1. 1. CLIP GII THIU
2. 2. Bi:1 THNH PHN NGUYN T Chng :1 NGUYN T
3. 3. 2 Bi 1: THNH PHN NGUYN T II 1 2 1. ELECTRON 2. S TM RA HT NHN NGUYN T. 3. CU TO HT NHN NGUYN T. 2. KHI LNG. 1. KCH THC. I. THNH PHN CU TO CA NGUYN T
4. 4. a. . S TM RA ELECTRON KHI LNG V IN TCH CA ELECTRON Thay th bng vn bn ca bn. KHI LNG V IN TCH ELECTRON: me = 9,1094.10-31 kg. qe = -1,602.10-19 C (cu-lng) qe dng lm in tch n v, quy c 1-, k hiu - e0. - Nm 1897, Tm- xn tin hnh th nghim v tm ra tia m cc. - Tia m cc l chm ht vt cht c khi lng, chuyn ng vi vn tc ln v mang in tch m. S TM RA ELECTRON I. THNH PHN CU TO CA NGUYN T. NEXT
5. 5. Cc m Cc dng
6. 6. Cc m Cc dng
7. 7. Cc m Cc dng
8. 8. Cc m Cc dng BACK
9. 9. a. . S TM RA ELECTRON KHI LNG V IN TCH CA ELECTRON Thay th bng vn bn ca bn. KHI LNG V IN TCH ELECTRON: me = 9,1094.10-31 kg. qe = -1,602.10-19 C (cu-lng) qe dng lm in tch n v, quy c 1-, k hiu - e0. - Nm 1897, Tm- xn tin hnh th nghim v tm ra tia m cc. - Tia m cc l chm ht vt cht c khi lng, chuyn ng vi vn tc ln v mang in tch m. S TM RA ELECTRON I. THNH PHN CU TO CA NGUYN T. NEXT
10. 10. 2 S TM RA HT NHN NGUYN T S TM RA HT NHN NGUYN T - Cc electron chuyn ng xung quanh mt ht mang in tch dng, c kch thc rt nh so vi kch thc nguyn t, nm tm nguyn t. l ht nhn nguyn t. - Nguyn t c cu to rng. VIDEO I. THNH PHN CU TO CA NGUYN T. NEXT M PHNG TN
11. 11. TH NGHIM KHM PH RA HT NHN NGUYN T CA R- D- PHO BACK
12. 12. Th nghim bn ph l vng Tm ra ht nhn nguyn t BACK
13. 13. CU TO CA HT NHN NGUYN T a. S TM RA PROTON a. S TM RA PROTON - K hiu: p - mp= 1.6726 x 10-27 kg - in tch:1+ b. S TM RA NTRON - K hiu: n - mn =1.6726 x 10-27 kg - Khng mang in I. THNH PHN CU TO CA NGUYN T. S TM RA NTRON b. CU TO CA HT NHN NGUYN T. c. c. CU TO CA HT NHN NGUYN T - Ht nhn nm tm nguyn t, gm ht proton v ntron. -V nguyn t gm cc electron chuyn ng xung quanh ht nhn. - Khi lng nguyn t tp trung hu ht nhn, khi lng electron khng ng k. - Nguyn t trung ho v in: s proton=s electron
14. 14. B1: THNH PHN NGUYN T KCH THC II. KCH THC V KHI LNG CA NGUYN T. - Hnh dung nguyn t nh mt qu cu, cc electron chuyn ng rt nhanh xung quanh ht nhn th nguyn t c ng knh 10-10m. - Nguyn t nh nht l hidro (bn knh khong 0,053nm) - ng knh ht nhn khong 10-5 nm, rt nh so vi nguyn t. - ng knh ca electron v proton khong 10-8 nm. Ch : 1nm=10-9m, 1 =10-10m
15. 15. B1: THNH PHN NGUYN T KHI LNG II. KCH THC V KHI LNG CA NGUYN T. KHI LNG TUYT I Khi lng tuyt i l khi lng thc ca mt nguyn t, bng tng khi lng ca tt c cc ht trong nguyn t : m = mp + mn + me KHI LNG TNG I Khi lng tng i ca mt nguyn t l khi lng tnh theo n v nguyn t (u) vi quy c : 1u bng 1/12 khi lng ca mt nguyn t ng v cacbon 12. V d : Khi lng nguyn t H l : mH = 1,6738 . 10-27 kg Khi lng nguyn t C l : mC = 19,9265. 10-27 kg 27 19,9265.10 1 12 u = 1,6605 . 10-27 kg
16. 16. BNG 1. KHI LNG V IN TCH CC HT TO NN NGUYN T
17. 17. CNG C