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The Great Triumvirate. Clay, Calhoun, & Webster. The Great Triumvirate. Henry Clay. John C Calhoun. Between 1812 and 1850 had more impact on American government than any three politicians in American history . none were ever elected president - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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The Great Triumvirate
Clay, Calhoun, & WebsterClay, Calhoun, & Webster
• Between 1812 and 1850 had more impact on American government than any three politicians in American history.
• none were ever elected president
• they left a lasting legacy on American politics– more presidents of
their day could match.
The Great TriumvirateHenry Clay John C Calhoun
Daniel Webster
Henry Clay• Born 1777 in
Hanover County, Virginia
• Studied law in Richmond
• Joined the Bar in 1797 and moved to Lexington, Kentucky
Clay’s Political Career
• Nov 1806 – March 1807– appointed to U.S Senate
to fill an unexpired term, even though he was not the required age of 30.
• Jan 1810 - March 1811– Filled another unexpired
term in Senate from
• March 1811 – Jan 1814– served as Speaker of the
House
– Commissioner to negotiate treaty to end War of 1812
Clay’s Political Career• March 1815 – March 1825
– served as Speaker of the House
– created the American System and the Missouri Compromise
• 1825 - 1829 – Secretary of State for J.Q.
Adams
• 1831 – 1842 – U.S. Senate– created the compromise tariff
to end the Nullification Crisis
• 1849 – 1852 – U.S. Senate– created the Compromise of
1850
Clay for President• Election of 1824
– Democratic-Republican– places 4th
– but helps decide the election as Speaker of the House
• Election of 1832– Whig – against Jackson– supports the Bank, loses
• Election of 1844– Whig– against James K. Polk,– does not support the
annexation of Texas, loses
“I’d rather be right than president”- Henry Clay
The Great Compromiser
John C. Calhoun
• Born in 1782 in Abbeville, South Carolina
• Graduated from Yale
• Became a lawyer
Calhoun’s Political Career• 1811 – Nov. 1817
– House member
• 1817-1825 – Secretary of War for
James Monroe
• 1825 – 1829 – Vice-President for J.Q.
Adams
• 1829 – 1832 – Vice-President for
Jackson– issues Doctrine of
Nullification, resigns in Dec 1832
Calhoun’s Political Career
• 1832 – 1843 – U.S. Senate from
South Carolina
• 1844 – 1845 – Secretary of State
for Tyler
• 1845 – 1850 – U.S. Senate– Compromise of
1850• argued to support
slavery and the rights of slave holders in the debates over the, dies before the final votes on the parts of the Compromise make it law.
“In looking back, I see nothing to regret and little to correct.”
- John C. Calhoun
Champion of State’ Rights
Daniel Webster• 1782 born in Salisbury,
New Hampshire
• Graduated from Dartmouth College
• Admitted to the Bar in 1805
Webster’s Political Career
• 1813 – 1817 – Represented New Hampshire in
the U.S. House
• 1816– Moved to Boston, Massachusetts
to pursue his legal career
• 1823 – 1827 – Represented Massachusetts in
the U.S. House
• 1827 – 1841 – Represents Mass. in the Senate– spoke against nullification in the
Webster-Hayne Debates
• 1836– Runs for president as a Whig,
loses to Van Buren
• 1841 – 1843 – Secretary of State for W.H.
Harrison then Tyler,– Webster-Ashburton Treaty,
1842, settled the boundary between Maine and Canada
• 1845 – 1850 – Senate– supported the Compromise of
1850 against the wishes of his supporters
• 1850 – 1852 – Secretary of State for Fillmore– Known as one of the best
orators of his day, school children memorized parts of his speeches for generations
Webster’s Political Career
Webster and the Supreme Court
• Argued 171 cases before the U.S. Supreme Court– People packed the
courtroom to hear him when he was arguing a case
• Dartmouth College v. Woodward– made contracts more secure
• McCulloch v. Maryland– defended the Bank of the U.S.
and won
• Gibbons v. Ogden– defended Gibbons and supported
the idea that transportation is part of commerce
Defender of the Union