Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY

COMENIUS PROJECT 2012-2014:“Free to move – Transports as a motor for youngsters’ mobility”

German Partner:TECK-REALSCHULE, Kirchheim/Teck

„History of the automobile“

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY

Our topics are

2. 19th century

3. 20th century

5. Future

1. Introduction

4. Present

Once upon a time …

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY

… a German engineer named Karl Benz invented a horseless carriage.

The Benz-Patent Motorwagenwas patented in 1886.

It was the first automobile with a gasoline-powered internal combustion engine.

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In 1888 Karl Benz‘ wife, Bertha, wanted to show to the general public that the automobile was very useful.

Together with her two sons (14 and 15) she drove the first long distance trip ever –104 km.

A pharmacy was the world‘s firstfilling station. She solved technical problems by using her hatpin and hergarter.

The first car trip

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Within a few years many technologies were being produced by different producers all over the western world. Some are:

Rudolf Diesel 1893

John Boyd Dunlop 1888

Louis Renault 1903

Robert Bosch 1901

Diesel engine

drum brake

pneumatic tyre

sparking plug

New technologies

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY19

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ryFoundation of worldwide famous companies

- 1896 Peugeot (Audincourt, Lille)

- 1898 Renault (Boulogne-Billancourt) - 1899 Opel (Rüsselsheim)

- 1899 Fiat (Turin)

Fiat 3 ½ HP (1899)

Voiturette of Renault (1898)

- 1890 Daimler (Stuttgart)

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY 2

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This changed when Henry Ford devoloped the assembly line in 1908. The automobile became available for the middle class.

Assembling limousines at individual stations was not veryefficient so the cars were very expensive and affordable only for rich people.

The first mass produced car:Ford Model T „Tin Lizzy“- 850 $- 20 hp, 4 V- v max 64-72 km/h- till 1972 the most sold car in the world, > 15 mio

Mass production

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY

1900191019201930194019501960197019801990200020100

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

80

90

Global production of motorvehicles

Prod

ucti

on in

mill

ions

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ryOldies but Goldies

Rolls-Royce Silver Ghost, 1920

Maserati 8C-3000, 1933

Cadillac Type 34-A Town Sedan, 1928

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Toyota Corolla

Volkswagen Käfer

Citroën 2CV

Likable „baby“

Most sold car ever Darling of a nation

Car of the 20th centuryFiat 500Bugatti Veyron 16.4

Most expensive and fastest car ever

Records all over the world

Porsche 911Dream of any sportive driver

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MINI-AII4-14 at Dakar rally, 181 hp, V4 in 2013

Mercedes „Silberpfeil“ W25, 280 hp, V8 in 1934

Ferrari GG 50, 540 hp, V12 in 2005

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANYPr

esen

tCars and energy

During the last decades cars used less fuel - although their weight increased.

This is a consequence of a permanent improvement of technology:

- Leightweight materials (duraluminium and carbon fiber instead of steel)

- Fuel saving tyres

- Fuel-injection system

- Aerodynamic design

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANYPr

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tCars and safety

Fatal accidents decreased to a high grade during the past decades.

- Airbags

- Automatic Braking Systems (ABS)

- Electronic Stability Control (ESC)

Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems (MEMS)

- Highly resistant materials

One reason is the improved technology in cars:

1990

1994

1998

2002

2006

2010

0

20,000

40,000

60,000

80,000

Fatal accidents in Europe

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANYFu

ture

Three Wheel Hybrid-Electric Vehicle

Requirements for sustainability in the future

- Energy efficient and CO2 neutral - Low emission- Quiet

1. Concerning new engine types

Zero emission F-Cell Hydrogen Electric car: In the fuel cell, hydrogen is directly transformed into electrical energy.

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANYFu

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- Consumer-friendly and comfortable (e.g. self-driving, self-parking)- High safety standard

2. Concerning safety

Requirements for sustainability in the future

Vehicle-to-Vehicle communication V2V

Vehicle-to-Infrastructure communication V2I

Alternative driving concepts:

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY

Just some of so many who participated in this story

Teck-Realschule, Kirchheim, GERMANY

Thank you very much for going with usalong our journey through time. We hope you have enjoyed yourselves.Bye, bye…

AlinaElfriede

Johannes

KatjaLilith

Sebastian

Stefan