Thch thc t cam kt v S hu tr tu trong TPP

Th.s inh Hong Thng

Hip nh TPP u tin - P4 vo 06/2005: SHTT c quy nh mt cch c bn Hin ang m phn vo TPP gm 12 nc: Yu

cu mt khung php l v SHTT cao hn. Vng m phn th 19 ti Brunei bt u m phn v SHTT

I.Bi cnh

phn th 19 ti Brunei bt u m phn v SHTTPhm vi rt rng, nh hng trc tip ti nhiu lnh vc kinh t x hiNhng thch thc no m cng ng doanh nghip phi i mt v cc kin ngh cn thit?

2

Bn xut ca Hoa K: thng 2/2011( sa i 9/2011)- Duy tr ch SHTT tng t nh Hoa K- Mc bo h cao v rng hn TRIPS (Hip nh SHTT ca WTO)

Quan trng nht

II.nh gi chung v cc bn xut

Quan trng nhtBn xut ca Chi L:- a ra nguyn tc chung v SHTTBn xut ca New Zealand:- Kh n gin, c bn.

3

III.Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT1.Phm vi iu chnh rng hn

M rng phm tr bo h: m thanh, mi thm, thc vt,ng vt, tn hiu v tinh, cng ngh bo v, lu tr tm thi..

M rng phm tr bo h: m thanh, mi thm, thc vt,ng vt, tn hiu v tinh, cng ngh bo v, lu tr tm thi..

Bo h cho hnh thc mi, phng php s dng mi ca Bo h cho hnh thc mi, phng php s dng mi ca

4

Bo h cho hnh thc mi, phng php s dng mi casn phm c d to ra hiu qu khng mi

Bo h cho hnh thc mi, phng php s dng mi casn phm c d to ra hiu qu khng mi

Bo h cho c phng php phng nga, chn on, cha bnh

Bo h cho c phng php phng nga, chn on, cha bnh

c quyn d liu: cn tr tip cn th nghim lm sng=>HK ang xng thi hn l 12 nm =>cc nc ang phn i kch lit

=>Tim nng gia tng chi ph sn xut kinh doanh

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT2. Thi gian bo h di hn

Thi gian bo h tc quyn di hn 15-20 nm =>cn trpht trin tri thc v pht trin kinh t

Thi gian bo h tc quyn di hn 15-20 nm =>cn trpht trin tri thc v pht trin kinh t

5

pht trin tri thc v pht trin kinh tpht trin tri thc v pht trin kinh t

M rng thi gian chm tr bt hp l: 4 nm k t ngy np n hoc 2 nm k t ngy c yu cu xem xt=>Ch tc quyn tr hon thi im ht c quyn.

M rng thi gian chm tr bt hp l: 4 nm k t ngy np n hoc 2 nm k t ngy c yu cu xem xt=>Ch tc quyn tr hon thi im ht c quyn.

=>Tim nng gia tng chi ph sn xut kinh doanh

III.Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT3. Vic cp php bo h d dng hn

Cp php d hn, phn i kh khn hn. Bn th ba khngc phn i trc khi bng sng ch c cp

Cp php d hn, phn i kh khn hn. Bn th ba khngc phn i trc khi bng sng ch c cp

6

c phn i trc khi bng sng ch c cpc phn i trc khi bng sng ch c cp

Suy on hiu lc: Vn bng bo h phi c coi l c hiulc cho n khi chng minh c iu ngc li, mi khiu nil c lp vi khiu ni khc =>phn i kh khn hn

Suy on hiu lc: Vn bng bo h phi c coi l c hiulc cho n khi chng minh c iu ngc li, mi khiu nil c lp vi khiu ni khc =>phn i kh khn hn

=>Tim nng gia tng chi ph sn xut kinh doanh

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT4.Tnh trng vi phm VN trm trng hn

Nm 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

T l vi phm bn quyn phnmm

85% 85% 85% 83% 81%

Gi tr phn mm khng c $200 $257 $353 $412 $395

Mc vi phm bn quyn phn mm Vit Nam qua cc nm

7

Gi tr phn mm khng cbn quyn (triu la)

$200 $257 $353 $412 $395

Ngun: BSA (2012), 2011 BSA Global Software Piracy Study, Ninth EditionNm 2011 Vit Nam ng th 21 v mc vi phm bn quyn phn mm vi t l vi phm ln ti 81%,

- Hoa K t ra cc tiu chun h khc thc thi mt cch nghim ngt t bin php th tc hnh chnh dn s v hnh s

=>Nguy c kin co, gia tng chi ph ta n, kin tng

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT4.Tnh trng vi phm VN trm trng hn

S th t

Nc Phn trm vi phm bn quyn (%)

Gi tr vi phm (triu

$)

S th t Nc Phn trm vi phm bn quyn (%)

Gi tr vi phm (triu $)

1 Zimbabwe 92% $4 14 Ukraine 84% $647

2 Georgia 91% $52 15 Sri Lanka 84% $86

3 Bangladesh 90% $147 16 Algeria 84% $83

Nhm cc nc vi phm bn quyn phn mm nhiu nht nm 2011

8

3 Bangladesh 90% $147 16 Algeria 84% $83

4 Libya 90% $60 17 Paraguay 83% $73

5 Moldova 90% $45 18 Cameroon 83% $9

6 Yemen 89% $15 19 Nigeria 82% $251

7 Venezuela 88% $668 20 Zambia 82% $3

8 Armenia 88% $26 21 Vietnam 81% $395

9 Belarus 87% $87 22 Ivory Coast 81% $16

10 Azerbaijan 87% $67 23 El Salvador 80% $58

11 Indonesia 86% $1.47 24 Botswana 80% $16

12 Pakistan 86% $278 25 Guatemala 79% $116

13 Iraq 86% $172

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT5. Cc vn khc

V vic lin kt qu trnh xin cp bng sng ch V vn bi thng thit hi khi vi phm V cc bin php ti bin gii V vn ch dn a l

9

V vn ch dn a l

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT5. Cc vn khc

V vic lin kt qu trnh xin cp bng sng ch Vi mi n yu cu cho php mt sn phm thuc (ch yu l thuc generic) tip cn th trng, c quan chc nng phi r sot tt c cc bng sng ch lin quan ang c hiu lc, phi thng bo cho ch s hu cc bng sng ch bit v

10

phi thng bo cho ch s hu cc bng sng ch bit v khi c khu ni phi dng vic cp php lu hnh cho n khi khu ni c gii quyt

=> p ch v gy kh d cho i th cnh tranh

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT5. Cc vn khc

V vn bi thng thit hi khi vi phmHoa K xut ngh s dng tr gi ca sn phm hng ha hoc dch v b vi phm, tnh theo gi bn l xut hoc bt k tr gi hp php no khc m ch s hu quyn yu cu

11

quyn yu cu

=>c th cao hn gi bn l thc t, trao quyn nhiu hn cho ch s hu

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT5. Cc vn khc

V cc bin php ti bin giiC quan hi quan cc bn c php thc hin cc bin php ti bin gii ex-officio v thu gi ti cng i vi bt k hng ha nhp khu, xut khu hay qu cnh, hng ha trong cc khu vc thng mi t do, hng ha b nghi

12

ha trong cc khu vc thng mi t do, hng ha b nghi ng l hng gi hoc c thng hiu gy nhm ln hoc hng ha vi phm bn quyn.

=> Vt qu thm quyn ca hi quan, d hp php ha vic bt gi sai

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT5. Cc vn khc

V vn ch dn a l: - Ch dn a l l mt th mnh ca Vit Nam

- Hoa K yu cu ch coi nh mt nhn hiu thng mi bnh thng =>gim vai tr ca ch dn a l =>li ch ca c cng ng c th b nh hng

13

ng c th b nh hng

- VD Bi Nm Roi, Mm Ph Quc, c ph Bun Ma Thut

-VN c 933 sn phm, dch v gn vi 721 a danh, 800 sn phm ni ting

-Ch c 136 sn phm ch dn a l c ng k (theo danviet.vn)

=>Thng hiu nng sn c nguy c b xm hi, gia tng chi ph sn xut

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT6. nh hng ti ngnh nng nghip, dc phm

Nng nghip- C nc c 500 n v sn xut, 30.000 doanh nghip kinh doanh

phn bn th 60% cc c s, doanh nghip ang sn xut phn bngi, km cht lng (B Cng Thng,2013)

- 300 DN kinh doanh thuc bo v thc vt, 50% th phn thuc v nc ngoi=>tng 50-70% chi ph sn xut nu dng hng ngoi. (theo Hi

14

ngoi=>tng 50-70% chi ph sn xut nu dng hng ngoi. (theo Hi doanh nghip sxkd thuc bo BVTV Vit Nam)

- Phn bn thuc bo v thc vt: 50% gi thnh sn xut laDc phm- Doanh s ca th trng dc phm VN nm 2012 l gn 3 t $

bng mt phn ba n , hn 70% l t nhp khu.- Mc chi tiu v thuc theo u ngi ti Vit Nam c d on c

th tng hn gp i vo nm 2015 (theo namud.net-Cng ng dc s VN)=> SHTT nh hng ln ti ngnh nng nghip, ha dc phm

III. Nhng thch thc t cam kt SHTT7. Thc trng thc thi quyn SHTT

Hai vn c cc DN nc ngoi quan ngi nht v mi trng u t VN: (i) Cha c s bnh ng cho cc doanh nghip (DN) nc ngoi tip cn th trng (ii) C ch thc thi quyn s hu tr tu. (theo EuroCharm)

Nm 2012, lc lng chc nng ca cc ngnh tham gia x l 10.753 v xm phm quyn SHTT, x pht tng s tin l 15 t ng. Vi

15

10.753 v xm phm quyn SHTT, x pht tng s tin l 15 t ng. Vi phm quyn SHTT ph bin nht l v kiu dng cng nghip, nhn hiu, ch dn a l, tn thng mi, sng ch(theo CAND)

T nm 2003 n 2012 c khong 600 n ng k s hu cng nghip c ngun gc t i hc, Vin nghin cu v ch c 91 vn bng bo h c cp, trong ch cn 38 vn bng c hiu lc (thng k ca Cc s hu tr tu)

Mi nm Vit Nam ch c mt sng ch c ng k quyn s hu tr tu trn th gii, xp vo hng cui (theo Hi SHTT, tp HCM)=>chng t SHTT cha c quan tm ng mc

IV.Cc khuyn ngh v pha doanh nghip

1.VN cn mnh m bc b cc xut cha ph hp=>cn ting ni mnh m t pha cc doanh nghip, hip hi (thc t mt s nc c bn xut i khng so vi M vng m phn Brunei)

2.Ch trng bm st cc tiu chun TRIPs ra=>nu chp

16

2.Ch trng bm st cc tiu chun TRIPs ra=>nu chp nhn theo TPP, y cn c th b coi l trn di cho cc m phn song phng hoc a phng v sau

3.Yu cu c u i i vi cc nc ang pht trin=>nhiu kh nng Hoa K s p dng i x c bit v khc bit, nhng vn gy ra tranh ci cho Singapore

4.Chuyn cc quy nh t bt buc sang ty chn

5.Cc vn khc.

IV.Cc khuyn ngh v pha doanh nghip5.Cc vn khc.

V vic lin kt qu trnh xin cp bng sng ch =>bc b

V vn bi thng thit hi khi vi phm=>bi thng da trn c s li nhun b mt hoc ngun li bn vi

17

da trn c s li nhun b mt hoc ngun li bn vi phm thu c

V cc bin php ti bin gii: ch nn p dng i vi cc nhn hiu thng mi

V vn ch dn a l: Phn i coi ch dn a l l nhn hiu thng mi

V.Kt lun

Tm li:

- SHTT d bo s ngt ngho hn cc cam kt trong khun kh WTO rt nhiu

- Vit Nam cha th p ng ngay c cc yu cu ny

- TPP l sn chi ca chnh cc doanh nghip=>nhn mnh vai tr ca

18

- TPP l sn chi ca chnh cc doanh nghip=>nhn mnh vai tr ca cc doanh nghip, ca hip hi

Chng ta cn:

- Mnh m bc b cc xut cha ph hp, ch trng bm st cc tiu chun ca TRIPs

- Yu cu c iu khon tham chiu h tr i vi cc nc ang pht trin.

- V pha doanh nghip: nng cao nhn thc, tun th tt hn cc quy nh v SHTT, chun b tin hi nhp.

Thch thc t cam kt v SHTT trong TPP

Xin cm n!

19

Xin cm n!