TEST REPORT ON LTE SIGNAL INTERFERENCE IN DIGITAL TV …set.org.br/tecnologia/2014_02_17_LTExTVD_Report_eng.pdfTEST REPORT ON LTE SIGNAL INTERFERENCE IN DIGITAL TV IN THE UHF BAND

MACKENZIE PRESBYTERIAN UNIVERSITY

ENGINEERING SCHOOL

DIGITAL TV RESEARCH LABORATORY

TEST REPORT ON LTE SIGNAL

INTERFERENCE IN DIGITAL TV IN THE

UHF BAND

Requester: SET – Brazilian Society of TV Engineering

NUMBER OF TEST REPORT

DATE OF ISSUE NOVEMBER 4 2013

STANDARDS APPLICABLE

IN ACCORDANCE WITH

REVIEW DATE DETAILS

1.0 NOV 4 2013 VERSION 1

Note:

This report contains 142 pages. This report presents the test results of the particular equipment or

component presented for the evaluation and does not imply compliance of manufactured

equipment.

Master Agreement: NUCOI-LTVD-892/2013 Page: 2

Report:

Project: Date of Issue: NOV 4 2013

TEST REPORT FOR DETERMINATION OF THE PROTECTION RATIO

AND OVERLOAD THRESHOLD OF ISDB-TB DIGITAL TERRESTRIAL TV

RECEIVERS WITH THE INTRODUCTION OF THE MOBILE SERVICE IN

THE 700 MHz RANGE

Produced for

SET

Jardim Botânico Street, 700 – Room 306

22461-000 Rio de Janeiro RJ

Brazil

by

Digital TV Research Laboratory

School of Engineering

Presbyterian Mackenzie University

Consolation Street, 930

01302-907 Sao Paulo SP

Brazil

Tel: +55 11 2114 8671 [email protected] www.mackenzie.br

Tested by: Eng. Eduardo Santos Bueno

Eng. Yuri Pontes Maciel

Date: NOV 4 2013

Prepared by: Eng. Julio Omi

Eng. Renato M. Maroja

Date: NOV 4 2013

Approved and authorized by:

Prof. Dr Gunnar Bedicks Date: NOV 4 2013


Report:


INTRODUCTION

In February 2013, the Ministry of Communications announced the intention to introduce mobile

services in the frequency range of 698 to 806 MHz as a primary service, following a Resolution of

the World Radiocommunication Conference of 2007 (WRC 2007), which raised the mobile services

in the range of 698 to 806 MHz to co-primary with the broadcasting and fixed services in Regions 2

(Americas) and 3 (Asia and Oceania). Later, at the World Radiocommunications Conference of

2012, Region 1 requested the introduction of the WRC 2015 Agenda, an item concerning the use

of the band 694–790 MHz by the mobile services in Region 1, and the conditions of sharing of this

service with the broadcasting service, specifically digital TV.

In Brazil, the mobile services will be introduced in the range of 698 to 806 MHz after the

end of the operation of the analog TV channels in the range of 470 to 698 MHz and the relocation

of existing or planned digital channels in the range of 698 to 806 MHz, transferring them to the

range of 470 to 698 MHz. The goal is to perform the migration of TVs by 2015 and to start the

operation of mobile services, known as LTE, in the same year, 2015.

To ensure the continuity of operation of televisions without prejudice to the broadcasters

in operation or planned to come into operation, SET is conducting studies of reallocation of TV

channels to the lower portion of the UHF band (470 to 698 MHz), channels 14 to 51, and at the

same time, has decided to conduct researches in order to determine the effects of interferences by

LTE’s base station (BS) and user equipment (UE) on households’ digital TV receivers in operation.

In this document, the Digital TV Research Laboratory of Mackenzie Presbyterian

University presents the test procedures, the evaluation of the resulting interferences, and the

determination of the protection ratios and the receivers’ overload thresholds of commercial digital

TV receivers available in the market against LTE, BS, and UE operating in the adjacent frequency

bands.

The tests to determine the protection ratio and the overload threshold of receivers for

terrestrial digital TV standard follow the ITU-R Report BT.2215 – 2 (06/2012) "Measurements of

Protection Ratios and Overload Thresholds for Broadcast TV Receivers", and the document ITU-R

BT-.2247-2 (06/2013) "Field Measurement and Analysis of Compatibility between DTTB and IMT".


Report:


ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS

3GPP 3Rd (Third Generation Partnership Project)

ABNT NBR Brazilian Standard approved by the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards

ACLR Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio

AGC Automatic Gain Control

ANATEL National Telecommunications Agency

ARIB Association of Radio Industries and Businesses

BER Bit Error Rate

BS Base Station (Radio Base Station)

CCDF Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function

CH Channel

C/N Signal to noise ratio

CR Code Rate

D/I Power ratio between the desired signal and undesired signals

DTV Digital Television

DVB Digital Video Broadcasting

ETSI European Telecommunication Standards Institute

E-UTRA Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access

FDD Frequency Division Duplex

GI Guard Interval

ICA Adjacent Channel Interference

IMT International Mobile Telecommunications

ISDB-T Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting – Terrestrial

ITU-R International Telecommunication Union – Radiocommunication Sector

LTE Long Term Evolution

MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output

MPEG Motion Picture Expert Group

OFDM Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing

Oth Overload Threshold

PDCCH Physical Downlink Control Channel

PDSCH Physical Downlink Shared Channel

PR Protection Ratio

PUCCH Physical Uplink Control Channel

PUSCH Physical Uplink Shared Channel

QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation

QEF Quasi-Error-Free


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QMP Quality Measurement Procedure

RB Resource Block

RF Radio Frequency

RMS Root Mean Square

SC-FDMA Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access

SFP Subjective Failure Point

TDD Time Division Duplex

TI Time Interleaving

TOV Threshold of Visibility

UHF Ultra High Frequency

UE User Equipment (User Mobile Terminal)

VHF Very High Frequency


Report:


SUMMARY

1 CHARACTERIZATION OF TV RECEIVERS ...................................................................................... 8

1.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 8

1.2 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................... 8

1.3 SET OF TESTS ................................................................................................................................... 9

1.3.1 EQUIPMENT LIST ............................................................................................................................ 10

1.3.2 TV RECEIVER PERFORMANCE TESTS ......................................................................................... 11

1.3.3 INFORMATION ON TV RECEIVERS ............................................................................................... 11

1.4 TEST CONDITIONS .......................................................................................................................... 11

1.4.1 PARAMETERS OF MODULATION .................................................................................................. 12

1.4.2 IMAGE QUALITY MEASUREMENT METHOD – QUASI-ERROR-FREE ........................................ 12

1.4.3 TEST CHANNEL FREQUENCY ....................................................................................................... 13

1.4.4 TEST ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS .............................................................................................. 13

1.5 TV RECEIVER CHARACTERIZATION TEST PROCEDURES ........................................................ 14

1.5.1 MINIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL AT RECEIVER INPUT IN GAUSSIAN CHANNEL ................................ 14

1.5.2 MAXIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL AT THE INPUT OF THE RECEIVER ................................................... 16

1.5.3 IMMUNITY TO ISDB-TB ADJACENT CHANNELS INTERFERENCE .............................................. 19

1.5.4 IMMUNITY TO ISDB-TB CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE .............................................................. 23

1.6 RESULTS OF TESTS OF CHARACTERIZATION OF TV RECEIVERS .......................................... 26

1.6.1 MINIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL: SENSITIVITY........................................................................................ 26

1.6.2 MAXIMUM SIGNAL LEVEL .............................................................................................................. 29

1.6.3 CO-CHANNEL AND ADJACENT CHANNEL.................................................................................... 32

1.6.4 CONCLUSION .................................................................................................................................. 35

2 DETERMINATION OF LTE INTERFERENCE IN DIGITAL TELEVISION ........................................ 36

2.1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 36

2.2 REFERENCES .................................................................................................................................. 36

2.3 LTE MOBILE SYSTEM ..................................................................................................................... 38

2.3.1 CHANNEL PLAN – CURRENT SITUATION ..................................................................................... 38

2.3.1.1 CONDITIONS OF USE OF THE RANGE PROPOSED IN PUBLIC CONSULTATION NO. 12 ....... 40

2.4 SET OF TESTS ................................................................................................................................. 41

2.4.1 LIST OF EQUIPMENT TO BE USED IN TESTING .......................................................................... 41

2.4.2 ISDB-TB RECEIVER .......................................................................................................................... 41

2.4.3 PARAMETERS TO BE USED IN THE TESTS ................................................................................. 42

2.4.3.1 PARAMETERS OF THE DESIRED SIGNAL .................................................................................... 42

2.4.3.2 PARAMETERS OF THE INTERFERER SIGNAL ............................................................................. 42

2.4.4 MEASUREMENTS IN THE PRESENCE OF TIME-VARIANT INTERFERING SIGNAL .................. 50

2.4.5 REFERENCE POWER LEVEL OF LTE INTERFERER SIGNAL ..................................................... 50

2.4.6 METHODS OF EVALUATING THE POINT OF FAILURE ................................................................ 51

2.4.7 CONDITIONS OF TEST ENVIRONMENT ........................................................................................ 51

2.5 TEST PROCEDURE OF ADJACENT CHANNEL LEAKAGE RATIO (ACLR) .................................. 51


Report:


2.5.1 IMPORTANCE OF MEASURING ..................................................................................................... 51

2.5.2 ACLR MEASUREMENTS ................................................................................................................. 53

2.7.1 ACLR .......................................................................................................................................... 60

2.7.3 UPLINK TOV MEASUREMENT RESULTS ...................................................................................... 89

2.7.4 LTE CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE IN DIGITAL TELEVISION .................................................. 111

2.7.4.1 NECESSITY FOR MEASUREMENTS ............................................................................................ 111

2.7.4.2 RESULTS OF TESTS ..................................................................................................................... 111

2.7.5 ASSESSMENT OF RESULTS ........................................................................................................ 115

2.7.5.1 IMAGE CHANNEL INTERFERENCE ............................................................................................. 115

2.7.5.2 INTERFERENCE DUE TO SPURIOUS LEAKAGE OF THE RECEIVER DOWN-

CONVERTER .................................................................................................................................. 116

2.7.5.3 INTERFERENCE BY LTE CHANNELS CLOSE TO THE TV CHANNELS DUE TO THE

RECEIVER FILTERING SYSTEM .................................................................................................. 116

2.7.5.4 UNSTABLE BEHAVIOR OF THE TV RECEIVER BEFORE A PULSED LTE INTERFERING

SIGNAL ........................................................................................................................................ 117

2.7.5.5 DETERMINATION OF PR AND OTH VALUES FROM TOV MEASUREMENTS .......................... 117

3 INTERFERENCE SCENARIOS ...................................................................................................... 124


Report:


1.1 Introduction

This set of tests aims at establishing a methodology to assess the conformity of the ISDB-TB DTV

receivers available on the market, such as the preliminary stage of a process to determine the

protection ratio (PR) and the overload threshold (Oth) of these receivers in the presence of cellular

mobile communication signals on adjacent channels just above the TV transmission frequency

band.

1.2 References

[1] ABNT NBR 15601:2007.

[2] ABNT NBR 15602-1:2007.

[3] ABNT NBR 15602-2:2007.

[4] ABNT NBR 15602-3:2007.

[5] ABNT NBR 15603 2D1:2009.

[6] ABNT NBR 15603 2D2:2009.

[7] ABNT NBR 15603 2D3:2009.

[8] ABNT NBR 15604:2007Vc2008.

[9] ABNT NBR 15608 2D1:2008.

[10] ARIB STD-B21 Version 4.6, Receiver for Digital Broadcasting.

[11] ARIB STD-B31 Version 1.6, Transmission System for Digital Terrestrial Television

Broadcasting.

[12] Magazine Mackenzie of Engineering and Computing, Year 5, Number 5, São Paulo, 2004;

System of Digital TV – Procedure of Measures.

[13] Unified NorDig's Test Specifications for Integrated Receiver Decoders (IRD); see 1.03 .

[14] Final Report SET/ABERT on Digital Television Systems Tests.

1 CHARACTERIZATION OF TV RECEIVERS


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1.3 Set of Tests

These tests should be conducted under controlled laboratory conditions and within a Faraday cage

so as to avoid additional interferences beside the ones under control. An external photo of the

Faraday cage is shown in Error! Reference source not found. and an internal photo in

Figure 2: Inside view of the Faraday cage.

Figure 1: Outside view of the Faraday cage


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Figure 2: Inside view of the Faraday cage

1.3.1 Equipment List

There is a variety of equipment available for the tests, and it will be adopted since the required

parameters and the accuracy are met. The list of major items of equipment is shown below:

i. Video Source: digital video source Tektronix MTX 100

ii. Modulator: Eiden OFDM modulator – 3501C

iii. Modulator: Rohde & Schwarz SFU broadcast test system

iv. Attenuator: Rohde & Schwarz step attenuator RSP 831.3515.02

v. Combiner: Mini-Circuits power splitter ZSC – 2-4+

vi. Divider: Mini-Circuits power splitter ZSC – 2-4+

vii. Analyzer: Rohde & Schwarz FSV7

Note: See Annex 1 for additional information on the combiner, splitter, and impedance

adapter.


Report:


1.3.2 TV Receiver Performance Tests

The objective of this test is to assess the performance of the receiver when subjected to different

input signals in the antenna input port. The detail of such tests is presented from the Section1.5

onward.

1.3.3 Information on TV Receivers

Table 1: TV Receivers.

Receiver A B C D E F

Type Integrated Integrated Integrated Integrated STB STB

Year of manufacture

2010 2012 2008 2007 2012 2013

Technology Can tuner Silicon tuner

Can tuner Can tuner Silicon tuner

Silicon tuner

“Can tuners” are classic superheterodyne architecture receivers implemented with

discrete components housed in a metal shielded box to minimize radio frequency (RF) signal

interference, external couplings with other modules of the receiver, and spurious radiation. The can

tuners of ISDB-T receivers respect the Intermediate Frequency (IF) of 44 MHz recommended in

the Brazilian Standards [8]. They are typically constructed with fixed and tunable circuits composed

of transistors, inductors, and capacitors and frequency-controlled via varactor diodes.

In “silicon tuners” all the tuning processes (LNA, frequency synthesizers, mixers, and

filters) are implemented in an integrated circuit mounted directly on the main board of the receiver.

The silicon chip can be shielded from external electromagnetic interference by a metal cover.

Silicon tuners are devices with more advanced technology than can tuners and continue to evolve

technologically with regard to both the tuning process itself and the expansion of the integration

level at the systemic level, so that in some implementations they incorporate the demodulator chip

in addition to the tuner.

1.4 Test Conditions

The receivers must meet the Brazilian Digital TV System Standards shown in references of

Section1.2.


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1.4.1 Parameters of Modulation

The default setting used in the tests has the following parameters:

Mode: 3 [8K]

Layers: 1 × layer, 13 segments

Modulation: 64 QAM

Convolutional Encoder Rate (FEC): CR = 3/4

Guard Interval: GI = 1/8;

Time Interleaving: TI = 200 ms.

1.4.2 Image Quality Measurement Method – Quasi-Error-Free

The methods used in the evaluation of the image quality in the tests described here are subjective

and indirect. These methods are described in Ref. [13], Item 2.3.2, page 31, and correspond to the

decoding errors observed (artifacts) on the television screen during a certain time interval.

There are two methods to consider:

a) Method 1 (QMP1 in Ref. [13]): Errors must not be observed during the observation of the

image in a time interval of 15 seconds. The boundary condition occurs when there is no

error in the image in the first 15 seconds. This boundary condition is defined as quasi-

error-free (QEF).

b) Method 2 (QMP2 in Ref. [13]): The same procedure is used as for (a), but with an

observation interval of 60 seconds. The boundary condition is also called QEF.

This subjective method of assessment corresponds to an error rate of 2 × 10-4 after the

Viterbi decoder.

In these measurements the application of the QEF method is performed by varying the

level of interference signal while observing the image of the "dynamic zone plate", presented in

Error! Reference source not found., on the screen of the receivers under test. The dynamic

zone plate is an image pattern composed of multiple circles that move closer toward the center

continuously.

Starting from the normal reception condition, the interference is increased, acting on the

Digital Television (DTV) signal or interferer signal variable attenuator, until the point at which

artifacts or defects on the image are observed. The point where artifacts start to occur in the image

is also called the Threshold of Visibility (TOV).


Report:


The DTV signal level or the level of interference signal (depending on the measurement

that is being performed) is then varied around this condition in steps of 0.1 dB. Then observation

method 1 or 2 above is applied. The process is repeated until it reaches the boundary condition,

when the result is recorded.

In general, method 2 is used. if method 1 is used, the fact shall be mentioned in the body

of the text of the report.

Figure 3: Image pattern for test

1.4.3 Test Channel Frequency

The central frequencies of the digital channels (with positive shift of 1/7 MHz) of very high

frequency (VHF) and ultra high frequency (UHF) bands are listed in Standard ABNT NBR 15604

[8], item 7.2.4, on page 13.

In the tests described in section 1.5, the center channel and channels in the extremes of

the band are preferably used. The tested channels are explicitly cited in each test report.

Due to the main objective, which is the determination of the receivers’ PR against the

introduction of mobile systems in the range of 698 to 806 MHz, the upper extreme channel to be

considered is channel 51.

1.4.4 Test Environment Conditions

"The tests should be conducted under conditions of normal operation at ambient temperature in

the range of 15° C to 45° C and humidity of 45% to 90%, without the impediment of natural

ventilation and with power supply voltages between 0.9 to 1.1 times the nominal value," according

to the Standard ABNT NBR in 15604 [8].


Report:


Note: The tests should be carried out with all the measuring equipment for signal

reception, including the TV receiver under test, inside a Faraday cage, so as to eliminate any

interference from external signals.

1.5 TV Receiver Characterization Test Procedures

The TV receiver characterization tests were performed with six samples of DTV receivers acquired

on the retail market. See Table Table 1.

1.5.1 Minimum Signal Level at Receiver Input in Gaussian Channel

I) Requirements

The receiver must have a satisfactory performance for input signals in the supported frequency

range with minimum signal values equal to or better than those indicated in TableTable 2 of the

specifications.

The receiver has to provide reception in the QEF condition for these measured values.

The minimum level of the input signal was calculated for a noise figure in the receiver of

10 dB and a thermal noise power of –106.4 dBm. These values are given by ABNT NBR

15604:2007, Annex C, Table C.1 (minimum input level).

Note: A value of the minimum signal level at the receiver input of –77 dBm is considered,

as recommended by item 7.2.5, page 16 of ABNT NBR 15604:2007.

Table 2: Minimum Signal Level

Minimum Signal Level at Receiver Input

Profile 1: Gaussian Channel

Channel Receiver

14 -77 dBm

15 -77 dBm

⁞ -77 dBm

50 -77 dBm

51 -77 dBm


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II) Test Set Up – TV

Figure 4: Setup for minimum signal level


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III) Procedure

a. Use the test setup shown in Figure 4;

b. Modulator configuration: mode 3, 1 × layer A = 13 segments, 64 QAM, CR =3/4, GI = 1/8,

I = 2;

c. Adjust the modulator in CH 14 (473.143 MHz);

d. Adjust the attenuator until a signal power of –40 dBm is read on the signal analyzer;

e. Tune the receiver to the desired channel and check that the QEF condition is not reached;

f. Adjust the attenuator, increasing its attenuation until the receiver reaches the QEF limit

condition;

g. Read the value on the signal analyzer, then subtracte 5.7 dB from this value (impedance

matching device loss), and note the result in Error! Reference source not found. below;

h. Repeat the test for the other channels indicated in Error! Reference source not found..


Minimum Signal Level at Receiver Input


Channel Receiver

14

15

⁞

50

51

1.5.2 Maximum Signal Level at the Input of the Receiver

I) Requirement

The receiver must have a satisfactory performance for input signals within the supported

frequencies range with maximum signal values equal to or better than those indicated in Error!

Reference source not found..

The maximum level of the input signal is defined by ABNT NBR 15604:2007, section7.2.5.


Report:


Note: A value of the level of the input signal equal to or greater than –20 dBm is

considered, as recommended by item 7.2.5, page 26 of ABNT NBR 15604:2007.


Maximum Signal Level at Receiver Input (dBm)


Channel Receiver

14 -20

15 -20

⁞ -20

50 -20

51 -20


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II) Test Setup - TV

Figure 5: Setup for maximum signal level


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III) Test Procedure

a) Connect all equipment as shown in item (II) above;

b) Use the default setting: mode 3, 64 QAM, CR = 3/4, ∆/TU = 1/8, TI = 200 ms;

c) Adjust the modulator for channel 14 (473.143 MHz);

d) Acting on the attenuator, adjust the signal to a value below –20 dBm on the signal

analyzer;

e) Tune the receiver to the desired channel and check that the QEF condition is not reached;

f) Acting on the attenuator, decrease its attenuation until the QEF condition is reached;

g) With the signal analyzer, measure the strength of the signal and subtract 5.7 dB from this

value. The result should be noted in Table Table 5;

h) Repeat the test for the other channels listed in Table Table 5

Table 5: Maximum Signal Level

Maximum Signal Level at Receiver Input (dBm)


Channel Receiver

14

15

⁞

50

51

1.5.3 Immunity to ISDB-TB Adjacent Channels Interference

I) Requirement

A receiver tuned to channel-N should allow the interference by a digital ISDB-TB upper (N+1)

adjacent channel and lower (N –1) adjacent channel, up to the values of the protection ratio D/I

(dB) or smaller, in accordance with section7.2.6, “Selectivity – Protection Ratio", Table 5 of the

ABNT 15604:2007 Standard. In this evaluation we consider the protection measures for all

channels of UHF TV between channels 14 and 51. As the ABNT NBR 15604:2007 defines the

protection ratios of DTV against the interference of its own signals for the co-channel and upper

and lower adjacent channels, we adopted the UHF 33 channel as the desired channel, and we


Report:


adopted the same specifications for the lower adjacent channel (N – 1) and upper adjacent

channel (N + 1) as for the channels below 32 and above 34. D is the value in decibel-milliwatts of

the desired signal and I is the value in decibel-milliwatts of the interferer signal. The measurement

of the D/I ratio supported by a receiver is performed using the QEF criterion.

The requirements set in this sectionrefer to the default configuration except by time

interleaving: Mode 3, 64 QAM, CR = 3/4, ∆/TU = 1/8, TI = 0 ms.

Note: The minimum values of the protection ratio presented in Table 5 on page 16 of the

ABNT NBR 15604:2007 Standard are specified for the reference configuration of mode 3, 64 QAM

modulation, guard band 1/8, CR = 3/4, and without "time interleaving".

Table 6: ISDB-TB Adjacent Channel Protection Ratio

Protection Ratio D/I (dB)

Interferer Channel Receiver

N – 19 -26

N – 18 -26

⁞ -26

N – 2 -26

N – 1 -26

N + 1 -29

N + 2 -29

⁞ -29

N + 17 -29

N + 18 -29


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II) Test Setup

Figure 6: ISDB-TB adjacent channel interference test setup


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III) Test Procedure

a) Connect the equipment as shown in item (II) above;

b) The video signal of the interferer channel I and interfered channel D must be the dynamic

"zone plate"; however these signals must be not correlated;

c) All digital channels used in the test (interfering and desired) have a positive frequency

shift of 1/7 MHz;

d) Configure the two ISDB-TB modulators for the specified configuration. Use the default

setting, that is, mode 3, 64 QAM, CR = 3/4, ∆/TU = 1/8;

e) Adjust the modulator of desired channel D for the channel 33 (587.143 MHz);

f) Adjust the modulator of interferer channel I for channel 34 (593.143 MHz – upper adjacent

N + 1);

g) Acting on attenuator 2, the branch of the interferer channel, adjust it to the position of

maximum attenuation;

h) Acting on attenuator 1, the branch of the desired channel, adjust it so that a value of –61

dBm is read on the signal analyzer. The image at the receiver must be perfect.

i) Acting on attenuator 2, decrease its attenuation until the condition of QEF is reached;

j) Acting on attenuator 1, adjust it to the position of maximum attenuation and read the level

of the interfering signal on the signal analyzer. This level is equal to I (dBm);

k) The protection ratio D/I (dB) can be calculated by the expression:

D/I (dB) = –61 – I (dBm)

l) Note that in Table Error! Reference source not found. the value found for the D channel

= 33. Repeat the tests for the other channels specified.

Table 7: ISDB-TB Adjacent Channel Protection Ratio



N – 19

N – 18

⁞

N – 2

N – 1


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N + 1

N + 2

⁞

N + 17

N+18

1.5.4 Immunity to ISDB-TB Co-Channel Interference

I) Requirement

The sensitivity to digital TV signal co-channel interference is defined as the ratio between the

power of the desired digital signal and the power of the interfering signal, D/I (dB), required to

reach the QEF condition in the reception. The receiver must have a protection ratio of +24 dB or

less according to Table 5 of ABNT NBR 15604:2007 (page 16).

The requirements of this sectioncorrespond to the default configuration except with time

interleaving: mode 3, 64 QAM, CR = 3/4, ∆/TU =1/8 with time interleaving, TI = 0 ms.

Table 8: ISDB-TB Co-Channel Interference Protection Ratio


CH 33 +24


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II) Test Setup

Figure 7: ISDB-TB co-channel interference test setup


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III) Test Procedure

a) Connect the equipment as shown in item (II) above;

b) The video signal of the interferer channel I and interfered channel D must be the dynamic

"zone plate"; however these signals must be not correlated;

c) All digital channels used in the test (interfering and desired) have a positive frequency

shift of 1/7 MHz;

d) Configure the two ISDB-TB modulators for the specified configuration. Use the default

setting, that is, mode 3, 64 QAM, CR = 3/4, ∆/TU = 1/8; and "time interleaving" equal to 0

(zero);

e) Adjust the modulator of the desired channel D to the frequency of channel 33 (587.143

MHz);

f) Adjust the modulator of the interferer channel I to the frequency of channel 33 (587.143

MHz);

g) Acting on attenuator 2, adjust it to the position of maximum attenuation;

h) Acting on attenuator 1 (desired signal), adjust its attenuation until the analyzer signal

indicates a level of –36 dBm.

i) Acting on attenuator 2 (interferer signal), decrease its attenuation until the receiver

reaches the QEF condition;

j) Acting on attenuator 1, adjust it to the position of maximum attenuation and read the

interferer signal level I (dBm) on the signal analyzer;

k) Determine the protection ratio D/I (dB) using the equation below:

D/I (dB) = –36 (dBm) – I (dBm)

l) Record the result in Table 9.

Table 9: ISDB-TB Co-Channel Interference Protection Ratio


Channel Receiver

33


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1.6 Results of Tests of Characterization of TV Receivers

This section presents the results of the laboratory tests in relation to the performance

characterization of the receivers, as presented in Section 1.5.

The results are divided into minimum and maximum signal levels and co-channel and

adjacent channel interferences and are presented in tables and graphs.

1.6.1 Minimum Signal Level: Sensitivity

The results are presented in Table 10 and plotted in Figure 8.

I) Table of Results


Minimum Signal Level at Receiver Input (dBm)

Profile 1 : Gaussian Channel

Channel A B C D E F

14 -80.9 -83.8 -81.5 -83.1 -86.2 -83.5

15 -80.9 -83.8 -81.9 -83.4 -86.0 -83.3

16 -80.9 -83.3 -81.9 -83.0 -85.4 -83.7

17 -80.8 -83.1 -81.5 -83.0 -84.4 -83.8

18 -80.4 -83.1 -81.3 -82.8 -83.9 -83.1

19 -80.9 -82.9 -81.6 -83.0 -84.2 -84.2

20 -80.9 -82.9 -81.4 -82.8 -84.6 -84.0

21 -81.0 -82.2 -81.6 -83.3 -84.7 -83.8

22 -80.9 -82.6 -81.9 -83.1 -84.9 -83.7

23 -80.6 -82.3 -81.8 -83.1 -84.9 -83.8

24 -79.7 -82.1 -81.4 -83.1 -84.7 -83.6

25 -79.7 -82.4 -81.6 -83.2 -85.0 -83.6

26 -81.0 -81.9 -81.5 -83.7 -85.2 -83.6

27 -81.0 -82.0 -81.8 -83.3 -85.2 -83.9

28 -80.9 -82.2 -81.5 -83.3 -85.2 -84.1

29 -80.7 -81.6 -81.9 -83.1 -85.1 -83.7

30 -80.7 -82.7 -81.2 -83.4 -85.1 -84.1

31 -79.8 -82.5 -82.1 -83.1 -85.1 -82.5

32 -80.8 -82.9 -81.5 -83.4 -85.2 -84.2

33 -80.7 -83.2 -80.8 -83.4 -85.1 -83.8

34 -80.7 -83.2 -81.8 -83.2 -85.0 -83.6

35 -80.0 -83.6 -81.4 -82.7 -85.0 -83.5


Report:


Minimum Signal Level at Receiver Input (dBm)

Profile 1 : Gaussian Channel

Channel A B C D E F

36 -80.5 -83.8 -81.6 -83.4 -85.1 -81.6

37 - - - - - -

38 -79.7 -84.0 -81.6 -83.3 -85.0 -83.6

39 -80.7 -83.8 -81.6 -83.0 -85.0 -83.8

40 -80.7 -83.7 -80.6 -83.3 -85.1 -83.9

41 -80.7 -83.6 -81.4 -83.3 -85.0 -83.5

42 -80.8 -83.4 -81.3 -83.4 -85.0 -82.5

43 -80.5 -83.7 -81.4 -83.2 -85.0 -83.9

44 -80.7 -83.1 -81.3 -83.0 -85.0 -83.7

45 -81.0 -83.1 -81.1 -83.2 -85.0 -83.8

46 -80.6 -82.6 -81.4 -83.0 -85.1 -83.5

47 -80.7 -82.7 -81.4 -83.3 -84.9 -83.5

48 -80.5 -82.2 -81.0 -82.7 -85.0 -82.6

49 -80.4 -82.2 -81.2 -83.0 -85.1 -83.3

50 -80.6 -82.1 -81.5 -82.8 -84.9 -83.5

51 -80.5 -81.7 -81.2 -83.1 -85.0 -83.7 I) Compliance

Description Yes No

The receiver is IN ACCORDANCE with the test item 1.5.1 X


Report:


II) Results Graph

Figure 8: Minimum signal level.


Report:


1.6.2 Maximum Signal Level

The results are shown in Error! Reference source not found. and plotted in Figure 9.

I) Results Table

Table 11: Maximum Signal Level

Maximum Signal Level at Receiver Input (dBm)1


Channel A B C D E F

14 -6,5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

15 -6.7 >1.3 0.9 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

16 -7.0 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

17 -7.2 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

18 -7.2 >1.3 0.8 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

19 -7.3 >1.3 0.9 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

20 -7.4 >1.3 0.6 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

21 -7.3 >1.3 0.8 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

22 -7.5 >1.3 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

23 -7.5 >1.3 0.8 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

24 -7.8 >1.3 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

25 -7.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

26 -7.5 >1.3 0.6 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

27 -7.4 >1.3 0.4 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

28 -7.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

29 -7.1 >1.3 0.4 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

30 -7.2 0.6 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

31 -7.0 >1.3 0.2 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

32 -6.8 >1.3 0.2 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

33 -6.8 >1.3 0.6 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

34 -6.8 >1.3 0.6 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

35 -6.7 >1.3 0.1 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

36 -6.8 >1.3 0.7 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

1 Note: The cells with values >1.3 in Error! Reference source not found. indicate that the

receiver did not achieve the TOV condition because the maximum level of output permitted by the

test setup was reached. For the TV signal the maximum power was 1.3 dBm.


Report:


Maximum Signal Level at Receiver Input (dBm)1


Channel A B C D E F

37 - - - - - -

38 -6.7 >1.3 0.7 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

39 -6.8 >1.3 0.1 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

40 -6.8 >1.3 0.6 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

41 -7.0 >1.3 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

42 -7.1 >1.3 0.7 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

43 -7.0 >1.3 0.8 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

44 -7.3 >1.3 0.4 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

45 -7.2 >1.3 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

46 -7.3 >1.3 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

47 -7.4 >1.3 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

48 -7.4 >1.3 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

49 -7.4 >1.3 0.4 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

50 -7.5 >1.3 0.1 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

51 -7.6 >1.3 0.5 >1.3 >1.3 >1.3

II) Compliance

III)

Description Yes No



Report:


IV) Graph of Results

Figure 9: Maximum signal level


Report:


1.6.3 Co-Channel and Adjacent Channel

The results are shown in Table 12 and plotted in Figure 10.

I) Table of Results

Table 12: ISDB-TB Co-channel and adjacent channel protection ratio.


Channel A B C D E F

Interferer

N – 19 -52.6 -52.0 -54.8 -51.8 -53.2 -56.0

+N – 18 -52.5 -52.2 -53.9 -52.0 -53.1 -55.6

N – 17 -52.3 -52.7 -54.0 -52.0 -52.9 -55.3

N – 16 -51.8 -52.4 -52.9 -51.8 -52.4 -55.4

N – 15 -51.3 -52.2 -53.8 -51.6 -52.4 -55.1

N – 14 -51.3 -51.9 -53.6 -51.7 -52.0 -55.1

N – 13 -50.3 -51.8 -53.3 -51.5 -52.1 -55.0

N – 12 -49.6 -51.7 -53.9 -51.3 -53.2 -55.1

N – 11 -49.5 -51.5 -53.4 -51.1 -53.1 -54.8

N – 10 -46.7 -50.3 -50.0 -49.5 -50.8 -52.3

N – 9 -45.5 -49.3 -49.9 -48.7 -50.4 -51.4

N – 8 -44.1 -49.2 -48.4 -48.1 -50.4 -51.3

N – 7 -43.1 -49.0 -50.4 -47.6 -50.2 -51.3

N – 6 -46.6 -48.9 -50.1 -45.3 -50.3 -51.6

N – 5 -44.1 -48.8 -50.3 -45.3 -50.3 -51.8

N – 4 -43.0 -48.0 -50.2 -43.0 -50.4 -52.2

N – 3 -44.3 -47.7 -49.2 -50.4 -49.5 -52.4

N – 2 -40.9 47.1 -45.9 -49.8 -48.1 -52.0

N – 1 -35.7 -42.3 -40.6 -40.8 -44.7 -48.8

N 18.29 17.7 17.7 18.2 16.9 17.7


Report:



Channel A B C D E F

Interferer

N + 1 -37.3 -38.4 -40.7 -37.3 -35.7 -46.9

N + 2 -43.8 -46.8 -47.6 -46.1 -43.9 -50.5

N + 3 -46.5 -47.7 -50.9 -43.4 -48.0 -50.8

N + 4 -36.2 -48.0 -49.8 -45.7 -49.1 -50.8

N + 5 -37.2 -48.0 -50.0 -47.2 -49.4 -50.5

N + 6 -44.9 -48.0 -49.7 -49.0 -49.5 -50.3

N + 7 -34.2 -47.7 -48.9 -46.9 -49.2 -49.9

N + 8 -47.7 -47.8 -49.1 -48.7 -49.3 -49.5

N + 9 -47.7 -47.8 -48.7 -48.5 -49.1 -49.3

N + 10 -48.4 -48.3 -49.5 -49.5 -49.9 -50.8

N + 11 -51.2 -50.2 -52.1 -52.0 -52.0 -53.5

N + 12 -51.5 -50.3 -52.3 -52.1 -52.4 -53.6

N + 13 -51.5 -50.2 -51.5 -52.2 -52.5 -53.2

N + 14 -40.8 -50.4 -47.6 -45.9 -51.9 -52.8

N + 15 -40.7 -50.5 -46.9 -43.4 -52.5 -53.4

N + 16 -51.3 -50.6 -52.2 -40.0 -52.3 -53.6

N + 17 -51.4 -50.7 -52.2 -52.0 -51.8 -53.7

N + 18 -51.5 -50.2 -51.8 -52.3 -52.3 -53.8

II) Compliance

Description Yes No



Report:


III) Graph of Results

Figure 10: ISDB-TB interferer channels protection ratios


Report:


1.6.4 Conclusion

It is recommended that the receivers should be in conformity with ABNT NBR 15604. As the

results presented regarding characterization are in accordance with the Standard, the receivers

can be tested against the interference of LTE signals.


Report:


2.1 Introduction

The determination of the Protection Ratio (PR) and Overload Threshold (Oth) of ISDB-TB receivers

in the presence of LTE mobile systems’ adjacent channel interferences will be carried out by

means of laboratory tests using ISDB-TB sample receivers purchased on the market; the sample

receivers’ performance should be checked to make sure that they meet the requirements of

existing ABNT Standards.

The interference signals of LTE mobile systems are generated by vector signal

generators, whose performance is recognized by the mobile telephony market, in varied conditions

specified throughout the development of this document. However, for accuracy of results, the

signal at the output of the generators will be tested to make sure that they comply with the

specifications of spectral emission determined by ITU-R Recommendations and by ETSI

Standards generated by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). See section 2.4.7.

With the PR and Oth levels of ISDB-TB receivers determined in the laboratory, we can

move on to check the effect of the interference caused by the equipment of cellular mobile

systems, specifically the LTE systems, on the different modalities of systems of terrestrial DTV

reception operating in the UHF band.

The LTE mobile systems considered in the tests will be those that incorporate the

technologies specified by 3GPP Release 9 to 11, with the exception of MIMO technology, which

will not be covered in these tests. See Section 3.

2.2 References

[1] Recommendation ITU-R M. 2012 – Detailed specifications of the terrestrial radio

interfaces of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT-Advanced).

[2] Recommendation ITUR M. 1036 – Frequency arrangements for implementation of the

terrestrial component of International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT) in the bands

identified for IMT in the Radio Regulations (RR).

[3] Recommendation ITU-R BT.2033 – Planning criteria, including protection ratios, for

second generation of digital terrestrial television broadcasting systems in the VHF/UHF

bands.

[4] Report ITUR M. 2074 – Radio aspects for the terrestrial component of IMT2000 and

systems beyond IMT-2000.

2 DETERMINATION OF LTE INTERFERENCE IN DIGITAL TELEVISION


Report:


[5] Report ITU-R BT.2215 -2 – Measurements of protection ratios and overload thresholds for

broadcast TV receivers.

[6] Document ITU-R 6A/ 235-E – Proposed modifications to report ITU-R BTY.2247 -1 –

"Study on interference between ISDB-T and IMT in the 700 MHz band".

[7] ETSI TS 125,101 V11.4.0 (2013-02) – User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and

reception (FDD) (3GPP TS 25,101, version 11.4.0, update release 11).

[8] ETSI TS.125.104 V11.4.0 (2013-02) – Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception

(FDD) (3GPP TS 25,104, version 11.4.0, update release 11).

[9] ETSI TS 136,101 V11.3.0 (2013-02) – Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-

UTRA) – User Equipment (UE) radio transmission and reception (3GPP TS 36,101,

version 11.3.0, release 11).

[10] ETSI TS.136.104 V11.3.1 (2013-02) – Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access (E-

UTRA) – Base Station (BS) radio transmission and reception (3GPP TS 36,104, version

11.3.1, release 11).

[11] ERA Technology Report 2010 – 0026 (Issue 2) – LTE Interference into Domestic Digital

Television Systems.

[12] ECC REPORT 148 – Measurements on the Performance of DVB-T receivers in the

presence of interference from the mobile service (especially from LTE) – Marseille, June

2010.

[13] ABNT NBR 15604:2007Vc2008.

[14] ABNT NBR 15608 2D1:2008.

[15] ABNT NBR 15602-1:2007.

[16] ABNT NBR 15602-2:2007.

[17] ABNT NBR 15602-3:2007.

[18] ABNT NBR 15603 2D1:2009.

[19] ABNT NBR 15603 2D2:2009.

[20] ABNT NBR 15603 2D3:2009.

[21] ABNT NBR 15604:2007Vc2008.

[22] ABNT NBR 15608 2D1:2008.


Report:


2.3 LTE Mobile System

2.3.1 Channel Plan – Current Situation

Anatel issued Public Consultation No. 12, "Proposal for the Regulatory Council on the Conditions

of Use of Radio frequencies, in the Range of 698 MHz to 806 MHz", on February 27, 2013. The

arrangement of frequencies2 for mobile systems to be implemented in this band of 700 MHz,

proposed by the Ministry of Communications and Anatel, is the one defined in options A5 and A6

of Table 3 of Recommendation ITU-R M 1036-4, according to Tables I and II of the Annex to the

Public Consultation, reproduced below.

ANNEX TO PUBLIC CONSULTATION No. 12

Table I: Radiofrequency Sub-Band Blocks.

Block No.

Transmission from the Mobile Station/Terminal (MHz)

Transmission from the Base/Nodal/Repeater Station

(MHz)

1 703 to 708 758 to 763

2 708 to 713 763 to 768

3 713 to 718 768 to 773

4 718 to 723 773 to 778

5 723 to 728 778 to 783

6 728 to 733 783 to 788

7 733 to 738 788 to 793

8 738 to 743 793 to 798

9 743 to 748 798 to 803

2 On November 11, 2013, Anatel published Resolution 625/2013 approving the "Assignment, Destination and Regulation on Conditions of Radiofrequencies Use in the Range of 698 MHz to 806 MHz". As this work began before the publication of Resolution 625/2013, in this section we report the content of public Consultation No. 12, on which we base all tests. However, the contents of the Public Consultation and Resolution 625/2013 are such that the entire work, as well as the results, is still valid. Differences of bandwidths of the LTE channel can be adapted to each specific condition of bandwidth, since the effect of interference is based on the spectral density of the signal interferer, allowing the correction of the results for different channel bandwidths and total power of the LTE interferer signal.


Report:


Block No.

Transmission from the Mobile Station/Terminal (MHz)

Transmission from the Base/Nodal/Repeater Station

(MHz)

Table II: Blocks of the Sub-Bands that can be Operated in Different Conditions

Block No. Channelization (MHz)

10 698 to 703

11 748 to 758

12 803 to 806

Figure 11 and Figure 12 provide an overview of the proposed situation in the frequency

range 698 to 806 MHz.

Figure 11: LTE FDD channel arrangement

Figure 12: LTE TDD channel arrangement

Considering the channel proposal of Public Consultation and Recommendation ITU-R M

1036-4, in blocks 10, 11, and 12 only Time Division Duplex (TDD) systems can be operated; there

is no definition of paired blocks for operating Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) systems.

On the other hand, Table 5.5-1 “E-UTRA Operating Bands” of Standard ETSI TS 136 101

V11.3.0 (2013-02) [7] states that the bands 28 (FDD) and 44 (TDD), which correspond to the

frequency bands chosen by Brazil, should operate from 703 to 803 MHz. The same table is


Report:


presented in the Standard ETSI TS 136 104 V11.3.1 (2013-02) [8]. This means that there will be

no radio base station or user equipment available to operate on blocks 10 and 12.

2.3.1.1 Conditions of Use of the Range Proposed in Public Consultation No. 12

a) The frequency blocks contained in Table I of the Public Consultation No. 12 may be used

in aggregate form.

b) The same supplier or its controlled or controlling affiliated company in the same area of

service provision will be allowed to operate in the frequency sub-bands of the Annex of

the Public Consultation No. 12 up to a total maximum of 20 MHz in each direction of

transmission. The quantity of blocks of 5 MHz to be granted per carrier will be defined in

the bidding to be performed.

c) The output power of one transmitter in the station should be the minimum required to

achieve the service with good quality and adequate reliability, and it should be less than:

i. 46 dBm, measured at the output of the transmitter, and 60 dBm of e.r.p. power for

base, nodal, or repeater stations; and

ii. 40 dBm, measured at the output of the transmitter, and 45 dBm of e.r.p. power for

mobile stations, vehicles, and terminals.

d) In accordance with the blocks determined in Table I of Annex A, undesirable emissions for

systems employing digital modulation should be attenuated by at least 25 dB in relation to

the level of the block’s average power, decreasing linearly until:

i. 40 dB is reached at 250 kHz of the block’s ends; and

ii. 60 dB is reached at 3 MHz of the block’s ends.

iii. Any other frequency emissions must be attenuated by at least 60 dB.

iv. The maximum spurious emission level in the bands 54–118 and 174–230 MHz and

v. 470–698 MHz should be, at most, –47 dBm, measured at a resolution of 100 kHz.

vi. The spurious signals emissions outside the transmission range, when the

transmitter is idle, must be less than –47 dBm at any frequency within the limits of

100 kHz and 12.75 GHz, measured with a resolution of 100 kHz.

Considering the channel arrangement of the Public Consultation No. 12 of February 27,

2013, dividing the band of 703 to 803 MHz into several blocks of 5 MHz, and considering that the

details of the blocks submitted to auction will be determined in the Tender Document, that one

service provider should be granted no more than 20 MHz of bandwidth, that the service providers


Report:


should transmit LTE signals with at least 5 MHz of bandwidth, and that one possible configuration

would be three providers sharing the entire range of 45 MHz × 2, each with a bandwidth of 15 MHz

× 2, it was decided that the LTE interfering signals used in tests with the DTV receivers shall

consider only FDD system signals, due to the uncertainty of the use of TDD systems by means of

Public Consultation No. 12.

2.4 Set of Tests

These tests should be conducted under controlled laboratory conditions and within a Faraday cage

so as to avoid interference from other sources besides the planned sources.

The objective of this test is to evaluate the performance of the receiver when subjected to

LTE interference signals in the input of the receiving antenna. The detail of such tests is presented

in section 2.4.7.

2.4.1 List of Equipment to be Used in Testing

There is a variety of equipment available for the tests, which will be adopted provided that it meets

the parameters and the accuracy required. The list of major equipment is shown below:

i. Video source: Tektronix digital video source MTX 100;

ii. Vector signal generator: Rohde & Schwarz SMU200A;

iii. Modulator: Eiden OFDM modulator 3501C;

iv. Step attenuator: Rohde & Schwarz RSP 831.3515.02 ;

v. Filter: Microwave Filter Co., Inc. full band pass filter;

vi. Amplifier: Itelco RF amplifier;

vii. Combiner: Mini-Circuits power splitter ZSC enable-2-4+;

viii. Divisor: Mini-Circuits power splitter ZSC enable-2-4+;

ix. Analyzer: Rohde & Schwarz FSV7.

Note: For additional information concerning the combiner, splitter, impedance matching

adapter, amplifier, and filter, see Annex 1 and Annex 2

2.4.2 ISDB-TB Receiver

The ISDB-TB TV receivers will be tested in all channels of UHF between channels 14 and 51.


Report:


2.4.3 Parameters to Be Used in the Tests

It is established that:

Desired signal: Signal from DTV standards

Interference signal: Signal from mobile LTE system

2.4.3.1 Parameters of the Desired Signal

The default setting used in tests has the following parameters:

Mode: 3 (8K);

Layer: 1 × Layer, 13 segments;

Modulation: 64 QAM;

Convolutional encoder rate (FEC): CR = 3/4;

Guard interval: GI = 1/8;

Time interleaving: TI = 200 ms.

The PR and the Oth are obtained by means of C(I) curves. For this purpose, the level of

the desired signal will be varied from a level close to the threshold of reception of the TV receivers

up to higher levels of reception. The levels established shall be –77, –70, –60, –50, –40, –30, and

–20 dBm.

2.4.3.2 Parameters of the Interferer Signal

Only FDD systems signals will be considered.

The interference signal follows one of the settings below for the downlink or uplink:

I) Downlink

Three adjacent channels of 15 MHz, in carrier aggregation, occupying the frequency

range of 758 to 803 MHz, with all the Resource Blocks (RBs) occupied by users.

The parameters of the configured signals are presented in Figure 13 and Figure 14:


Report:


All RBs scheduled simultaneously with PN9, with 64 QAM modulation, as shown in Figure

13 and Figure 17.

Figure 13: Downlink frame configuration

Allocation map of RBs, according to Figure 14: the horizontal axis represents the time in

milliseconds, while the vertical axis represents the RBs.

Figure 14: OFDMA temporal plane

Envelope of the signal in time (period of 10 ms), as seen in Figure 15.


Report:


Figure 15: Downlink signal waveform

Complementary Cumulative Distribution Function (CCDF): Function of distribution of the

amplitude of the envelope of the modulated signal, observed in Figure 16.

Figure 16: Downlink CCDF

OFDM signal spectrum: LTE downlink, illustrated in Figure 17.


Report:


Figure 17: Downlink signal spectrum

II) Uplink

A 15 MHz channel, occupying the frequency range of 703 to 718 MHz, in pulsed mode,

with Physical Uplink Shared Channel (PUSCH) signal occupying all RBs of the first sub-frame of 1

ms duration and no signal in the subsequent 9 ms, completing a 10 ms frame.

The parameters of the configured signals are presented in Figure 18 to Figure 25.


Report:


Configuration of the signal: only PUSCH, with 75 RBs activated during the first sub-frame,

and nine subsequent sub-frames without active signal, modulated in 16 QAM, in

agreement with Figure 18.

Figure 18: Uplink frame setting

Allocation map of RBs: the horizontal axis represents time in milliseconds, while the

vertical axis represents the RBs in accordance with Figure 19.

Figure 19: SC-FDMA temporal plane


Report:


Envelope of the signal in time: period of 0 to 10 ms, 1 full frame (1 ms active and 9 ms

inactive), shown in Figure 20; with a period of 0 to 100 ms, 10 frames, shown in Figure 21.

Figure 20: Uplink signal waveform: 1 complete frame

Figure 21: Uplink signal waveform: 10 complete frames


Report:


CCDF: cumulative distribution function of amplitude of the envelope of the modulated

signal, with an active period of 1 ms (only the first sub-frame) shown in Figure 22 and a

period of one frame of 10 ms (10 sub-frames of 1 ms) shown in Figure 23. Note the

difference of 10 dB in the maximum values of peak power/average power between the

situations.

Figure 22: Uplink CCDF: 1 ms

Figure 23: Uplink CCDF: 10 ms


Report:


Single Carrier Frequency Division Multiple Access (SC-FDMA) signal spectrum: LTE

uplink. Figure 24 shows the spectrum of the signal in the period from the beginning of one

sub-frame until the end of the sub-frame, and Figure 25 shows the spectrum of the signal

from the beginning of the frame up to 10 ms (a complete frame). Note the difference of 10

dB in average power between the situations.

Figure 24: Uplink signal spectrum

Figure 25: Uplink signal spectrum


Report:


2.4.4 Measurements in the Presence of Time-Variant Interfering Signal

In tests of interference carried out in Europe between DVB-T/T2 and LTE, it was found that rapid

variations of the level of the interferer signal cause degradations in the PR and Oth performance of

DTV receivers due to the dynamic operation of the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuit and the

algorithms for the estimation of the channel.

Some DTV receivers may present "unstable" behavior in the presence of this type

of LTE signal, as reported from abroad and observed during the tests performed in the

Mackenzie University Laboratory.

The uplink mobile system signal may vary considerably in both the time domain and the

frequency domain, depending on the traffic load. In the frequency domain, the number of RBs

allocated to each SC-FDMA symbol can vary quickly. In the time domain, there may be long

periods in which the UE does not transmit any signal, generating an irregular profile of pulsed

power. The ITU-R BT.2215 -2 Report recommends that measurements should be performed with

uplink signals at various rates of transmission. For these reasons, the adoption of pulsed signals

was decided, as defined in section 2.4.3.1 – (II) “Uplink”.

The ITU-R BT.2215 -2 Report recommends in section 5.8, “Interferer Reference Power

Level", that the the average power of the signal in its active period should be considered in the

measurements of pulsed signals. From the diagrams shown in section 2.4.3.1 – (II), “Uplink”, one

can clearly verify that the average power of the uplink signal in its active period is 10 dB higher

than the average power of the complete frame period. Thus in analyses and calculations of

interference involving parameters of C/I and C/N, one must consider the average power of the

signal in one complete frame.

2.4.5 Reference Power Level of LTE Interferer Signal

Variations of the interference signal level can be obtained by direct action on the signal level as

well as on the occupation rate. To view the degradation caused by a time-variant interfering signal,

it is necessary to keep the Root Mean Square (RMS) power or the power spectral density of active

portions of the time-variant interfering signal constant in relation to the RMS power or in relation to

the power spectral density of the interferer with 100% loading (condition of power fixed in time).

This situation corresponds to the observation of the spectrum on the spectrum analyzer, so that

the power spectral density displayed onscreen, with the same parameters as those set on the

measuring equipment, has the same amplitude for the signals loaded at 100% and at 0%.


Report:


2.4.6 Methods of Evaluating the Point of Failure

The ITU-R Recommendation BT.1368 proposes the use of the Subjective Failure Point (SFP)

method in a unified manner in relation to protection ratio measurements. The relationship of RF

protection for a desired signal of DTV is the value of the ratio between the powers of the desired

signal and the unwanted signal (interferer) in the input of the receiver, determined by the SFP

method, and rounding the result upward to the nearest integer value.

The SFP method corresponds to the quality of image where no more than one error is

visible on the screen for an average time of observation of 60 seconds. The adjustments of the

levels of desired and unwanted signals should be made in small steps, typically of 0.1 dB.

2.4.7 Conditions of Test Environment

The tests should be conducted under conditions of normal operation at ambient temperature in the

range of 15 to 45°C and humidity of 45 to 90% without the impediment of natural ventilation and

with power voltage of 0.9 to 1.1 times the nominal one, according to the ABNT NBR 15604

Standard [8].

Note: The tests should be carried out with all the equipment, including the receiver, in a

Faraday cage, in order to eliminate any interference from external signals.

2.5 Test Procedure of Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR)

2.5.1 Importance of Measuring

The Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR) is an important parameter that indicates the quality

of the signal generated by a signal generator or a transmitter in terms of its emissions outside the

designated occupied bandwidth. Numerically, the ACLR represents the ratio, in decibels, of the

average power of the generated signal integrated inside the designated channel bandwidth to the

average power of out-of-band emissions integrated in the upper or lower adjacent channel band.

The natural tendency is that the values of ACLR are smaller for adjacent channels immediately

neighboring the assigned range, and progressively increase with the distance from the assigned

frequency band, because this is the natural behavior of emissions outside the band. The concept

of ACLR applies, in general, to signal generators or transmitters for various types of services, with

different settings and different central frequencies and bandwidths of both main and adjacent

signals, and including the involvement of different services, as is the case of this work.

Figure 26 illustrates the definition of the LTE signal ACLR measured on TV channel 51.

The importance of having a high value of ACLR and of measuring it is evident from the figure,

because when the DTV receiver is tuned to channel 51, the interfering power P51 goes directly


Report:


into the demodulator in addition to the DTV signal, and thus the greater the ACLR, the smaller the

interfering power P51 will be.

Figure 26: ACLR measurement

The emissions outside the range, and therefore the values of ACLR, depend on several

factors such as type of modulation, parameters of modulation, frequency of operation,

characteristics of power amplifiers employed and its back-off in relation to its saturation level,

employment of linearizers, filtering of the transmitted signal, and so on. In addition to taking the

average power of the signal into account, we should also consider the peak-to-average ratio of the

signal in order to maintain the levels of the signal peaks in accordance with the linear operating

range of the signal generator or amplifier employed.

Signal generators for laboratory use often provide high quality with low out-of-band

emission levels, that is, with high values of ACLR, typically above 60 dB, for adjacent channels

immediately neighboring the main signal and increasing rapidly for adjacent channels further away.

Their power levels are relatively modest, in the range from 10 to 20 dBm.

Commercial transmitters, on the other hand, provide signals with higher powers, but with

higher levels of spurious, that is, with smaller values of ACLR. As in all transmission systems,

emissions outside the band of the radio BS of LTE systems shall comply with the operational

requirements defined by Anatel, and admit a certain degree of improvement, through adjustment of

operation back-off and filtering of the output signal of the transmitter. The operational requirements

of emissions outside the band of UE, which shall also comply with the limits established by Anatel,

are less demanding than those of the BS, in order to avoiding making it excessively expensive.


Report:


As the ACLR interfering signal depends on the levels of the signal set up in the signal

generator and in the amplifiers employed in the measurement setup, it is important to establish

these levels with a lot of care at the beginning of the tests and to keep these levels fixed

throughout the measurements, performing variations of levels effectively applied in measurements

only by means of external attenuators. For the same reason, the ACLR measurements must be

carried out in a measurement setup configuration and with the levels of signal employed in the

actual measurements of LTE × DTV interference.

The interference tests of LTE on the DTV were carried out by Mackenzie in a setup with

LTE signal generators with a more spectrally clean signal, that is, with better ACLR (larger) than

the transmitters actually in operation. The measured ACLR values (and this is another reason for

ACLR measurement importance) are used together with the results of the measurements to make

more realistic estimates of the interference of the LTEs in DTV, applying conversions to the PR

measurements (see section 1.5.2 of [2]), taking into account the out-of-band emission

characteristics of actual LTE downlink (BS) and uplink (UE) transmitters. Such a conversion has

been applied in the ITU-R for sharing studies between services.

2.5.2 ACLR Measurements

I) Requirements

The ACLR measurements require care, due to the wide dynamic range involved, in order to ensure

that distortions by non-linearities in the measuring instrument do not occur. The test setup is

presented in Figure 27, which must be a subset of the setup shown in Error! Reference source

not found..


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II) Test Setup

Figure 27: ACLR.mesasurement test setup


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III) Test Procedure

The measurements are performed with the setup shown in Figure 27Error! Reference source not

found. in "Channel Power" mode, by measuring the signal strengths of the LTE and DTV over

each effective channel center frequency and bandwidth. Two conditions must be ensured for the

measurements of downlink and uplink ACLR:

Condition 1 (C1): At no time during the measurements can the LTE signal level be above

the maximum allowed level of any of the measuring equipment, including when the RF

attenuator is set at 0 dB attenuation.

Condition 2 (C2): There can be no distortion inside the spectrum analyzer of the LTE

signal applied, because the value of ACLR measured would be affected. The condition of

linearity of measurement must be conferred by reducing the signal level LTE at 5 dB

through the internal attenuator of the spectrum analyzer and observing the effect on the

measured result. The linearity of the measurement is acceptable if the reduction of the

level does not affect the LTE signal spectrum in its designated frequency band and

outside it.

a) Connect the equipment as shown in item (II);

b) Configure the vector signal generator to generate the LTE signal with the transmission

parameters, center frequency, and output level exactly as defined and used in

measurements described in section 2.6.1 for the downlink and uplink;

c) With the RF attenuator at 0 dB, adjust the internal attenuator of the spectrum analyzer to

the smallest value that meets the condition C2;

d) Measure the signal LTE strength (PLTE) in decibel-milliwatts with the spectrum analyzer

in "channel power" mode, with 43.515 MHz bandwidth centered at 780.5 MHz for the

measurement of downlink and with 13.5 MHz bandwidth centered at 710.5 MHz for the

measurement of uplink;

e) Measure the LTE out-of-band signal power on channel 51 (P51) in decibel-milliwatts with

the spectrum analyzer in "channel power" mode and 5.57 MHz of bandwidth centered on

695.1429 MHz (including the positive shift of 1/7 MHz for DTV signal);

f) Calculate the LTE downlink or uplink ACLR:

ACLR51DL/UL = PLTE – P51

g) Note the result in Table 13;

h) Repeat the procedures of items (e) and (f) for the other TV channels desired for both LTE

downlink and uplink LTE signals.


Report:


i) If necessary, spectrum analyzer features such as preamplifier activation and "noise

correction", which reduce the noise level baseline, may be employed in measuring ACLR.

Care should be taken with regard to condition C2.

Table 13: ACLR

DTV Channels (dB) DL ACLR (dB) UL ACLR (dB)

51

50

49

...

Figure 28 shows an example of LTE uplink ACLR measurement for the DTV channel 51,

where the measuring equipment screenshot shows the specific parameters used in the

configuration of the test equipment, which contains a specific application software for ACLR

measurement. The application software presents the value of P51 – PLTE, and therefore the

measured value in this example is ACLR51UL = 97.46 dB.


Report:


Figure 28: Example of ACLR measurement of LTE UL on the DTV channel 51.

2.6 Interference Tests of LTE signal in Digital Television

The main objective of these tests is the determination of curves that characterize the effects of LTE

signal interferences on DTV receivers. Two distinct configurations of LTE signals are used: uplink

and downlink signals as described in section2.4.3.1.

2.6.1 Measurements of Interference of LTE in Digital Television

I) Requirement

The test is intended to measure the points of TOV (see section1.4.2) for various power levels of

DTV n (C) as a function of LTE interference signal strength (I). The results are recorded in tables

and graphs called relations C(I), which are subsequently analyzed in order to extract the PR and

Oth parameters of each DTV receiver.


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II) Test Setup

Figure 29: Test setup for LTE interference on DTV


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III) Test Procedure

a) Connect the measuring equipment as shown in item (II);

b) The DTV signal, the desired signal, must be the dynamic “zone plate”, with the following

standard modulation configuration: mode 3, 64 QAM, CR = 3/4, ∆/TU = 1/8 and TI = 200

ms;

c) The DTV signals utilized in the tests must have a positive central frequency shift of 1/7

MHz;

d) Set the LTE signal generator with the desired configuration, downlink or uplink, in

accordance with Section2.4.3.1;

e) Set the DTV modulator to channel 14 (473,143 MHz);

f) Adjust the attenuator connected to the LTE signal generator side for maximum

attenuation;

g) Adjust the attenuator connected to the DTV signal side in order to obtain a level of –77

dBm in the input of the DTV receiver, or STB, in the test;

h) Acting on the attenuator connected to the LTE signal generator side, lower the attenuation

of the LTE signal, observing the zone plate image on the receiver screen, up to the point

of QEF. We call this the receiver reaching its TOV point;

i) Put the attenuator of the DTV signal to its maximum and read out the level of the

interfering LTE signal level, I (dBm), on the signal analyzer;

j) Register the I level in Error! Reference source not found.;

k) Repeat the procedure from item (f) to (k) according to the established DTV signal power

level;

l) Repeat the procedure from item (e) for the other UHF TV channels 15 to 51.

Table 14: TOV for Downlink/Uplink LTE Interference

DTV Level (dBm) LTE Downlink/Uplink (dBm)

N-Channel Receiver TOV

-20

-30

-40

-50


Report:


DTV Level (dBm) LTE Downlink/Uplink (dBm)

N-Channel Receiver TOV

-60

-70

2.7 LTE Interference Tests Results

2.7.1 ACLR

The results of ACLR of LTE downlink and uplink signals generated by the LTE interference test

setup are shown in the Table 15 Error! Reference source not found.and the corresponding

spectrum analyzer screenshot in Figure 30 to Figure 35. For TV channels below CH 49, please

consider the ACLR value for CH 49.

Table 15: ACLR of LTE Interference Signal over Digital TV Channel

TV Channel DL ACLR (dB) UL ACLR (dB)

51 100.08 97.46

50 100.74 102.64

49 100.73 103.04


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Figure 30: LTE downlink ACLR over TV channel 49


Report:




Report:




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Figure 33: LTE uplink ACLR over TV channel 49


Report:




Report:



2.7.2 Downlink TOV Measurement Results

The measurement results of TOV for the receivers A to F are shown in Table 16 and plotted in

Figure 36 to Figure 47. The PR and Oth values are obtained from Table 16.


Report:


I) Table of Results

Table 16: LTE – downlink interference TOV

DTV (dBm) LTE Downlink TOV (dBm)3

Channel 14 A B C D E F

-20 1.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 1.1 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 6.4 >9.0

-40 0.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 2.2 >9.0

-50 -0.7 7.6 >9.0 3.6 -1.6 >9.0

-60 -2.8 5.8 >9.0 3.1 -4.4 >9.0

-70 -3.7 -9.9 >9.0 1.5 -7.4 -0.7

-77 -5,7 -21.5 8.4 -0.3 -13.8 -7.2

DTV (dBm) LTE Downlink TOV (dBm)


-20 1.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 1.1 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 0.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 7.1 >9.0

-50 -1.0 7.4 >9.0 3.5 3.9 >9.0

-60 -3.2 5.7 >9.0 2.9 0.1 >9.0

-70 -4.3 -10.0 >9.0 1.5 -6.6 1.5

-77 -7.1 -21.5 >9.0 -0.2 -15.3 -7.6



-20 2.5 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 2.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 1.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 7.7 >9.0

-50 -0.2 7.3 >9.0 3.6 5.7 >9.0

-60 -2.7 5.5 >9.0 2.6 0.7 >9.0

-70 -5.2 -10.0 >9.0 1.1 -6.6 1.7

-77 -9.2 -20.9 >9.0 -1.4 -15.1 -7.2

3 Note: The cells with values >9.0 in Table Error! Reference source not found. that the receiver

did not reach the condition of TOV, even when the maximum level of output permitted by the test

setup was reached. For the downlink signal the maximum power was 9.0 dBm.


Report:




-20 4.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 4.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 3.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 7.7 >9.0

-50 1.8 7.2 >9.0 3.8 4.8 >9.0

-60 -2.1 5.3 >9.0 2.1 -0.1 >9.0

-70 -5,7 -10.1 >9.0 0.6 -6.7 1.2

-77 -9.7 -21.0 6.6 -1.4 -15.1 -8.0

DTV (dBm) LTE Downlink TOV (dBm) Channel

018 A B C D E F

-20 5.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 6.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 4.9 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 6.6 >9.0

-50 2.4 7.1 >9.0 3.7 3.2 >9.0

-60 -1.1 5.3 >9.0 2.3 -1.3 >9.0

-70 -4.7 -9.9 8.4 0.8 -6.6 1.5

-77 -8.4 -20.9 6.4 -0.8 -15.3 -7.8



-20 5.9 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 7.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 7.7 >9.0

-40 5.5 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 4.0 >9.0

-50 2.7 7.1 >9.0 3.7 -0.3 >9.0

-60 0.0 5.3 >9.0 2.2 -3.6 >9.0

-70 -3.0 -10.0 >9.0 0.8 -7.6 1.9

-77 -6,0 -20.9 >9.0 -0.7 -15.2 -6.7



-20 7.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 5.6 >9.0

-40 7.6 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 1.0 >9.0

-50 4.6 7.1 >9.0 3.6 -2.1 >9.0

-60 2.9 5.2 >9.0 1.9 -4.7 >9.0

-70 1.9 -9.8 >9.0 0.6 -9.8 1.4

-77 0.5 -20.8 >9.0 -0.7 -17.9 -7.6




Report:


-20 7.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 4.6 >9.0

-40 7.5 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 0.2 >9.0

-50 4.7 6.9 >9.0 3.8 -2.7 >9.0

-60 2.8 4.9 >9.0 1.7 -5.3 >9.0

-70 2.0 -10.1 >9.0 0.6 -11.2 1.5

-77 0.7 -21.2 >9.0 -0.8 -18.9 -7.2



-20 7.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 4.7 >9.0

-40 7.4 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 0.5 >9.0

-50 4.7 6.8 >9.0 3.8 -2.7 >9.0

-60 2.7 5.0 >9.0 1.5 -5.4 >9.0

-70 1.7 -9.9 >9.0 0.4 -10.4 1.7

-77 0.6 -21.4 >9.0 -1.0 -18,2 -6.8



-20 7.7 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 6.5 >9.0

-40 7.2 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 2.2 >9.0

-50 4.4 6.3 >9.0 3.7 -1.4 >9.0

-60 2.7 4.4 >9.0 1.4 -4.3 >9.0

-70 1.7 -10.5 >9.0 0.2 -8.6 1.3

-77 0.6 -16.1 >9.0 -1.2 -16.4 -7.2



-20 6.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.1 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 6.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 6.8 >9.0

-50 3.8 6.3 >9.0 4.6 3.0 >9.0

-60 2.0 4.5 >9.0 1.0 -2.0 >9.0

-70 1.2 -10.4 >9.0 0.0 -6,5 1.5

-77 -0.3 -16.1 >9.0 -1.6 -15.3 -7.1



-20 7.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0


Report:


-40 7.0 7.4 >9.0 >9.0 7.7 >9.0

-50 4.3 6.4 >9.0 3.6 4.1 >9.0

-60 2.6 4.7 >9.0 1.0 -0.6 >9.0

-70 1.7 -10.2 >9.0 -0.2 -6.6 1.6

-77 0.5 -15.8 >9.0 -1.7 -15.0 -7.1



-20 6.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 5.9 7.5 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-50 3.3 5.8 >9.0 3.4 5.5 >9.0

-60 1.6 4.0 >9.0 0.7 0.4 >9.0

-70 0.7 -10.7 >9.0 -0.5 -6,5 0.3

-77 -0.5 -16.2 >9.0 -1.7 -15.1 -8.1



-20 6.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.2 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 6.3 7.5 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-50 3.7 6.0 >9.0 3.5 6.0 >9.0

-60 1.6 4.2 >9.0 0.4 1.0 8.4

-70 0.7 -10.7 >9.0 -0.8 -6,5 -1.5

-77 -0.4 -16.2 >9.0 -2.2 -15.3 - 8.2



-20 7.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.4 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 6.2 7.5 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-50 3.9 5.9 >9.0 4.7 5.9 >9.0

-60 2.0 4.1 >9.0 1.8 1.1 8.2

-70 1.1 -10.9 >9.0 -0.1 -6.6 -2.5

-77 -0.1 -16.2 >9.0 -1.6 -15.1 8.8



-20 6.9 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.4 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 6.3 7.4 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-50 4.2 5.7 >9.0 4.7 5.8 >9.0


Report:


-60 2.1 3.9 >9.0 1.8 1.0 8.4

-70 1.0 -10.7 >9.0 -0.1 -6.6 -1.9

-77 -0.2 -16.1 >9.0 -1.7 -15.3 -8.7



-20 5.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.4 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 6.1 7.4 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-50 3.9 5.6 >9.0 4.1 5.4 >9.0

-60 1.7 3.9 >9.0 1.3 0.9 >9.0

-70 1.0 -10.7 >9.0 -0.6 -6.6 -0.2

-77 -0.4 -16.2 >9.0 -2.1 -15.3 -6.5



-20 5.9 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 5.7 7.3 >9.0 >9.0 7.7 >9.0

-50 3.6 5.5 >9.0 4.7 5.0 >9.0

-60 1.8 3.8 >9.0 1.4 0.4 >9.0

-70 0.7 -10.7 >9.0 -0.5 -6.8 -1.2

-77 -1.0 -16.2 >9.0 -2.1 -15.2 -10.7



-20 7.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 6.0 7.2 >9.0 >9.0 7.7 >9.0

-50 3.8 5.6 >9.0 4.6 4.4 >9.0

-60 2.1 3.8 >9.0 1.3 0.0 >9.0

-70 0.9 -10.7 >9.0 -0.5 -6.6 1.9

-77 -0.2 -21.7 >9.0 -2.1 -15.2 -6.1



-20 5.7 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 8.2 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 5.9 7.0 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-50 4.1 5.3 >9.0 4.5 4.4 >9.0

-60 2.1 3.5 >9.0 1.1 0.1 >9.0

-70 0.9 -12.0 >9.0 -0.9 -6.6 1.5


Report:


-77 -0.4 -21.8 >9.0 -2.5 -15.1 -6.7



-20 6.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 7.3 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 5.2 7.0 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-50 3.1 5.4 >9.0 4.3 4.2 >9.0

-60 1.8 3.2 >9.0 0.6 0.0 >9.0

-70 0.6 -10.7 >9.0 -1.3 -6.6 0.8

-77 -0.8 -21.7 >9.0 -2.9 -15.2 -7.2



-20 6.9 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 7.4 7.7 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 5.4 7.0 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-50 3.2 5.3 >9.0 4.1 4.0 >9.0

-60 1.8 3.3 >9.0 0.8 -0.1 >9.0

-70 0.6 -10.7 >9.0 -1.4 -6.6 0.7

-77 -0.7 -21.7 >9.0 -3.1 -15.1 -7.6



-20 7.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 7.2 7.6 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 5.2 6.8 >9.0 >9.0 7.5 >9.0

-50 3.1 6.0 >9.0 4.2 3.5 >9.0

-60 1.6 3.2 >9.0 0.0 -0.5 >9.0

-70 0.5 -10.5 >9.0 -2.0 -6,5 -0.6

-77 -0.7 -21.6 8.3 -3.6 -15.0 -10.2



-20 6.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 6.8 7.4 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 4.6 6.2 >9.0 >9.0 6.5 >9.0

-50 3.0 4.9 >9.0 4.1 2.5 >9.0

-60 1.5 2.9 >9.0 0.0 -1.8 >9.0

-70 0.2 -10.7 >9.0 -1.5 -7.9 -0.5

-77 -0.8 -21.7 8.5 -3.6 -15.6 -7.0


Report:




-20 6.9 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 6.8 7.6 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 4.6 6.3 >9.0 >9.0 6.1 >9.0

-50 3.0 4.7 >9.0 4.0 2.1 >9.0

-60 1.5 2.9 >9.0 -0.2 -2,3 >9.0

-70 0.2 -10.6 >9.0 -2,3 -8.7 -0.5

-77 -0.8 -21.7 >9.0 -3.7 -17.5 -7.2



-20 6.6 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 6.4 7.6 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-40 4.3 6.2 >9.0 7.8 5.6 >9.0

-50 2.9 4.6 >9.0 3.8 1.8 >9.0

-60 1.4 2.6 >9.0 -0.3 -1,8 >9.0

-70 0.2 -11.9 >9.0 -2.7 -9.2 -0.5

-77 -1.0 -21.6 8.1 -4.1 -17.6 -6.3



-20 6.8 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 6.3 7.7 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-40 4.1 6.2 >9.0 7.7 5.3 >9.0

-50 3.8 4.5 >9.0 3.3 1.5 >9.0

-60 1.2 2.3 >9.0 -0.8 -2.2 >9.0

-70 0.0 -11.9 >9.0 -2.7 -12.1 -0.5

-77 -1.1 -21.6 8.4 -4.1 -19.2 -6.4



-20 6.6 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 6.0 7.5 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-40 4.8 6.1 >9.0 7.7 4.9 >9.0

-50 2.5 4.6 >9.0 3.2 1.2 >9.0

-60 1.1 2.3 >9.0 -0.9 -2.5 8.4

-70 -0.2 -11.9 8.5 -3.1 -9,5 -0.4

-77 -1.5 -21.6 >9.0 -4.5 -17.3 -10.1




Report:


-20 6.6 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 5.8 7.4 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-40 3.3 5.9 >9.0 7.9 4.5 >9.0

-50 2.3 4.4 >9.0 3.0 0.8 >9.0

-60 0.8 2.1 >9.0 -1.1 -2.7 >9.0

-70 -0.6 -11.7 >9.0 -3.2 -9.5 -1,8

-77 -1.7 -21.5 >9.0 -4.8 -17.4 -6.4



-20 5.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 4.1 7.4 >9.0 >9.0 7.6 >9.0

-40 1.8 5.8 >9.0 7.6 4.1 >9.0

-50 0.7 4.3 >9.0 2.7 0.4 >9.0

-60 -0.7 2.0 >9.0 -1.5 -3.0 7.5

-70 -2.0 -11.5 >9.0 -3.7 -9,6 -0.1

-77 -3.5 -21.4 >9.0 -5.2 -17.7 -7.7


Channel 45 A B C

D E F

-20 5.1 7.7 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 3.9 7.0 >9.0 >9.0 7.1 >9.0

-40 1.5 5.5 >9.0 7.4 3.5 >9.0

-50 0.4 4.1 >9.0 2.5 -0.1 >9.0

-60 -1.0 1.8 >9.0 -1.7 -2.9 7.5

-70 -2.4 -11.6 >9.0 -3.9 -9.7 -0.6

-77 -4.0 -21.4 >9.0 -5.4 -17.5 -7.9



-20 5.0 7.5 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0 >9.0

-30 3.7 6.7 >9.0 >9.0 6.4 >9.0

-40 1.4 5.3 >9.0 6.8 2.9 >9.0

-50 -0.1 3.8 >9.0 1.9 -0.7 >9.0

-60 -1.4 1.0 >9.0 -2.1 -4.1 7.5

-70 -3.0 -11.8 >9.0 -4.2 -9,6 -1.1

-77 -4.9 -21.6 >9.0 -5.8 -17.5 -8.1



-20 4.8 7.8 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-30 3.4 6.8 >9.0 >9.0 6.0 >9.0


Report:


-40 1.0 5.4 >9.0 3.1 2.6 >9.0

-50 -2.4 4.0 7.7 -8.1 -0.9 >9.0

-60 -12.4 1.3 -2.5 -19.0 -4.3 7.5

-70 -22.5 -11.8 -12.9 -29.3 -9.7 -1.6

-77 -31.2 -21.4 -21.0 -367 -17.4 -8.5



-20 4.6 7.6 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-30 3.1 6.4 >9.0 7.5 5.4 >9.0

-40 0.5 5.0 >9.0 1.4 2.3 >9.0

-50 -4.8 3.6 4.9 -10.7 -1.3 >9.0

-60 -14.5 0.5 -4.8 -21.9 -4.6 7.3

-70 -24.8 -12.3 -15,4 -31,9 -9.7 -2.3

-77 -33.3 -21.5 -24.7 -39.9 -17.5 -9.8



-20 4.3 7.7 >9.0 >9.0 7.9 >9.0

-30 2.9 6.3 >9.0 7.8 4.9 >9.0

-40 0.3 4.9 >9.0 2.6 1.7 >9.0

-50 -4.3 3.5 5.3 -9.3 -1.6 >9.0

-60 -14.0 0.4 -4.1 -20.7 -4.2 6.3

-70 -24.0 -13.2 -15.1 -30.8 -9,6 -3.4

-77 -33.5 -21.5 -27.6 -38.7 -17.5 -10.3



-20 4.3 7.6 >9.0 >9.0 7.4 >9.0

-30 2.3 5.9 >9.0 7.7 4.4 >9.0

-40 0.2 4.6 >9.0 1.5 1.2 >9.0

-50 -5,7 3.3 3.5 -10.4 -2.0 >9.0

-60 -15.1 -0.5 -6.6 -21.9 -5.0 1.2

-70 -25,3 -15.2 -16.9 -29.9 -9,8 -6.1

-77 -34.2 -21.5 -25.3 -39.9 -17.5 -11.1



-20 4.1 7.4 >9.0 >9.0 6.8 >9.0

-30 2.5 5.7 >9.0 7.6 3.7 >9.0

-40 -0.1 4.1 >9.0 1.6 0.6 >9.0

-50 -5.9 2.5 3.0 -10.5 -2.6 >9.0


Report:


-60 -15.3 -6.3 -7.0 -21.9 -5.5 6.5

-70 -25.8 -16,6 -17.7 -32,3 -14.3 -4.7

-77 -35.1 -24.4 -26.2 -40.1 -22.7 -9.7

II) Results in Graphs – Downlink

The results are plotted in two types of charts. The first one shows the LTE level that causes the

TOV on the TV image for seven different TV receiving levels, with the TV channel under test as a

parameter, as in Figure 36. The second one shows a curve of LTE levels that cause the TOV on

the TV image as a function of the seven TV signal receiving levels, measured for each of the 37

channels tested, as can be seen in Figure 37.

The graph in Figure 36 shows the level of LTE downlink signal at the input of the receiver

A, where the vertical axis represents the average power inside the LTE bandwidth of 3 × 15 MHz,

while the horizontal axis represents the TV channels under test. Figure 37 is the same, except that

this time the horizontal axis represents the average TV signal power in the 6 MHz bandwidth at the

input of receiver A.


Report:


Figure 36: LTE downlink level × TV channel – receiver A (can tuner)


Report:


Figure 37: LTE downlink power × TV signal level – receiver A (can tuner)


Report:


Figure 38: LTE downlink level × TV channel – receiver B (silicon tuner)


Report:


Figure 39: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver B (silicon tuner)


Report:


Figure 40: LTE downlink level × TV channel – receiver C (can tuner)


Report:


Figure 41: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver C (can tuner)


Report:


Figure 42: LTE downlink level × TV channel – receiver D (can tuner)


Report:


Figure 43: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver D (can tuner)


Report:


Figure 44: LTE downlink level × TV channel – receiver E (silicon tuner)


Report:


Figure 45: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver E (silicon tuner)


Report:


Figure 46: LTE downlink level × TV channel – receiver F (silicon tuner)


Report:


Figure 47: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver F (silicon tuner)


Report:


CONFIDENCIAL – COMERCIAL – EM – SIGILO

2.7.3 Uplink TOV Measurement Results

The results are shown in Table 17 and plotted in Figure 48 to Figure 59.Error! Reference source

not found.

I) Table of Results

Table 17: TOV for LTE Uplink Interference

DTV (dBm) LTE Uplink (dBm)4

Channel 14 A B5 C D E F

-20 6.6 0.7 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.6 -6.4 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 6.4 -6.6 >10.0 8.4 7.0 >10.0

-50 5.4 -6.5 >10.0 1.2 3.0 >10.0

-60 2.2 -8.8 >10.0 >10.0 -0.2 >10.0

-70 2.0 -13.7 >10.0 >10.0 -2.9 0.8

-77 1.0 -14.2 >10.0 -0.4 -12.6 -6.9

DTV (dBm) LTE Uplink (dBm)


-20 6.6 1.5 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.4 -6,5 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 6.0 -6.6 >10.0 8.2 >10.0 >10.0

-50 5.3 -6.7 >10.0 1.0 >10.0 >10.0

-60 2.0 -11.2 >10.0 -0.1 6.2 >10.0

-70 2.1 -13,7 >10.0 -0.4 -2.9 5.5

-77 0.9 -14.3 >10.0 -1.0 -11.1 -3.8



-20 6.5 0.6 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

4 Note: The cells with values >10.0 in Table 17 indicate that the receiver did not reach the condition of TOV,

because the maximum output level of the test setup was reached. For the uplink signal the maximum power

was 10.0 dBm.

5 Note: The results for receiver B are highlighted in the red cells to indicate that they should not be

considered. Receiver B presented unstable behavior before the pulsed LTE signal interference.


Report:


DRAFT - COMMERCIAL - IN - CONFIDENCE

-30 6.3 -7.5 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.9 -7.1 >10.0 8.2 >10.0 >10.0

-50 5.4 -7.3 >10.0 1.0 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.8 -14.3 >10.0 -0.8 9.3 >10.0

-70 1.6 -14.4 >10.0 -0.8 -2.8 5.4

-77 1.0 -14.7 >10.0 -1.2 -10.9 -4.2



-20 6.2 1.0 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.2 -7.1 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.8 -7.3 >10.0 8.4 >10.0 >10.0

-50 5.2 -7.3 >10.0 0.8 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.7 -7.2 >10.0 -1.0 >10.0 >10.0

-70 1.5 -11.8 >10.0 -1.2 -2.8 5.4

-77 1.2 -16.3 >10.0 -1.6 -10.9 -3.6

DTV (dBm) LTE Uplink (dBm) Channel

018 A B5 C D E F

-20 6.3 0.9 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.8 -7.2 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.6 -7.3 >10.0 8.5 >10.0 >10.0

-50 5.2 -7.3 >10.0 0.9 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.4 -7.3 >10.0 -1.2 >10.0 >10.0

-70 1.3 -11.7 >10.0 -1.3 -2.8 1.2

-77 0.1 -15.0 >10.0 -1.7 -11.0 -3.3



-20 6.2 0.1 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.0 -7.3 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.6 -7.4 >10.0 8.0 >10.0 >10.0

-50 5.5 -7.5 >10.0 0.7 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.5 -7.5 >10.0 -1.4 8.9 >10.0

-70 1.4 -11.9 >10.0 -1.5 -2.8 4.1

-77 0.4 -15.3 >10.0 -1.9 -11.1 -5.0



-20 5.9 1.0 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.8 -7.3 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0


Report:



-40 5.5 -7.3 >10.0 8.4 >10.0 >10.0

-50 5.0 -7.4 >10.0 0.6 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.4 -7.5 >10.0 -1.5 9.3 >10.0

-70 1.3 -7.5 >10.0 -1,8 -2.6 1.2

-77 0.3 -15.3 >10.0 -2.1 -10.9 -6.3



-20 5.8 0.1 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.7 -7.3 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.3 -7.3 >10.0 8.7 >10.0 >10.0

-50 5.2 -7.3 >10.0 0.9 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.2 -7.4 >10.0 -1.7 0.0 >10.0

-70 1.1 -7.8 >10.0 -1.9 -2.7 0.3

-77 0.5 -9.0 >10.0 -2.3 -10.8 -3.2



-20 5.7 0.6 9.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.7 -7.6 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.3 -7.6 8.9 8.5 >10.0 >10.0

-50 5.3 -7.5 8.8 0.7 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.1 -7.5 >10.0 -2.0 9.4 >10.0

-70 1.2 -8,3 >10.0 -2.0 -2.4 5.1

-77 0.3 -14.5 >10.0 -2.4 -10.7 -4.0



-20 5.6 0.7 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.4 -7.5 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.2 -7.5 >10.0 8.5 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.8 -7.5 >10.0 0.7 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.0 -7.6 >10.0 -2.0 8.3 >10.0

-70 1.0 -14.8 >10.0 -2.1 -2.6 4.8

-77 -0.1 -14.5 >10.0 -2.7 -10.7 -4.0



-20 5.1 0.8 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.0 -7.4 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.0 -7.4 8.8 8.5 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.8 -7.4 8.3 0.9 >10.0 >10.0


Report:



-60 0.6 -7.6 8.8 -2.1 9.4 >10.0

-70 0.6 -11.4 >10.0 -2.2 -2.6 -2.7

-77 -1.2 -14.4 >10.0 -2.5 -10.7 -4.4



-20 5.6 0.9 8.8 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.4 -7.2 8.8 9.3 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.0 -7.4 8.8 8.6 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.6 -7.4 8.8 1.0 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.3 -7.5 8.8 -2.1 9.4 >10.0

-70 1.2 -8.0 8.8 -2.2 -2.5 -3.1

-77 0.2 -9.2 8.8 -2.6 -10.7 -5.1



-20 5.3 0.8 9.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.1 -7.4 >10.0 9.4 >10.0 >10.0

-40 4.7 -7.4 9.1 8.4 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.3 -7.5 >10.0 0.8 >10.0 >10.0

-60 0.9 -7.6 9.1 -2.1 9.2 >10.0

-70 0.5 -8,1 9.1 -2.4 -2.4 4.4

-77 -0.3 -9.2 >10.0 -2.7 -10.7 -8.0



-20 5.3 4.8 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.1 -7.2 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-40 4.9 -7.4 >10.0 8.7 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.2 -7.4 >10.0 1.2 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.0 -7.6 >10.0 -2.2 9.3 >10.0

-70 0.8 -8.1 >10.0 -2.3 -2.5 3.9

-77 -0.3 -9.5 >10.0 -2.8 -10.6 -5.5



-20 5.8 0.8 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 5.0 -7.4 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-40 4.8 -7.4 >10.0 9.1 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.2 -7.5 >10.0 4.7 >10.0 >10.0

-60 1.2 -7.6 >10.0 1.8 9.0 >10.0

-70 1.0 -8.4 >10.0 1.7 -2.4 2.3


Report:



-77 -0.2 -9.5 >10.0 1.4 -10.8 -2.7



-20 5.5 0.8 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-30 6.7 -7.6 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-40 6.5 -7.6 >10.0 9.2 9.2 >10.0

-50 4.3 -7.7 >10.0 4.5 7.2 >10.0

-60 2.2 -8.0 >10.0 1.9 2.2 >10.0

-70 1.9 -18.1 >10.0 2.0 -2.6 5.0

-77 0.5 -21.9 >10.0 1.5 -11.0 -4.4



-20 5.4 0.9 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-30 6.5 -7.5 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-40 6.6 -7.6 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-50 4.4 -7.6 8.7 4.5 8.4 >10.0

-60 2.3 -7,9 >10.0 2.2 3.6 >10.0

-70 2.2 -17.9 9.1 2.0 -2.8 4.6

-77 0.9 -22.1 >10.0 1.7 -10.8 -5.0



-20 5.3 0.6 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.1 -6.2 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-40 6.5 -6.4 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-50 3.8 -6.1 >10.0 4.8 9.4 >10.0

-60 2.1 -13,9 >10.0 2.3 8.8 >10.0

-70 1.7 -13,9 >10.0 2.2 -2.5 -1.0

-77 0.1 -14.4 >10.0 1.7 -10.8 -9.7



-20 5.3 1.3 9.3 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.5 -6.3 >10.0 9.2 0.0 >10.0

-40 7.1 -6.2 9.2 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-50 4.3 -6.2 >10.0 5.3 9.4 >10.0

-60 2.6 -13.6 9.3 2.6 7.4 >10.0

-70 2.3 -14.2 9.3 2.5 -2.6 4.7

-77 1.3 -15.1 >10.0 2.0 -10.8 -4.4


Report:





-20 5.5 1.0 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.9 -6.1 8.9 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-40 7.4 -6.3 9.3 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-50 4.3 -6.2 >10.0 5.5 9.4 >10.0

-60 2.9 -13.8 9.0 3.0 8.3 >10.0

-70 2.7 -14.2 >10.0 2.9 -2.7 4.6

-77 1.4 -15.2 >10.0 2.2 -10.8 -6.0



-20 5.5 1.2 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.6 -6.4 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-40 7.6 -6.4 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.2 -6.6 >10.0 5.7 >10.0 >10.0

-60 3.3 -11,4 >10.0 3.3 8.4 >10.0

-70 3.0 -14.2 >10.0 3.0 -2.7 4.7

-77 1.9 -15.2 >10.0 2.3 -10.8 -5.0



-20 5.7 1.1 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.8 -7.1 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-40 4.4 -7.3 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.6 -7.5 >10.0 6.1 >10.0 >10.0

-60 3.5 -12.5 >10.0 3.7 7.7 >10.0

-70 3.3 -21.7 >10.0 3.2 -2.7 4.3

-77 2.0 -23.9 >10.0 2.1 -10.9 -7.1



-20 5.7 1.1 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-30 6.6 -7.1 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-40 8.4 -7.3 >10.0 9.2 9.4 >10.0

-50 4.6 -7.3 >10.0 6.7 9.4 >10.0

-60 3.8 -14.9 >10.0 4.0 7.4 >10.0

-70 3.3 -22.9 >10.0 3.2 -2.8 3.9

-77 1.7 -24.5 >10.0 1.4 -10.8 -10.5




Report:



-20 5.6 0.9 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.2 -7.5 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-40 6.7 -7.7 >10.0 7.8 9.3 >10.0

-50 2.3 -7.7 9.1 2.0 9.3 >10.0

-60 -5.4 -15.9 2.8 -8.0 7.1 >10.0

-70 -15,8 -24.5 -7.5 -18.2 -3.0 3.8

-77 -24.9 -25.7 -17.5 -26.5 -11.2 -5.2



-20 5.5 0.2 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.2 -7.5 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-40 5.6 -7.7 >10.0 6.8 9.3 >10.0

-50 0.5 -7.9 9.3 -1.4 9.3 >10.0

-60 -7.8 -16.9 -0.4 -11.6 6.2 >10.0

-70 -18.6 -25.3 -10.8 -21.4 -5.9 3.5

-77 -27.9 -26.1 -21.9 -30.0 -13,7 -6.9



-20 5.6 0.7 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.2 -7.5 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-40 6.6 -7.7 >10.0 7.8 9.3 >10.0

-50 2.7 -7.7 >10.0 3.2 9.1 >10.0

-60 -3.7 -17.1 3.3 -6.8 5.6 >10.0

-70 -14.2 -26,7 -6.7 -16,8 -3.4 3.5

-77 -23.2 -27.5 -15.6 -25.8 -11.5 -6.7



-20 5.8 0.7 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.3 -7.3 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-40 7.5 -7.7 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-50 4.3 -7,9 >10.0 7.5 8.9 >10.0

-60 3.2 -17,7 >10.0 5.0 5.8 >10.0

-70 1.0 -27.5 9.3 2.8 -3.5 5.0

-77 -1.8 -28.1 9.3 0.8 -11.6 -3.7



-20 5.4 0.5 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 6.6 -7.5 >10.0 9.2 0.0 >10.0


Report:



-40 7.7 -7.7 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-50 3.4 -8.1 >10.0 7.0 8.3 >10.0

-60 2.3 -19.5 >10.0 4.5 4.7 8.5

-70 1.1 -28.2 >10.0 3.2 -6.8 -1.1

-77 -1.3 -28.8 >10.0 1.3 -14.1 -9.9



-20 5.5 0.5 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 7.1 -7.5 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-40 7.2 -7.7 >10.0 9.0 9.3 >10.0

-50 1.9 -12.7 >10.0 5.8 7.3 >10.0

-60 0.3 -21.1 >10.0 3.1 4.1 >10.0

-70 -1.9 -28.9 8.9 1.9 -7.0 4.7

-77 -5.5 -29.5 5.7 0.1 -14.4 -4.4



-20 5.3 -0.2 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 8.1 -8.5 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-40 6.3 -8.7 >10.0 8.9 8.8 >10.0

-50 -0.2 -14.7 >10.0 3.5 6.2 >10.0

-60 -2.0 -22.3 9.3 0.1 3.6 >10.0

-70 -4.3 -30,3 6.8 -0.2 -7.3 5.2

-77 -8.0 -31.0 3.9 -1.6 -14.3 -3.6



-20 5.6 -0.2 >10.0 9.2 >10.0 >10.0

-30 8.8 -8.4 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-40 7.8 -8.7 9.0 7.8 9.1 >10.0

-50 7.0 -15.5 9.3 0.0 5.6 >10.0

-60 -4.8 -23,9 8.9 -3.0 2.4 >10.0

-70 -5.4 -31.0 6.9 -3.1 -7.8 4.6

-77 -8.0 -31.9 4.9 -3.7 -15.3 -4.7



-20 3.2 -0.2 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-30 -1.2 -8.5 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-40 -9.0 -8.8 >10.0 2.7 7.7 >10.0

-50 -16.4 -17.4 7.0 -7.0 4.3 >10.0


Report:



-60 -21,0 -26.6 6.6 -10.1 1.7 8.5

-70 -21.4 -32.4 5.4 -10.1 -9.3 2.3

-77 -23.8 -33.1 2.4 -11.1 -15.9 -9.1



-20 3.9 -0.4 >10.0 >10.0 9.3 >10.0

-30 -2.3 -8.5 >10.0 8.8 9.3 >10.0

-40 -9.2 -12.6 >10.0 0.5 7.4 >10.0

-50 -15.9 -20.2 6.0 -9.2 3.2 >10.0

-60 -20.3 -27.9 5.3 -12.4 0.7 6.7

-70 -21.1 -33,0 3.3 -12.3 -9.3 0.4

-77 -23.6 -33.3 -0.7 -13.2 -16.2 -7.5



-20 6.4 -0.4 >10.0 9.2 9.3 >10.0

-30 -1.4 -9,5 >10.0 6.9 8.1 >10.0

-40 -4.6 -13.8 8.5 -2.7 5.5 >10.0

-50 -13.6 -21.5 0.7 -11.8 1.9 >10.0

-60 -19.6 -30,6 -0.7 -14.7 -1.1 6.8

-70 -24.0o -34.5 -4.5 -16.1 -10.5 -1.3

-77 -27.3 -34.8 -8.5 -18.8 -17.9 -10.1



-20 5.8 -0.8 >10.0 9.2 8.3 >10.0

-30 -2.4 -9.3 >10.0 3.4 6.0 >10.0

-40 -7.2 -14.6 >10.0 -6.8 3.6 >10.0

-50 -16.6 -21.7 >10.0 -15.5 0.2 >10.0

-60 -22.0 -29.2 5.3 -18.3 -2.2 6.1

-70 -26.2 -35,1 -3.7 -19.3 -12.1 -3.7

-77 -30.8 -35.7 -13.1 -21.9 -19.6 -11.6



-20 3.7 -0.9 >10.0 8.6 6.5 >10.0

-30 -1.0 -9.5 >10.0 5.4 3.8 >10.0

-40 -6.8 -16,6 >10.0 -5.2 1.5 >10.0

-50 -14.0 -24.6 7.8 -15.5 -1.2 >10.0

-60 -22.0 -32.7 3.7 -22.8 -4.3 4.4

-70 -28.6 -36.7 -5.0 -24,0 -14.2 -4.6


Report:



-77 32.4 -37.,0 -13.1 -26.3 -21.7 -11.2



-20 -0.2 -2.3 6.4 4.9 2.6 >10.0

-30 -3.2 -13.2 3.6 1.7 -0.6 >10.0

-40 -7.2 -20.4 0.0 -3.6 -3.5 7.7

-50 -12.7 -28.2 -5.1 -10.3 -5.6 -0.2

-60 -18.2 -37.7 -6.2 -21,0 -14.3 -9.6

-70 -26.3 -39.8 -15.2 -29.5 -23.1 -10.3

-77 -36.3 -42.0 -23.6 -34.7 -31.5 -16.7

II) Graphs of Results – Uplink

The results are plotted in two types of charts. The first one shows the LTE level that causes TOV

on the TV image for seven different TV receiving levels, with the TV channel under test as a

parameter, as shown in Figure 48. The second one shows the curve of LTE levels that cause the

TOV on the TV image for seven TV signal receiving levels, measured for each of the 37 channels

tested, as can be seen in Figure 49.

The graph in Figure 48 shows the level of the LTE uplink signal at the input of receiver A,

where the vertical axis represents the average power inside the LTE bandwidth of 3 × 15 MHz,

while the horizontal axis represents the TV channels under test. The same applies to Figure 49;

however this time the horizontal axis represents the average TV signal power in the 6 MHz

bandwidth at the input of receiver A.


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Figure 48: LTE uplink level × TV channel – receiver A (can tuner)


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Figure 49: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver A (can tuner)


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Figure 50: LTE Uplink level × TV channel – receiver B (silicon tuner)


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Figure 51: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver – B (silicon tuner)


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Figure 52: LTE Uplink level × TV channel – receiver C (can tuner)


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Figure 53: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver – C (can tuner)


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Figure 54: LTE Uplink level × TV channel – receiver D (can tuner)


Report:



Figure 55: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver D (can tuner)


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Figure 56: LTE Uplink level × TV channel – receiver E (silicon tuner)


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Figure 57: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver E (silicon tuner)


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Figure 58: LTE Uplink level × TV channel – receiver F (silicon tuner)


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Figure 59: LTE downlink level × TV level – receiver F (silicon tuner).


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2.7.4 LTE Co-Channel Interference in Digital Television

2.7.4.1 Necessity for Measurements

The Brazilian government intends to carry out the migration of the 703 to 803 MHz bandwidth,

currently allocated to TV broadcasting services, to LTE mobile services at different times by region

of the country. Thus, during the transition period, there will be regions with TV broadcasting

operating in the band 703 to 803 MHz as well as regions with LTE transmissions in the same

frequency band.

There may be a need, within the limits of two regions, to carry out coordination among the

different systems operating in the same frequency band. Thus, measurements of co-channel

interference of LTE signals over DTV were taken with the aim of obtaining PR data for the

coordination studies between these services.

In co-channel interference measurements, as the LTE signal contained in the DTV

channel bands enters the receiver directly, the TOV criterion is always reached for LTE signal

levels below the DTV signal level, so that the receiver is operated in a linear condition. For this

reason there are no Oth results for co-channel interference.

The information obtained can also be applied in the border regions between Brazil and the

other countries that have also adopted the ISDB-T system.

2.7.4.2 Results of Tests

The tests of co-channel interference were performed with the DTV in the channels allocated for

LTE operating frequency bands in the future. Channel 53 was selected for LTE uplink and channel

63 was selected for LTE downlink. The same settings and procedures were adopted as for

previous tests.

I) Table of Results

Downlink

Table 18: TOV for Co-Channel Interference – LTE Downlink

DTV (dBm) LTE Downlink (dBm)


-20 -29.5 -23.2 -29.2 -29.1 -28.3 -28.4

-30 -39.6 -33.1 -39.2 -39.2 -38.2 -38.3

-40 -49.7 -43.1 -49.5 -49.1 -48.3 -48.4

-50 -58.6 -52.1 -60.1 -58.4 -57.9 -58.5

-60 -69.9 -58.8 -70.7 -70.7 -66.9 - 72.5


Report:



Uplink

Table 19: TOV for Co–Channel Interference – LTE Uplink



-20 -33.2 -34.5 -32.2 -33.6 -31.7 -32.5

-30 -43.5 -44.6 -42.2 -43.5 -41.8 -42.7

-40 -53.7 -54.8 -52.3 -53.4 -52.0 -52.9

-50 -63.8 -65.8 -62.6 -63.6 -61.6 -63.2

-60 -73.3 - -72.4 -73.5 -71.7 -72.9

6 Note: The results for receiver B are highlighted in red cells to indicate that they should not be considered.

Receiver B presented unstable behavior before the pulsed LTE signal interference.


Report:



II) Graph of Results

Downlink

Figure 60: LTE downlink level × TV level.


Report:



Uplink

Figure 61: LTE uplink level × TV level


Report:



2.7.5 Assessment of Results

2.7.5.1 Image Channel Interference

The can tuner receivers feature high degradation in the image channels, as can be seen from the

measurements results of LTE interference on the DTV. This phenomenon is illustrated in Figure

62, and it occurs due to the traditional frequency conversion architecture of superheterodyne

architecture adopted for TV channel tuning of the receivers, with an IF of 44 MHz. The existence of

image channels in the future LTE operation bands, however, is not so noticeable in the silicon

tuner receivers, because in general they adopt different architectures of frequency conversion from

the traditional ones.

Figure 62: Mechanism of image frequency of superheterodyne receivers

Another characteristic that can be found in the curves of LTE levels that cause TOV of the

TV image as a function of the TV signal level is the inclination of 45o for the TV channels whose

image frequency lies in the future LTE operation band. The inclination of 45o indicates that the

receiver is operating in a linear condition.

Figure 62 illustrates the tuning mechanism of receivers with superheterodyne architecture,

where the frequency of the Local Oscillator (LO) of the receiver is equal to the sum of the TV

channel frequency plus 44 MHz. Therefore all signals with frequencies f equal to the frequency of

the local oscillator fOL plus or minus 44 MHz will be folded in for the IF stage of the receiver.

f(MHz) = fOL(MHz) ± 44(MHz)


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Generalizing, for these receivers it is possible to consider any signal with a frequency

equal to the sum of the TV channel frequency plus 88 MHz as an "image" of the television channel

in question, and any signal present in this "image frequency band" can cause interference on the

TV channel in consideration if it has sufficient power level.

Figure 63 represents in blue color the current frequency band for TV, overlayed by the

proposed frequency bands for LTE in green for the uplink and in pink for the downlink. On the top,

in gray color, on the same scale of frequencies, are the TV channels’ image frequencies bands

tuned by receivers with 44 MHz IF frequency (local oscillator at 44 MHz above the center of the TV

channel), showing which TV channels will be potentially be interfered with by LTE signals.

Figure 63: Image frequencies of TV receivers with 44 MHz IF

2.7.5.2 Interference Due to Spurious Leakage of the Receiver Down-Converter

During the execution of the tests it was possible to observe, for receiver A, a phenomenon similar

to the image channel. But the affected channels were those that have a ratio of 5/8 in relation to

the frequency of the interference signal. This type of interference was observed only in receiver A.

2.7.5.3 Interference by LTE Channels Close to the TV Channels Due to the

Receiver Filtering System

Also notable is the increase in the performance degradation of the TV receivers under test for the

upper TV channels due to LTE uplink interference. This is due to, among other reasons, the sum of

the characteristics of the tracking filter frequency response and the characteristics of the receiver

IF filter frequency response. An important function of tracking filters of TV receivers is to mitigate

the image frequency signal. A typical value of the specification for the "image rejection" of a TV

receiver is of the order of 50 dB, with the tracking filter being mainly responsible for this rejection.

Another function is to mitigate the interference of adjacent channels. However, the response curve


Report:



of the tracking filters varies from channel to channel, with the selectivity being reduced on higher

frequency TV channels. This characteristic is present in both can tuners and silicon tuners.

Figure 64: Example of tracking filter characteristic

2.7.5.4 Unstable Behavior of the TV Receiver Before a Pulsed LTE Interfering

Signal

It was also found, in the execution of the tests, that the receiver B presented unstable behavior

when subjected to a pulsed uplink interference signal. So the results of uplink interference for

receiver B are not accurate. It is suspected that this unstable behavior is due to the characteristic

of the Automatic Gain Control (AGC) circuit, mainly with regard to the time constant of the AGC.

2.7.5.5 Determination of PR and Oth values from TOV measurements

I) Definitions

a) Radio frequency protection ratio (PR)

This is the minimum value of the signal-to-interference required to obtain a specified reception

quality under specified conditions in the receiver input. The "specified reception quality, under

specified conditions," is defined in Section 2.4.

In general, the PR is specified as a function of frequency separation between the desired

signal and the interference signal in a given frequency range. In this report, "frequency separation"

is defined in terms of DTV channels in the UHF band. The graphs thus obtained, called curves of


Report:



PR, represent the ability of the receiver to protect itself against interfering signals in frequencies

different from those in which it operates.

b) Receiver’s overload threshold (front-end)

The Oth is the level of the interfering signal, expressed in decibel-milliwatts, above which the

receiver begins to lose the ability to protect against interference signals operating in different

frequencies of the desired signal. Therefore, above the Oth the receiver behaves non-linearly but

does not necessarily fail immediately, depending on the receiver and on the interference

characteristics.

II) PR and Oth obtained by Tests

Through the data and interference test results’ curves, presented in Paragraphs 2.7.2 and 2.7.3,

the methodology recommended by ITU-R ReportError! Reference source not found.Error!

Reference source not found. BT.2215-2 [5] can be used. However, this methodology generates

difficulties because the results of TOV obtained in practice do not result in linear curves or exhibit

well-defined saturation points, giving margin for subjective interpretations of TOV curves and

consequently variations in results depending on the perception of the person analyzing the data.

Thus, in this study it was decided to adopt the following methodology:

A) Determination of PR: All Digital TV receivers should operate normally until the

threshold reception level, set at –77 dBm by the ABNT Standard. Therefore, the value at the DTV

reception level of –77 dBm was considered for the PR determination;

(B) Determination of the Oth: The LTE interferer signal level at which the PR of the given

channel deteriorates by 3 dB or more, when the desired DTV signal level is increased, was

considered as the level of Oth of a given TV channel. It was considered that a deviation of 1 dB

would not be suitable due to inaccuracies contained in the measurements.

Based on the methodology above, a Table of PRs was generated for all measured points.

From this Table of PRs we selected the PRs of the DTV level of –77 dBm of all channels of each

receiver tested, which were considered as the results of PR obtained in the tests. For the

determination of Oth we generated from the data of the Table of PR another table, called the Table

of ∆L, containing the values of the difference in PR of a certain level of DTV from the level

immediately below. The Oth of a given DTV channel would be the LTE signal level that caused a

PR deterioration greater than or equal to +3 dB.

The tables below have been developed considering the results of all DTV channels for

each receiver, with the columns "Worst PR" and "Worst Oth" showing the worst values among the

receivers tested for a specific DTV channel.


Report:



Table 20: Downlink PR

A B C D E F

14 ‐71.3 ‐55.5 ‐85.4 ‐76.7 ‐63.2 ‐69.8 ‐55.5

15 ‐69.9 ‐55.5 ‐76.8 ‐61.7 ‐69.4 ‐55.5

16 ‐67.8 ‐56.1 ‐75.6 ‐61.9 ‐69.8 ‐56.1

17 ‐67.3 ‐56.0 ‐83.6 ‐75.6 ‐61.9 ‐69.0 ‐56.0

18 ‐68.6 ‐56.1 ‐83.4 ‐76.2 ‐61.7 ‐69.2 ‐56.1

19 ‐71.0 ‐56.1 ‐76.3 ‐61.8 ‐70.3 ‐56.1

20 ‐77.5 ‐56.2 ‐76.3 ‐59.1 ‐69.4 ‐56.2

21 ‐77.7 ‐55.8 ‐76.2 ‐58.1 ‐69.8 ‐55.8

22 ‐77.6 ‐55.6 ‐76.0 ‐58.8 ‐70.2 ‐55.6

23 ‐77.6 ‐60.9 ‐75.8 ‐60.6 ‐69.8 ‐60.6

24 ‐76.7 ‐60.9 ‐75.4 ‐61.7 ‐69.9 ‐60.9

25 ‐77.5 ‐61.2 ‐75.3 ‐62.0 ‐69.9 ‐61.2

26 ‐76.5 ‐60.8 ‐75.3 ‐61.9 ‐68.9 ‐60.8

27 ‐76.6 ‐60.8 ‐74.8 ‐61.7 ‐68.8 ‐60.8

28 ‐76.9 ‐60.8 ‐75.4 ‐61.9 ‐68.2 ‐60.8

29 ‐76.8 ‐60.9 ‐75.3 ‐61.7 ‐68.3 ‐60.9

30 ‐76.6 ‐60.8 ‐74.9 ‐61.7 ‐70.5 ‐60.8

31 ‐76.0 ‐60.8 ‐74.9 ‐61.8 ‐66.3 ‐60.8

32 ‐76.8 ‐55.3 ‐74.9 ‐61.8 ‐70.9 ‐55.3

33 ‐76.6 ‐55.2 ‐74.5 ‐61.9 ‐70.3 ‐55.2

34 ‐76.2 ‐55.3 ‐74.1 ‐61.8 ‐69.8 ‐55.3

35 ‐76.3 ‐55.3 ‐73.9 ‐61.9 ‐69.4 ‐55.3

36 ‐76.3 ‐55.4 ‐85.3 ‐73.4 ‐62.0 ‐66.8 ‐55.4

37 ‐76.2 ‐55.5 ‐77.0 ‐77.0 ‐55.5

38 ‐76.2 ‐55.3 ‐85.5 ‐73.4 ‐61.4 ‐70.0 ‐55.3

39 ‐76.2 ‐55.3 ‐73.3 ‐59.5 ‐69.8 ‐55.3

40 ‐76.0 ‐55.4 ‐85.1 ‐72.9 ‐59.4 ‐70.7 ‐55.4

41 ‐75.9 ‐55.4 ‐85.4 ‐72.9 ‐57.8 ‐70.6 ‐55.4

42 ‐75.5 ‐55.4 ‐72.5 ‐59.7 ‐66.9 ‐55.4

43 ‐75.3 ‐55.5 ‐72.2 ‐59.6 ‐70.6 ‐55.5

44 ‐73.5 ‐55.6 ‐71.8 ‐59.3 ‐69.3 ‐55.6

45 ‐73.0 ‐55.6 ‐71.6 ‐59.5 ‐69.1 ‐55.6

46 ‐72.1 ‐55.4 ‐71.2 ‐59.5 ‐68.9 ‐55.4

47 ‐45.8 ‐55.6 ‐56.0 ‐40.3 ‐59.6 ‐68.5 ‐40.3

48 ‐43.7 ‐55.5 ‐52.3 ‐37.1 ‐59.5 ‐67.2 ‐37.1

49 ‐43.5 ‐55.5 ‐49.4 ‐38.3 ‐59.5 ‐66.7 ‐38.3

50 ‐42.8 ‐55.5 ‐51.7 ‐37.1 ‐59.5 ‐65.9 ‐37.1

51 ‐41.9 ‐52.6 ‐50.8 ‐36.9 ‐54.3 ‐67.3 ‐36.9

Downlink PR (dBm) Worst PR

(dBm) TV CH


Report:



Table 21: Uplink PR

A B C D E F

14 ‐78 ‐76,6 ‐64,4 ‐70,1 ‐64,4

15 ‐77,9 ‐76 ‐65,9 ‐73,2 ‐65,9

16 ‐78 ‐75,8 ‐66,1 ‐72,8 ‐66,1

17 ‐78,2 ‐75,4 ‐66,1 ‐73,4 ‐66,1

18 ‐77,1 ‐75,3 ‐66 ‐73,7 ‐66,0

19 ‐77,4 ‐75,1 ‐65,9 ‐72 ‐65,9

20 ‐77,3 ‐74,9 ‐66,1 ‐70,7 ‐66,1

21 ‐77,5 ‐74,7 ‐66,2 ‐73,8 ‐66,2

22 ‐77,3 ‐74,6 ‐66,3 ‐73 ‐66,3

23 ‐76,9 ‐74,3 ‐66,3 ‐71,6 ‐66,3

24 ‐75,8 ‐74,5 ‐66,3 ‐72,6 ‐66,3

25 ‐77,2 ‐85,8 ‐74,4 ‐66,3 ‐71,9 ‐66,3

26 ‐76,7 ‐74,3 ‐66,3 ‐69 ‐66,3

27 ‐76,7 ‐74,2 ‐66,4 ‐71,5 ‐66,4

28 ‐76,8 ‐78,4 ‐66,2 ‐74,3 ‐66,2

29 ‐77,5 ‐78,5 ‐66 ‐72,6 ‐66,0

30 ‐77,9 ‐78,7 ‐66,2 ‐72 ‐66,2

31 ‐77,1 ‐78,7 ‐66,2 ‐67,3 ‐66,2

32 ‐78,3 ‐79 ‐66,2 ‐72,6 ‐66,2

33 ‐78,4 ‐79,2 ‐66,2 ‐71 ‐66,2

34 ‐78,9 ‐79,3 ‐66,2 ‐72 ‐66,2

35 ‐79 ‐79,1 ‐66,1 ‐69,9 ‐66,1

36 ‐78,7 ‐78,4 ‐66,2 ‐66,5 ‐66,2

37 0,0

38 ‐52,1 ‐59,5 ‐50,5 ‐65,8 ‐71,8 ‐50,5

39 ‐49,1 ‐55,1 ‐47 ‐63,3 ‐70,1 ‐47,0

40 ‐53,8 ‐61,4 ‐51,2 ‐65,5 ‐70,3 ‐51,2

41 ‐75,2 ‐86,3 ‐77,8 ‐65,4 ‐73,3 ‐65,4

42 ‐75,7 ‐78,3 ‐62,9 ‐67,1 ‐62,9

43 ‐71,5 ‐82,7 ‐77,1 ‐62,6 ‐72,6 ‐62,6

44 ‐69 ‐80,9 ‐75,4 ‐62,7 ‐73,4 ‐62,7

45 ‐69 ‐81,9 ‐73,3 ‐61,7 ‐72,3 ‐61,7

46 ‐53,2 ‐79,4 ‐65,9 ‐61,1 ‐67,9 ‐53,2

47 ‐53,4 ‐76,3 ‐63,8 ‐60,8 ‐69,5 ‐53,4

48 ‐49,7 ‐68,5 ‐58,2 ‐59,1 ‐66,9 ‐49,7

49 ‐46,2 ‐63,9 ‐55,1 ‐57,4 ‐65,4 ‐46,2

50 ‐44,6 ‐63,9 ‐50,7 ‐55,3 ‐65,8 ‐44,6

51 ‐40,7 ‐53,4 ‐42,3 ‐45,5 ‐60,3 ‐40,7

TV CHUplink PR (dBm) Worst PR

(dBm)


Report:



Table 22: Co-Channel PR

Receiver A B C D E F

Downlink Co-CH PR

(dBm) 9.9 -1.2 10.6 10.6 6.9 12.5

Uplink Co-CH PR

(dBm) 13.3 _ 12.4 13.5 11.7 12.9


Report:



Table 23: Downlink Oth

A B C D E F

14 ‐3.7 7.6 1.5 ‐4.4 ‐4.4

15 ‐4.3 7.4 1.5 0.1 ‐4.3

16 ‐5.2 7.3 1.1 5.7 ‐5.2

17 ‐5.7 7.2 0.6 ‐0.1 ‐5.7

18 ‐4.7 7.1 8.4 0.8 ‐1.3 ‐4.7

19 ‐3 7.1 0.8 ‐3.6 ‐3.6

20 1.9 7.1 0.6 ‐4.7 ‐4.7

21 2 6.9 0.6 ‐5.3 ‐5.3

22 1.7 6.8 0.4 ‐5.4 ‐5.4

23 1.7 6.3 0.2 ‐4.3 ‐4.3

24 1.2 6.3 0 ‐2 ‐2.0

25 1.7 6.4 ‐0.2 ‐0.6 ‐0.6

26 0.7 5.8 ‐0.5 0.4 ‐0.5

27 0.7 6 ‐0.8 6 ‐0.8

28 1.1 5.9 ‐0.1 5.9 ‐0.1

29 1 5.7 ‐0.1 5.8 ‐0.1

30 1 5.6 ‐0.6 5.4 ‐0.6

31 0.7 5.5 ‐0.5 5 ‐0.5

32 0.9 5.6 ‐0.5 0 ‐0.5

33 0.9 5.3 ‐0.9 0.1 ‐0.9

34 0.6 5.4 ‐1.3 0 ‐1.3

35 0.6 5.3 ‐1.4 ‐0.1 ‐1.4

36 0.5 6 ‐2 ‐0.5 ‐2.0

37 0.5 5.1 0.5

38 0.2 4.9 ‐1.5 ‐1.8 ‐1.8

39 0.2 4.7 ‐2.3 ‐2.3 ‐2.3

40 0.2 4.6 8.8 ‐2.7 1.8 ‐2.7

41 0 4.5 ‐2.7 1.5 ‐2.7

42 ‐0.2 4.6 ‐3.1 ‐2.5 ‐3.1

43 ‐0.6 4.4 ‐3.2 ‐2.7 ‐1.8 ‐3.2

44 ‐2 4.3 ‐3.7 ‐3 7.5 ‐3.7

45 ‐2.4 4.1 ‐3.9 ‐2.9 ‐3.9

46 ‐3 3.8 ‐4.2 ‐4.1 ‐4.2

47 1 4 ‐4.3 ‐4.3

48 0.5 3.6 7.5 ‐4.6 ‐4.6

49 0.3 3.5 7.8 ‐4.2 ‐4.2

50 0.2 3.3 7.7 ‐5 1.2 ‐5.0

51 ‐0.1 4.1 7.6 ‐2.6 ‐2.6

TV CHDownlink Oth (dBm) Worst Oth

(dBm)


Report:



Table 24: Uplink Oth

A B C D E F

14 1 ‐0,2 ‐0,2

15 0,9 ‐0,4 ‐0,4

16 1 ‐0,8 ‐0,8

17 1,2 ‐1,2 ‐1,2

18 0,1 ‐1,3 ‐1,3

19 0,4 ‐1,5 ‐1,5

20 0,3 ‐1,8 ‐1,8

21 0,5 ‐1,9 0 0,3 ‐1,9

22 0,3 8,9 ‐2 ‐2,0

23 ‐0,1 ‐2,1 ‐2,1

24 ‐1,2 8,3 ‐2,2 ‐2,7 ‐2,7

25 0,2 8,9 ‐2,2 ‐3,1 ‐3,1

26 ‐0,3 9,1 ‐2,4 ‐2,4

27 ‐0,3 ‐2,3 ‐2,3

28 ‐0,2 1,7 ‐0,2

29 0,5 2 2,2 0,5

30 0,9 2 3,6 0,9

31 0,1 2,2 9,4 0,1

32 1,3 9,3 2,5 9,4 1,3

33 1,4 8,9 2,9 9,4 1,4

34 1,9 3 1,9

35 2 3,2 2,0

36 1,7 3,2 9,4 1,7

37 0,0

38 6,7 9,1 7,8 9,3 6,7

39 5,6 9,2 9,3 5,6

40 2,7 7,8 9,1 2,7

41 1 9,3 2,8 8,9 1,0

42 1,1 3,2 8,3 1,1

43 ‐1,9 8,9 1,9 7,3 ‐1,9

44 ‐4,3 6,8 ‐0,2 6,2 ‐4,3

45 ‐5,4 6,9 ‐3,1 5,6 ‐5,4

46 ‐21,4 5,4 ‐10,1 4,3 8,5 ‐21,4

47 ‐21,1 3,3 ‐12,3 3,2 6,7 ‐21,1

48 ‐24 ‐4,5 ‐16,1 1,9 ‐24,0

49 ‐22 ‐19,3 0,2 ‐22,0

50 ‐28,6 7,8 ‐24 ‐1,2 ‐28,6

51 ‐12,7 ‐5,1 ‐3,6 ‐3,5 ‐9,6 ‐12,7

TV CHUplink Oth (dBm) Worst Oth

(dBm)


Report:



A set of the most important scenarios of LTE signal interference in TV reception systems is

presented as follows.

3.1 Interferences by Radio Base Station

In this section we present a set of models of interference scenarios caused by radio base stations

(BSs) for different configurations of antenna installations in houses and residential buildings. The

Minimum Coupling Loss (MCL) method was adopted in the calculations of LTE interference levels

in the input of the TV receiver.

Note: Parameters from Resolution 625/2013 and from the report on the study of interference

conducted in Japan [6] (which in turn makes heavy use of parameters adopted by the ITU-R in its

interference studies) were used.

3.1.1 Residence with External Antenna

Figure 65: Illustration of BS interference over a TV receiver with external antenna

3 INTERFERENCE SCENARIOS


Report:



Table 25: LTE BS Interference level on TV receiver with external antenna

BS LTE – TV Receiver with External Antenna

Item Description Measuring

Unit 1 LTE BS maximum transmitted power, e.r.p. 60.0 dBm 2 TX antenna radiation pattern

Horizontal plane 0.0 dB Vertical plane (downward tilt of 6.5°) -0.2 dB

3 TX BS LTE antenna EIRP in the direction of the TV antenna 59.8 dBm 4 Difference between antennas heights 30.0 M

5 Distance between antennas (for minimum total loss – antenna radiation pattern + free space loss)

214.0 M

6 Free space loss -76.1 dB 7 LTE signal level received by TV antenna -16.3 dBm 8 Other losses 9 TV antenna gain 12.7 dBi

10 RX antenna radiation pattern Horizontal plane 0.0 dB Vertical plane -0.6 dB

11 Booster gain dB 12 RX feeder loss -4.0 dB

LTE signal level in the TV's antenna input -8.2 dBm


Report:



3.1.2 Residence with External Antenna and Booster

Figure 66: Illustration of LTE BS interference on TV receiver with external antenna and booster

BS LTE – TV Receiver with External Antenna and Booster


Unit

1 LTE BS maximum transmitted power, e.r.p. 60.0 dBm 2 TX antenna radiation pattern


3 TX BS LTE antenna EIRP in the direction of the TV antenna 59.8 dBm 4 Difference between antenna heights 30.0 m


214.0 m

6 Free space loss -76.1 dB 7 LTE signal level received by TV antenna -16.3 dBm 8 Other losses 9 TV antenna gain 12.7 dBi


11 Gain of booster with 25 m of cable 12.0 dB 12 Loss in feeders of RX 0 dB

LTE signal level in the TV's antenna input 7.8 dBm

Table 26: LTE BS interference level on TV receiver with external antenna and booster


Report:



3.1.3 Residence with Passive Internal Antenna

Figure 67: Illustration of BS LTE interference on TV receiver with passive internal antenna

BS LTE – TV Receiver with Passive Internal Antenna


Unit



3 TX BS LTE antenna EIRP in the direction of the TV antenna 59.6 dBm 4 Difference between antenna heights 38.5 M


269.0 M

6 Free space loss -77.9 dB 7 Other losses (penetration on wall) -10.0 dB 8 LTE signal level received by TV antenna -28.3 dBm 9 TV antenna gain 0.0 dBi


11 Booster gain dB 12 RX feeder loss -2.0 dB


Table 27: BS LTE interference level on TV receiver with passive internal antenna


Report:



3.1.4 Residence with Amplified Internal Antenna

Figure 68: Illustration of BS LTE interference on TV receiver with amplified internal antenna

BS LTE – TV Receiver with Amplified Internal Antenna


Unit



3 TX BS LTE antenna EIRP in the direction of the TV antenna 59.6 dBm 4 Difference between antenna heights 38.5 m


269.0 m

6 Free space loss -77.9 dB 7 Other losses (wall penetration loss) -10.0 dB 8 LTE signal level received by TV antenna -28.3 dBm 9 TV antenna gain 0.0 dBi


11 Booster gain 25.0 dB 12 RX feeder loss -2.0 dB


Table 28: BS LTE interference level on TV receiver with amplified internal antenna


Report:



3.1.5 Building with DTV Collective Antenna, Co-Located with LTE BS Antenna

For this scenario, a typical model of TV signal distribution in an apartment building was

established and DTV signal gains and losses for the distribution system were set according to

section11, "Considerations on Link Budget", of the DTV Standard ABNT NBR 15608 2D1:2008

[22] for a typical apartment. Once the parameters of the DTV distribution system were set, the level

of the interfering LTE signal was calculated for the scenario.

Error! Reference source not found. shows a typical case of a DTV signal distribution

model


Report:



Figure 69: Model of DTV signal distribution with internal amplifier inside the apartment building


Report:



Figure 70: Illustration of LTE BS interference on DTV collective antenna co-located with LTE antenna on the roof top of an apartment building

Table 29: LTE BS interference level on DTV receiver, with co-localized collective antenna

BS LTE – TV Receiver with Co-Localized Collective Antenna


Unit



3 TX BS LTE antenna EIRP in the direction of the TV antenna 51.9 dBm 4 Difference between antenna heights 0.0 M


3.0 M

6 Free space loss -44.7 dB 7 LTE signal level received by TV antenna 7.2 dBm 8 TV antenna gain 12.7 dBi 9 RX antenna radiation pattern

Horizontal plane 0.0 dB Vertical plane 0.0 dB

10 Antenna feeder loss -4.0 dB 11 VHF–UHF combiner input level 15.9 dBm

12 Combiner loss (1 dB) + 10 m cable loss up to the AMP (3.12 dB)

-4.12 dB

13 LTE level at the AMP input 11.78 dBm 14 AMP gain (nominal) 50.0 dB

15 25m cable loss, down to the target floor (25 m) -7.8 dB

16 20 dB coupler -20.0 dB 17 10 m cable loss up to the connection point to the TV -3.12 dB

Level of LTE signal at the TV antenna input connector 30.86 dBm


Report:



3.2 Interference from Mobile Terminal

In this section we present a set of interference models of LTE mobile terminals (UE) on DTV

receivers for different configurations of residential TV antenna installations, and the levels of such

interference were determined.

3.2.1 Residence with External Antenna

Figure 71: Illustration of LTE UE interference on TV receiver with external antenna


Report:



Table 30 LTE UE Interference Level on TV Receiver with External Antenna

LTE UE – TV Receiver with External Antenna


Unit

1 LTE UE output power 23.0 dBm 2 LTE UE TX antenna gain 0.0 dBi 3 TX antenna radiation pattern


4 Antenna feeder loss 0.0 dB 5 UE LTE TX antenna EIRP in the direction of the TV antenna 23.0 dBm 6 Difference between antenna heights 8.5 M


22.0 M

8 Free space loss -56.2 dB 9 Other losses (wall penetration) 0.0 dB

10 LTE signal level received by TV antenna -33.2 dBm 11 TV antenna gain 12.07 dBi 12 TV antenna radiation pattern

Horizontal plane 0.0 dB Vertical plane -3.6 dB


Level of LTE signal at the TV antenna input connector -28.1 dBm


Report:



3.2.2 Residence with External Antenna and Booster

Figure 72: Illustration of LTE UE interference on TV receiver with external antenna and booster

Table 31: LTE UE interference level on TV receiver with external antenna and booster.

LTE UE – TV Receiver with External Antenna and Booster


Unit





22.0 M




13 Booster gain with 25 m of cable 12.0 dB 14 RX feeder loss 0.0 dB



Report:



3.2.3 Residence with Passive Internal Antenna

Figure 73: Illustration of LTE UE interference on TV receiver with passive internal antenna

Table 32: LTE UE Interference Level on TV Receiver with Passive Internal Antenna

LTE UE – TV Receiver with Passive Internal Antenna


Unit





0.4 M







Report:



3.2.4 Residence with Amplified Internal Antenna

Figure 74: Illustration of LTE UE Interference on TV Receiver with Amplified Internal Antenna

Table 33: LTE UE interference level on TV receiver with amplified internal antenna

LTE UE – TV Receiver with Amplified Internal Antenna


unit

1 LTE UE output power 23.0 dBm 2 LTE UE TX antenna gain 0.0 dBi 3 TX antenna radiation pattern Horizontal plane 0.0 dB Vertical plane 0.0 dB



0.4 M




17 LTE UE level at the booster input -4.84 dBm 18 Booster gain 25.0 dB 19 RX feeder loss -2.0 dB

Level of LTE signal at the TV antenna input connector 18.16 dBm


Report:



3.3 Case of potential interference in large cities such as Sao Paulo

Figure 75 below shows two real examples of the presented models.

Figure 75: Left: building in Consolacao Avenue; right: Roberto Marinho Avenue in São Paulo city.

END OF REPORT


Report:



Annex 1 – Combiner, Power Divider, and Impedance Matching Devices’

Characteristics

Complementary data related to the combiner, power divider and impedance matching devices

utilized in the tests are presented as follows. The characteristics presented were obtained with an

Agilent E5062A ENA Series – RF network analyzer.

The power splitter ZSC-2-4+ manufactured by Mini-Circuits was employed as a combiner

and power divider in the test setups.

Figure A1.1: Photo of Mini-Circuits power splitter device


Report:



Figure A1.2: Attenuation curve of Mini-Circuits power splitter

Figure A1.3: Attenuation curve of Mini-Circuits power splitter


Report:



The impedance matching device utilized in the DTV receiver or STB input to convert the

50 ohm impedance of all equipment used in the test setup to 75 ohms is a resistive attenuator with

minimum loss, manufactured by Huber & Suhner, with matching pad part no. 6001.01.B. The

typical loss of the Matching Pad is 5.7 dB.

Figure A1.4: Photograph of the matching pad


Report:



Annex 2 – Filter and Amplifier Used in LTE Signal Generation Path

The characteristics of the full band pass filter manufactured by Microwave Filter Co. and of the

Itelco power amplifier utilized in the test setup of the LTE signal generation path are presented as

follows. The characteristics presented were obtained with an Agilent E5062A ENA Series RF

network analyzer.

Figure A2. 1: Photograph of Microwave Filter Co. RF band pass filter

Figure A2. 2: Microwave’s RF band pass filter characteristics

-5

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

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75

80

85

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95

100650 660 670 680 690 700 710 720 730 740 750 760 770 780 790 800 810 820 830 840 850

Pe

rda

(d

B)

Frequência (MHz)

Inserção Reflexão


Report:



Figure A2. 3: Photograph of Itelco power amplifier

Figure A2. 4: Gain characteristics of Itelco power amplifier

Documents

TEST REPORT ON LTE SIGNAL INTERFERENCE IN DIGITAL TV …set.org.br/tecnologia/2014_02_17_LTExTVD_Report_eng.pdfTEST REPORT ON LTE SIGNAL INTERFERENCE IN DIGITAL TV IN THE UHF BAND