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Overview of Team Presentation Assignment
• 15-25 minutes (i.e. 4-6 mins/team member)
• Intro/Background (Leader)
• Laboratory Design
• Academic/Office Technology
Design
• LEED Design
• Conclusion (Leader)
• 10 minutes for Q & A (audience
will roleplay committees)
Speaker Responsibilities
Individual Speakers:
• Intro with preview
• Relate section to the audience
• Body with transitions between main points
• Conclusion
• Everyone must use Visual Aids
Leader:
• Introduction
• Team transitions
• Conclusion/Q&A
Propositions about Group Communication
Advantages
• Access to more resources
• Better retention of concepts
• Diversity
• Creativity
Disadvantages
• Scheduling
• Social loafing
• Conflict
• Coping with misbehavior
• Blame for error is shared
Functioning Group Behaviors
• Participants know each other by name or role.
• There is a generous amount of interaction.
• Each participant has some influence on the others.
• Each participant defines him/herself as a member of the group and is also defined by outsiders as a member.
• There is a common goal, interest or benefit in holding membership in the group.
• There is leadership.
Building an effective group takes planning.
1) Selecting a Leader
2) Sharing Leadership Roles
3) Communicating Effectively
4) Problem-Solving Efficiently
Types of Leaders
• Shared or No Specific Leader
• Implied Leader
• Emergent Leader
• Designated Leader
1. Selecting a Leader
• Select a leader able to handle the responsibility. • Authority• Pressure for uniformity• Status differentiation• Disruptive behavior• Incompatibility between individual and collective
goals
• Leadership style should vary with climate of the group. • Directive if task is ambiguous• Supportive if unsatisfying• Participative if group needs control• Achievement-oriented if no motivation
2. Sharing Leadership
• Leadership-- A group may not always have a leader but it always has leadership. • Group members can share the three leadership
functions.
• Procedural Needs– “housekeeping”
• Task Needs– “focus”
• Maintenance Needs– “relationships”
Procedural needs involve “housekeeping tasks”.
• Place and Agenda
• Notes and Handouts
• Summarizing progress
Task needs provide “focus”.
• Analyze
• Delegate
• Collect info
• Solicit views
• Focus
• Devil's advocate
• Criteria
• Reach consensus
Maintenance Needs involve “interpersonal
relations”. • Getting along
• Contributing
• Supporting
• Satisfaction about accomplishments
• Satisfaction about roles
3. Effective Communication
• Effective group discussion takes time. • Balance between
emotional and rational• Sincere skepticism is
encouraged• Group norms are
clearly identified• Some topics not
appropriate
Ineffective Communication
• Ineffective group discussion is more common. • Failure to contribute• Conformity• Poor Environment• Control• Rigid• Lack of Patience• Too much leadership or wrong type
Groupthink Conditions
• Being out of touch
• Being out of order
• Being overruled
• Being out of resources
Groupthink
Symptoms
• Group’s tendency to view itself as powerful
• Closed-mindedness
• Pressure toward uniformity
Minimizing Techniques
• Question self/actions
• Divide into subgroups
• Involve outsiders
• Add diversity
4. Efficient Problem-Solving
• Dewey’s Reflective Thinking Method• Define and narrow the problem• Analyze the problem• Establish criteria for solutions• Generate potential solutions• Select the best solution/s
1. Define the Problem
• Specific
• Open
• Avoid Bias
2. Analyze the Problem
• How Severe?
• How many people are affected?
• What if the problem is not resolved?
• What are the Causes?
3. Establish Criteria for the Solutions
• What must solution achieve?
• What might limit the choice of solutions?
4. Generate Potential Solutions
• Avoid judging while brainstorming
• Individuals record their own
5. Select the Best Solution
• Compare to established Criteria
• Evaluate all solutions