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Seminar on study of various temperature sensors done at Toshniwal Electronics
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ADITI AGARWAL 1
JAIPUR ENGINEERING COLLEGE & RESEARCH CENTRESubmitted by:-
Aditi Agarwal
ECE- A1
05
Submitted to:-
Prof. S.S. Shekhawat
TOSHNIWAL INDUSTRIES Pvt. Ltd.
A PRESENTATION ON
TEMPERATURESENSORS
ADITI AGARWAL 3
TOSHNIWAL INDUSTRIES Pvt. Ltd.• Founded in 1959 at Mumbai.
• Leading manufacturer of quality instruments in technical
collaboration with world reputed instrumentation companies
• It is an ISO 9001:2000 certified private limited company.
• The company was set-up at Ajmer (Raj.) under the supervision
of M/s Toshniwal Brothers Pvt. Ltd. (Estb. 1948) under the
leadership of renowned scientist, (Late) Dr. G.R.Toshniwal,
D.Sc.
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“It is time to turn up the heat
but first you must learn how to
measure it”
Temperature Sensor
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Types of Temperature Sensors
Thermocouple
RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector)
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THERMOCOUPLE
When 2 dissimilar metals are
joined together to form a junction,
an emf is produced which
is proportional to the
temperature being sensed.
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Seebeck Effect
The generation of current ina circuit comprising of twowires of dissimilar metals in
the presence of temperaturedifference.
The magnitude of emf depends on the junction temperature.
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Typical Industrial Thermocouple Assembly
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Types of ThermocouplesTCs are identified by a single letter type
and grouped according to their temperature rangeBase Metals – up to 1000 °C
Type J, Type E, Type T, Type K
Noble Metals – up to 2000 °C Type R, Type S, Type B
Refractory Metals – up to 2600 °C Type C, Type D, Type G
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Voltage to Temperature Curve
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Advantages:
Self Powered (does
not require a
current
or voltage source)
Rugged
Inexpensive
Simple
Disadvantages:
• Extremely Low
Voltage output
(mV)
• Not very stable
• Needs a
reference
point
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Resistance Temperature Detector- RTD RTD (Resistance Temperature Detector) is a temperature
sensitive resistor.
It is a positive temperature coefficient device.
The resistive property of the metal is called its resistivity.
The industry standard is the platinum wire RTD (Pt100) whose base resistance is exactly 100.00 ohms at 0.0 °C.
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Resistance v/s Temperature Curve
RTD
100.00
105.00
110.00
115.00
120.00
125.00
130.00
135.00
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90
Temperature (∘C)
Re
sis
tan
ce
(Ω
)
RTD, the basics
• Traditionally made up
of platinum, nickel,
iron or copper wound
around an insulator.
• Temperature range:
From about -196°C
to 482°C.Thin Film RTD
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Platinum Scale ( 0 to 100 °C )
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RTD
Advantages:
Stable
Very accurate
Change in
resistance is linear
Disadvantages:
Expensive
Current source
required
Small change in
resistance
Self heating
Less rugged
ADITI AGARWAL 18
ConclusionIn TIPL, we have studied the working of
Electronics and temperature measuring
instruments of various schemes like Japan scheme,
English scheme, Inspection, Electrical
Maintenance including instruments such as
Thermocouple, RTD,
Wheatstone Bridge, Kelvin Bridge, Rheostat,
Light Spot Galvanometer .
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