

een

Isra

elis

and

Pale

stin

ians

. •

Activ

ities

ar

e de

signe

d to

fo

ster

so

cio-

econ

omic

co

oper

atio

n an

d pe

ople

-to-p

eopl

e in

tera

ctio

n an

d th

ereb

y em

pow

er th

e po

pula

tions

of t

he re

gion

to b

e ac

tivel

y en

gage

d in

pea

ce-b

uild

ing

in o

rder

to

set

the

foun

datio

ns o

f a re

al, e

ffect

ive

and

dura

ble

peac

e

Palestinain Parnter

•Pa

lTra

de

•Th

e Pa

lest

inia

n Tr

ade

Cent

er (

PalT

rade

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cons

ider

ed

the

Nat

iona

l Tr

ade

Deve

lopm

ent

Org

aniza

tion

of

Pale

stin

e an

d ai

ms

to p

rom

ote

sust

aina

ble

natio

nal

econ

omic

gro

wth

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ith a

mem

bers

hip

of m

ore

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32

0 of

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s le

adin

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sines

ses

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rade

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pts

to

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er

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bran

t pr

ivat

e se

ctor

an

d en

cour

age

Pale

stin

ian

expo

rts.

Donor

•Eu

rope

an U

nion

•

In l

ine

with

the

EU

’s ac

tive

role

in

the

regi

on a

nd i

ts g

oal

of

prom

otin

g M

iddl

e Ea

st P

eace

the

EU

est

ablis

hed

the

“Par

tner

ship

fo

r Pe

ace

Prog

ram

me”

(Pf

P) t

o fu

nd m

ultip

le p

roje

cts

in I

srae

l, Jo

rdan

and

the

Pale

stin

ian

Terr

itorie

s (a

nnua

l bud

get r

angi

ng fr

om

€50,

000

– €5

00,0

00)

•

Fund

s lo

cal a

nd in

tern

atio

nal c

ivil

soci

ety

initi

ativ

es t

hat

prom

ote

peac

e, t

oler

ance

and

non

vio

lenc

e –

ther

eby

cont

ribut

ing

the

rebu

ildin

g of

con

fiden

ce w

ithin

eac

h so

ciet

y an

d be

twee

n so

ciet

ies.

Gi

ven

the

polit

ical

impa

sse

that

cur

rent

ly e

xist

s be

twee

n Is

rael

and

its

ne

ighb

ours

, fin

anci

ng

bott

om-u

p in

itiat

ives

th

at

prom

ote

peac

eful

and

pro

duct

ive

inte

ract

ion

take

s on

adde

d im

port

ance

.

Budg

et •

€584

,628

•

80%

of w

hich

, €4

67,7

02, i

s fu

nded

by

the

EU; r

emai

ning

fu

nds s

houl

d co

me

from

pa

rtne

r or

gani

satio

ns

and

part

icip

ants

.

Dura

tion

•24

Mon

ths

•Ja

nuar

y 20

12

– D

ecem

ber

2014

Loca

tion

•M

ulti

ple

loca

tion

s ac

orss

Isr

ael

and

the

Wes

t ba

nk

Activ

ities

& O

utpu

ts

Spec

ific

Obj

ectiv

es

Ove

rall

Obj

ectiv

e

To co

ntrib

ute

to

Isra

eli-P

ales

tinia

n bu

sine

ss a

nd

econ

omic

rela

tions

w

ith a

n em

phas

is

on in

crea

sing

the

leve

l of P

ales

tinia

n ex

port

s to

Isra

el,

and

max

imiz

ing

the

busi

ness

pot

entia

l fo

r bot

h si

des

ther

eby

gene

ratin

g so

cioe

cono

mic

de

velo

pmen

t w

ithin

and

be

twee

n th

e tw

o so

ciet

ies.

Stre

ngth

ened

Cap

aciti

es

Enha

nced

cap

aciti

es o

f cho

sen

Pale

stin

ian

busin

esse

s in

iden

tifie

d se

ctor

s, th

ereb

y in

crea

sing

thei

r co

mpe

titiv

enes

s to

expo

rt to

the

Isra

eli m

arke

t.

Capa

city

Tra

inin

g Co

urse

#1

Desi

gn a

nd P

rodu

ct D

evel

opm

ent C

ours

e

Pale

stin

ian

com

pani

es w

ith n

ewly

acq

uire

d sk

ills

so a

s to

prod

uce

prod

uct r

ange

s in

line

with

cur

rent

Isra

eli m

arke

t tre

nds.

2Ca

paci

ty T

rain

ing

Cour

se #

Pack

agin

g an

d Lo

gist

ics C

ours

e

Pale

stin

ian

com

pani

es w

ith a

n in

crea

sed

know

ledg

e of

the

pack

agin

g in

dust

ry a

nd lo

gist

ics i

nsid

e Is

rael

, the

reby

incr

easin

g th

eir c

apac

ities

to m

eet I

srae

li pa

ckag

ing

and

logi

stic

stan

dard

s.

Capa

city

Trai

ning

Cou

rse

#3

Mar

ketin

g Co

urse

Pa

lest

inia

n co

mpa

nies

with

a h

eigh

tene

d aw

aren

ess o

f m

arke

ting

tech

niqu

es; a

uni

quel

y de

signe

d m

arke

ting

plan

ba

sed

on th

eir p

rodu

cts;

and

rene

wed

kno

wle

dge

of th

e Is

rael

i m

arke

t.

Impr

oved

Pal

estin

ian-

Isra

eli B

usin

ess R

elat

ions

Im

prov

ed c

ross

-bor

der b

usin

ess

coop

erat

ion

as a

resu

lt of

in

crea

sed

unde

rsta

ndin

g an

d fa

mili

arity

of c

ompl

emen

tary

bu

sines

s sec

tors

, mar

ket n

eeds

an

d ot

her a

gent

s of e

xcha

nge.

M

arke

t Ent

ry A

ctiv

ities

B

2B m

eetin

gs a

nd E

xhib

ition

s/Tr

ade

Show

s An

und

erst

andi

ng a

nd fa

mili

arity

with

the

busin

ess n

eeds

of t

he

"oth

er si

de",

and

acc

ordi

ngly

new

ly fo

rmed

bus

ines

s rel

atio

ns

betw

een

Pale

stin

ian

com

pani

es a

nd Is

rael

i buy

ers.

Incr

ease

d Aw

aren

ess

Incr

ease

d aw

aren

ess

amon

gst t

he Is

rael

i pub

lic

of th

e be

nefit

s and

co

mpe

titiv

e ad

vant

age

of

buyi

ng lo

cally

pro

duce

d,

high

qua

lity

and

cost

ef

ficie

nt P

ales

tinia

n pr

oduc

ts.

Publ

ic R

elat

ions

Cam

paig

n

To

urs t

o th

e Pa

lest

inia

n Te

rrito

ries,

visi

ting

part

icip

atin

g fa

ctor

ies a

nd c

ompa

nies

for j

ourn

alist

s. P

ress

conf

eren

ce

on Is

rael

i-Pal

estin

ian

busin

ess-

econ

omic

coop

erat

ion.

Ar

ticle

s on

part

icip

atin

g fa

ctor

ies a

nd c

ompa

nies

as w

ell a

s ar

ticle

s abo

ut e

cono

mic

refo

rms a

nd o

ppor

tuni

ties i

n th

e Pa

lest

inia

n Te

rrito

ries

N

eeds

As

sess

men

t St

udy

Ac

tivity

: An

in-d

epth

rese

arch

of s

ix

sect

ors i

n th

e Pa

lest

inia

n ec

onom

y th

at h

ave

prev

ious

ly b

een

iden

tifie

d as

ne

edin

g st

reng

then

ing.

Si

mila

r res

earc

h of

resp

ectiv

e se

ctor

s in

Isra

eli m

arke

t.

Out

put:

A co

mpr

ehen

sive

need

s as

sess

men

t stu

dy th

at w

ill

spec

ify w

hich

thre

e se

ctor

s an

d co

mpa

nies

with

in th

ose

sect

ors w

ill m

ost b

enef

it fr

om th

e pr

ojec

t’s a

ctiv

ities

, e.

g. c

urre

nt c

apab

ilitie

s,

read

ines

s for

dev

elop

men

t, w

illin

gnes

s to

part

icip

ate

in

the

proj

ect.

Pr

ovid

es a

n ou

tline

to g

uide

us

thro

ugh

the

dura

tion

of

the

activ

ities

and

as w

ell a

s a

prel

imin

ary

base

line

agai

nst

whi

ch th

e re

st o

f the

pro

ject

w

ill b

e ev

alua

ted.

Con

text

Ass

umpt

ions

•Cur

rent

trad

e tie

s are

und

erde

velo

ped

and

stan

d to

rise

bec

ause

of t

he a

ctiv

ities

and

du

e to

the

unta

pped

pot

entia

l tha

t exi

sts

with

in th

e Pa

lest

inia

n pr

ivat

e se

ctor

. •A

st

able

po

litic

al

and

secu

rity

situa

tion

that

al

low

s fo

r a

secu

re

busin

ess

envi

ronm

ent t

o de

velo

p w

ithin

and

bet

wee

n th

e tw

o so

ciet

ies

will

pre

vail

durin

g an

d af

ter t

he p

rogr

amm

e

Proj

ect A

ssum

ptio

ns

•P

ales

tinia

n co

mpa

nies

are

int

eres

ted

and

able

to

impl

emen

t th

e ne

wly

acq

uire

d sk

ills.

•I

nter

est f

rom

bot

h Is

rael

i and

Pal

estin

ian

busin

esse

s to

max

imize

the

trad

e po

tent

ial

from

new

ly m

ade

cont

acts

. •T

he a

bilit

y to

ove

rcom

e th

e cu

rren

t ps

ycho

logi

cal/p

oliti

cal

barr

iers

tha

t, in

par

t, pr

even

t the

reco

gniti

on/a

ppre

ciat

ion

of th

e Pa

lest

inia

n m

arke

t. •T

he p

oliti

cal a

nd s

ecur

ity s

ituat

ion

mus

t al

low

for

the

hold

ing

of P

ales

tinia

n-Is

rael

i bu

sines

s ac

tiviti

es,

e.g.

fre

e m

ovem

ent

and

acce

ss o

f Pa

lest

inia

ns t

o Is

rael

, th

e se

curin

g of

ent

ry p

erm

its.

•Jou

rnal

ists

and

med

ia s

ourc

es a

re in

tere

sted

in le

arni

ng a

bout

Pal

estin

ian

indu

strie

s an

d pr

oduc

ts,

will

ing

to t

our

in t

he W

est

Bank

and

will

ing

to p

ublis

h m

ater

ial

acco

rdin

gly.

Furn

iture

B2B

mee

ting

held

at t

he P

eres

Pe

ace

Hous

e

B Ev

ents

2an

d B

Build

ing

Wor

ksho

ps

Capa

city

Pr

evio

us

of

Exam

ples

Pale

stin

ian

food

pav

illlio

n at

Isra

food

tr

ade

fair

Tour

of c

onfe

ctio

nary

fact

ory

in th

e Ga

llile

e

Shoe

des

ign

cour

se a

t She

nkar

Co

llege

Key

Attr

ibut

es o

f the

Isra

eli

Mar

ket

Nei

ghbo

urin

g, la

rge,

and

hig

h-va

lue

mar

ket.

Abili

ty to

forg

e pa

rtne

rshi

ps w

ith

Isra

eli c

ompa

nies

in e

xpor

t-or

ient

ed jo

int v

entu

res.

Key

Attr

ibut

es o

f Pal

estin

ian

Expo

rts

So

urce

of l

ocal

ly p

rodu

ced,

hig

h qu

ality

, and

com

petit

ivel

y pr

iced

pr

oduc

ts.

Crea

ted

by: T

hom

as S

. Hig

inbo

tham

- 31

st M

ay, 2

012

•Te

l: 05

0-27

4-00

08

•Em

ail:

Thom

as.h

igin

both

am@

gmai

l.com

MA

Gloc

al C

omm

unity

-Dev

elop

men

t Stu

dies

•Th

e He

brew

Uni

vers

ity o

f Jer

usal

em

•Te

l: 02

-588

-226

7, E

mai

l: gl

ocal

@sa

vion

.huj

i.ac.

il

The

Pere

s Cen

ter f

or P

eace

•13

2 Ke

dem

St.,

Tel A

viv-

Jaffa

, 680

66 Is

rael

•

Tel:

03-5

68-0

680,

Em

ail:

info

@pe

res-

cent

er.o

rg

Page 26

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