“The fermion spin structure in the geometry of Abelian

and non-Abelian finite groups"

G.Volkov with collaboration A. Maslikov

Gatchina, Russia, June 30 – July 4, 2014

Hadron Structure and QCD:from Low to High Energies

Gatchina, Russia, June 30 – July 4, 2014

Hadron Structure and QCD:from Low to High Energies

GEOMETRY SM

• The apparatus of $D4$- dimensional quantum field theory, created in the 50's, and successfully applied to the particle physics and cosmology, requires intensive development of geometric ways associated with non-trivial extension of

• D = 3 +1 Minkowski space-time..

EXTRA WORLD IDEAS

• During the last ~15 years we related such a development to the searching for new Riemannian and tensor structures in multidimensional spaces D > 4 based on the theories of new hyper-numbers, new algebras and new symmetries. We refer to the theory of numbers - theory of reflexive numbers and then to theory of the cyclic C^n- complex numbers

MODERN SITUATION IN THEORY

• More than 40 years of development of physics of quarks and leptons in the framework of quantum field theories based on the space-time Lorentz-Poincare D=(3+1)-symmetry and internal gauge symmetries, originating in a huge class of Killing-Cartan-Lie algebras and their infinite-dimensional generalizations of affine-Virasoro algebras and Kac-Moody led science now time to a standstill. Global and local Supersymmetrizing these approaches also failed to advance in our understanding of the myriad mysteries of the microcosm of elementary particles, which have tried to describe in the so-called welfare of the Standard Model and various generalizations in the light of the

• Grand Unified Theories or • Theories of All Things • D-dim Supergravity• MSSM• ……….

NON STANDARD SM

• What we see his originality? Primarily due to the fact considerable experimental data obtained during this period, which clearly indicates that even the notion of geometry of the surrounding space-time needs considerable expansion. So, if a quantum electrodynamic processes occurring in the observed charged matter are well described in the geometry of homogeneous isotropic D = (3 +1) space-time continuum on the symmetry group of the Lorentz-Poincaré-$ ISO (3,1) $, then in weak processes associated with the Structure of vacuum at a distance <10 ^ {-15} cm we observe a violation of spatial P-parity, and then, successively, at even shorter distances, is a violation of the combined CP-parity

EM-Charge, Spin, Сolor, Families, Mass

• And then the question arises, what will happen to simmetriyamit Lorentz group-whether it will be broken or vice-versa, expanded. If physics broken symmetries indicates the existence of some singularities in the structure of space-time continuum, its extension will be connected to the global expansion of our observable space-time, and at the macro description of our visible universe can point to the fact that our universe is immersed in a huge Universe - multidimensional world with their particular spatial and temporal laws and, accordingly, with unusual for us the concepts of space and time. This world would have generated new kinds of matter, which could be called right-matter of the elements that created the Dirac matter our observable universe, with all its fundamental characteristics of mass, EM and color charge, spin.

I. Evolution of the concept of Light and Time

• 1. Absolutism Light and Time in the historic look. • 2. Aristotle about the impossibility of detecting absolute motion.

 3. Revolution in the physics of light-speed measurement of the light signal.      4. From mechanistic era of Galileo - Newton before the opening of Maxwell          Luminous essentially electrical and magnetic phenomena substance.      5.Absolyutizm Light as an axiom about the maximum signal transmission

         visible universe.      Light 6.Elektrodinamicheskaya nature as the basis of creation of the Special Theory         Relativity.        7. Major Commandments D = (3 +1)-dimensional special relativity.        8. Symmetries and fundamental characteristics of D = (3 +1) -             space-time: the time-distance - mass-email. charge.         9. Do = D worlds is (3 +1) - spatiotemporal             continuum of the universe?

• 10. Neutrinos - a guide to the new universe.

II.Electron on space-time geometry

• 1. The atom and the discovery of the electron.            2. Opening quantization.            3. Galilean electron spin in quantum mechanics.           4. Opening anti-peace and triumph of D = (3 +1) space-time              structure of the electron in the relativistic theory.     5. Proton-neutron and electron structure of atoms and nuclei.           6. Three kinds of instability of matter and three kinds of interactions-            electromagnetic, nuclear, weak.     7. First indications of the existence of a new kind of matter-neutrino.   8. Essence of the weak interaction of all constituents of matter-                proton-neutron-electron-neutrino

III.Quarks and leptons in D = (3 +1)-dimensional space-time.

• Matter and radiation, two forms of existence of matter. Role of spin. The quark structure of the proton - neutron and opening colors. On the possible common nature of the electromagnetic properties of quarks and charged       leptons. 4. Stations and electromagnetism as the foundation of SM. 5. Light and color. Properties of the vacuum EM and QCD. 6. Triplicity quark colors and generations. 7. Problem of quark and lepton masses. 8. Features of the weak interaction and its role in the discovery of new            vacuum. 9. Role of quark-lepton generations in the formation of our universe 10. What awaits us beyond the range of the weak sector? 11. Existential base decisions CM.

IV. Microcosm of the expansion of space-time

• 1.Dualizm internal symmetries of the matter fields and external symmetries of space-time. 2. Fields and SM particles on the geometry of space-time. 3.Sverhvysokie energy and the possibility of combining the three types of interaction. 4. On the grand unified theories in D = (3 +1)-dimensional space-time. 5.Istorichesky experience stations and extra large dimensions of space-time.        6. Kaluza-Klein's ideas about the role of small compact dimensions in the structure of the vacuum          electromagnetism and axioms SRT-singularity, foam, chaos.       7.Superstruny and D-branes in D = 10,11,12-dimensional space-time.       8.Ot multidimensional Lorentz spaces to the discovery of topologically non-trivial geometry.

V. Neutrino way to a new universe.

• V. Neutrino way to a new universe.        1. Sterility. There are no known charge properties.       2. Majorana. Spin.       3. Lack of Dirac masses.       4. Singular object in the station.       5.Ternarnaya model neutrinos and neutrino charge.       6. Geometry neutrinos with global extra dimensions and new         matter.       7. Neutrinos the expansion of the special theory of relativity.       8. From Light to absolutism absolutism neutrino luminosity.       9. New vacuum solution CM. Nature of quarks and charged leptons.           Education EM charge and colors.       10. Geometry of Majorana neutrino and stability of the proton / electron.       11.Delim whether an electron?

VI.Experimental ways to explore space-? ?

temporal properties of neutrinos. • 1.Istochniki neutrino production in space and on Earth.

     2.Neytrino from a supernova.      3.Iskusstvennye way the neutrino: reactors and accelerators.     4.Nazemnye Accelerators and processes of creation of neutrino beams.     5.Geografiya underground and underwater neutrino laboratory.     6.Eksperimenty the dynamics of propagation of neutrinos in vacuum and in matter.     7.Neytrinnye experiments on the multidimensional structure of our world.     8.Detektirovanie neutrinos and dark matter.

VII. Neutrinos and geophysical problems of the Earth?

Planets and the solar system.

• 1.ICM structure of the Earth.    2. Cataclysms and catastrophes.    3.Tomografiya Earth.    4. Study energy problems associated with inorganic carbonyl formation mechanism in the Earth's mantle.    5.Perspektivy exploration of the Moon, Mars ... .

VIII. Long-distance neutrino projects in the world.

•

• 1.Development long-distance physics of neutrino beams in the U.S. (FNAL_Bataviya), Europe (CERN), Japan. 2.Vozmozhnye projects in Russia. 3.Vozmozhnost create alternative electromagnetic wave of a new kind of Communications Communications between centers, located on Earth and in Space. 4. Neutrinos and future of mankind

IX. Conclusion. Will we see the light neutrino?

• The fundamental paradox RELATIVITY                                     Extensions of Relativity Theory                                                          third postulate

Our dramatic experience in trying to explain the physicists at CERN and many other international and Russian centers for high energy physics and particle physics, our goal in conducting cycles neutrino experiments to measure the speed of propagation of neutrinos made us realize the central paradox of the theory of relativity? In the long process of dialogue we are finally able to understand the roots of this paradox, which were related to the fact that all our opponents with whom we communicate our ideas and proposed projects and the possibility superlyuminalnoy neutrino velocity, found his misunderstanding of relativity, which was found primarily in a profound misunderstanding of the limits of applicability of the theory itself?

PARADOX OF TO• How could it happen that a significant number of physicists, both

theoreticians and experimentalists, met all of our proposals with complete bewilderment and even anger-backlash and hysterical insults without taking into account such natural argument that any theoretical views have individual chelovecheckogo the boundaries of their reasonableness and, accordingly, the borders of their practical application. In its evolution, mankind has been met with such tragic events, when the brilliant discoveries over time and became taboo absolutised for the next stage in the development of any new ideas and further creative activity and, as a result, for many years to become a stumbling block to further progress . It goes this direction, undoubtedly play a prominent role, and gradually becomes a dogma, as a rule, all long-term and even centuries old traditions of many, many lives prisvaivayuvayutsya one individual from which, over time, make a god, thus completely distorting the history of science. Since the opening of the electrodynamic nature of the world is going for several thousand years, and history remembers many ancient civilizations progress milestones (..., ancient Babylon, ancient Egyptian, ancient Greek, and others) who are already interested in the nature of light and unusual electrical and magnetic properties of matter and its corpuscula structure - atoms.

PARADOX 2

• It is well known Aristotelian philosophical saying that Nature abhors a vacuum! And the great achievements of European civilization which started in the Renaissance, in the understanding of what space and time? That only is opening finite speed of light and its izmerenie at the Paris Observatory in 1676? A 300-x-year historical discoveries in electricity and magnetism, preceding the final work of Faraday and Maxwell, which resulted in the association properties of two kinds of matter-radiation-light and matter with its electrical and magnetic properties?

PARADOX 3• Our ideas and designs were based on the fact that TO (Relativity) in

the form in which it was formulated in the early 20th century, is not complete! Recall that abbreviatura-"Theory Lightroom" - was proposed by Henri Poincare in 190??? year when, after opening Maksvelovskih electrodynamic equations and experimental evidence Hertz electrodynamic nature of light, all attempts to understand the "physical nature" absolutism speed of light, which have been specially made in the late 19th century, ending with "failure." Faktichecki this question hung in the air, since the experimental discovery of the atomic structure of matter, radiating electromagnetic waves, appeared much later and, accordingly, the physical understanding of the beginning of the new phenomena at the time just could not be.

• Michelson-Morley experiment, as all previous numerous experiments to measure the speed of light, for the first time successfully conducted Olaf Roemer back in 1676, regardless of the productions of experiments gave the same value of the speed of light -298792458 km/sek- and it experimentally proven property absolutism light underlie the theory of relativity, the mathematical formulation of which was presented in the form of two principles - a) the principle of relativity (Galileo) and b) the symmetry principle of invariance (covariance) with respect to the Lorentz transformation group. To correct formulation of these principles have to keep in mind a purely mathematical concept of inertial and non-inertial Cartesian coordinate systems and their potential use to describe prakticheki fizichekoy described phenomena. Global and local use of these concepts shared by the very theory of relativity that from its generalizations - general relativity - relativity. OTO

• In fact, the discovery of the group of Lorentz transformations preserve invariance of Maxwell's equations, together connected at the physical laws of symmetry and geometry. TO acknowledged ideas Erlangen program (Klein 1870), ushered in a new era in the development of group-invariant approach in physics, in which the laws are based on the theory of invariants corresponding to the group transformations. If you go further, based on the invariance of Maxwell's equations under the group of Lorentz transformations were greatly expanded our knowledge o Structure of space and time. That is our progress in understanding the electrodynamic nature of light led to the discovery of D = (3 +1) - space-time continuum, described transitive group of Lorentz symmetry SO (3,1), which preserves the metric ds ^ 2 = c ^ 2dt ^ 2-dx_1 ^ 2-dx_2 ^ 2-dx_3 ^ 2!

TO>ETO • But mathematically formulated two principles THAT was clearly not enough for a

deeper understanding of the nature of light and its associated structure of space-time. For completeness, the physical picture in the first thing is not enough introduction to the theory of all material objects, which must operate theory, as well as definitions of their fundamental properties. Introduction matter with specified properties should determine the completeness of the theory. In fact, THAT was formulated only on the basis of progress in the understanding of only one kind of matter-matter radiation. Naturally, for the completeness of the theory required a corresponding progress in studying the properties of the members of another kind of matter-matter involved in the electromagnetic interaction - electron, proton, neutron, nuclei, atoms ... As is well known, all this knowledge in sufficient volume were obtained much later only 30 years am 20th century! (Many of the classics of the era from the late 19th century and early 20th-century pioneers TO already passed away - Poincare in 1912, Lorenz in 1928, ...) This is the opening of the electron spin, a later discovery of new types of matter-antimatter and, of course , neutron-significantly deepened our knowledge of the structure of space-time, which allows describing its Lorentz symmetry group SO (3,1).

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• If the discovery of the electron spin and the nuclei led to the creation of a quantum generalization of the classical mechanics of Galileo-Newton framework of quantum mechanics, it is already fully disclosed the discovery of the positron us all possible spin properties of D = (3 +1)-dimensional space-time continuum in the framework of the Lorentz group that gave in those days every reason to consider such a world as a complete geometric picture of our universe? Of course, the institutional structures of atoms and nuclei raised new fundamental questions about the proton-neutron SU (2) - the difference between the isotopic symmetry and properties of the electron and nucleon relatively strong interaction, which in our discussion of it can be deferred, since we can not link or explain these circumstances under any representations of the Lorentz group and its extensions - the Poincare group. At this point we begin to distinguish between formal properties of material objects to external related to space-time symmetries and internal, which we associate with some internal symmetries.

TO > ETO• Abstracting from the description of internal symmetries and their

corresponding properties of material objects, we come to the concept of the duality of our world. On the one hand, space-time symmetries and admit the existence of two specific types of matter and radiation-veschestva, which describes a number of fundamental parameters of the theory, charge, spin and mass. Conversely, the fundamental properties of material objects propagating in okruzhayuschem us the world can give us a lot of knowledge about the geometry of this world, that is, give us a specific geometric representations of space and time and their symmetries! If the question of the origin of mass (m_e = 9,1 x 10 ^ {-28} g) still requires further investigation, that D = (3 +1)-dimensional space-time continuum within the Lorentz-Poincare symmetry should be described clearly established close laws as kinematichekih and dynamic.

TOETO• By law we refer kinematic maximum speed of signal propagation,

which has only a light or some chasttsa massless, but as a parameter can dinamicheskogo rassmatrivaetsya Planck's constant h = 6, 6x10 ^ {-27} erg s = 4.1 x10 ^ {-15} eV s, which characterizes this D = (3 +1) space-time continuum as a quantum.

Now if we want to consider how a complete theory describing the dynamics and kinematics of the matter in D = (3 +1) space-time continuum, we need to introduce an additional third postulate, giving a clear definition of material objects and their spatial and temporal properties in full compliance with representations of the Lorentz-Poincaré. Third postulate gives us expansion relativity strictly defines the kind of matter which in accordance with the Lorentz-Poincaré group must have the following space-time properties: radiation - a particle with spin 1, and matter-matter is 4-component Dirac fermions with spin 1 / 2.

TO--->ETO• As a result of the extended definition of the theory of relativity said matter in

this space-time continuum has electromagnetic properties and the charge for it is obliged to act in the law about the maximum speed of propagation of the signal, ie this kind of matter can not travel faster than the speed of light. These material objects are all already open still fundamental fields - the nucleons (protons and neutrons), mesons, charged leptons (electrons muons tau leptons) quarks, that is all what we describe as the Dirac fermions. This fermionic matter can be called Dirac. Existence or discovery matter with properties different from those of Dirac, may be subject to other laws as the kinematic and dynamic. So if the neutrinos would Majorana nature (so far this question has as yet been resolved), this condition could be a first indication of the existence of a new kind of matter, nevpisyvayuschegosya in normal em-matter and, therefore, could have a new space and temporal properties different from the similar properties of Dirac fermions nature. It is this circumstance was the idea Ammosova V. Volkov and offer a series of experiments to measure the speed of neutrinos in order to test the possible extension of the Majorana neutrinos faster than light.

TO -->ETO• Their arguments were the issues of education Dirac matter of more

fundamental, so-called, first mother. In this scheme, the 3-neutrino would play a liaison role between the right matter and em-charged Dirac matter, that is our visible world. According to the authors of these ideas such experiments difficulties associated with problems of a more detailed study and understanding of the dynamics of neutrino propagation of waves at different initial conditions of the experiments and a more efficient way for detecting neutrino events. In more detail, in view of widespread scientific literature negative phenomenon plagiarism some ideas remain copyright secrets. Thus, in these experiments there is a big risk to meet with a well-known paradox of Galileo Galilei (known example from the history of the gondola-that is, to measure the velocity of uniform motion of the gondola, while strictly inside it and having no communication with the outside world-shore). The authors planned experiments need to understand how to avoid similar problems.

TO PARADOX SOLVED• Another example of a Dirac-matter could be the dark matter, the opening of

which is currently one of the most important tasks in experimental microcosm physics and astrophysics. But if the neutrino research conducted numerous experiments already known programs, the search for dark matter is mainly carried out without a clear understanding of the spatial and temporal properties of it that much zatrudnyaet possible to detect it! Based on our understanding of the extended theory of relativity, dark matter could have a different meaning back, and so in this way stands a mathematical problem of finding such a space symmetry which allow them to have unusual spin structure different from Dirac. Understanding the role of spin in the expanded theory of relativity can be paramount in solving problems of particle physics as well as in the formation of the visible part of the universe. So in the ternary model neutrinos appears the possibility of opening new spin structures in physics that we associate with specific spinor properties of dark matter. Therefore, a clear opening of dark matter can open us a window into new worlds - outside extensions of relativity theory. Such objects law about the maximum speed of light is not available, and mankind could significantly closer the time, newly emerging

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• By the works of the author, V. Ammosova, D.Baranova, A. Dubrovsky, V. Veligzhanina, A. Zichichi, L. Lipatov, A. Maslikova, A. Sabio Vera, V. Samojlenko, M. Rausch de Traubenberg 1999 - 2014 period.