The ColoniesRemember, some people in England moved to the new American colony. This was a new place. The English king controlled the American colonies.

The Colonies

How many colonies are there?

Where is South Carolina?

These are the 13 colonies.

The ColoniesThe colonies are divided into 3 regions, or areas.

Northern or New England Colonies

(red)

Middle Colonies(orange)

Southern Colonies(green)

The Northern ColoniesAnother name for the Northern Colonies is New England.

There are 4 Northern Colonies. Can you name them?

1. Massachusetts and Maine2. New Hampshire3. Connecticut4. Rhode Island

The Northern ColoniesEconomyHow did the Northern Colonies make money?

1. farming

2. shipbuilding

3. fishing

The Northern Colonies

Farming

New England farms grew different plants. They also raised farm animals, too.

Other people bought the food from the plants and animals.

Some food was shipped back to England. The food was sold in Europe.

The Northern Colonies

Fishing

Most of the Northern colonies were on the sea coast. Fishing became very popular.

What food did people get from the ocean?

different kinds of fish lobster clams crabs

The Northern Colonies

Shipbuilding

Why did colonists need ships?

What were colonial ships made from?

Colonists needed ships to go fishing

and whaling .

Colonists need ships for traveling.

Ships were made from wood and iron.

The Middle Colonies

There are 4 Middle Colonies. Can you name them?

1. New York2. New Jersey3. Pennsylvania4. Delaware

The Middle ColoniesEconomy

How did the Middle Colonies make money?

1. farming

2. iron working

The Middle Colonies

Farming

What crops (plants) did the Middle Colonies grow?

wheat and rye

vegetables

corn

These were the most important crops!

The Middle ColoniesIron Working

What is iron working?• Iron working is making tools and other items with iron.

What things in the colonies were made from iron?

lanterns candle holders cooking utensils pots

tools nails

The Southern Colonies

There are 5 Southern Colonies. Can you name them?

1. Maryland2. Virginia3. North Carolina4. South Carolina5. Georgia

The Southern ColoniesEconomy

How did the Southern Colonies make money?

plantations (large farms)

The Southern ColoniesEconomy

What is a plantation?A plantation is a very large farm. One

kind of crop was grown the plantation.

What kind of crops were grown on southern plantations?

cotton rice

Indigo Tobacco

The Southern Colonies

Economy What were the crops used for?

rice

cotton threadfabric clothes

tobacco

Indigo

The indigo plantis used to make a dark blue dye.

The dye is used to color clothing.

The Southern Colonies

Plantations

Plantations were huge farms. Who worked on the plantation? Who took care of the crops?

slaves

The Southern ColoniesSlaves and Plantations

Slaves were people from Africa. Europeans sailed to Africa, captured many African people, and brought them to America.

Slaves were not free. They had to stay on the plantation. They had to work. Slaves did not earn money. They were punished if they misbehaved, did not work, or ran away.

Plantations and Small Farms• Plantations:

– Huge– Near tidewater, river or stream– Like a small village– Planter’s house was surrounded by horse stables, workshops gardens, fields and workers’ houses.– Grew cash crops– Many slaves– Children were educated by teachers who taught reading, writing,

dancing and music• Boys – spent their free time outdoors, learning to ride horses

and hunt• Girls learned how to sew and sing.

Plantations and Small Farms

• Small Farms– More common than bigplantations– Most located in backcountry away from the tidewater.– Workers were family members. Sometimes they had one or

two slaves or servants.– Grew their own food and sometimes small amounts of a cash

crop like tobacco.– Families lived far from schools. Children learned to read and

write only if parents could teach them.– Boys and girls worked on the farm from an early age. They

learned skills such as plowing, hunting, sewing and cooking.